Protists Three Groups of Protists: Animal-like Protists Plant-like Protists Fungus-like Protists.

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Protists Protists Three Groups of Three Groups of Protists: Protists: Animal-like Protists Animal-like Protists Plant-like Protists Plant-like Protists Fungus-like Protists Fungus-like Protists

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Transcript of Protists Three Groups of Protists: Animal-like Protists Plant-like Protists Fungus-like Protists.

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ProtistsProtistsThree Groups of Protists:Three Groups of Protists:

Animal-like ProtistsAnimal-like ProtistsPlant-like ProtistsPlant-like Protists

Fungus-like ProtistsFungus-like Protists

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Protist DiversityProtist Diversity200,000 species: different shapes, 200,000 species: different shapes,

sizes, and colorssizes, and colorsAll All eukaryoteseukaryotes – have a nucleus – have a nucleus

and membrane-bound organellesand membrane-bound organellesNot bacteria, animals, plants, Not bacteria, animals, plants,

fungi (the organism junk drawer)fungi (the organism junk drawer)Reproduce asexually or sexuallyReproduce asexually or sexually

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Protists are the most diverse of all eukaryotes.

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Asexual reproduction

Binary fission

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Sexual reproductionConjucation

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Animal-like ProtistsAnimal-like Protists“Protozoa”“Protozoa”

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ProtozoansProtozoansUnicellularUnicellular –one cell –one cellHeterotrophsHeterotrophs – they eat – they eat

other organisms or dead other organisms or dead organic matterorganic matter

Classified by how they Classified by how they movemove

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PhylaPhyla of Protozoans of ProtozoansPhylum Zoomastigina Phylum Zoomastigina

“Zooflagellates”“Zooflagellates”(giardia)(giardia)

Phylum Sarcodina“Phylum Sarcodina“Sarcodines”Sarcodines”(amoeba)(amoeba)

Phylum CiliophoraPhylum Ciliophora “ “Ciliates”Ciliates”(paramecium)(paramecium)

Phylum Sporozoa “Phylum Sporozoa “Sporazoans”Sporazoans”(plasmodidium)(plasmodidium)

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Sarcodines – move by extensions of their cytoplasm.

Ciliates – move by means of cilia.

Sporozoans – do not move on their own.

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AmoebasAmoebas: the blobs: the blobs

No cell wallNo cell wallMove using Move using pseudopodspseudopods – –

plasma extensionsplasma extensionsEngulf bits of food by Engulf bits of food by

flowing around and over flowing around and over themthem

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Amoeba

Moves using pseudopods- “false feet”- cytoplasmic projections

Found in freshwater

Pseudopods

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They also use pseudopods for feeding

Amoeba Paramecium

Pseudopod

Pseudopod

Food Vacuole

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More amoebas

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Amoebic dysentery Entamoeba histolyticaAmoebas feed on intestinal lining,

causing bloody diarrhea.Contaminated food or water.

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FlagellatesFlagellates: the : the motorboatsmotorboats

Use a whip-like extension Use a whip-like extension called a called a flagellaflagella to move to move

Some cause diseasesSome cause diseases

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Giardiasis – Giardia lambliaCramps, nausea, diarrhea, and vomitingContaminated water

Leishmaniasis – TrypanosomaSkin sores and deep, eroding lesions.Bites from sand flies.

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Trichomonas foetusTrichomonas foetus : cow disease : cow disease

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Trichomonas vaginalis: an STDTrichomonas vaginalis: an STD

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CiliatesCiliates: the hairy ones: the hairy onesMove beating tiny hairs Move beating tiny hairs

called called ciliacilia

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Paramecium- move using cilia (tiny hairlike projections)

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Paramecium reproduction

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SporazoansSporazoans: the : the parasiteparasite

Non-motileNon-motile - Do not move - Do not moveLive inside a Live inside a hosthostOne type causes One type causes malariamalaria

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Malaria in red blood cellsMalaria in red blood cells

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MALARIA – PlasmodiumCauses severe chills, fever,

sweating, confusion, and great thirst.

Spread from person to person by the anopheles mosquito.

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Plant-like ProtistsPlant-like Protists“Algae”“Algae”

The UnicellularThe Unicellular

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Plant-Like Protists

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What are Algae?What are Algae?UnicellularUnicellular – made of one cell – made of one cellMulticellularMulticellular – made of more – made of more

than one cellthan one cellPhotosyntheticPhotosynthetic – make their own – make their own

foodfoodNo roots, stems, or leavesNo roots, stems, or leavesEach has Each has chlorophyllchlorophyll and other and other

photosynthetic pigmentsphotosynthetic pigments

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Brown Algea:Brown Algea:

Giant Kelp ForestGiant Kelp Forest

Volvox: a green colonial algaeVolvox: a green colonial algae

Red algeal bloom

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PhylaPhyla of Unicellular of Unicellular AlgaeAlgae

Phylum Euglenophyta Phylum Euglenophyta (euglena)(euglena)

Phylum Chrysophyta Phylum Chrysophyta (golden (golden algae)algae)

Phylum BacillariophytaPhylum Bacillariophyta (diatoms)(diatoms)

Phylum Pyrrophyta Phylum Pyrrophyta (dinoflagellates)(dinoflagellates)

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EuglenoidsEuglenoids::AquaticAquaticMove around like animalsMove around like animalsCan ingest food from Can ingest food from

surroundings when light is surroundings when light is not availablenot available

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Euglena

Euglena contain: chloroplasts, a flagella, and an eyespot to sense where light is.

