CALIFORNIA’S LEADERSHIP ROLE IN ESTABLISHING PELs CIHC Annual Conference December 6, 2010 Westgate...
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Transcript of CALIFORNIA’S LEADERSHIP ROLE IN ESTABLISHING PELs CIHC Annual Conference December 6, 2010 Westgate...
CIHC Annual ConferenceDecember 6, 2010
Westgate Hotel, San Diego, CA
Howard B. Spielman, PE, CIH, CSP, REHSPresident
HEALTH SCIENCE ASSOCIATES10771 Noel Street
Los Alamitos, CA 90720Phone: 714-220-3922
1912 20 acute exposure limits Germany
1921 33 hazardous air concentrations U.S. Bureau of Mines
1930 First MAC list of 30 chemicals Russia
1938 100 OELs Germany
1946 First list of MACs ACGIH
1950 MACs became known as TLVs ACGIH
1962 First Documentation of TLVs ACGIH
Today: Approximately 700 TLVs ACGIH
Since 1945:
Multiple countries adopted ACGIH TLVs
Backdrop: Over 80,000 chemicals in U.S. Commerce
1927 Longshoremen’s & Harbor Workers’ Compensation ActAdopted 1960 ACGIH List
1936 Walsh-Healy Public Contracts ActIncorporated 1951 ACGIH List
1927 Longshoremen’s & Harbor Workers’ Compensation ActAdopted 1960 ACGIH List
1936 Walsh-Healy Public Contracts ActIncorporated 1951 ACGIH List
1971 OSHA adopted the safety & health standards from the 1969 W-H Act revision – included the 1968 ACGIH List. Since 1971, new or revised PELs for only 16 agents, plus standard for 13 carcinogens that do not include PELs.
1927 Longshoremen’s & Harbor Workers’ Compensation ActAdopted 1960 ACGIH List
1936 Walsh-Healy Public Contracts ActIncorporated 1951 ACGIH List
1971 OSHA adopted the safety & health standards from the 1969 W-H Act revision – included the 1968 ACGIH List. Since 1971, new or revised PELs for only 16 agents, plus standard for 13 carcinogens that do not include PELs.
Late 1970s
NIOSH submitted over 100 Criteria Documents with RELs. Fewer than 10 in the last 25 years.
1927 Longshoremen’s & Harbor Workers’ Compensation ActAdopted 1960 ACGIH List
1936 Walsh-Healy Public Contracts ActIncorporated 1951 ACGIH List
1971 OSHA adopted the safety & health standards from the 1969 W-H Act revision – included the 1968 ACGIH List. Since 1971, new or revised PELs for only 16 agents, plus standard for 13 carcinogens that do not include PELs.
Late 1970s
NIOSH submitted over 100 Criteria Documents with RELs. Fewer than 10 in the last 25 years.
1988-89
OSHA PEL project – eventually overturned following lawsuits filed by both labor and industry.
1927 Longshoremen’s & Harbor Workers’ Compensation ActAdopted 1960 ACGIH List
1936 Walsh-Healy Public Contracts ActIncorporated 1951 ACGIH List
1971 OSHA adopted the safety & health standards from the 1969 W-H Act revision – included the 1968 ACGIH List. Since 1971, new or revised PELs for only 16 agents, plus standard for 13 carcinogens that do not include PELs.
Late 1970s
NIOSH submitted over 100 Criteria Documents with RELs. Fewer than 10 in the last 25 years.
1988-89
OSHA PEL project – eventually overturned following lawsuits filed by both labor and industry.
Current Fed/OSHA PELs for the most part are the 1968 ACGIH TLVs
Since the 1940s: MACs listed in the General Industry
Safety Orders (GISO) Essentially were ACGIH MACs
Since the 1940s: MACs listed in the General Industry Safety Orders
(GISO) Essentially were ACGIH MACs Since inception of Cal/OSHA (1972/1973):
GISO listings identified as PELs.
Since the 1940s: MACs listed in the General Industry Safety Orders
(GISO) Essentially were ACGIH MACs Since inception of Cal/OSHA (1972/1973): GISO listings
identified as PELs. Cal/OSHA Industrial Hygiene Advisory
Committees into the late 1990s updated the PELs every 2 years – essentially based on ACGIH new & Revised TLVs. No lawsuits.
