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Training CenterTraining Center

CDMA Technology TrainingProgram

Telkom TrainingCenter

Telkom TrainingCenter

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CONTENTSCONTENTS

Technical Overview of thecdma2000

Key Design CharacteristicsRadio & Network Components

Packet Data Service forcdma2000

CDMA2000 Link StructureForward Link

Reverse Link

MAC & LAC

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Technical Overviewof the

cdma2000

Technical Overviewof the

cdma2000

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PDC

GSM

cdmaOne

IS-95A

HSCSD GPRS

cdmaOne

IS-95B

57.6 Kbps 115 Kbps

1998 1999

EDGE

384 Kbps

2001

IMT-2000

ITU

UMTS/

WCDMA

Cdma2000

IS-95C 1X, 3X

DS FDD 2002

MC FDD 2002

Harmonized wideband CDMA standard

2000

64 Kbps

2G 2.5G 3G

19.2 kbps 64 - 144 kbps 0.144 - 2 Mbps

Cellular Technology EvolutionPath

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IS-95AVoice

Low speeddata

IS-95BVoice

Medium speeddata

cdma2000-1XVoice Capacity

Higher SpeedData Introduction of

PCN

Cdma2000 1xEVPhase 1

DataOptimizedDedicated-data

carrier (overlay)

Cdma2000 1xEVPhase 2

Voice & DataCapacity

Multi-service

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

2003 2004

Circuit & PacketData 9.6 /

14.4 kbps

Performanceenhancement &

access robustnessPacket Data with

64 kbps

MAC supportVoice Capacitydoubles 2x

battery lifePacket Data

144 kbps 153 kbps

Up to 2 Mbps datarate non-real time

applications2 (1.25

MHz) carriersrequirement

Advanced MACVoice capacity

doubles realtime applications

All in one-carrier

cdmaOneTM Evolution to 3G(cdma2000TM )

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Cdma2000 adalah suatu platform teknologiwireless yang merupakan bagian darispesifikasi IMT-2000 dan merupakan perluasandari platform teknologi cdmaOne yangmenggunakan standar IS-95A/B danJ-STD-008.

Sistem cdma2000 dapat dioperasikan secaraekonomis dalam berbagai macam lingkungan,termasuk :

Outdoor megacells (cell > 35 km radius)

Outdoor macrocells (cell 1-35 km radius)

Indoor/outdoor microcells (up to 1 kmradius)

Indoor/outdoor picocells (< 50 m radius)

Technical Overview ofCDMA2000

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Sistem cdma2000 mendukung :

Berbagai macam lingkungan operasi

Berbagai macam laju transmisi

Berbagai macam layanan yang lebih

advancedKemampuan mengendalikan QoS Multimedia

Interoperability tanpa batas dan kemampuanhandoff dengan sistem TIA/EIA-95-B eksisting.

Evolusi yang mulus dari sistem berbasisTIA/EIA-95-B eksisting.

Penggelaran yang sangat optimal dan efisien.

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New Terminology in CDMA2000

Spreading Rate 1 (1X)

Spreading Rate 3 (3X)Multi-carrier (MC)

Transmit Diversity

Radio Configurations (RC)

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1.25 MHzIS-95 ForwardChannel

1.25 MHzCDMA2000-1X Forward

Channel

1.25MHz

1.25MHz

1.25MHz

5 MHz

CDMA2000-3X ForwardChannel

GuardBand

GuardBand

1.25 MHzIS-95 ReverseChannel

1.25 MHzCDMA2000-1X Reverse

Channel

5 MHz

CDMA2000-3X ReverseChannel

GuardBand

SpectrumRequirements

GuardBand

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Suatu fitur opsional dari cdma2000 untukmemperbaiki performansi sistem di dalamlingkungan radio tertentu, dengan mengirimkansinyal forward link pada multiple antena.

Dua tipe yang distandarkan

- Orthogonal Transmit Diversity (OTD)

- Space Time Spreading (STS)

Didefinisikan dalam Release A

- Opsional untuk BTS

- Opsional untuk Mobile

Transmit Diversity

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Radio Configuration

Format transmisi F-TCH dan R-TCH, yang dicirikandengan karakteristik-karakteristik sbb :

Rate Set

Spreading Rate

Channel Coding (Turbo atau Convolutional)

Channel Coding rate

Modulation (QPSK/BPSK)

CDMA2000 Radio Configurations :

RC1 - RC9 pada Forward Link

RC1 - RC6 pada Reverse Link

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Kapasitas dan performansi yang lebihmeningkat

Coherent pilot based reverse link

Continuous reverse link waveform

fast power control pada forward danreverse links Auxiliary Pilots

Laju data dari 1.2 kbps sampai lebih dari2 Mbps

Mendukung berbagai macam bandwidthkanal RF :

1.25 MHz

3.75 MHz

7.5 MHz

11.25 MHz

Karakteristik Disain

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Advanced Medium Access Control (MAC)

Menyediakan layanan data kecepatan tinggi

yang sangat efektif Layer fisik yang dioptimalkan untuk operasi

MAC

Dedicated Control Channel (DCCH)

Variable packet data control channel framing (5and 20 ms)

Akses layanan data paket yang cepat melaluikanal paging dan kanal akses yang lebih maju(Common Control Channel - CCCH)

Turbo Code untuk meningkatkan kapasitaspada laju transmisi yang lebih tinggi

Alternatif signalling interface radio yangfleksibel

Backward compatibility to TIA/EIA-95-B

Native cdma2000 Upper Layer Signalling

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Forward Link transmit diversity