Unique because they are both heterotrophic and autotrophic.

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DiatomsDiatoms: The Golden : The Golden OnesOnes

Have shells made of silica Have shells made of silica (glass)(glass)

Photosynthetic pigment Photosynthetic pigment called called carotenoidscarotenoids – give – give them a golden colorthem a golden color

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DinoflagellatesDinoflagellates: The : The Spinning OnesSpinning Ones

Spin around using two flagellaSpin around using two flagellaResponsible for Red TidesResponsible for Red TidesCreate toxins that can kill Create toxins that can kill

animals and sometimes animals and sometimes peoplepeople

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Algal BloomsHigh temps and increase in

nutrients (nitrates and phosphates) lead to increased algae populations

Harmful to fish and humans (red tide)

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Swimming with Bioluminescent Dinoflagellates

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Plant-like ProtistsPlant-like Protists“Algae”“Algae”

The MulticellularThe Multicellular

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All are autotrophic-meaning they can make their own food

Examples:EuglenaAlgae

Plant-like ProtistsPlant-like Protists

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PhylaPhyla of Multicellular Algae of Multicellular Algae

Phylum RhodophytaPhylum Rhodophyta (Red Algae) (Red Algae)

Phylum PhaeophytaPhylum Phaeophyta (Brown (Brown Algae)Algae)

Phylum ChlorohytaPhylum Chlorohyta (Green Algae) (Green Algae)

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Red AlgaeRed Algae: :

SeaweedsSeaweedsMulticellular, marine Multicellular, marine

organismsorganismsHave red and blue Have red and blue

pigmentspigments

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Brown AlgaeBrown Algae: :

They have They have air bladdersair bladders to to help them float at the surface help them float at the surface – where the light is.– where the light is.

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Green AlgaeGreen Algae: :

Most live in Most live in fresh waterfresh waterCan be unicellular or Can be unicellular or

multicellularmulticellularLive alone or in groups called Live alone or in groups called

coloniescolonies

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Green AlgaeGreen Algae: :

Unicellular – ChalamydomonasUnicellular – Chalamydomonas

Colonial Algae – spyrogyra, Colonial Algae – spyrogyra, volvoxvolvox

Multicelluar - UlvaMulticelluar - Ulva

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Conjugation of Spyrogyra

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The life cycle of Chlamydomonas

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Isogamy = male and female gamete identical in size

“cloning” – plants identical to each other

Sexual reproduction- create variation

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Fungus-like ProtistsFungus-like Protists

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Fungus-Like Protists

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Fungus-like ProtistsFungus-like Protists

All form delicate, netlike All form delicate, netlike structures on the surface structures on the surface of their food sourceof their food source

Obtain energy by Obtain energy by decomposing organic decomposing organic materialmaterial

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Phyla Phyla of of Fungus-like ProtistsFungus-like Protists

Phylum AcrasiomycotaPhylum Acrasiomycota - - Cellular Slime Molds Cellular Slime Molds

Phylum MyxomycotaPhylum Myxomycota - - Plasmodium Slime MoldsPlasmodium Slime Molds

Phylum OomycotaPhylum Oomycota - Water - Water Molds & Downy MildewsMolds & Downy Mildews

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Slime MoldsSlime Molds

Live in cool moist, shady Live in cool moist, shady places where they grow on places where they grow on damp, organic matterdamp, organic matter

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Plasmodium Slime Plasmodium Slime MoldsMolds

Form Form plasmodiumplasmodium: a mass : a mass of cytoplasm that contains of cytoplasm that contains many diploid nuclei but no many diploid nuclei but no cell walls or membranes – cell walls or membranes – its feeding stageits feeding stage

Creeps by amoeboid Creeps by amoeboid movement – 2.5 cm/hourmovement – 2.5 cm/hour

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Plasmodium Plasmodium continued…continued…

May reach more than a meter May reach more than a meter in diameterin diameter

Form reproductive structures Form reproductive structures when surroundings dry upwhen surroundings dry up

SporesSpores are dispersed by the are dispersed by the wind and grow into new wind and grow into new plasmodiumplasmodium

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Cellular Slime MoldsCellular Slime MoldsIn feeding mode, they exist In feeding mode, they exist

as individual amoebic cellsas individual amoebic cellsWhen food becomes When food becomes

scarce, they come together scarce, they come together with thousands of their own with thousands of their own kind to reproducekind to reproduce

May look like a plasmodiumMay look like a plasmodium

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Slime molds upclose

Water and Slime molds are not in the Kingdom Fungi because their cell walls are made up of cellulose not chitin.

