CERTS MicroGrid Symposium Northern Power Systems Update on … · 2014-12-08 · OCR 9093 Z3 CAP99...

Copyright 2005 Northern Power Systems1

CERTS MicroGrid SymposiumNorthern Power SystemsUpdate on Mad River MicroGrid and Related Activities

CERTS MicroGrid SymposiumNorthern Power SystemsUpdate on Mad River MicroGrid and Related Activities

June 17, 2005


MicroGrid Definition (NPS version)

A MicroGrid power system:• Is a local scale power system using micro source

generation scaled either by electrical or thermal output to the local system demand.

• Can serve a customer with multiple load locations, an industrial park, or a campus.

• Is designed to transfer seamlessly between connection with the local utility and isolated operation.

• Provides power reliability and power quality benefits not available from the conventional utility grid system.

• Incorporates communication/aggregation features to allow organization and control of the MicroGrid power system as a single entity.


MicroGrid BenefitsTo Users or Customers:• Economics

– Potential spark spread savings– Thermal energy savings when CHP employed– Potential for economic dispatch of generation assets

• Power reliability & availability– Multiple generation assets– Isolation from local grid problems

• Power quality– Local voltage control– Voltage and current harmonic improvement


To Utilities:• Transmission and distribution support in constrained

areas.• Potential revenue from “premium power” product

offered to customers.• Potential revenue for thermal energy product in addition

to electrical energy.• Can behave as a single interruptible load.• Can behave as a single dispatchable generation

resource.

MicroGrid Benefits


To Society:• Potential for more efficient overall fuel use than

traditional generation.• Potential for reduced emissions compared to

centralized utility system.• Ability to allow high penetration of renewable

generation.• Increased security of overall power delivery

infrastructure.

MicroGrid Benefits


Barriers to Widespread DeploymentTechnical• Limited availability of advanced DG options that

compete economically with recip. engine generators.• Lack of available power conversion systems with

required advanced features needed to enable MicroGrid system operation.

• Need streamlined analysis tools for evaluating high penetration effects on distribution system.

• Need verified and recognized safety/protective relaying methods for both grid connected and isolated operation.


Barriers to Widespread Deployment

Economic & Regulatory• Emerging DG technologies must achieve aggressive

commercialization and cost goals• Need interconnection standards that address

MicroGrid systems (intentional islanding)• Utility policies create barriers to market; should be

partners• No comprehensive method in place to monetize

combined benefits to users, utilities, and to society


Northern’s Roadmap

• Continue current DG commercial activity– On site generation with CHP, including critical load support – Power reliability enhancements– Fleet monitoring and dispatch of assets

• Develop key enabling technologies for advanced DG systems– Advanced power electronics – Fleet aggregation, monitoring and dispatch software– System modeling tools

• Demonstrate MicroGrid feasibility– Lab level 75kW MicroGrid system using power electronics

based assets.– Build and test full scale, real world MicroGrid systems.


Mad River Park MicroGrid System

• Design, install, and test MicroGrid system at Northern’s industrial park.

• System Description– 6 commercial and industrial facilities– 12 residences– Multiple generation assets

• 280kW, 100kW generator sets• 30kW microturbine(s)• Photovoltaic array

– MicroGrid isolation switch for islanded operation– Overall Energy Management system

• DOE funding support for design and commissioning phases of program


Mad River MicroGrid One-Line

Preliminary 1-Line Diagram

Sw

NPS Old Building(Autonomous MicroGrid Member)

Commercial Customer 1(Autonomous MicroGrid Member)

MT

3 houses 2 houses 4 houses 2 houses

CommercialCustomer 3

(534)(533)

FUSE-1729

(UG219)

(1729)

(UG214)

(535)

PCC Control& Protective

Relay

GC

GC

GC

MT

Sw

PV

NPS New Building(Lead MicroGrid Member)

MT

GC

office loads


N. Fayston Road residences:

WEC(7200 V)4-wire

distributionwith multi-

grounded N

Legend

Generator Control

MicroTurbine

Medium Voltage Switch

PR Protective Relay & Metering

EnergyStorage

280 kWPropaneGenset

ET Lab andinternal

microgrid

112.5 kVA3-phase

25 kVAphase C

300 kVA3-phase

500 kVA3-phase


25 kVAphase B

All 3-phase utilitytransformers are wye /wye connected withgrounded neutrals

Office andshop loads


112.5 kVA3-phase

75 kVAphase C


10 kVA eachphase B

Power Router

Power Router

100 kWBiodieselGenset

PR

PR

Future

lighting

CriticalLoads Bus

GenBus

MadGridController

MLD

UC

UC Utility Control

(535) WEC Element Name

100 kWBiodieselGenset


Needs Addressed by Mad River MicroGrid Project

Identified need:• Regulatory agencies and utilities lack experience base to deal with