Mendukung mode Frequency DivisionDuplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex

(TDD)

Mendukung mekanisme handoff antarasistem cdma2000 dan sistem 2G

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Advantages of CDMA2000 :

Increased Voice CapacityHigher Data Throughput

Frequency Band Flexibility

Increased Battery Life

Synchronization

Power ControlSoft Hand-off

Transmission Diversity

Voice and Data Channels

Traffic Channels

Supplemental Channels

Turbo Coding

Connectivity to ANSI-41, GSM-MAP, and IPnetworks

Full backward compatibility

Improved service multiplexing and QoSmanagement

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Radio and NetworkComponentsRadio and NetworkComponents

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Public

Telephone

Network

IP Network

ME

BTS

BTS BSC

BSC

SMS - SC

HLR

MSC

PDSN

AAA

HA

ROUTER

ROUTER

FIREWALL

CDMA2000

ARCHITECTURE

Voice

Network

Data

Network

ME

i ii i

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BSC

MSC

WIN HLR

PSTN

PDSNRouter

Fire Wall

Switch

AAAHA

Internet

Private/PDN

IWF

PLMNGAN

NMS DNS

BSM

DataCommunicati

on Network

BaseStation

Subsystem

NetworkSwitchingSubsystem

CDMA2000-1X Network Configuration(SAMSUNG Specific)

T i i CT i i C

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Base Transceiver Station (BTS)Base Transceiver Station (BTS)

Functional Description

Bertanggung jawab mengalokasikan kanal (Walsh code) dandaya (power) untuk konsumsi pelanggan.

Mempunyai perangkat radio fisik yang digunakan untuk

mengirim dan menerima sinyal cdma2000.

Base Station Controller (BSC)Base Station Controller (BSC)

Bertanggung jawab untuk mengontrol semua BTS yang adadi bawah pengawasannya.

Merutingkan paket dari BTS ke PDSN atau dari PDSN ke BTS. Merutingkan trafik TDM ke circuit-switched platform (MSC).

T i i C tT i i C t

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GAN (General ATM switch Network)GAN (General ATM switch Network)

Jalur komunikasi dan jalur handoff antar BSC.

Jalur Operasi & Pemeliharaan sistem. R-P Interface.

BSM (Base Station Manager)BSM (Base Station Manager)

Menyediakan fungsi Operasi & Pemeliharaan untuk GAN,

BSC dan BTS.

Memonitor status GAN, BSC dan BTS serta mengirimkanperintah-perintah yang diperlukan.

PDSN (Packet Data Serving Node)PDSN (Packet Data Serving Node)

Menyediakan akses ke Internet, Intranet dan WAP Server

bagi Mobile Station yang menggunakan CDMA2000 RAN.

Bertindak sebagai suatu gerbang akses untuk layanan-layanan data paket Simple IP dan Mobile IP.

Bertindak sebagai AAA (Authentication, Authorization,Accounting) Client.

T i i C tT i i C t

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AAA (Authentication, Authorization, Accounting)AAA (Authentication, Authorization, Accounting)

Berkomunikasi dengan PDSN lewat IP dan melakukan fungsi-fungsi utama : Authentication, Authorization & Accounting.

Dapat bertindak sebagai suatu proxy client bagi server-server yang lain.

HA (Home Agent)HA (Home Agent)

Bertanggung jawab untuk menerima semua pesan registrasiMobile IP dari MS melalui PDSN.

Tracking lokasi pelanggan Mobile IP, ketika bergerak darizona paket satu ke zona paket yang lain.

NMS (Network Management System)NMS (Network Management System)

Sistem yang mengelola PDSN dan Home Agent.

Menggunakan software aplikasi Total Control Manager danMedia Gateway Manager.

T i i C tT i i C t

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Packet Data Servicesin a cdma2000Network

Packet Data Servicesin a cdma2000Network


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Arsitektur Jaringan Data Paket

Airlink R-PInterface

Mobile-IP

Mobile

User

Radio

AccessNetwork

Data Core

Network IP Network

TE2 MT 2 BTS

BSC MSC

IWF

GAN

PDSN(FA)

AAAServer NMS

PDGN(HA)

Internet

ISP

HomeNetwork

VPN

PDGN(HA)

AAAServer

PDGN(HA)

AAAServer

PDGN(HA)

AAAServer

TE2 : Note Book PC

Rm : RS-232E

MT2 : Mobile Phone orPDA

Um : IS-2000

Abis : E1

A : E1

L : E1

A10/11 : Fast Ethernet

A8/A9

A8/A9

A L

Rm

Um

A10/11

DNS/DHCP

WAPPortal

WAPProxy

Gateway


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Protocol Reference Model

MIP MIP MIP

UDP UDP UDP

IP IP IP

PPP PPP

LAC LAC AAL5 AAL5GRE

GRE

MIP

MIP

MIP

MIP

MAC MAC ATM ATMIP IP

Link

Layer

Link

Layer

LinkLayer

LinkLayer

IS-2000 IS-2000 PHY PHY PHY PHY PHY PHY

MS BSC GAN PDSN PDGN


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Interfaces

R P Interface

Physical/Link Layer : 100Mbps fast Ethernet

Network Layer : Internet Protocol

MIP : 3G IOS v4.0.0, RFC2002 GRE : 3G IOS v4.0.0, RFC1701, GAN PDSN in User

Data

ATP RPP : BSC GAN, 155Mbps ATM Switch

BSC MSC

PI : PDSN External Network


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Packet Data Definitions

Packet Data Call : Air traffic channel Setup State

Voice / Data Call Service Option (OriginationMSG)

