CH. 8 SEC 1CH. 8 SEC 1

THE ROCK CYCLETHE ROCK CYCLE

Goal /PurposeGoal /Purpose

• Students will learn that evidence from rocks allows us to the understand evolution of life on earth

• Students will also learn how the rock cycle and movement of earths plates have changed over time

BIG IDEASBIG IDEAS

• GEOLOGY- IS THE STUDY OF THE STRUCTURE OF PLANET EARTH AND THE FORCES THAT MAKE AND SHAPE EARTH.

• EROSION- OCCURS WHEN RUNNING WATER, ICE, OR WIND BREAK DOWN ROCKS AND CARRY PIECES AWAY.

EROSIONEROSION

BIG IDEASBIG IDEAS

• UNIFORMITARIANISM- HUTTON’S PRINCIPLE THAT STATES THE GEOLOGIC PROCESSES THAT OPERATE TODAY ALSO OPERATED IN THE PAST.

• KEY- ANCIENT ROCKS CAN BE UNDERSTOOD BY OBSERVING PRESENT DAY GEOLOGIC PROCESSES.

TYPES OF ROCKSTYPES OF ROCKS

• KEY- GEOLOGISTS CLASSIFY ROCKS INTO THREE MAIN GROUPS- IGNEOUS, SEDIMENTARY, AND METAMORPHIC.

• IGNEOUS ROCKS- FORM WHEN MOLTEN MATERIAL FROM BENEATH THE EARTH’S SURFACE COOLS AND HARDENS AND MAY FORM ON OR BELOW THE EARTH SURFACE.

IGNEOUS ROCKSIGNEOUS ROCKS

TYPES OF ROCKSTYPES OF ROCKS

• SEDIMENTARY ROCKS- IS MADE WHEN SEDIMENTS THAT HAVE BEEN DEPOSITED AND THEN PRESSED TOGETHER TO FORM SOLID ROCK.

• KEY- MOST SEDIMENTS ARE TINY PIECES OF ROCKS AND MINERALS

SEDIMENTARY ROCKSSEDIMENTARY ROCKS

TYPES OF ROCKSTYPES OF ROCKS

• METAMORPHIC ROCKS- FORMS WHEN AN EXISTING ROCK IS CHANGED BY HEAT, PRESSURE, OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS.

• KEY- MOST METAMORPHIC ROCK FORMS UNDER PRESSURE DEEP UNDERGROUND

METAMORPHIC ROCKMETAMORPHIC ROCK

THE ROCK CYCLETHE ROCK CYCLE• KEY- FORCES INSIDE EARTH AND AT

THE SURFACE PRODUCE A ROCK CYCLE THAT BUILDS, CHANGES, AND DESTROYS ROCKS.

ROCK CYCLEROCK CYCLE

• VOLCANIC ACTIVITY- MAGMA (molten material) HARDENS UNDERGROUND OR ON THE SURFACE FORMING IGNEOUS ROCK.

• EX- GRANITE, BASALT

• EROSION- WEARS AWAY MOUNTAINS EXPOSING ROCKS AND BREAKING THEM DOWN

CONTDCONTD

• DEPOSITION- STEAMS CARRY PARTICLES OF ROCK AND FORM SEDIMENT. THE LAYERS PRESS TOGETHER TO FORM SEDIMENTARY ROCK

• HEAT AND PRESSURE- LAYERS OF SEDIMENT ARE PILED AND PRESSURE INCREASES FORMING A METAMORPHIC ROCK LIKE QUARTZITE

• MELTING- FORCES INSIDE THE EARTH CAN FORCE ALL THREE TYPES BENEATH THE SURFACE WHERE HEAT AND PRESSURE MELT THE ROCK AND BEGIN TO FORM NEW ROCK

THE ROCK CYCLETHE ROCK CYCLE

QUESTIONS AND AnswersQUESTIONS AND Answers

• 1-ABC• 2-ABC• http://www.brainpop.com/science/earthsystem/

erosion/• http://www.brainpop.com/science/earthsystem/

rockcycle/• http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?

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