Ch 8 - Chemical Reactions. Types of Reactions There are five types of chemical reactions we will...
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Transcript of Ch 8 - Chemical Reactions. Types of Reactions There are five types of chemical reactions we will...
![Page 1: Ch 8 - Chemical Reactions. Types of Reactions There are five types of chemical reactions we will talk about: 1. 1. Combination (or synthesis) reactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070306/5519c89b550346695e8b49c9/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Ch 8 - Chemical Reactions
![Page 2: Ch 8 - Chemical Reactions. Types of Reactions There are five types of chemical reactions we will talk about: 1. 1. Combination (or synthesis) reactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070306/5519c89b550346695e8b49c9/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Types of ReactionsTypes of Reactions
• There are five types of chemical reactions we will talk about:
1. Combination (or synthesis) reactions2. Decompositition reactions3. Single replacement reactions4. Double replacement reactions5. Combustion reactions
• You need to be able to identify the type of reaction and predict the product(s)
![Page 3: Ch 8 - Chemical Reactions. Types of Reactions There are five types of chemical reactions we will talk about: 1. 1. Combination (or synthesis) reactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070306/5519c89b550346695e8b49c9/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
1. Combination reactions1. Combination reactions• Combination reactions occur when
two substances (generally elements) combine and form a compound. reactant + reactant 1 product• A + B AB• Example: 2H2 + O2 2H2O
• Example: C + O2 CO2
![Page 4: Ch 8 - Chemical Reactions. Types of Reactions There are five types of chemical reactions we will talk about: 1. 1. Combination (or synthesis) reactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070306/5519c89b550346695e8b49c9/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Combination ReactionsCombination Reactions
• Here is another example of a combination reaction
![Page 5: Ch 8 - Chemical Reactions. Types of Reactions There are five types of chemical reactions we will talk about: 1. 1. Combination (or synthesis) reactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070306/5519c89b550346695e8b49c9/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
PracticePractice
• Complete and balance:• Sodium metal reacts with chlorine gas Na(s) + Cl2(g) • Solid Magnesium reacts with fluorine
gas Mg(s) + F2(g) • Aluminum metal reacts with fluorine
gas Al(s) + F2(g)
![Page 6: Ch 8 - Chemical Reactions. Types of Reactions There are five types of chemical reactions we will talk about: 1. 1. Combination (or synthesis) reactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070306/5519c89b550346695e8b49c9/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
2. Decomposition Reactions2. Decomposition Reactions• Decomposition reactions occur
when a compound breaks up into elements
• 1 Reactant Product + Product • AB A + B• Example: 2 H2O 2H2 + O2
• Example: 2 HgO 2Hg + O2
![Page 7: Ch 8 - Chemical Reactions. Types of Reactions There are five types of chemical reactions we will talk about: 1. 1. Combination (or synthesis) reactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070306/5519c89b550346695e8b49c9/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Decomposition ReactionsDecomposition Reactions
• Another view of a decomposition reaction:
![Page 8: Ch 8 - Chemical Reactions. Types of Reactions There are five types of chemical reactions we will talk about: 1. 1. Combination (or synthesis) reactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070306/5519c89b550346695e8b49c9/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
PracticePractice
• Complete and balance:• Solid Lead (IV) oxide decomposes
• Aluminum nitride decomposes
![Page 9: Ch 8 - Chemical Reactions. Types of Reactions There are five types of chemical reactions we will talk about: 1. 1. Combination (or synthesis) reactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070306/5519c89b550346695e8b49c9/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
PracticePractice
Identify the type of reaction for each of the following synthesis or decomposition reactions, and write the balanced equation:
N2(g) + O2(g)
BaCl2(s)
Co(s)+ S(s)
NI3(s)
(make Co be +3)
Nitrogen monoxide
![Page 10: Ch 8 - Chemical Reactions. Types of Reactions There are five types of chemical reactions we will talk about: 1. 1. Combination (or synthesis) reactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070306/5519c89b550346695e8b49c9/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
3. Single Replacement Reactions3. Single Replacement Reactions
• Single Replacement Reactions occur when one element replaces another in a compound.
• Element A + compd BC element B + Compd AC
A + BC AC + B (if A is a metal) A + BC BA + C (if A is a halogen)
H2O → H+ and OH-
(not H+ and O-2 !!)