Packet Data Session : MS PDSN PPP SetupState

Active / Dormant Call BSC (300sec) or MN(2~255sec)

Types : Simple IP, Mobile IP

Packet Data Called


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Security

Security

Authentication

Data Encryption

Authentication

Mobile Node Authentication

Simple IP User Authentication

Mobile IP User Authentication

Between NEs Authentication Encryption

Ingress Address Filtering


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Accounting

RadioNode

PDSN AAAServer

Accounting : IS-835, RFC2139(RADIUS)

R-P Interface

Airlink Recordsi.e. Session ID, Sequence

Number, MSID, ServingPCF, BS/MSC ID

Usage Data RecordsPDSN adds more infoand sends completeUDR


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Mobility Management

Packet Handoffs

Link Layer Mobility : per PDSN

Network Layer Mobility : per Home Agent

Mobile Stations Operation Packet Zone : PCF (GAN) Area

Reactivation / Deactivation

Handoff : Inter-BTS, Inter-BSC, Inter-PCF, Inter-

PDSN, Inter-PZ


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DCN System Network Diagram

BSC

BSC

PCF(BHPA)

DCN (Data Core Network)

PDSN(FA)

Switching Hub(100 Mbps)

PDGN(HA)

FastEthernet

Gateway

Router

Internet

AAA WAP

NMS

DNS

Cisco 7200VXR

Cisco 7200VXR

Cisco 2600 Series

Catalyst 2950


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PDSN Fungsi Kunci

Access gateway for CDMA intoIP

Simple IP and Mobile IP access

Client for AAA server

IPCPIP address assignment Simple IPPDSN

Mobile IPHA to PDSN/FA toMS

R-P interfaceA10/A11 GRE-

AAA

HA

IPnetwork

IPnetwork

End

host

PDSN / FABSC/PCFBTS

RAN

Mobile

station

RAN=Radio Access Network; PCF=Packet ControlFunction; IPCP=Internet Protocol Control Protocol

Representsnon-Ciscoequipment


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PDSN - Foreign AgentFunctions

PDSN / FA

HA

BSC,

PCF

BTSMobile

station

Mobility Visitor Table:

MN COA

1.1.1.3 10.31.1.1

1.1.1.7 10.31.1.1

Mobility Visitor Table:

MN COA

1.1.1.3 10.31.1.1

1.1.1.7 10.31.1.1

IPnetwork

1.1.1.3

End host

10.31.1.1


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PDGN (HA) Function

System Configuration

HA adalah perangkat yang mempunyai fungsi HA dari Mobile IP.

Spesifikasi hardware sama seperti PDSN. Fungsi HA diperoleh denganmenginstal HA software

Performance & Capability

Throughput : 50 Mbps

Capability : Support maximum 10000 tunnels

Main Function

Mobile IP function (HA function)

Packet Interception & Tunneling functionRADIUS Client function

IP address allocation


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AAA RADIUS Server Function & Features

RADIUS is a standard for performing AAAservices, referenced in following RFCs: RFC 2139: RADIUS Accounting

RFC 2865: RADIUS protocol (obsoletes RFC 2138)

RADIUS provides the following features: A single database to manage users needing dial-inconnections

A client/server platform

Network security through authentication

Flexible authentication support

RADIUS=Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service

AAA=Authorization, Authentication, and Accounting


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PDSN AAA Support

AAA has threekey functions:

Authentication

Authorization

AccountingMobile

node

Home

agentForeign

agent

COA

Home

AAA server

RADIUS

Internet

Local

AAA server

RADIUS

COA=Care-of-Address


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gg

NMS Server OAM&P View

Traps

APIs

Statistics

Network Operations Centre (NOC)

Service Providers OSS

DB

CW4MWCV PDSNPackage

CiscoWorks

2000

DB

MWFM

SNMP/Syslog

APIs Traps

RANVendor

OMC

MS BSC,

PCFBTS

Radio Access Network(RAN)

IPNetwork

IPNetwork

Cisco PDSN/

Foreign Agent

Cisco Home

Agent


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gg

Packet Data Transport Process

Flow

Packet Data Transport Process

Flow Layanan data cdma2000 dibagi dalam dua kategori :- Circuit-Switched

- Packet Switched

Data circuit-switched ditangani secara efektif seperti halnya

voice, sedangkan untuk data paket menggunakan PDSNsebagai interface antara air interface data transport danfixed network transport.

Interface PDSN ke Base Station dilakukan melalui suatuPacket Control Function (PCF), yang bisa kolokasi dengan

BS. CDMA2000 mempunyai tiga kondisi layanan data paket :

- Active/connected

- Dormant

- Null/inactive


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gg

Active/

connected

Dormant

Null/inactive

Active/connected

Dalam kondisi ini ada kanal trafik fisik antara unit pelanggan danBS, dimana data paket dikirim dan diterima dengan carabidirectional.

Dormant

Dalam kondisi ini tidak ada kanal trafik fisik, tetapi link PPP(Point-to-Point Protocol) antara unit pelanggan dan PDSNdipelihara.

Null/inactive

Dalam kondisi ini tidak ada kanal trafik maupun link PPP.