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Figure 27.32 A Cellular Slime Mold

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Figure 27.14 Alternation of Generations

The standard or beginning model

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Water Molds and Water Molds and Downy MildewsDowny Mildews

Live in water or moist Live in water or moist placesplaces

Feed on dead organisms Feed on dead organisms or parasitize plantsor parasitize plants

Fuzzy white growthsFuzzy white growths

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Water molds:

Water molds: Completely

aquatic Often

decomposers Sometimes

parasitic

Water mold attacking a fish

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By Tae Sung Huh TSW 8. What is protist? Protists are eukaryotics. kingdom Protista, mostly classified by how they move –Protists –fungus-like –plant-like.

By Tae Sung Huh TSW 8. What is protist? Protists are eukaryotics. kingdom Protista, mostly classified by how they move –Protists –fungus-like –plant-like.

The Fungus-like Protists

The Fungus-like Protists

PROTISTS AND FUNGI - All Saints Middle School Science · PROTISTS AND FUNGI. Similarities and Differences in the Protist Kingdom ... Protists: •Animal-like •Fungus-like

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Protists - Beavercreek High School€¦ · Plant/Fungus-like Protists –Algae –Diatoms –Dinoflagellates –Euglenoids –Slime & Water Molds . Algae Red Marine Algae Golden Algae

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PROTISTS AND FUNGI Autotrophs, heterotrophs, or both. • Some can move - others cannot. 3 categories of Protists: • Animal-like •Fungus

PROTISTS AND FUNGI Autotrophs, heterotrophs, or both. • Some can move - others cannot. 3 categories of Protists: • Animal-like •Fungus

FUNGUS- like PROTISTS: CAUGHT IN THEIR SLIME

FUNGUS- like PROTISTS: CAUGHT IN THEIR SLIME

Protists and Fungi. Kingdom Protista Plant-like, animal-like, or fungus-like Heterotrophs or autotrophs Most unicellular, some multicellular.

Protists and Fungi. Kingdom Protista Plant-like, animal-like, or fungus-like Heterotrophs or autotrophs Most unicellular, some multicellular.

Kingdom Protista - Class Webpagemsemilyfox.weebly.com/uploads/2/7/6/2/27620011/protist... · • Fungus-like. Animal-like Protists

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FUNGUS-LIKE PROTISTS

FUNGUS-LIKE PROTISTS

Protista Kingdoms. The Big Picture Kingdom Protista –Animal-like Protists –Plant-like Protists –Fungus-like Protists.

Protista Kingdoms. The Big Picture Kingdom Protista –Animal-like Protists –Plant-like Protists –Fungus-like Protists.

The weird, Wacky, wonderful world of… Kingdom Protista! Animal-like Animal-like Protists Plant-like Plant-like Protists Fungus-like Fungus-like Protists.

The weird, Wacky, wonderful world of… Kingdom Protista! Animal-like Animal-like Protists Plant-like Plant-like Protists Fungus-like Fungus-like Protists.

Fungus like protists

Fungus like protists

218 CHAPTER 9 MS Protists and Fungi · Fungus-like Protists Fungus-like protists are heterotrophs that have cell walls and reproduce by forming spores ... CHAPTER 9. MS PROTISTS AND

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Kingdom Protista: The Protists - Wikispaces Protista.pdf... · 3 Main Groups Animal-Like Protists (Protozoans): Paramecium & Amoebas Plant-Like Protists: Algae Fungus-Like Protists:

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KINGDOM PROTISTA - biology.mwit.ac.th · PROTISTA -> PROTISTs Animal like protists -> Protozoa Plant like protists -> Algae Fungi like protists -> Slime mold

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Kingdom Protista - mstandring.weebly.commstandring.weebly.com/uploads/4/5/1/7/45176721/the_protists... · fungus-like protists. The protists were the first _____ cells, and they evolved

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Kingdom Protista. Protists Can be divided into plant-like, animal- like, and fungus-like groups Important members of the phytoplankton and zooplankton.

Kingdom Protista. Protists Can be divided into plant-like, animal- like, and fungus-like groups Important members of the phytoplankton and zooplankton.

11 C Fungus like protists ► Fungus like protists Heterotrophic, need moist environments Cell walls of cellulose (not chitin) Motile Example: water.

11 C Fungus like protists ► Fungus like protists Heterotrophic, need moist environments Cell walls of cellulose (not chitin) Motile Example: water.

Fungus-like protists Fungi and animals share a common ancestor with amoebozoans (amoebae + slime molds)

Fungus-like protists Fungi and animals share a common ancestor with amoebozoans (amoebae + slime molds)

Slime Molds & Water Molds Fungus Like Protists. Funguslike Protists Heterotrophs Absorb nutrients from dead or decaying organic matter Lack the chitin.

Slime Molds & Water Molds Fungus Like Protists. Funguslike Protists Heterotrophs Absorb nutrients from dead or decaying organic matter Lack the chitin.