Chapter 1: Sec. 1. Describe key scientific findings about human origins. List human achievements...
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Transcript of Chapter 1: Sec. 1. Describe key scientific findings about human origins. List human achievements...
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Human Origins in Africa
Chapter 1: Sec. 1
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• Describe key scientific findings about human origins.• List human achievements during the Stone Age.• Trace emergence of modern humans.• State discoveries about early humans.
Students will:
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Categorizing Forming and
Supporting Opinions
Making Inferences Drawing
Conclusions Recognizing
Effects
Comparing Geography Environment
Interaction Synthesizing
Skills Objectives
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❑ Interact with History❑ Discuss MAIN IDEA: Fossil evidence shows that the earliest humans originated in Africa and spread across the globe.❑ Discuss WHY IT MATTERS NOW : The study of early human remains and artifacts helps in understanding our place in human history.
Focus and Motivate
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Define the following Terms and Names ARTIFACT CULTURE HOMINID PALEOLITHIC AGE NEOLITHIC AGE TECHNOLOGY HOMO SAPIENS
PAGE 11 QUESTIONS 3, 4 ,and 5
Vocabulary and Homework
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Early Human Migration
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What were the earliest Humans like? Scientists use a variety of ways to
research and learn more about how, when and where early humans developed.
Archaeologists are specially trained scientists who work like detectives to uncover the story of prehistoric people.
Scientists Search for Human Origins
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Since prehistoric human did not have written language
It is necessary to learn from existing evidence left behind such as bones and artifacts.
Artifacts are human made objects such as tools and
jewelry …. These items might hint at how people lived,
worked, dressed, and perhaps if they had a belief system
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Common Practices◦ What people eat, wear, jewelry, ◦ What sports or games they play◦ Tools and Technology◦ Social Customs ◦ Work
Components of Culture
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Shared Understandings ◦ Language◦ Symbols◦ Religion◦ Values◦ Arts, music◦ Political beliefs
What is Culture?
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Social Organization ◦ Family◦ Class and caste structure◦ Relationships between individuals and community◦ Government◦ Economic systems ◦ View of authority
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YouMedia
Family
Friends Religion
Government
School
How Culture is Learned
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1970’s in East Africa footprints found resembling those of humans
Found by Dr. Mary Leakey these prints belong to a hominid now know as australopithecines
Early Hominids
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1974 Ethiopia Africa The oldest human remains found A female hominid Lucy was only 1.1 m (3 ft. 7 in) tall, weighed 29 kg (64 lbs.) and looked somewhat like a Common Chimpanzee
The Discovery of Lucy
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Human Evolution
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2.5 million to 8000 BCE Invention of tools, mastery of Fire,
development of Language
Old Stone Age (Paleolithic Age)
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Paleolithic Hunter / Gatherer
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Objectives: Students will • List technological and artistic
achievements of the Paleolithic Age. • Describe the Neolithic Revolution. • Explain the growth of villages.
Chapter 1 Sec. 2 Humans try to Control Nature
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Outlining Analyzing Primary Sources Making Inferences Skill builder: Map Summarizing
Skills
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Discuss MAIN IDEA: The development of agriculture caused an increase in population and the growth of a settled way of life.
Discuss WHY IT MATTERS NOW: New methods for obtaining food and the development of technology laid the foundations for modern civilizations.
FOCUS AND MOTIVATE
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Nomad Hunter-gatherer Neolithic revolution Slash and burn farming Domestication
Page 19 Questions 3, 4, and 5
Vocabulary and Homework
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Paleolithic Humans ( Old Stone Age)
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Neolithic Human (New Stone Age)
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Eskimos in Alaska ca. 1910
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Birth of Agriculture Slash and Burn Farming
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Making of tools
Neolithic Revolution
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ATLATL
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Wolf
Domestication of Animals
Dog
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Religion: Stonehenge England
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Inukshuk Greenland & Canada
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ObjectivesStudents will
• Explain how villages grew into cities.
• List the characteristics of civilization.
• Describe how the city of Ur exemplifies early civilizations
Chapter 1 Sec. 3 Civilization Ur
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SummarizingDrawing ConclusionsMaking InferencesAnalyzing CausesRecognizing Effects
Skills
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Discuss MAIN IDEA: Prosperous farming villages, food surpluses, and new technology led to the rise of civilizations.
Discuss WHY IT MATTERS NOW: Contemporary civilizations share the same characteristics typical of ancient civilizations.
FOCUS AND MOTIVATE
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Civilization Specialization Artisan Questions Page 23 Institution Numbers 1, 3, 4, and 5 Scribe Cuneiform Bronze Age Barter Ziggurat
Vocabulary and Homework
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How Civilization Develops
1. Advanced Cities 2. Specialized Workers 3. Complex Institutions4. Record Keeping
5. Advanced Technology
Civilization Case Study “Ur”
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Village or City is not determined by its size of population but rather its design.
City center to foster trade and markets Centers for religious observance Site for retail and trade shops
Advanced Cities
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Persons that do a particular job or taskartisan
MerchantsGovernment officialsSoldiers Metal workersPriests ScribesFarmersWeavers
Specialized Workers
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Formal System of Government
Priests with official political and religious authority; Religious ceremony
Education to train those in a specific job such as scribes Need to learn established written language cuneiform
Complex Institutions
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Potters Wheel
Metal work---Bronze ( 88% copper 12% tin )
Improved Technology
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City of Ur
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How did the surplus of food help develop specialization of work?
Why does a city such as Ur need a formal Government?
Why did record keeping become important in Ur?
Quiz Hints