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gg

Establish PPP session to PDSN

Obtain dynamic IP addressfrom PDSN or AAA

Contact all end hosts via PDSN

Keep connection by stayingwithin the range of the localPDSN

RAN

PL

R-P

Airlink

LACMAC

IP

MAC

Airlink

LAC

MS PDSN

PL

LinkLayer

R-P

PL

IP

PPPPPP PPPPPP

IP/IPsec

GREGRE

R-P InterfaceA10/A11 GRE-

AAA

IPnetwork

IPnetwork

End

Host

Pi Interface

PDSNBSC/PCFBTS

RAN

Mobile

Station

Representsnon-Ciscoequipment

Simple IP Function


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gg

Access VPN Operation Overview

SP Network/Internet

POPCorporate

Intranet

Mobile Usersand

Telecommuters

1. VPN identification 2. tunnel to LNS(home gateway)

SecurityServer

3. user authentication4. PPP negotiationwith user

5. end-to-end tunnel

established

LNS

LACPDSN


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Laptop/

mobile node

FA1

FA2

HA

ForeignNetwork 1

ForeignNetwork 2

HomeNetwork

Internet

Laptop/

mobile node

Moved

COA

The Home Agent, Foreign Agent andCOA are analogous to the postal serviceforwarding mail to a new address

Foreign Agent 1

Foreign Agent 2

Home Agent

Mobile IP Reference Model


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CDMA2000 LinkStructure

CDMA2000 LinkStructure


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CDMA2000 PHYSICAL LAYER

Spreading Rate 1 (1X) and Spreading Rate

3 (3X) Logical Channels

Radio Configurations

Many new Physical Channels

Transmit Diversity Pilot Channels

Enhanced Access Channel procedures

Reverse Link Pilot Channel

New Concepts in the cdma2000 Physical Layer


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f-csch

F-

SYNCH

F-PCH

F-BCCH

LogicalChannel

PhysicalChannel

LOGICAL & PHYSICAL

CHANNELS


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Signalling Channels :Dedicated Signalling Channel (dsch)

Common Signalling Channel (csch)

Traffic Channels :

Dedicated Traffic Channel (dtch) - CarriesStreaming Data PDUs, e.g., :

- Packet Data

- Circuit Data

- Voice Traffic

Common Traffic Channel (ctch) - Carries ShortData Burst (SDB) PDUs (e.g., Packet Data DormantMode SDBs)

Control Channels - Carry Control Information betweenEntities (f/r-dmch_control, r-cmch_control, f-cmch_control)

SUMMARY OF LOGICALCHANNELS


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The cdma2000Forward LinkThe cdma2000Forward Link


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Forward CDMA Channelfor Spreading Rate 1

& 3

CommonAssignm

entChannels

CommonPower

ControlChannels

Pilot

Channels

CommonControl

Channels

Sync

Channels

Traffic

Channels

Broadcas

tChannels

PagingChannels

(SR1)

QuickPaging

Channel

ForwardPilot

Channel

TransmitDiversity

PilotChannel

AuxiliaryPilot

Channels

AuxiliaryTransmitDiversity

Pilot

Channel

0-2SupplementalChannels

(RC 3-9)

0-7Supplemental

Code Channels(RC 1-2)

Mobile StationPower ControlSub-channel

0-1Fundamental Channel

0-1Dedicated

ControlChannel

W0

64

W32

64

W1-7

64

Wn

64

W80/48/112

128

W16

128

Backward Compatible Forward LinkChannels


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New Forward Link Common Channels


& 3

CommonAssignm

entChannels

CommonPowerControl

Channels

PilotChannels

CommonControl

Channels

SyncChannels

TrafficChannels

Broadcast

Channels

PagingChannels

(SR1)

QuickPaging

Channel

ForwardPilot

Channel

TransmitDiversity

PilotChannel

AuxiliaryPilot

Channels


PilotChannel


(RC 3-9)

0-7Supplemental




0-1Dedicated

ControlChannel

W064

W32

64

W1-7

64

Wn

64

W80/48/112

128

W16 128


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Why New Common Channels ?

Common Channels yang baru dalam cdma2000mempunyai beberapa keuntungan. Dalamsistem IS-95, MS tidak mampu mengakses

sistem sampai diterimanya pesan-pesanoverhead. Hal ini memerlukan Paging Channeluntuk mengirimkan pesan-pesan tersebuthampir tanpa henti, yang akan menguras

kapasitas Paging Channel. Denganmeningkatkan kapasitas kanal-kanal overheadcdma2000, delay dapat diminimalkan dansistem mempunyai kapasitas yang jauh lebihbesar untuk paging dan messaging.


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Pilot Channel

Suatu sinyal DSSS tak bermodulasi yang dipancarkan secarakontinyu oleh setiap Base Station.

broadcast/cell atau sector, digunakan untuk estimasi kanal,akuisisi awal dan handoff.

Common Auxiliary Pilot Channel

aplikasi-aplikasi beam forminguntuk sekelompok mobile

Dedicated Auxiliary Pilot Channel aplikasi-aplikasi beam steering dan beam forming

untuk suatu mobile tunggal

F-DAPICH

F-CAPICH

F-PICH

New Forward Link CommonChannel


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Broadcast Control Channel (F-BCCH) Hanya memancarkan pesan-pesan Overhead (Extended

System parameters Message, General neighbor ListMessage, CDMA Channel List Message, etc.).

Juga memancarkan SMS (Short Message Service).

Laju data : 4.8 , 9.6 , or 19.2 kbps.

OVERHEAD


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Common Control Channel (F-CCCH) Pesan-pesan yang ditujukan ke Mobile Station (e.g. Extended

Channel Assignment Message, General Page Message, OrderMessage)

Laju data : 9.6 , 19.2 , or 38.4 kbps

Discontinuous Transmit (DTX) mode

Mobile-directed

msgs


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Quick Paging Channel (F-QPCH) Digunakan oleh BS ketika perlu mengontak MS dalam mode

slotted. Tujuan mengurangi waktu yang dihabiskan oleh MS untuk

memonitor Paging Channel, sehingga waktu standby lebihlama.

