Ch.10 Imperialism

America Claims an

Empire

ImperialismThe policy in which stronger nations take over weaker onesEconomic: new markets, natural resourcesPolitical: gain colonies, power, statusMilitary: compete in arms race,powerBelief in racial/ cultural superiority of people of European descent (Anglo/Saxon)

Global ImperialismEurope: had colonies for centuries

Britain had the most colonies around the world, controlled a 25% of world’s land and people.

Other nations wanted pieces for themselves.

African ImperialismEurope: had colonies for centuries

Africa prime target in 19th centuryRich in natural resources, provided new markets.

Only independent nations in AfricaWere Liberia and Ethiopia

Asian Imperialism: Japan industrialized, modernized

its government, built up its military.

Needed natural resources, looked to China for trade.

Other nations had begun to divide China into exclusive trade regions.

U.S. Imperialism

Ch.10 Imperialism

Economic Reasons

American farmers has produced a surplus of goods

Needed new markets to sell stuff

Needed raw materials for factories

Solution: foreign trade

Military Reasons Alfred MahanWanted to build up

American navyDefend peacetime shipping

lanesNeeded to establish naval

bases in Pacific and Caribbean

U.S. became 3rd largest naval power

Superiority

Some Americans combined thephilosophy of Social Darwinism(survivial of fittest) with free-market competition ( private ownership of business)

withracial superiority to justify

imperialism

Anti- ImperialismCost too much in military

protection

Dominated peoples didn’t have same

rights as American citizens

Some Americans saw imperialism as a threat to Anglo-Saxon culture

U.S. Takes Hawaii

Ch.10 Imperialism

Hawaii’s Economy

75% of wealth from sugar plantations

Plantations owned by Americans

Labor imported from Japan/ China

Hawaii’s Economy

1875 no duty on Hawaiian sugar

1887 king forced to grant voting rights to only wealthy landowners

1887 U.S. gained rights to Pearl Harbor

Hawaii’s Economy

1890 McKinley Tariff eliminated the duty-free status of Hawaiian sugarHawaiian sugar had to compete with other sugar growers, especially CubaAnnexation of Hawaii would mean Hawaiian sugar would become duty-free

Deposing the Queen

Queen Lil wanted to:

end property qualifications for voting

Restore power to native Hawaiians

Queen Lili’uokalani

“The cause of Hawaiian independence is larger and dearer than the life of any man connected with it. Love of country is deep seated in the breast of every Hawaiian, whatever his station.”

Deposing the Queen

The Americans sugar growers :

Organized a revolt against the Queen 1893

Queen Lil was arrested

Sanford Dole became the temporary president of Hawaii

Sanford Dole

                                                       

Grover Cleveland

William McKinley

“The New Temptation on the Mount: “ Behold all this I will give thee, if thou wilt fall down and worship me.” A “World- Wide Empire” including Hawaii and the Philippines, is offered on the horizon.

Republic of HawaiiPres. Cleveland wanted the queen restored to power.

Dole refused to give up power.

Cleveland recognized the Republic of Hawaii, but refused to annex Hawaii.

1897 Pres. McKinley made Hawaii an American territory.

Sources

http://www.smplanet.com/imperialism/toc.html