Cell Division Gone Wrong

Mutations

A permanent change in the sequence of DNA of a gene

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Progeria

Hypertrichosis

Proteus syndrome

Cancer A broad group of diseases that result in

uncontrolled cell division.

Cancer Why does it keep dividing?

The cells checkpoints might fail to identify problems or kill off the cell. As a result...

Cancer

Tumour – a rapidly growing mass of cells

Cancer Benign tumour – the cells stay together and

have no serious effect on surrounding tissues. Malignant tumour – the cells interfere with

the function of neighbouring cells and tissues

Benign tumorMalignant tumour

Cancer Metastasis – occurs when cancer cells break

away from the original tumour and move to a different part of the body.

Causes of Cancer

1. Mutations – random changes that occur in the DNA while it is being duplicated.

Causes of Cancer

2. Carcinogens – are environmental factors that cause mutations. Tobacco Plastics Radiation

X-rays Sunlight

Smoking and Cancer

What else does smoking affect?? Lungs Lips Tongue Fingers Trachea Throat

Causes of Cancer

3. Some cancers can be hereditary depending on whether or not you obtain that portion of DNA from your parents. Ex. Breast cancer, colon cancer

Causes of Cancer 4. Infections & Viruses

Virus enters cell and ‘highjacks’ it to reproduce Some viruses insert their own DNA inside the host

cell, causing it to become cancerous

Cancer Screening

This involves checking for cancer even if there are no symptoms. This is important to catch cancer at an early stage. ABCD (asymmetry, border, colour, diameter)

Cancer Fighting ‘Super Foods’