Dapat digunakan bersama dengan F-CCCH atau F-PCH.

Walsh code W80, W48 dan W112 disediakan untuk F-QPCH.


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Common Assignment Channel (F-CACH) Didisain khusus untuk menyediakan respon penetapan kanal

Reverse Link yang cepat, sehingga mendukung pengirimanpaket-paket akses random pada Reverse Link.

1 2 3


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& 3

CommonAssignm

entChannels

CommonPowerControl

Channels

PilotChannels

CommonControl

Channels

SyncChannels

TrafficChannels

Broadcast

Channels

PagingChannels

(SR1)

QuickPaging

Channel

ForwardPilot

Channel

TransmitDiversity

PilotChannel

AuxiliaryPilot

Channels


PilotChannel


(RC 3-9)

0-7Supplemental




0-1Dedicated

ControlChannel

W064

W32

64

W1-7

64

Wn

64

W80/48/112

128

W16 128

New Forward Link Dedicated Channels


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Forward Fundamental channel

Digunakan untuk pengiriman informasi user dan

signalling ke MS tertentu selama panggilan (voice, data,control).

Setiap Forward Traffic Channel dapat memuat satuForward FCH.

Forward Supplemental channel

Digunakan untuk pengiriman informasi user dansignalling ke MS tertentu selama panggilan. Kanal iniumumnya digunakan untuk aplikasi data kecepatantinggi.

Setiap Forward Traffic Channel dapat memuat sampaidua SCH.

Forward Dedicated Control Channel

Digunakan untuk pengiriman informasi user dansignalling ke MS tertentu selama panggilan. SetiapForward Traffic Channel dapat memuat satu F-DCCH.

Power Control Subchannel

Umumnya diasosiasikan dengan FCH, tetapi jika F-FCH


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Forward Link Physical Layer KeyCharacteristics

Full rate

data bits

User longcode mask

Long code

generator

Add CRC and

Tail Bits

1/4 Rate conv.

encoder

Interleaver

Long code

decimator

Gain

Gain

PCbits

PC

PC

dec

S-PWalsh 64generator

I short code

Q short code

FIR

FIR

+

-

+

+

8.6 kbps 9.6 ksps

38.4 ksps

38.4 ksps

1.2288 Mcps38.4 ksps

Decimator byWalsh length/2

Power

control

puncture

800 bps

800 bpsPuncture

timing

Optional

Can be carried by F-DCCH

I

Q

19.2 ksps

19.2 ksps

1.2288 Mcps

1.2288 Mcps

I

Q

1.2288 Mcps

1.2288 Mcps

Orthogonal

spreading

Complex

scrambling

1.2288 Mcps

1.2288 Mcps

I

Q

I

Q

1.2288 Mcps

1.2288 Mcps

Note : 1X RC3 F-FCH 9.6K for a 8K voice call


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The cdma2000 ReverseLink

The cdma2000 ReverseLink


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New Reverse Link features for cdma2000

Reverse Link Pilot

Multi Kanal yang dipancarkan secara

simultan dari setiap mobile station Kanalisasi dengan kode Walsh

Turbo code pada Supplemental Channel

Power Control Subchannel untuk ForwardPower Control

Panjang frame yang bervariasi

5 ms, 10 ms, 20 ms, 40 ms dan 80 ms

CDMA2000 Reverse Link Characteristics


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R-ACH Reverse Access Channel

R-PICH Reverse Pilot Channel (W032)

R-EACH Reverse Enhanced Access Channel(W28)

R-CCCH Reverse Common Control Channel(W28)

R-DCCH Reverse Dedicated Control Channel(W816)

R-FCH Revesre Fundamental Channel(W416)

R-SCH Reverse Supplemental Channel

R-SCCH Reverse Supplemental Code Ch.

CDMA2000 Reverse LinkChannels


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Reverse CDMA Channelfor SR1 and SR3

Access

Chann

el(SR1)

ReverseTraffic

Channel(RC 1 or

2)

EnhancedAccess

ChannelOperation

ReverseCommon

Control Ch.Operation

ReverseTrafficChannel

Operation

(RC 3 to6)

ReverseFundamental

Ch.

Reverse PilotChannel



0 to 7Reverse

SupplementalCode Channel

EnhancedAccess

Channel

ReverseCommonControlChannel

0 or 1 ReverseDedicated

ControlChannel0 or 1 Reverse

FundamentalChannel

0 or 1 ReverseSupplemental

Channel

Power ControlSub-channel

Masing-masing kanal di-ortogonalisasidengan fungsi Walsh

Gain relatif pada setiap kanal dapatdiatur untuk mengadaptasi lingkungan

radio dan tipe layanan.

W2

8 W2

8

W0

32

Backward Compatible Reverse LinkChannels


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Reverse CDMA Channelfor SR1 and SR3

Access

Chann

el(SR1)

ReverseTraffic

Channel(RC 1 or

2)

EnhancedAccess

ChannelOperation

ReverseCommon

Control Ch.Operation

ReverseTrafficChannel

Operation

(RC 3 to6)

ReverseFundamental

Ch.




