CHALLENGES in the CONSTRUCTION + INSTALLATION of LHCb CALORIMETERS 2001 - 2007 '

08/10/2007 – DT2 Science Tea

CHALLENGES in the CONSTRUCTION + INSTALLATION of LHCb CALORIMETERS2001 - 2007'

Robert KRISTIC1

Robert KRISTIC2

KEY DATA + DESIGN PARAMETER


HCALECALPSLead AbsorberSPD

Top View of the LHCb Cavern at Pit 8

IP

SPD +PS

ECAL

HCAL

gantry

~13m


08/10/2007 – DT2 Science Tea Robert KRISTIC 3

Z~2.7m

HC

AL

ECA

L

PS/

SPD

Y~7mX~8.5m

Y~2.5m

Requirements to the Calorimeter System:

Preshower (PS) and Scintillator Pad Detector (SPD):• PID for L0 electron and photon trigger• electron & photon / pion separation by PS• photon / MIP separation by SPD• charged multiplicity veto by SPD

Electromagnetic Calorimeter (ECAL):• Et of electrons and photons for L0 trigger

(e.g. B → J/Ψ Ks, B → K*γ)• reconstruction of π0 and prompt γ offline• particle ID

Hadron Calorimeter (HCAL):• Et of hadrons for L0 trigger

(e.g. B → π π , B → DsK)• particle ID

L0 trigger => Calorimeters readout every 25ns

Electromagnetic calorimeters

Crystals 2.3%/ 4E 1.9% BaBar (current calorimeters) CsI (Tl) 1.5%/ 4E 1.2% BELLE 2.8%/E 0.6% CMS PbWO4 3.3%/E (low noise term) ALICE

LAr/Pb 10%/ E 0.7% ATLAS (accordion)

Scint./Pb 10%/ E 1% LHCb (shashlik)

Comparison of Calorimeters

Hadron Calorimeters

Scint. / Brass ~100%E 4.5% CMS (WLS readout)

LAr / Brass ~60%E 3% ATLAS (end-cap)

Scint / Fe (WLS readout) ~50%E 3% ATLAS (barrel)(tiles oriented parallel to the beam) Scint / Fe (WLS readout) ~70%E 10% LHCb(similar to ATLAS tile calorimeter, but planar geometry, 5.4 depth)

Comparison of Calorimeters

E GeV

E (0.83 0.02)% ((145 13) MeV)/E

(9.40.2)%

Energy resolution of LHCb ECAL

E (0.87 0.07)%

(8.20.4)%

subtracted noise:50,70,100 GeV – 330 MeV5,10,20,30 GeV – 65 MeV

Outer module Inner module

LHCb ECAL: uniformity of response (scan of outer module with 50 GeV electrons)

Shashlik was a baseline optionof the CMS ECAL at the earlier stage Response non-uniformity was a concern: response at the edge ~10% smaller than in the center of the cell(RD36 results)

RD36

10%

outer module

inner module

X, mm20

60-60 060

0-20

Response is overcompensatedat the edges of the tile


08/10/2007 – DT2 Science Tea Robert KRISTIC8

units [mm] starting ending staticZ Z envelope

Preshower 12300 12480 180ECAL 12520 13345 825HCAL 13385 15050 1665

Z~2.7m

HC

AL

ECA

L

PS/

SPD

Y~7mX~8.5m

Requirements to the calorimeter subdetectors:

Y~2.5m

FUNCTIONING

08/10/2007 – DT2 Science Tea Robert KRISTIC9

PS détermine la nature électromagnétique des particules et SPD la charge ⇒ Identification et Discrimination e/g

ElectronHadron

1 1

1 0

0 1

Identification e/g/h

HCALECALPS/SPD

PS Energy

10

HCAL LAYOUT

08/10/2007 – DT2 Science Tea Robert KRISTIC

support structure

Total weight

~500 tons

The overall detector• weight ~ 500 tons of steel• consists of 52 modules (26/side)• 1468 channels• electronics moves together with the detector• read-out electronics on detector• L: ~4.2m, W: ~1.6m, H: ~6.8m

1 module ~ 10 tons

cabling inside the module and on the

detector side

One module • consists of 8 sub-modules• L: ~4m, W: ~1.6m, H: ~0.26m• weight ~9.5 tons• Readout via WLS

Electron.platform

Chariot

modules

Beam plug

Robert KRISTIC11

HCAL PART PRODUCTION (2001-2004)


Raw material procurement of ~ 550 tons of ordinary steel (S235JR)• 400 tons of cold rolled 6mm (D) and 130 tons of 4mm plates (CZ) + 20 tons (D)• Produced out of coils + cut into pieces of ~ 1300mm in length (~ 50’000 plates)• Tolerances in thickness +/- 0.05, Flatness 1mm over L= 1m

HCAL Production with 3 different technologies• Laser-cutting – 1 master plate/1min

• First 2 firms disqualified. They didn’t meet the specifications• 40% was produced (B)

Robert KRISTIC12

HCAL PART PRODUCTION (2001-2004)


HCAL Production• Punching – 20 master plates/h

• Punching tool with big hydraulic presses => enormous forces• 60% was produced (RUS), reliability in dimensions

• Conventional machining• 5% of overall production only due to time and low dimensional accuracy

(RO)

Robert KRISTIC13

HCAL MODULE PRODUCTION (RUS)


particlesPMT

fibre

fibre

(front)

spacer scinti-llator

master

Gluing procedure for 1 sub module - 52 Master Plates - 182 Spacer Plates

particles

PMT

scintillators

WLS Fibers

light-guide(two periods detached for illustration)

