Dr. BUNRITH SENG

Introduction to

Environmental Engineering

Mobile : +81 (0) 80 3259 9952

E-mail: seng.bunrith@gmail.com; bseng@itc.edu.kh

Department of Civil Engineering, Zaman University

No. 8, St. 315, 12151 Phnom Penh, Cambodia

Zaman University Department of Civil Engineering

No. 8, St. 315, 12151 Phnom Penh, Cambodia

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Environment & Engineering

Environmental Engineering

The integration of science and engineering principles to improve the natural environment, to provide healthy water, air, and land for human habitation and for other organisms, and to clean up pollution sites.

What is Environment?

Environment is your surroundings and what’s around you; your house, your garden, your town, your shops, the hills and rivers, the ocean, the air and so on

What is Engineering?

The application of scientific and mathematical principles to practical ends such as the design, manufacture, and operation of efficient and economical structures, machines, processes, and systems.

Causes and Effects of Environmental Pollution

Environmental Pollution

Water pollution

Air pollution

Land pollution

Direct human Health impacts

Destruction of ecosystem

Biodiversity reduction

Food chain contamination

Resource depletion, etc.

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Consequences

Water Pollution Air Pollution Land Pollution

Water

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Causes and Effects of Water Pollution

Industrial Wastewater

Oil Spill

Industrial and Sewage Sludge

Solid Waste

Causes of Water Pollution

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What happen if your water source becomes like this?

Causes and Effects of Water Pollution

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Groundwater contamination from pesticides causes reproductive damage within wildlife in ecosystems.

Sewage, fertilizer, and agricultural run-off contain organic materials that when discharged into waters, increase the growth of algae, which causes the depletion of oxygen. The low oxygen levels are not able to support most indigenous organisms in the area and therefore upset the natural ecological balance in rivers and lakes.

Swimming in and drinking contaminated water causes skin rashes and health problems like cancer, reproductive problems, typhoid fever and stomach sickness in humans. Which is why it’s very important to make sure that your water is clean and safe to drink.

Oil spills in the water causes animal to die when they ingest it or encounter it. Oil does not dissolve in water so it causes suffocation in fish and birds.

Causes and Effects of Water Pollution (Cont.)

Effects of Water Pollution

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Industrial chemicals and agricultural pesticides that end up in aquatic environments can accumulate in fish that are later eaten by humans. Fish are easily poisoned with metals that are also later consumed by humans. Mercury is particularly poisonous to small children and women. Mercury has been found to interfere with the development of the nervous system in fetuses and young children.

Ecosystems are destroyed by the rising temperature in the water, as coral reefs are affected by the bleaching effect due to warmer temperatures. Additionally, the warm water forces indigenous water species to seek cooler water in other areas, causing an ecological damaging shift of the affected area.

Human-produced litter of items such as plastic bags and 6-pack rings can get aquatic animals caught and killed from suffocation.

Water pollution causes flooding due to the accumulation of solid waste and soil erosion in streams and rivers.

Effects of Water Pollution (Cont.)

Causes and Effects of Water Pollution (Cont.)

Causes and Effects of Air Pollution

Fossil burning Volcano eruption

Vehicle exhaust fumes

Agricultural activities

Construction 8

Forest fire/Burning

Causes of Air Pollution

CO, CO2, SOx, NOx,

Particulate matters,

Others

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Causes and Effects of Air Pollution (Cont.)

Effects of Air Pollution

Air pollution causes irritation in the throat, nose, lungs and eyes. It causes breathing problems and aggravates existing health conditions such as emphysema and asthma.

Contaminated air reduces the body’s defenses and decreases the body’s capacity to fight other infections in the respiratory system.

Frequent exposure to polluted air increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. Breathing air that is filled with fine particulate matter can induce hardening of the arteries, triggering cardiac arrhythmia or even a heart attack.

People who exercise outdoors are susceptible to the adverse effects of air pollution because it involves deeper and faster breathing.

Acid rain contains hydrogen ions, which can damage trees, crops, harm marine animals and induce corrosion in metals.

Smog causes harmful health effects in humans and animals. Studies have shown signs of black lung disease in dolphins of due to high concentrations of carbon particles in the air.

People afflicted with heart disease, children and older people are more sensitive to air pollution.

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Causes and Effects of Land Pollution

What are Causes and Effects of Land Pollution?

Your Task…!

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Causes and Effects of Land Pollution (Cont.)

Deforestation and soil erosion

Agricultural activities

Mining activities

Overcrowded landfill

Industrialization

Construction activities

Nuclear waste

Sewage treatment

Causes of Land Pollution

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Causes and Effects of Land Pollution (Cont.)

Effects of Land Pollution

Soil pollution (degradation)

Change in climate patterns

Environmental impact

Effect on human health

Cause air pollution

Distraction of tourist

Effect on wildlife http://www.conserve-energy-future.com/causes-effects-

solutions-of-land-pollution.php

https://sites.google.com/site/projectsoilpollution1/causes Case study on Soil pollution in India