0 to 7Reverse

SupplementalCode Channel

EnhancedAccess

Channel

ReverseCommonControlChannel

0 or 1 ReverseDedicated

ControlChannel0 or 1 Reverse

FundamentalChannel

0 or 1 ReverseSupplemental

Channel

Power ControlSub-channel

W2

8 W2

8

W0

32

Common Channels

Dedicated

Channels

Reverse Common & Dedicated Channels


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Reverse Pilot Channel (R-PICH)

Dipancarkan oleh setiap MS. Setiap kanal pilot diterima di BTSdan digunakan untuk mendemodulasi secara koheren, kanal-kanal kode lain yang dipancarkan oleh MS tersebut.

Kemampuan mendemodulasi reverse link secara koheren,menurunkan Eb/Nt yang diperlukan sebesar 3 dB, sehingga dapatdigunakan untuk meningkatkan kapasitas reverse link.

Dipancarkan oleh MS :

- Jika EACH, CCCH atau R-TCH (RC3 RC6) diaktifkan.

- Selama EACH preamble, CCCH preamble atau TCHpreamble.

Pilot(all 0s)

1 PC Bit per

PCG

SymbolRepetition

384NCopies

MUX

APilotChannel &PC Symbols

Pilot PC

384N Chips

1 Power ControlGroup 4 Groups

of 384N Chips

Where N equalsSpreading Rate


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Struktur Kanal R-FCH dan R-SCH(RC3)

Add Frame

Quality

Indicator

Add 8

Encoder

Tail Bits

Convolutiona

l or Turbo

encoder

Symbol

RepetitionSymbol

Puncture

Block

Interleaver CChannel Bits

Bits/Frame Bits Data Rate (kbps) R Factor Deletion

Symbols Rate (ksps)24 Bits/5 ms

16 Bits/20 ms

40 Bits/20n ms

80 Bits/20n ms

172 Bits/20n ms

360 Bits/20n ms

744 Bits/20n ms

1512 Bits/20n ms

3048 Bits/20n ms

6120 Bits/20n ms

16

6

6

8

12

16

16

16

16

16

9.6

1.5

2.7/n

4.8/n

9.6/n

19.2/n

38.4/n

76.8/n

153.6/n

307.2/n

1/4

1/4

1/4

1/4

1/4

1/4

1/4

1/4

1/4

1/2

2x

16x

8x

4x

2x

1x

1x

1x

1x

1x

None

1 of 5

1 of 9

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

384

1536

1536

1536

1536

1536

3072

6144

12288

12288

76.8

76.8

76.8/n

76.8/n

76.8/n

76.8/n

153.6/n

307.2/n

614.4/n

614.4/n

Modulati

onSymbol


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Walsh Cover

W24 or W6

8

Walsh Cover

W816

Walsh Cover

W416

Walsh Cover

W12

, W24

, or W28

C

A

B

C

C

Relative

Gain

Relative

Gain

RelativeGain

Relative

Gain

S

S

++

+

+

+

R-SCH 2

R-PICH

R-DCCH

R-FCH

R-SCH 1,R-CCCH or

EACH

Decimator by

factor of2

1-ChipDelay

Long CodeGen 1.2288

Mcps

I-ChannelPN

Sequence

Q-ChannelPNSequence

Walsh

Cover W12

S

S

+

+

+

+

cos(2 fct)

sin(2 fct)

S

BBFIL

BBFIL

s(t)

+

+

Gain

ComplexMultiplier

Orthogonal

Spreading

I-ChannelData

Q-ChannelData

LongCode

Mask


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Illustration of Reverse LinkOperation

Pilot Channel

1/4 Rate

Full Rate

Full Rate

Full Rate

1/2 Rate

1/2 Rate

Fundamental

Channel

(R-FCH)

Supplemental

Channel

(R-SCH)

Reverse link pilot selalu aktif, dan kanal-kanal kode yangberlainan dapat ditransmisikan sepanjang MS mempunyaidaya yang cukup. Daya kanal merupakan fungsi dari lajudata, FEC dan panjang frame.


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MAC & LACMAC & LAC


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7. ApplicationLayer

7. ApplicationLayer

6. PresentationLayer

6. PresentationLayer

5. Session Layer5. Session Layer

4. TransportLayer

4. TransportLayer

3. Network Layer3. Network Layer

2. Data LinkLayer

2. Data LinkLayer

1. Physical Layer1. Physical Layer

Berkomunikasi dengan user dan memuat aplikasi-aplikasi

jaringan seperti : e-mail dan file transfer protocol (ftp).

Merubah format-format data, enkripsi dan dekripsi data.

Memuat protokol-protokol yang diperlukan untukmembangun hubungan atau sesi, antara dua end-user,

dan error recovery.

Memastikan informasi sampai ke tujuan dan mengirimkanACK ke pengirim. Memuat fungsi-fungsi : multiplexing,buffering dan connection management.

Menentukan best route antara dua node, mengelolainformasi billing.

Memastikan operasi yang benar dari layer fisik.Bertanggung jawab untuk deteksi/koreksi error.

Transmission media dan connection strategy.


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TIA IS-95 and cdma2000 Layered Structure withProtocols

TIA IS-95 and cdma2000 Layered Structure withProtocols

Signalling

Services

Packet Data

ApplicationVoice Services

Circuit Data

Application

TCP UDP

IP

PPP

High-Speed

Circuit Network

Layer Services

LAC

MAC

LAC Protokol Null LAC

MAC Control

StateBest Effort Delivery RLP

MultiplexingQoS Control

Physical Layer

Upper

Layers

(OSI 3 - 7)

Link

Layer

(OSI 2)

Physical

Layer

(OSI 1)

PPP = Point-to-Point Protocol TCP = Transmission Control Protocol

UDP = User Datagram Protocol= khas cdma2000


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Data Link Sublayer Overview : LAC and MAC

Sublayer LAC menyediakan transport data melalui air interfacediantara peer upper layer entities. Sublayer LAC mendukungkemampuan dan keandalan transmisi untuk memenuhiberbagai kebutuhan upper layer entities. Untuk menyediakanlayanan ini, LAC menggunakan sejumlah protokol yang

berbeda untuk memenuhi kebutuhan QoS dari setiap upperlayer entities terhadap karakteristik sublayer MAC.