Since the 1940s: MACs listed in the General Industry Safety Orders
(GISO) Essentially were ACGIH MACs Since inception of Cal/OSHA (1972/1973): GISO listings
identified as PELs. Cal/OSHA Industrial Hygiene Advisory Committees into
the late 1990s updated the PELs every 2 years – essentially based on ACGIH new & Revised TLVs. No lawsuits.
In early 2000s the nature & transparency of this process was questioned by the OSHSB.
Since the 1940s: MACs listed in the General Industry Safety Orders
(GISO) Essentially were ACGIH MACs Since inception of Cal/OSHA (1972/1973): GISO
listings identified as PELs. Cal/OSHA Industrial Hygiene Advisory Committees
into the late 1990s updated the PELs every 2 years – essentially based on ACGIH new & Revised TLVs. No lawsuits.
In early 2000s the nature & transparency of this process was questioned by the OSHSB.
2 legislative bills introduced which would have given the PEL setting process to OEHHA.
I. Selection & prioritization of substances for review by DOSH utilizing an advisory committee.
II. HEAC (Health Expert Advisory Committee)
I. Selection & prioritization of substances for review by DOSH utilizing an advisory committee.
II. HEAC (Health Expert Advisory Committee)IIA. SUBSTANCE SPECIFIC ADVISORY
COMMITTEE
I. Selection & prioritization of substances for review by DOSH utilizing an advisory committee.
II. HEAC (Health Expert Advisory Committee)IIA. SUBSTANCE SPECIFIC ADVISORY COMMITTEE
III. FAC (Feasibility Advisory Committee)
I. Selection & prioritization of substances for review by DOSH utilizing an advisory committee.
II. HEAC (Health Expert Advisory Committee)IIA. SUBSTANCE SPECIFIC ADVISORY COMMITTEE
III. FAC (Feasibility Advisory Committee)
DOSH commitment to transparency & active participation by interested parties.
I. Selection & prioritization of substances for review by DOSH utilizing an advisory committee.
II. HEAC (Health Expert Advisory Committee)IIA. SUBSTANCE SPECIFIC ADVISORY COMMITTEE
III. FAC (Feasibility Advisory Committee)DOSH commitment to transparency & active
participation by interested parties.S E Q U E N C E
HEAC FAC DOSH OCSHSB
1. Consider the need & scientific basis for new or revised health-based exposure levels for airborne contaminants.
1. Consider the need & scientific basis for new or revised health-based exposure levels for airborne contaminants.
2. Use weight of evidence approach in evaluating the scientific literature.
1. Consider the need & scientific basis for new or revised health-based exposure levels for airborne contaminants.
2. Use weight of evidence approach in evaluating the scientific literature.
3. Recommend new or revised PELs, STELs, Cs, S notations and special footnotes.
Objective: At least 2 members from each of the following disciplines.
TOXICOLOGY (Ph.D.) EPIDEMIOLOGY (Ph.D.)OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE (M.D.)INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE (C.I.H.)
Serve a minimum of 2 years.
Objective: At least 2 members from each of the following disciplines.TOXICOLOGY (Ph.D.) EPIDEMIOLOGY (Ph.D.)OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE (M.D.)INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE (C.I.H.)
Serve a minimum of 2 years.
Experts from state agencies, academic institutions, professional associations, & other interested groups.
Objective: At least 2 members from each of the following disciplines.TOXICOLOGY (Ph.D.) EPIDEMIOLOGY (Ph.D.)OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE (M.D.)INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE (C.I.H.)
Serve a minimum of 2 years.
Experts from state agencies, academic institutions, professional associations, & other interested groups.
Disclose fully the organization(s) they represent or affiliations which might be a source of bias.
DOSH chairs & coordinates technical & logistical support.
OHB/HESIS technical support.
OEHHA technical input.
DOSH chairs & coordinates technical & logistical support.
OHB/HESIS technical support.OEHHA technical input.
DOSH/assigned committee member develops a substance-by-substance summary document.
DOSH chairs & coordinates technical & logistical support.
OHB/HESIS technical support.OEHHA technical input.DOSH/assigned committee member develops a
substance-by-substance summary document.
Preference given to peer-reviewed articles published in recognized scientific journals.
DOSH chairs & coordinates technical & logistical support.
OHB/HESIS technical support.OEHHA technical input.DOSH/assigned committee member develops a
substance-by-substance summary document.Preference given to peer-reviewed articles
published in recognized scientific journals.
