Cac Lenh Router CCNA
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Transcript of Cac Lenh Router CCNA
Ni dung Trang
Phn I Gii thiu v cc thit b Cisco 3
Chng 1 Cc loi cp v cc loi kt ni 3
Chng 2 Giao din Command-Line Interface 7
Phn IICu hnh Cisco Router 12
Chng 3Cu hnh mt Cisco Router 12
Phn III nh tuyn 23
Chng 4 Giao thc nh tuyn tnh 23
Chng 5 Giao thc nh tuyn RIP 27
Chng 6 Giao thc nh tuyn EIGRP 31
Chng 7 OSPF n vng 38
Phn IV Chuyn Mch (Switching) 48
Chng 8Cu hnh mt Switch 48
Chng 9VLAN 56
Chng 10 VTP v Inter-Vlan Routing 60
Chng 11 STP v EtherChannel 73
Phn VM rng mng LAN 89
Chng 12 Trin khai mt Wireless LAN 89
Phn VI Qun tr mng v x l li 111
Chng 13D phng v khi phc phn mm Cisco IOS v cc file cu hnh 111
Chng 14 Cc bc khi phc Mt khu v Configuration Register 117
Chng 15 Giao thc CDP 123
Chng 16 Telnet v SSH 124
Chng 17 Cc cu lnh Ping v Traceroute 126
Chng 18 SNMP v Syslog 129
Chng 19C bn x l li 130
Phn VII Qun l cc dch v IP 135
Chng 20 Network Address Translation (NAT) 135
Chng 21 DHCP 142
Chng 22 Ipv6 148
Phn VIII WAN 158
Chng 23 HDLC v PPP 158
Chng 24 Frame Relay 162
Phn IXBo mt mng 171
Chng 25 Access Control List (ACL) 171
Phn I GII THIU V CC THIT B CISCO
Chng 1: Cc loi cp v cc loi kt ni
Chng 2: Giao din Command-Line
Chng 1: Cc loi cp v cc loi kt ni
Chng ny s cung cp nhng thng tin v cc cu lnh c lin quan n nhng ch
sau:
- Kt ni Router hoc Switch s dng cp Rollover
- Xc nh cc thng s ci t trn PC thc hin kt ni Router hoc Switch.
- Tm hiu v phng php cu hnh ca nhng kt ni Lan khc nhau.
- Xc nh cc loi cp Serial khc nhau.
- Xc nh cc loi cp c s dng kt ni router hoc switch n cc thit b khc.
1. Kt ni Router hoc Switch s dng cp Rollover.
- Hnh 1-1: Hin th phng php kt ni t PC n switch hoc router thng qua cp
Rollover.
Hnh 1-1
2. Xc nh cc thng s ci t trn PC thc hin kt ni Router hoc Switch.
- Hnh 1-2 s hin th hnh m t phng php cu hnh trn PC kt ni n router hoc
switch thng qua cp Rollover.Hnh 1-2
3. Cc kt ni LAN.
- Bng 1-1 s hin th cc loi port khc nhau v cc loi kt ni khc nhau gia cc thit
b LANPort hoc
Kt niLoi Port Kt ni trc tip n Cp
Ethernet RJ-45 Ethernet Switch RJ-45
T1/E1 RJ-48C/CA81A Mng T1 hoc E1 Rollover
Console 8 pin Computer COM Port Rollover
AUX 8 pin Modem RJ-45
BRI S/T RJ-48C/CA81A Thit b NT1 hoc PINX RJ-45
BRI U WAN RJ-49C/CA11A Mng ISDN RJ-45
4. Cc loi cp Serial.
- Hnh 1-3 s hin th u cp DB-60 ca mt cp serial dng kt ni n cc router
2500.
- Hinh 1-4 s hin th u cp Smart Serial ca mt loi cp serial c dng kt ni
n Port Smart Serial trn router. Cc port smart serial c th tm thy trn modular ca
cc router, nh ISR (x800), hoc trn cc modular router c nh: 1700 hoc 2600.
- Hnh 1-5 s hin th u cp DTE c v DTE ci, l u cp cn li trn cc loi cp
serial.
- Thng thng cc my xch tay ngy nay ch c cc port USB, khng c cc port Serial.
V vy, bn cn trang b thm mt u ni chuyn i t USB sang Serial (USB-to-Serial),
hin th trong hnh 1-6.
Hnh 1-3: Cp Serial (2500)
Hnh 1-4: Cp Smart Serial (1700, 1800, 2600, 2800).
Hnh 1-5: Cp V35 DTE v DCE.
Hnh 1-6: u chuyn i t USB sang Serial cho Labtop.
5. Phng php s dng cc loi cp Serial.
- Bng 1-2 s m t cch s dng cc loi cp serial. iu ny rt quan trng chc
chn rng bn ci t ng cc loi cp.
