Ch.19organisms 19.2 Protozoan – Animal-like protists p. 546 - 552 Main Idea ! Protozoans are...
Transcript of Ch.19organisms 19.2 Protozoan – Animal-like protists p. 546 - 552 Main Idea ! Protozoans are...
Bio 134
Ch. 19 Protists
Main Idea
! Protists form a diverse group of organisms that are subdivided based on their method of obtaining nutrients
What do all protists have in common? ! They are all eukaryotes
How are protists classified?
! Based on how they obtain nutrients
What are protozoan?
! Animal-like protists
How do protozoa obtain nutrients? ! They are heterotrophs – they ingest
food
How do plantlike protists obtain their nutrients? ! They make their own food through
photosynthesis
How do the funguslike protists obtain their nutrients? ! They absorb their nutrients from other
organisms
19.2 Protozoan – Animal-like protists
p. 546 - 552
Main Idea
! Protozoans are animal-like, heterotrophic protists
How do members of ciliophora move around? ! They use cilia
– Cilia – numerous short hairlike projections
Example of a Ciliate:
Stentor
Trichodina pediculus
Paramecuim
Paramecia structures:
! Pellicle – a layer of membrane ! Trichocysts – cylindrical bodies that
discharge a spinelike structure ! Contractile vacuoles – collect excess
water from the cytoplasm and expel it from the cell
How do members of sarcodina move around? ! With the use of a pseudopod
– Pseudopod – a temporary extension of cytoplasm used to surround and envelop food
Amoeba
What other name do apicomplexa go by? ! sporozoans
How do the sporozoans get their food? ! They are parasitic
– Parasitic – they get their nutritional requirements from a host
What disease can be caused by sporozoans? ! malaria
What other name do zoomastigina go by? ! zooflagellates
How do zooflagellates move around? ! Use a flagella
– Flagella – long whiplike projections that protrude from the cell, used for movement
What two diseases can be caused by zooflagellates? ! African sleeping sickness ! American sleeping sickness
19.3 Algae – Plantlike protists
p. 553 - 559
Main idea
! Algae are plantlike, autotrophic protists that are the producers for aquatic ecosystems
What are the light absorbing pigments in algae? ! chlorophyll
Where are the light absorbing pigments found? ! In the chloroplasts
What is a diatom?
! A unicellular algae that have walls made of silica
Diatoms
How do dinoflagellates move around? ! They have two flagella that make them
spin
Dinoflagellates
What is bioluminescence?
! Bioluminescence (or bioluminescent) means they emit light
Bioluminescent Dinoflagellates
What is a algal bloom?
! When dinoflagellates reproduce in great numbers
Algal bloom
What is a red tide?
! A algal bloom of red pigmented dinoflagellates
Red Tide
How do euglena obtain food?
! They are photosynthetic but can also be heterotrophic
Euglena
How do Chrysophytes obtain food? ! They are all photosynthetic, but some
can also be heterotrophic
What is a colony?
! A group of cells that join together to form a close association
Colony of Golden-brown algae
Yellow-green algae
Where can you find brown algae?
! Along rocky coasts in cool areas of the world
Brown Algae
How are green algae and plants similar? ! Contain chlorophyll ! Green ! Have cell walls ! Store food as carbohydrates
Spirogyra
Colony of Volvox
Why can red algae live in deeper water than other algae? ! Their red color allows them to absorb
green, violet,and blue light that can penetrate water to a deeper depth
Red Algae
What are some uses for algae?
What is Alteration of Generations? ! A life cycle of algae that takes two
generations to complete – one that reproduces sexually and one that reproduces asexually.
Alteration of Generations
19.4 Funguslike Protists
p. 561- 565
Main Idea
! Funguslike protists obtain their nutrition by absorbinig nutrients from dead or decaying organisms
How are slime molds and fungus alike? ! They reproduce through spores ! They absorb nutrients from decaying
organic material
How are slime molds and fungus different? ! Fungi have chitin in cell walls ! Slime molds have cellulose
What is plasmodium?
! A mobile mass of cytoplasm that contains many diploid nuclei but no separate cells
How are acelllar slime molds and cellular slime molds different? ! Acellular slime molds form a
plasmodium (many nuclei, but no separate cells)
! Cellular slime molds are amoeba-like cells moving in a mass
What is acrasin?
! When food is scarce, slime mold cells give off this chemical
What does acrasin do?
! It signals the slime mold cells to all get together, form a fruiting body, and release spores
Where can you find water molds and downy mildew? ! In water or damp places