Decision template & substance-by-substance minutes of committee deliberations.
1. Determine whether, and if so how, a PEL proposed by HEAC should be modified based on feasibility issues.
1. Determine whether, and if so how, a PEL proposed by HEAC should be modified based on feasibility issues.
2. Opportunity for interested parties to comment in an informal process.
1. Determine whether, and if so how, a PEL proposed by HEAC should be modified based on feasibility issues.
2. Opportunity for interested parties to comment in an informal process.
3. Elements of feasibility.
1. Determine whether, and if so how, a PEL proposed by HEAC should be modified based on feasibility issues.
2. Opportunity for interested parties to comment in an informal process.
3. Elements of feasibility. Technical issues associated with making
measurements to identify compliance.
1. Determine whether, and if so how, a PEL proposed by HEAC should be modified based on feasibility issues.
2. Opportunity for interested parties to comment in an informal process.
3. Elements of feasibility. Technical issues associated with making
measurements to identify compliance. Technical issues associated with means
and measures of control of exposures for compliance.
1. Determine whether, and if so how, a PEL proposed by HEAC should be modified based on feasibility issues.
2. Opportunity for interested parties to comment in an informal process.
3. Elements of feasibility. Technical issues associated with making measurements to
identify compliance. Technical issues associated with means and measures of
control of exposures for compliance. Estimates of the costs associated with
achieving and maintaining reliable compliance and the reasonableness of imposing such costs.
Representatives from affected industry and labor groups.
Individuals with expertise in relevant technical areas such as ventilation engineering, industrial hygiene chemistry, engineering economics.
Representatives from affected industry and labor groups.
Individuals with expertise in relevant technical areas such as ventilation engineering, industrial hygiene chemistry, engineering economics.
HEAC members who wish to participate.
In promulgating standards dealing with toxic materials or harmful physical agents, the board shall adopt that standard which most adequately assures, to the extent feasible, that no employee will suffer material impairment of health or functional capacity even if such employee has regular exposure to a hazard regulated by such standard for the period of his working life. Development of standards under this section shall be based upon research, demonstrations, experiments, and such other information as may be appropriate. In addition to the attainment of the highest degree of health and safety protection for the employee, other considerations shall be the latest available scientific data in the field, the reasonableness of the standards, and experience gained under this and other health and safety laws. Whenever practicable, the standard promulgated shall be expressed in terms of objective criteria and of the performance desired.
In promulgating standards dealing with toxic materials or harmful physical agents, the board shall adopt that standard which most adequately assures, to the extent feasible, that no employee will suffer material impairment of health or functional capacity even if such employee has regular exposure to a hazard regulated by such standard for the period of his working life. Development of standards under this section shall be based upon research, demonstrations, experiments, and such other information as may be appropriate. In addition to the attainment of the highest degree of health and safety protection for the employee, other considerations shall be the latest available scientific data in the field, the reasonableness of the standards, and experience gained under this and other health and safety laws. Whenever practicable, the standard promulgated shall be expressed in terms of objective criteria and of the performance desired.
HEAC: Health-based recommendationsFAC: Identify feasibility issuesDOSH: Facilitate process & bring recommended new or revised PELs, STELs, Cs & Ss to the OSHSB.OSHSB:Public hearings & adoption
HEAC’s meetings and deliberations entering the 4th year (1st meeting was 8/21/07). 13th Meeting scheduled for 12/14/10.
HEAC’s meetings and deliberations entering the 4th year (1st meeting was 8/21/07). 13th Meeting scheduled for 12/14/10.
Three FAC meetings to date.
HEAC’s meetings and deliberations entering the 4th year (1st meeting was 8/21/07). 13th Meeting scheduled for 12/14/10.
Three FAC meetings to date.
HEAC Recommendations considered by FAC to date.