![Page 11: Ch 8 - Chemical Reactions. Types of Reactions There are five types of chemical reactions we will talk about: 1. 1. Combination (or synthesis) reactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070306/5519c89b550346695e8b49c9/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Single Replacement ReactionsSingle Replacement Reactions
• Another view:
![Page 12: Ch 8 - Chemical Reactions. Types of Reactions There are five types of chemical reactions we will talk about: 1. 1. Combination (or synthesis) reactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070306/5519c89b550346695e8b49c9/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Single Replacement ReactionsSingle Replacement Reactions
• Complete and balance:• Zinc metal reacts with hydrochloric
acid Zn(s) + HCl(aq) ZnCl2 +
H2(g)
Note: Zinc replaces the hydrogen ion in the reaction
2
![Page 13: Ch 8 - Chemical Reactions. Types of Reactions There are five types of chemical reactions we will talk about: 1. 1. Combination (or synthesis) reactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070306/5519c89b550346695e8b49c9/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Single Replacement ReactionsSingle Replacement Reactions• Sodium chloride solid reacts with fluorine
gas NaCl(s) + F2(g) NaF(s) + Cl2(g)
• Aluminum reacts with aqueous copper (II) nitrate
2 2
![Page 14: Ch 8 - Chemical Reactions. Types of Reactions There are five types of chemical reactions we will talk about: 1. 1. Combination (or synthesis) reactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070306/5519c89b550346695e8b49c9/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
4. Double Replacement Reactions4. Double Replacement Reactions
• Double Replacement Reactions occur when a metal replaces a metal in a compound and a nonmetal replaces a nonmetal in a compound
AB + CD AD + CB
![Page 15: Ch 8 - Chemical Reactions. Types of Reactions There are five types of chemical reactions we will talk about: 1. 1. Combination (or synthesis) reactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070306/5519c89b550346695e8b49c9/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Double Replacement ReactionsDouble Replacement Reactions
• Think about it like “foil”ing in algebra, first and last ions go together + inside ions go together
• Example: AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(s) AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq)
• Another example:K2SO4(aq) + Ba(NO3)2(aq) KNO3(aq) + BaSO4(s)
2
![Page 16: Ch 8 - Chemical Reactions. Types of Reactions There are five types of chemical reactions we will talk about: 1. 1. Combination (or synthesis) reactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070306/5519c89b550346695e8b49c9/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Solubility TableSolubility Table
![Page 17: Ch 8 - Chemical Reactions. Types of Reactions There are five types of chemical reactions we will talk about: 1. 1. Combination (or synthesis) reactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070306/5519c89b550346695e8b49c9/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
PracticePractice
• Predict the products. Balance the equation
1. HCl(aq) + AgNO3(aq)
2. CaCl2(aq) + Na3PO4(aq)
3. Pb(NO3)2(aq) + BaCl2(aq)
4. FeCl3(aq) + NaOH(aq)
5. H2SO4(aq) + NaOH(aq)
6. KOH(aq) + CuSO4(aq)
![Page 18: Ch 8 - Chemical Reactions. Types of Reactions There are five types of chemical reactions we will talk about: 1. 1. Combination (or synthesis) reactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070306/5519c89b550346695e8b49c9/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
1. CaCl2(aq) + Na3PO4(aq)
2. Pb(NO3)2(aq) + BaCl2(aq)
![Page 19: Ch 8 - Chemical Reactions. Types of Reactions There are five types of chemical reactions we will talk about: 1. 1. Combination (or synthesis) reactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070306/5519c89b550346695e8b49c9/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
5. Combustion Reactions5. Combustion Reactions
• Combustion reactions occur when a hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen gas.
![Page 20: Ch 8 - Chemical Reactions. Types of Reactions There are five types of chemical reactions we will talk about: 1. 1. Combination (or synthesis) reactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070306/5519c89b550346695e8b49c9/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Combustion ReactionsCombustion Reactions• For burning hydrocarbons:
• CnHn+2 + O2 CO2 + H2O
• Products of complete combustion are ALWAYS carbon dioxide and water.
![Page 21: Ch 8 - Chemical Reactions. Types of Reactions There are five types of chemical reactions we will talk about: 1. 1. Combination (or synthesis) reactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070306/5519c89b550346695e8b49c9/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Combustion Combustion ReactionsReactions
Edgar Allen Poe’s drooping eyes and mouth are potential signs of CO poisoning.
![Page 22: Ch 8 - Chemical Reactions. Types of Reactions There are five types of chemical reactions we will talk about: 1. 1. Combination (or synthesis) reactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070306/5519c89b550346695e8b49c9/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
CombustionCombustion
• Example:• C5H12 + O2 CO2 + H2O
• Complete and balance:• C10H22 + O2
5 68
![Page 23: Ch 8 - Chemical Reactions. Types of Reactions There are five types of chemical reactions we will talk about: 1. 1. Combination (or synthesis) reactions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070306/5519c89b550346695e8b49c9/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Mixed PracticeMixed Practice
• State the type, predict the products, and balance the following reactions:
1. BaCl2 + H2SO4
2. C6H12 + O2
3. Zn + CuSO4
4. Cs + Br2
5. FeCl3