grid connected MicroGrid systems

Program objectives to address need:• Work through regulatory and legal issues on an actual MicroGrid

system, and develop framework for future projects• Use real world project to demonstrate the operation, protection, and

control of MicroGrid power systems.• Increase overall understanding of the operation of MicroGrid systems

to enable wider market adoption


Identified need:• Modeling and simulation methods available but little verification

against real world MicroGrid systems


Program objectives to address need:• Develop simulation methods for streamlining the design and approval

process• Model overall MicroGrid system and its effect on the distribution

system • Verify analysis tools and modeling methods using a fully functional

MicroGrid system


Identified need:• Current interconnection standards don’t address intentional islanding

DER systems like MicroGrids


Program objectives to address need:• Demonstrate safety/protective relaying control methods for both grid

connected and isolated operation in cooperation with utility partner • Align work with activities of IEEE1547 intentional islanding subgroup• Provide power quality and availability benefits to the power customers

within the Mad River MicroGrid


Technical Approach• Partner with local utility to establish operating modes and

practices, safe service protocols• Model overall distribution circuit to predict effects of MicroGrid

system • Design and install automated isolation switch in 7.2KV utility

feed to allow MicroGrid islanded operation • Install and commission DER assets

– Multiple conventional generator sets– Inverter based generation (PV, microturbines)– Provision for energy storage assets– Flexibility for changing/upgrading DER asset mix over time

• Demonstrate all defined interconnected and islanded operating modes

• Demonstrate and document system operation in full automated mode


Mad River MicroGrid Modeling

• Developed overall distribution system model using PSCAD– Substation– Distribution lines and loads– Utility voltage regulators– MicroGrid isolation switch– MicroGrid assets & controllers

• Simulated system response under multiple operating modes– Baseline mode – match MicroGrid output to critical load needs– 0kW mode – control MicroGrid to net zero power flow at PCC– Export mode – command generators to full rated output

• Simulated operation in normal and fault conditions– Load flow in all modes of operation– Single and three phase fault response– Loss of load response


Distribution System - Moretown Circuit

Moretown Substation:3 x 1200 kVA transformers,

3 x 150A autotransformer voltage regulator

Mad River MicroGridpower network

3 x 100A autotransformer voltage regulator

150 kVAR capacitor banks


Simplified Distribution Circuit ModelXFMR221

3 x 1200 kVA transformer21.24 kV delta / 7.6 kV wye

REG 2223 x 150A grounded wyeautotransformer voltage

regulator

Z1

Z2

OCR9093

Z3

CAP9950 kVARper phase

wye

Z5

Z6

Z7

Z8

CAP10150 kVARper phase

wye

Z10

Z11

Z14

Z15

SS

Z16

Z20

Z21

Z23NPSnew

Z22NPSold

Z17

Z17

Z19Z18

WEC MicroGrid

REG 2123 x 100A wye

autotransformer voltageregulator

NPSGenerators

V0

Z0

Multi-grounded 4-wire distribution

B4DuxburyBranch

B9HarwoodBranch

B12Center

FaystonBranch

B13AirportRoad

Branch

Zgs

Vgs

Zmt

Customer 1Microturbine Vmt

7200 / 480 V500 kVA

7200 / 480 V


Main,Utility : Graphs

8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

100

110

120

130

140

150

160

170

180

y

PWEC(kW) QWEC(kVAR)

2.600

2.650

2.700

2.750

2.800

2.850

2.900

y

Propane_EF (p.u.) Biodiesel_EF (p.u.)

0.950

0.975

1.000

1.025

1.050

1.075

1.100

y

VmadgridSS_A (rms p.u.) VmadgridSS_B (rms p.u.) VmadgridSS_C (rms p.u.)

Real & reactive power at PCC

Gen. field reg. P.u. voltage

VREG2 p.u. voltage setting

Power Export Mode – System Response


Generator p.u. speed

Electrical torque

Generator p.u. voltage

Loss of Load Case – Center Fayston Branch

Main : Graphs

9.0 10.0 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 16.0 17.0

0.940

0.960

0.980

1.000

1.020

1.040

1.060

1.080

1.100

y

VNPS_A (rms p.u) VNPS_B (rms p.u) VNPS_C (rms p.u)

Main : Graphs

9.0 10.0 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 16.0

0.475 0.500 0.525 0.550 0.575 0.600 0.625 0.650 0.675

y

Propane_Tmech (p.u.) Propane_TelecSS (p.u.)

0.500 0.520 0.540 0.560 0.580 0.600 0.620 0.640

y

Biodiesel_Tmech (p.u.) Biodiesel_TelecSS (p.u.)

