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Presented by: Qurat-ul-Ain

DPT 1st year

Ziauddin University

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What are cells?What is a cell?

Where do we find cells?

Cell: a cell is a basic unit of structure and function oflife. In other words, cells make up living things andcarry out activities that keep a living thing alive.

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Cells ContinuedWhat makes a cell?

A cell is a living thing.

Cells are able to make more cells like themselves. Interesting fact! New cells can only come from existing

cells (cells that are already made).

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The CellAnimals are made up of many different types of cells.

The structures I am about to introduce to you arefound in a typical cell.

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Animal Cell terms/Structures

Cell membrane: The cellmembrane surrounds the cell.

Think of the membrane as a gatekeeper,it only allows some materials to passthrough, but keeps others out.

Cytoplasm: This is a gel-likefluid, that takes up most of the spaceinside a cell.

Cytoplasm kind of looks like jell-o.

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Terms/Structures continuedNucleus: The nucleus is a structure usuallylocated near the center of the cell.

The nucleus is a home to the cells

chromosomes. What are chromosomes youask?Chromosomes: They are genetic structures

that contain information to make new cells.

Basically, the instructions for how to make newcells.

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Terms/Structures continuedNuclear membrane: This surroundsand protects the nucleus. The nucleus has itsown protector.

Nucleolus: This structure is found insidethe nucleus. It is responsible for making

ribosomes. We will get to this term in abit. Thanks for your patience!

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Terms/Structures continued Vacuoles: These are fluid-filled structuresused to store different substances. In animalcells there are often many small vacuoles.

Mitochondria: Powerhouses of the

cell.

This is a very important structure. They helptake the food the cell ate (for breakfast, lunch, ordinner), and turn the it into energy. The energy

is needed to carry out activities.

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Terms/Structures continued

Endoplasmic reticulum andribosomes:

These 2 structures work together producing importantproducts for the cell.

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Terms/Structures continuedGolgi bodies: These help package products in

the cell and then give them out around the cell.

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Lysosome Lysosomes are cellular organelles that contain

acid hydrolase enzymes to break down waste materialsand cellular debris.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organellehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrolasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrolasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organelle

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Peroxisome It is membrane limited vesicals.

Pinched off from golgi apparatus.

Play imp role in bile acid. Has catalase enzyme for catabolism.

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Cytoskeleton

That determine the shape of the cell and give supportto the cell.

Cytoskeleton consist three major proteins.A. Microtubules.B. Intermediate filament.

C. Microfilament.

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THE END!!! Thank you for your cooperation and attention!! Hope you learned some new, exciting things.

Please sit quietly while I get ready for more fun!