California World Ocean: Shoreline Armoring and the Ocean Economy
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Transcript of California World Ocean: Shoreline Armoring and the Ocean Economy
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THE IMPACT OF SHORELINE ARMORING ON CALIFORNIA’S OCEAN ECONOMY
CALIFORNIA AND THE WORLD OCEANSEPTEMBER 2010
CHAD NELSENSURFRIDER FOUNDATION
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CA TOURISM & RECREATION
(Kildow & Colgan 2005)
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THE CA BEACH ECONOMY
USE 13.1 Million Californians visited beaches
(Leeworthy 2001)
150 million beach visits (Pendleton & Kildow 2006)
ECONOMICS $14 Billion in direct revenues (King, 1999)
~$8 Billion in non-market value (Pendleton & Kildow 2006)
Beach loss: $8.3 billion (King & Symes 2003)
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CA COASTAL EROSION
(Griggs 2005)
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SHORELINE ARMORING
Statewide Ventura, LA, Orange & San Diego County
(Griggs 2005)
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CA COASTAL ACT Section 30225
Shoreline armoring shall be permitted when required to protect existing structures in danger from erosion
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CA COASTAL ACT: MITIGATION
…and when designed to eliminate or mitigate adverse impacts on local shoreline sand supply.
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CCC APPROACHES TO MIGITATION SAND (Engineering question)
CCC Procedural Guidance Document
LOST RECREATION (Economics question) 2004: Ocean Harbor House: Acreage Approach 2005: Las Brisas: Amenity Approach 2009: Neptune: Replacement Approach 2010: City of Solana Beach: Site Specific Study
BEACH ECOSYSTEMS (Ecosystem services question) Not included
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CONCLUSIONS
Beaches: important to CA Ocean Economy
CCA continues to allow shoreline armoring
Mitigation for beach loss is incomplete
Mitigation program needs improvement
Alternatives to armoring are essential
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RECOMMENDATIONS
Standardize Recreational Value Approach
Day use value
Climate change
Procedural Guidance Document
Develop ecosystem services model
Research on beach ecosystem service values
Seek alternative to armoring: Managed Retreat
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QUESTIONS
What does mitigation of adverse impacts mean?
Where does the money go?
Will it be enough?
What does the future look like with a robust mitigation program?
Are there better alternatives? What are they?
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CHAD NELSENemail: [email protected]: chadenelsenblog: surfeconomics.blogspot.com