Main : Graphs

10.0 15.0

0.9900 0.9920 0.9940 0.9960 0.9980 1.0000 1.0020 1.0040 1.0060 1.0080 1.0100

y

Propane_Speed (p.u.) Biodiesel_Speed (p.u.)


Current Mad River MicroGrid Project Status

• Local and regional approvals in place• Finalizing utility MOU • Vermont PSB Certificate of Public Good review

approval anticipated in August timeframe• Preliminary system installation underway• DER and isolation switch installation in Q3 2005• System commissioning in Q4 2005


Interactions and Collaborations• NREL

– Project funding support– Technical Monitor: Ben Kroposki

• State of Vermont– Public Service Board CPG review & approval

• Washington Electric Coop– Interconnecting utility

• E-Pro– Distribution system technical consulting– Environmental consulting– CPG testimony preparation

• Tarrant, Marks, & Gilles– Legal representation– Regulatory approval process support

• MicroGrid system power customers– Active commercial members, with connected DER assets– Passive commercial and residential members– All members gain power quality/reliability benefits


Other Related Programs

• Universal DER interconnection device– NREL/CEC support

• EnergyBridge™ energy storage system– CEC/PIER support

• CERTS microgrid test bed development


Universal DER Interconnection Device

• Funding support through NREL/CEC Distributed Power program

• DER SWITCH project objective:– Develop a DER Utility Interface System that provides a flexible,

universal interface for connecting single or multiple DER systems to the utility

• DER SWITCH project scope:– Incorporate multiple control and power switching functions to

interconnect multiple DER assets into overall system– Minimize custom engineering and site-specific approval

processes– Applicable to DER assets with conventional generators or power

converters– Modular system for maximum flexibility, with control, power and

communication modules


Universal DER Interconnection Device

MTR PCC SG PD L

M&D

PR

M&D

PC

LC

GEPM

M&D

PC

LC

GEPM

L

WEB

Area ElectricPower System

Flexible DER Interface System

Power Network AwareDER Asset

DER Power Network Block Diagram

MTR MeterPCC Point of common couplingSG Switch gear (Power module)PD Power distribution (Power module)PR Protective relaying (Control module)M&D Monitoring & dispatch (Comm. module)PM Prime moverGE DER GeneratorPC Power ConversionLC Local DER device controlL Loads


EnergyBridge™ Energy Storage System

• Funding support through CEC/PIER Advanced Energy Storage program

• Ultracapacitor-based energy storage asset• Focused on short time duration

– 10s of seconds, 95% of outage cases• Multiple applications & benefits:

– Power quality support for critical loads– Support of slower response DG assets in

MicroGrids– Enables higher penetration of DG into both grid

connected and isolated grids


Palmdale Power SystemClearwell“Critical”Loads

~400 kW

NGGenset200 kW

Diesel Back-up1000 kW

Diesel Back-up800 kW

SCE UtilityGrid

Wind Turbine950 kW

Fast Switch

Hypochlorite Treatment

175 kW

Treatment Plant Loads - 150 kW

Water Treatment Plant Loads – 495 kW

Future Loads50 kW

Ave S Booster Loads - 120 kW

Ultracapacitor EnergyBridge2 x 225 kW

225 kW 225 kW

Energy Storage Enhanced MicroGrid Network

M

PQM

PQM

PQM

ClearwellOther Loads

360+ kWHydro

250 kW

M


Other Related Development Activity

• Advanced power converter development– DER applications– Wind turbine applications

• SmartView™ DER energy management system


Advanced Power Electronics

Power converter development by NPS team• 100 kW wind turbine converter system• 15 kW MicroGrid inverter test bed• 1500 kW DDPM wind turbine converter • 2200 kW DDPM modular wind turbine converter• 850 kW DG converter• 450 kW energy storage system converter


DG(Diesel Genset)

480 Vac

208 Vac

480 Vac

208 Vac

480 Vac

208 VacDisconnect

Disconnect

Load LoadLoad

#1 #2 #3 #4 #5DG Inverters

Rectifiers

MicroGrid Power Network Test System


Modular MW converter for DG & wind markets


SmartView® DER Management SystemNorthern system for monitoring and controlling remote power systems


For more information, contact:Jonathan Lynch

(802) 496-2955 ext. [email protected]

Northern Power Systems182 Mad River Park

Waitsfield, Vermont 05673 USAwww.northernpower.com

CERTS MicroGrid Symposium Northern Power Systems Update on … · 2014-12-08 · OCR 9093 Z3 CAP99...

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Transcript of CERTS MicroGrid Symposium Northern Power Systems Update on … · 2014-12-08 · OCR 9093 Z3 CAP99...