Sublayer MAC menyediakan suatu fungsi kendali yangmengelola resource yang disediakan oleh layer fisik, danmengkoordinasikan penggunaan resource-resource tersebut

sesuai dengan kebutuhan berbagai LAC service entities.Sublayer MAC bertanggung jawab untuk memberikan levelQoS yang diminta oleh LAC service entity (misal : denganmereservasi air interface resources atau dengan menetapkanprioritas-prioritas diantara LAC service entities yang bersaing).


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CDMA2000 MAC Sublayer

Sublayer MAC CDMA2000 menyediakan dua fungsi penting :

Best Effort Delivery - transmisi handal melalui link radio dengan suatuRLP (Radio Link Protocol) yang memberikan suatu tingkat keandalan besteffort.

Multiplexing & QoS Control - pelaksanaan negotiated QoS level

melalui mediasi permintaan-permintaan yang bertentangan (conflictingrequests) dari layanan-layanan yang bersaing, serta menetapkan prioritasyang sesuai dari suatu permintaan akses.

Fungsi-fungsi lain yang terkait dengan sublayer MAC :

MAC Control States - prosedur-prosedur untuk mengontrol akseslayanan-layanan data (packet dan circuit) ke layer fisik, termasukcontention control

diantara multi layanan, dari suatu user tunggal ataupunsekelompok user yang bersaing (competing users).

Resource Configuration Database (RCD)- representasi abstrak daristruktur data yang dipelihara oleh mobile station dan base station dalammendukung layer MAC. RCD diatur dalam seperangkat tabel yangmemuat informasi konfigurasi untuk berbagai entities.


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CDMA2000 MAC State Transitions

ActiveState

DormantState

Big Timeout

Traffic

TIA/EIA-95-BMAC

ActiveState

DormantState

ControlHoldMode

CDMA2000MAC

Inactivity

Inactivity

Inactivity

Traffic

Traffic

Traffic, PC&ControlChannels

Assigned

PC & ControlChannelsAssigned

Very fast

Traffic ChReassi nmen

No dedicatedchannels

No BS, MSCResources

PPP Statemaintained

Short Data


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MAC States

IS-2000MACState

Physical Layer MAC

Layer

Data Service

Instance

Signalling

FCHassigned

by BS

DCCHassigned

by BS

ReversePilot isGated ?

PCH/F-CCCH

DataTraffic

Flowing ?

State SDBsPermitted

?

Call ControlInstance

State

Notes

Active Y Y N N Y

Connected

N Conversation Substate

Active Mode :PILOT_GATING_

USE_RATE is setto 0

ControlHold

N Y Y N N

Control Hold Mode: PILOT_GATING_

USE_RATE is setto 1

Dormant Y N Dormant Y Null SCR Not Saved inthe MS

Tabel diatas memperlihatkan atribut-atribut signifikan dari physicallayer, MAC layer dan signalling selama MAC state.


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State Transitions

ActiveMode ControlHoldMode

Extended Release Message orExtended Release Mini Message,

Universal Handoff Direction Message, or

General HandoffDirection Message

Resource Allocation Message,Resource Allocation Mini Message,

Extended Supplemental Channel Assignment Message,orUniversal Handoff Direction Message,

General Handoff Direction Message


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Multiplex (MUX) Sublayer

Signalling Data Service

(sr_id=1)

datablock

datablock

data block

data blockdsch dtch, sr_id=1

dtch, sr_id=1

datablock

datablock

data block data block CRC

CRC

Header(formatbits)

MUX PDUHeader

MUX PDUHeader

MultiplexSublayer

MuxPDU Type 1 or 2

FCH or DCCH SDU

MuxPDU Type 3 or 5 MuxPDU Type 3 or 5

LTU LTU

SCHSDU


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MUX PDU (Protocol Data Unit) Types 1-4

N bits Specified by the Multiplex Option for a FCH orDCCH or SCCH or Rate 1x SCHMuxPDU Type 1and 2

6 bits Specified by the Multiplex Option for a Rate 2x or

larger SCH

0 bitsSpecified by the Multiplex Option for a 5 ms

MuxPDU for the FCH or DCCH

sr_id

3 bits

Reserved

3bits

sr_id value specified for the service instance

MuxPDU Type 3

MuxPDU Type 4

000

MuxPDUheader

MuxPDU header (identical to the TIA/EIA-95-B format bits)


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MUX PDU Type 5

6, 14 or22 bits Specified by the Multiplex Option for a

SCHMuxPDU Type 5

sr_id3 bits

Reserved 1 bit

lengthindicator

lengthMuxPDUheader

00 no lengthfield 01

8 bit length field10 16 bit

length field11 reserved

If included,indicates

length ofMuxPDUpayload inoctets

0

00 Reserved001 110 sr_id value

specified for the service instance 111null service (used when including a Fill

MuxPDU)


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Reverse LAC Sublayers

Control

Plane

Data Plane

Layer 3

LACSublayer

LowerLayers

SAP

SAP

r-csch

Transmission/Reception

SAR Sublayer

Utility Sublayer

Addressing Sublayer

ARQ Sublayer

Authentication Sublayer

Authentication SublayerPresent only on the

Access ChannelAccess control through global challengeauthentication

on transmission : appends

AUTH_PARAM fields

ARQ Sublayer

Appends ARQ_PARAM (sequencenumber)

Performsacknowledgement functions

Generates MS and BS ACKs


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Forward LAC Sublayers

Control

Plane

Data Plane

Layer 3

LACSublayer

LowerLayers

SAP

SAP

f-csch

Transmission/Reception

SAR Sublayer

Utility Sublayer

Addressing Sublayer

ARQ Sublayer

Addressing SublayerPresent only on theCommon ChannelAppends ADDR_PARAM (address fields) ontransmission Performs address matchingon reception

Segmentation & Reassembly(SAR) Sublayer

On transmission : AddsMSG_LENGTH and CRC fields andsegments L2 PDU into lowerlayer data unit.