SUBSTANCE HEAC ACGIH CAL/OSHA
Carbon Disulfide 1 ppm 8-hr TWA
1 ppm 8-hr TWA
4 ppm 8-hr TWA
12 ppm STEL
57
SUBSTANCE HEAC ACGIH CAL/OSHACarbon Disulfide 1 ppm 8-hr TWA 1 ppm 8-hr TWA 4 ppm 8-hr TWA
12 ppm STEL
Dichloroacetic Acid 0.1 ppm 8-hr TWA
0.5 ppm 8-hr TWA
---
58
SUBSTANCE HEAC ACGIH CAL/OSHACarbon Disulfide 1 ppm 8-hr TWA 1 ppm 8-hr TWA 4 ppm 8-hr TWA
12 ppm STEL
Dichloroacetic Acid 0.1 ppm 8-hr TWA 0.5 ppm 8-hr TWA ---
Hydrogen Fluoride 0.4 ppm 8-hr TWA
1 ppm STEL
0.5 ppm 8-hr TWA
3 ppm 8-hr TWA
59
SUBSTANCE HEAC ACGIH CAL/OSHA
Carbon Disulfide 1 ppm 8-hr TWA 1 ppm 8-hr TWA 4 ppm 8-hr TWA12 ppm STEL
Dichloroacetic Acid 0.1 ppm 8-hr TWA 0.5 ppm 8-hr TWA ---
Hydrogen Fluoride 0.4 ppm 8-hr TWA1 ppm STEL
0.5 ppm 8-hr TWA 3 ppm 8-hr TWA
Sulfuric Acid 0.1 mg/m3
8-hr TWA0.2 mg/m3 8-hr TWA
1 mg/m3 8-hr TWA
60
SUBSTANCE HEAC ACGIH CAL/OSHACarbon Disulfide 1 ppm 8-hr TWA 1 ppm 8-hr TWA 4 ppm 8-hr TWA
12 ppm STEL
Dichloroacetic Acid 0.1 ppm 8-hr TWA 0.5 ppm 8-hr TWA ---
Hydrogen Fluoride 0.4 ppm 8-hr TWA1 ppm STEL
0.5 ppm 8-hr TWA 3 ppm 8-hr TWA
Sulfuric Acid 0.1 mg/m3
8-hr TWA0.2 mg/m3 8-hr TWA
1 mg/m3 8-hr TWA
Toluene 10 ppm 8-hr TWA
20 ppm 8-hr TWA
50 ppm 8-hr TWA
61
SUBSTANCE HEAC ACGIH CAL/OSHACarbon Disulfide 1 ppm 8-hr TWA 1 ppm 8-hr TWA 4 ppm 8-hr TWA
12 ppm STEL
Dichloroacetic Acid 0.1 ppm 8-hr TWA 0.5 ppm 8-hr TWA ---
Hydrogen Fluoride 0.4 ppm 8-hr TWA1 ppm STEL
0.5 ppm 8-hr TWA 3 ppm 8-hr TWA
Sulfuric Acid 0.1 mg/m3
8-hr TWA0.2 mg/m3 8-hr TWA
1 mg/m3 8-hr TWA
Toluene 10 ppm 8-hr TWA 20 ppm 8-hr TWA 50 ppm 8-hr TWA
Hydrogen Chloride 0.3 ppm 8-hr TWA
2 ppm STEL
2 ppm C 5 ppm C
62
SUBSTANCE HEAC ACGIH CAL/OSHA
Carbon Disulfide 1 ppm 8-hr TWA 1 ppm 8-hr TWA 4 ppm 8-hr TWA12 ppm STEL
Dichloroacetic Acid 0.1 ppm 8-hr TWA 0.5 ppm 8-hr TWA ---
Hydrogen Fluoride 0.4 ppm 8-hr TWA1 ppm STEL
0.5 ppm 8-hr TWA 3 ppm 8-hr TWA
Sulfuric Acid 0.1 mg/m3
8-hr TWA0.2 mg/m3 8-hr TWA
1 mg/m3 8-hr TWA
Toluene 10 ppm 8-hr TWA 20 ppm 8-hr TWA 50 ppm 8-hr TWA
Hydrogen Chloride 0.3 ppm 8-hr TWA2 ppm STEL
2 ppm C 5 ppm C
N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone 1-10 ppm 8-hr TWA
[AIHA – 10ppm 8-hr TWA]
---
63
SUBSTANCE HEAC ACGIH CAL/OSHA
Carbon Disulfide 1 ppm 8-hr TWA 1 ppm 8-hr TWA 4 ppm 8-hr TWA12 ppm STEL
