Capítulo - WordPress.com...2018/10/15 · Title Chapter 1 Author Billstein, Libeskind, and Lott...
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Números racionales y
razonamiento
proporcional
Suma y resta de
números racionales
Capítulo 6
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Suma de números racionales
Modelo de la recta numérica
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Suma de números racionales con
denominadores iguales(fracciones homogéneas)
Si𝑎 𝑦 𝑐
𝑏 𝑏son números racionales, entonces
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Suma de números racionales
Modelo de área
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Suma de números racionales con
denominadores distintos(fracciones heterogéneas)
Dado dos fracciones𝑎 𝑦 𝑐 , 𝑑𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒 𝑏 ≠ 𝑑, entonces𝑏 𝑑
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Esto implica que para sumar fracciones con
denominadores distintos, hay que convertirlas en
fracciones equivalentes con denominadores
iguales.
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Suma de números racionales con
denominadores distintos(fracciones heterogéneas)
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Ejemplo
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Construir modelos rectangulares para completar
suma: 3
8+
3
4
3
8
+
3
4
+
3
8
6
8
=9
8
3
8
3
4+
Por definición:3
8+
3
4=
12 + 24
32
=36
32
=4 × 9
4 × 8
=9
8=
9
8+
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Ejemplo
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Construir modelos circulares para completar
suma: 2
5+
1
3
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Ejemplo
Determinar las siguientes sumas:
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Ejemplo (continución)
c.
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Números Mixtos
Números que se componen de un entero y de una
parte fraccionaria se conocen como números
mixtos.
Un número mixto es un número racional, y por lo
tanto siempre se pueden escribir de la forma
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Ejemplo
donde aCambie cada número mixto a la forma
y b son enteros.
a.
b.
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Ejemplo
Cambiar a número mixto.
¿Cúal es el múltiplo más grande de 5 que es
menor que 29? 25 = 5 × 5
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Resta de números racionales
Si son números racionales, entonces
Si son números racionales, entonces
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Ejemplo
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Estimar con números racionales
1. Sumar la parte entera.
2. Luego ajustar la suma, estimando la parte
fraccionaria a 0, ½ ó 1.
Estimar la suma de
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Ejemplo
a.
b.
Estimar las sumas.
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