Changing Attitudes & Values Social Order Middle Class Rights for Women – Suffrage: The right to...
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Transcript of Changing Attitudes & Values Social Order Middle Class Rights for Women – Suffrage: The right to...
Changing Attitudes & Values
• Social Order• Middle Class• Rights for Women–Suffrage: The right to vote
• Public Education – late 1800’s• Higher Education
John Stuart Mill & Reform
• Gov’t should work for the good of all its citizens• Protected working children;
improve housing and factory conditions• Rejected economic systems that
left workers trapped in poverty
–Equality for all regardless of social class or economic power–All human beings “have equal need of a voice in government to secure their share of its benefits.”
Early Reform Laws• Working conditions troubled British
public–Factory Act of 1802–Ten Hours Act of 1847
Early Reform Laws• Hard to enforce – conditions remained
harsh• Did nothing to increase wages• Workers banded together to demandreform–Strikes –Unions
Collective Action
•By the 1870s Parliament passed laws legalizing strikes – unions have real power•Management and unions
discuss wages, hours, working conditions
New Methods of Production
• Interchangeable parts•Assembly line
Technology• Steel:–Henry Bessemer – purified iron
ore–Lighter, harder, more durable
than iron–Produced cheaply
•Chemicals–Medicine–First artificial food
(margarine)–Perfume–Soap!!–Dynamite
•Electricity–Electric light bulb–Batteries–Cables to carry electicity–Power transformers–AC Current
More…..• Transportation:–Internal combustion engine–Cars & gasoline–Airplanes
• Communication:–Telegraph–Telephone–Radio
Life during the Industrial Revolution
• Medicine:–Germ discovery–Vaccines–Pasteurization–Insects can
cause illness
–Anesthesia–Sterilization–Sanitation–Antiseptics
Cities• Increasing
population• Slums• Tenements• More wealth• Shopping areas• Trolley lines• Suburbia
• Sidewalks• Paved streets• Electric street
lights• Sewers• Clean water• Skyscrapers