Dichloroacetic Acid 0.1 ppm 8-hr TWA 0.5 ppm 8-hr TWA ---
Hydrogen Fluoride 0.4 ppm 8-hr TWA1 ppm STEL
0.5 ppm 8-hr TWA 3 ppm 8-hr TWA
Sulfuric Acid 0.1 mg/m3
8-hr TWA0.2 mg/m3 8-hr TWA
1 mg/m3 8-hr TWA
Toluene 10 ppm 8-hr TWA 20 ppm 8-hr TWA 50 ppm 8-hr TWA
Hydrogen Chloride 0.3 ppm 8-hr TWA2 ppm STEL
2 ppm C 5 ppm C
N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone 1-10 ppm 8-hr TWA
[AIHA – 10ppm 8-hr TWA]
---
Ethyl Benzene 0.5 – 7 ppm 8-hr TWA
100 ppm 8-hr TWA
100 ppm 8-hr TWA
64
SUBSTANCE HEAC ACGIH CAL/OSHA
Carbon Disulfide 1 ppm 8-hr TWA 1 ppm 8-hr TWA 4 ppm 8-hr TWA12 ppm STEL
Dichloroacetic Acid 0.1 ppm 8-hr TWA 0.5 ppm 8-hr TWA ---
Hydrogen Fluoride 0.4 ppm 8-hr TWA1 ppm STEL
0.5 ppm 8-hr TWA 3 ppm 8-hr TWA
Sulfuric Acid 0.1 mg/m3
8-hr TWA0.2 mg/m3 8-hr TWA
1 mg/m3 8-hr TWA
Toluene 10 ppm 8-hr TWA 20 ppm 8-hr TWA 50 ppm 8-hr TWA
Hydrogen Chloride 0.3 ppm 8-hr TWA2 ppm STEL
2 ppm C 5 ppm C
N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone 1-10 ppm 8-hr TWA
[AIHA – 10ppm 8-hr TWA]
---
Ethyl Benzene 0.5 – 7 ppm 8-hr TWA
100 ppm 8-hr TWA
100 ppm 8-hr TWA
Naphthalene 0.04 – 0.75 ppm 8-hr TWA
10 ppm 8-hr TWA
10 ppm 8-hr TWA
65
SUBSTANCE HEAC ACGIH CAL/OSHA
Trichloroethylene 0.4 ppm 8-hr TWA 10 ppm 8-hr TWA 25 ppm 8-hr TWA
Wood Dust 1.0 mg/m3 8-hr TWA
1.0 mg/m3 8-hr TWA
5.0 mg/m3 8-hr TWA
67
SUBSTANCE HEAC ACGIH CAL/OSHA
Trichloroethylene 0.4 ppm 8-hr TWA 10 ppm 8-hr TWA 25 ppm 8-hr TWA
Wood Dust 1.0 mg/m3 8-hr TWA
1.0 mg/m3 8-hr TWA
5.0 mg/m3 8-hr TWA
Western Red Cedar 0.5 mg/m3 8-hr TWA
0.5 mg/m3 8-hr TWA
2.5 mg/m3 8-hr TWA
68
SUBSTANCE HEAC ACGIH CAL/OSHA
Trichloroethylene 0.4 ppm 8-hr TWA 10 ppm 8-hr TWA 25 ppm 8-hr TWA
Wood Dust 1.0 mg/m3 8-hr TWA
1.0 mg/m3 8-hr TWA
5.0 mg/m3 8-hr TWA
Western Red Cedar 0.5 mg/m3 8-hr TWA
0.5 mg/m3 8-hr TWA
2.5 mg/m3 8-hr TWA
Benzyl Chloride 0.03 ppm 8-hr TWA
1.0 ppm 8-hr TWA
1.0 ppm 8-hr TWA
69
SUBSTANCE HEAC ACGIH CAL/OSHA
Trichloroethylene 0.4 ppm 8-hr TWA 10 ppm 8-hr TWA 25 ppm 8-hr TWA
Wood Dust 1.0 mg/m3 8-hr TWA
1.0 mg/m3 8-hr TWA
5.0 mg/m3 8-hr TWA
Western Red Cedar 0.5 mg/m3 8-hr TWA
0.5 mg/m3 8-hr TWA
2.5 mg/m3 8-hr TWA
Benzyl Chloride 0.03 ppm 8-hr TWA
1.0 ppm 8-hr TWA 1.0 ppm 8-hr TWA
1,1,2,2 Tetrabromoethane
0.03 ppm 8-hr TWA
0.1 ppm 8-hr TWA
1.0 ppm 8-hr TWA
70