Robert KRISTIC14

HCAL assembly


production rate of 4 modules/month

SAFETY IS EVERYWHERE

Robert KRISTIC15

HCAL INSTALLATION


25/1/05support 11/4/05

1st module

17/7/052nd half

19/11/05platform+ gantry

15/5/05 1st half

Lateral tolerance within +/- 1.5 mmFront side vertical within +/- 0.5 mm Height at four edges within +/- 0.2 mm

Robert KRISTIC16

ECAL LAYOUT


signal +HV

cables at the back

Monitoring System at the front

The overall detector• weight ~ 100 tons of Pb•consists of 3312 modules (1656/side)• L: ~4m, W: 0.825m, H: ~6.5m• 64 columns + 52 rows• electronics moves with the detector• read-out electronics on detector

Total weight~100 tons

Two halves on chariots + electronics platform

on top

Chariot

Electron.platform

modules

Beam plug

One module • 3 types of cells• 66 layers of 2mm Pb + 4mm scintillator• 1 module ~ 30 Kg• 5952 channels• readout via WLS fibres

Robert KRISTIC17

ECAL PRODUCTION


Raw material procurement of ~ 100 tons of Lead 99.2%• 100 tons of t= 2mm (D)• Special requirement was a 3 m thick tin layer on the surface => no oxidation

ECAL Part Production• Punching of 2mm Lead in respect to the punching whole diameter of 1.5mm• Tin addition had good abilities in order to punch => better cut + less erosion• Big advantage was - if the punching failed the material could be reproduced easily

Robert KRISTIC18

ECAL MODULE PRODUCTION (RUS)


3312 shashlik modules

Scintillators, lead-plates, covers

Basic design: “shashlik” type 66 layers of 2mm Pb/ 4mm scintillator

Robert KRISTIC19

ECAL INSTALLATION


Steel bands embracing 2 module rows

Stretching system for steel bands on detector side

Production of steel bands

“T-bar” for ECAL assembly

½ ECAL

Robert KRISTIC20

ECAL INSTALLATION


21/3/05

17/5/05 exchangeable modules missing

27/4/051st part of platform

Relative position of all modules along Z within 2 mm

Robert KRISTIC21

BEAM PLUGS + STEEL STRUCTURE


ECAL

Flanges+ bellow

Beam-pipe from IP

HCAL

Straightsection

Flanges+ bellow

Beam-pipe to muons

ECALHCAL

Steel structure

Steel structure fill up with Lead

Robert KRISTIC22

PS/SPD/LEAD ABSORBER LAYOUT


3442

Support structures for SPD/PS/LEAD

180MM

ECALplatform

PS SPDLead

Upper guidance system

42

Lower guidance system

180mm

Robert KRISTIC23

LEAD ABSORBER LAYOUT


lead

Rollers and rail

External plate

Central plate

3850

Beam

• Al-Pb-Al sandwich with 14mm Pb (2.5 X0) and 2*1mm Al in Z• for handling reasons divided into 4 pieces of ~2m length along X• for mechanical reasons divided into regions of different materials along Y • each piece glued, machined and transported on a special tool

Robert KRISTIC24

LEAD ABSORBER INSTALLATION


Robert KRISTIC25

PS/SPD LAYOUT


super-module(~1x6.5m2)

leadabsorber(4 pcs of~8x2m2)

detectorhalf

Front view

support structure

Andreas Schopper

4 super modules per half detector

MAPMT+ VFER/O cables

Moving cable trays

Robert KRISTIC26

PS/SPD MODULE PRODUCTION


Cosmic test set-up

4 outer (w/o fibers)4 middle frames

Frame assembly

Transport cradle3 Inner frames

Assembly cradle

piece around beam pipe

A total of 8 PS and 8 SPD Super-Modules have to be producedProduction Area at CERN in Bldg. 156

~8m

Robert KRISTIC27

PS/SPD PRODUCTION


- 12000 tiles- 444 module boxes- 16 Super Modules- 6016 channels

Side view of upper part

Inner + Middle + Outer ModulesScintillator + fiber

PS+SPD built from 16 super modules

Super module with 2 x 13 modules

Outer type module box with 16 tiles, incl. LEDs for monitoring system (no box cover)

Robert KRISTIC28

PS/SPD MODULE PRODUCTION


Robert KRISTIC29

CABLE CHAIN


Test with cable chain prototype

PS

SPD

Robert KRISTIC30

CABLE ROUTING


in

SPD

Robert KRISTIC31

CABLE ROUTING


101 reels – PS/C-top

Two bundle layer of 38mm

17mm gap left (of 92mm)

M1

Cable chain entrance

Fixed on modules

Robert KRISTIC32

CABLE ROUTING


101 reel (top) + 82 reel (bottom)-------------------------- 183 reel total PS/C

To be bent like this

Robert KRISTIC33

CABLE CHAIN INSTALLATION


PS cable chains

SPD cable chains

Robert KRISTIC34

What next ?


• Installation phase is more or less finish and detector commissioning starts• But there are still some activities in the pit

• cable chain modification• rearrangement of cables in the cable chain• alignment of the detectors to the centre• aso.

New Projects and new CHALLENGES !!!

Robert KRISTIC35

THANK YOU – СПАСИБО – MERCI


CHALLENGES in the CONSTRUCTION + INSTALLATION of LHCb CALORIMETERS 2001 - 2007 '

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Transcript of CHALLENGES in the CONSTRUCTION + INSTALLATION of LHCb CALORIMETERS 2001 - 2007 '