Chapter 11

Food and Health

Overweight

Weighing more than 10% over the standard weight for height.“Weighing more than you should”

Obesity:

Excess body fat, or adipose tissue

“Being over fat”

Common health risk caused by obesity

• 1. Higher risk of health problems• 2. Hypertension• 3. Diabetes• 4. High cholesterol• 5. Atherosclerosis: Hardening of the • arteries.• 6. Some cancers

Theories: Some say that obese people have more fat

cells.

Others say that everyone has a set point: that your body works hard to get to that point.

Fad Diets:

• 1. Grapefruit diet• 2. Cabbage Soup diet• 3. Low carbohydrate diet or NO Carb diet

• Why do they not work?

*Hard to stick to for a long time*Cost a lot of money*Cause major health problems

The best way to lose weight:

• 1. Change your eating habits

• 2. Exercise

Other weight loss strategies:

• 1. Fasting

• 2. Liquid Protein Diets

• 3. Diet Pills

Underweight

Being 10% or more below normal weight.

Under nutrition

Not consuming enough essential nutrients or calories

for normal body function.

Body Mass Index

The ratio of weight to height.

Nutrient Dense

Foods high in nutrients relative to their caloric

content.

Weight cycling

Cycle of losing, regaining, losing and regaining.

Anorexia Nervosa

A disorder in which the irrational fear of becoming obese results in severe weight loss from self-induced starvation.Anorexia: Without appetiteNervosa: Nervous origin

Signs of Anorexia Nervosa

• 1. Low caloric intake• 2. Obsession with exercise• 3. Emotional problems• 4. Unnatural interest in food• 5. Unrealistic sense of body image• 6. Denial of an eating problem• 7. Constipation• 8. Hormonal changes• 9. Loss of menstrual cycle

Continue Anorexia symptoms:

• 10. Heart Damage• 11. Impaired immune function• 12. Decreased heart rate• 13. Cause death

Bulimia nervosa

A disorder in which cycles of overeating are followed by some form of purging

or clearing of the digestive tract.

Signs of Bulimia:

• 1. Vomiting after meals• 2. Use of laxatives after meals• 3. Death• 4. Dehydration• 5. Kidney damage• 6. Irregular heartbeat• 7. Erodes tooth decay, which causes tooth

decay• 8. Damages stomach, esophagus and mouth• 9. Nutrient deficiencies may occur

Carbohydrate loading

Storing extra glycogen in the muscle, before strenuous exercise

Carbohydrate loading is NOT ADVISED for teen

athletes.Teens need an even balance of nutrients.

Eating before a competition:

• 1. High carbohydrates

• 2. Low Fat & Protein

• 3. Drink plenty of fluids!

Vegans

Vegetarians who eat only foods of plant

origin.

Nutrient supplements

Pills, powders, liquids, and other nonfood forms of nutrients

Megadoses

Very large amounts of nutrient supplements

Anti-Cancer Guidelines:

• 1. Don’t become over fat.• 2. Don’t eat too much fat.• 3. Eat more high fiber foods.• 4. Don’t eat food that is salt cured, • smoked, or pickled.• 5. Drink Alcohol in moderation• 6. Eat fruits and vegetables each

day.• 7. Don’t smoke.

The Most Dangerous Smoked Food that we eat is BACON!

35% of Cancers are Diet Related!

Women 40% or more overweight have a 55% greater risk of cancer.

Men 40% or more overweight have a 33% greater risk of cancer.

Determine Basic Weight:

•Women: 100 + 5 lbs. over each inch over 5 ft.

•Men: 110 + 5 lbs. over each inch over 5 ft.