On reception : Reassembles L2

Utility SublayerAssembles and

disassembles L2 PDUsMaps SDU_TYPE to/from MSG_TYPE

On Access Ch, appendsRRC PARAM ( ilot stren th


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Bearer Service Profiles

BS MSSignalling, Voice,

PC

Voice

Option1

BS MS

Voice, PCVoiceOption

2 Signalling

BS MS

Signalling,Voice,Data,PC,MACVoice/

PacketOption

1Data

Bursts

BS MS

Signalling,Voice,PCVoice/

PacketOption

1

MAC,Data,(Signalling),PC

DataBursts

BS MS

Signalling,Data,PC,MACPacket

Option1 Data

Bursts

BS MSPacketOption

2Signalling,Data,PC,

MACData

Bursts

BS MS

Signalling,Data,PC

PacketOption

3MAC,(PC)

DataBursts

Fundamental Channel

Dedicated ControlChannel

Supplemental Channel


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THANK YOU

comments pleasewelcome

THANK YOU

comments pleasewelcome


Cdma2000 Forward Channel

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Forward Pilot Channel 1

Transmit Diversity Pilot Channel 1

Sync Channel 1

Paging Channel 7

Broadcast Control Channel 8

Quick Paging Channel 3

Common Power Control Channel 4

Common Assignment Channel 7

Forward Common Control Channel 7

Forward Dedicated Control Channel1 per Fwd Traffic

ChannelForward Fundamental Channel 1 per Fwd

Traffic Channel

Forward Supplemental Code Channel 7 per FwdTraffic Channel(RC1 and RC2 only)

Forward Supplemental Channel 2 per FwdTraffic Channel

Channel Type (SR1) Maximum Number

Cdma2000 Forward ChannelType


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Forward Pilot Channel 1

Sync Channel 1

Broadcast Control Channel 8

Quick Paging Channel 3

Common Power Control Channel 4

Common Assignment Channel 7

Forward Common Control Channel 7

Forward Dedicated Control Channel1 per Fwd TrafficChannel

Forward Fundamental Channel 1 per FwdTraffic Channel

Forward Supplemental Channel 2 per FwdTraffic Channel(RC3, RC4 and RC5 only)

Channel Type (SR3) Maximum Number

Cdma2000 Forward ChannelType


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Cdma2000 Forward Link RC &SR

Forward Link

RC SR Data RatesCharacteristics

1 1 1K2,2K4,4K8,9K6 R=1/2

2 1 1K8,2K6,7K2,14K4R=1/2

3 1 1K5,2K7,4K8,9K6,38K4,76K8,153K6 R=1/4

4 1 1K5,2K7,4K8,9K6,38K4,76K8,153K6,307K2 R=1/2

5 1 1K8,3K6,7K2,14K4,28K3,57K6,115K2,230K4 R=1/4

6 3 1K5,2K7,4K8,9K6,38K4,76K8,153K6,307K2 R=1/6

7 3 1K5,2K7,4K8,9K6,38K4,76K8,153K6,307K2,614K4R=1/3

8 3 1K8,3K6,7K2,14K4,28K8,57K6,115K2,230K4,R=1/4(20ms)

460K8 R=1/3(5ms)

9 3 1K8,3K6,7K2,14K4,23K8,57K6,115K2,230K4,R=1/2(20ms)

460K8,1036K8 R=1/3(5ms)


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RC SR Max DataRate (Kbps)*

EffectiveFEC Code

Rate

OTDAllowe

d

FECEncoding

Mod

1 1 9.6 1/2 NoConv BPSK

2 1 14.4 3/2 NoConv BPSK

3 1 153.6 1/4 Yes Conv &

Turbo QPSK4 1 307.2 1/2 Yes Conv & Turbo QPSK

5 1 230.4 3/8 Yes Conv & Turbo QPSK



8 3 460.8 1/4 or 1/3 Yes Conv &

Turbo QPSK9 3 1036.8 1/2 or 1/3 Yes Conv & Turbo QPSK

* Maximum data rate for a single SupplementalChannel

Forward Link RadioConfigurations


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RC SR Max DataRate(Kbps) *

EffectiveFEC Code

Rate

FECEncoding Modulation

1 1 9.6 1/3 Conv64-ary ortho2 1 14.4 1/2 Conv64-ary ortho3 1 153.6 1/4 Conv or

Turbo QPSK

4 1 230.4 3/8 Conv orTurbo QPSK

(614.4) (1/3)

6 3 460.8 1/4 Conv orTurbo QPSK (1036.8) (1/2)

* Maximum data rate for a singleSupplemental Channel

Reverse Link RadioConfigurations

(307.2) (1/2)

5 3 153.6 1/4 Conv orTurbo QPSK

Cdma2000 1x Latest Rev 2005

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