Bng 1-2: Phng php s dng cc loi cp kt ni thit b.If Device A Has A: And Device B Has A: Then Use This Cable:
Cng COM trn my tnh Cng Console
ca
Router/switch Rollover
Card NIC ca my tnh Switch Cp thng
Card NIC ca my tnh Card NIC ca my tnh Cp cho
Cng ca switch Cng Ethernet ca Router Cp thng
Cng ca switch Cng ca switch Cp cho
Cng Ethernet ca RouterCng Ethernet ca Router Cp cho
Card NIC ca my tnh Cng Ethernet ca Router Cp cho
Cng Serial ca Router Cng Serial ca Router Cp serial DCE/DTE
- Bng 1-3 l danh sch v tr cc PIN ca cc loi cp: Thng, cho, v cp Rollover.
Bng 1-3: V tr ca cc PIN trn cc loi cp khc nhau.Cp thng Cp cho Cp Rollover
Pin 1 Pin 1 Pin 1 Pin 3 Pin 1 Pin 8
Pin 2 Pin 2 Pin 2 Pin 6 Pin 2 Pin 7
Pin 3 Pin 3 Pin 3 Pin 1 Pin 3 Pin 6
Pin 4 Pin 4 Pin 4 Pin 4 Pin 4 Pin 5
Pin 5 Pin 5 Pin 5 Pin 5 Pin 5 Pin 4
Pin 6 Pin 6 Pin 6 Pin 2 Pin 6 Pin 3
Pin 7 Pin 7 Pin 7 Pin 7 Pin 7 Pin 2
Pin 8 Pin 8 Pin 8 Pin 8 Pin 8 Pin 1
Chng 2: Giao din Command-Line.
Chng ny s cung cp nhng thng tin v cc cu lnh c lin quan n nhng ch
sau:
- Cc cu lnh tt.
- S dng phm Tab hon thnh cu lnh
- S dng phm ? tr gip.
- Cu lnh: enable
- Cu lnh: exit
- Cu lnh: disable
- Cu lnh: logout
- Ch cu hnh Setup.
- Phm tr gip.
- Cc cu lnh thc thi.
- Cu lnh: Show
1. Cc cu lnh tt.
- s dng cc cu lnh c hiu qu hn, phn mm Cisco IOS c mt s cu lnh c
php nhp tt. Mc d vy phng php ny li c s dng rt nhiu trong thc t khi
lm vic vi phn mm Cisco IOS, nhng khi bn tin hnh cc bi thi ca Cisco, th chc
chn rng bn cn phi lm c cc cu lnh y .Router> enable = Router> enab = Router> en Cc bn c th nhp vo mt cu lnh y hoc mt cu lnh tt th phn mm Cisco IOS cng c th thc thi c. Nhng cc bn cn phi lu mt iu l cu lnh tt phi l duy nht khi nhp vo.
Router# configure terminal Cng tng t nh cu lnh di : Router# config t
2. S dng phm Tab hon thnh cu lnh :
- Khi bn ang nhp vo mt cu lnh, bn c th s dng phm Tab trn bn phm
hon thnh cu lnh. Nhp vo mt vi k t u tin ca cu lnh v nhn phm Tab. Nu
nhng k t bn nhp vo l duy nht ca cu lnh ny th, cc k t cn li ca cu lnh
s hin th ra mn hnh.
Router# sh -> nhn phm Tab =
Router# show
3. S dng phm ? tr gip.
- Nhng v d trong bng di y s hng dn phng php s dng phm ? c th
tr gip bn hin th ra nhng tham s cn li ca mt cu lnh no .
Router# ? Hin th tt c cc cu lnh c kh nng thc thi ch hin thi (ch Privileged)
Router# c? Hin th tt c cc cu lnh bt u t k t c
Router# cl? Hin th tt c cc cu lnh bt u t
cc k t cl
Router# clock Nhc nh bn s cn nhiu tham s khc
% Imcomplete command na ca cu lnh ny m cn phi nhp vo.
Router# clock ? Set Hin th tt c cc cu lnh ph ca cu lnh ny (trong trng hp ny, Set, dng t cc tham s ngy thng, v thi gian)
Router# clock set 19:50:00 14 July 2007 ? Nhn phm Enter xc nhn li thi gian v ngy thng c cu hnh.
Router# Khng c mt thng bo li no c a ra c ngha l cu lnh nhp vo thnh cng.
4. Cu lnh EnableRouter> enable Chuyn ngi dng t ch cu hnh
Router# User vo ch cu hnh Privileged
5. Cu lnh ExitRouter# exit Thot khi ch cu hnh ca Router.
Hoc
Router> exit
Router(config-if)# exit Router(config)# Chuyn ngi dng thot ra khi mt cp cu hnh
Router(config)# exit Router# Chuyn ngi dng thot ra khi mt cp cu hnh
6. Cu lnh DisableRouter# disable Chuyn ngi dng t ch cu hnh
Router> Privileged ra ngoi ch cu hnh User.
7. Cu lnh LogoutRouter# logout Thc thi chc nng ging cu lnh exit
8. Ch cu hnh Setup
- Ch cu hnh Setup l ch cu hnh khi ng t ng nu trong qu trnh khi
ng router khng tm thy file startup-config.
Router# setup Vo ch cu hnh Setup t giao din
Command Line.
* ch : Bn khng th s dng ch cu hnh Setup cu hnh ton b cc tham s
trn router. ch ny bn ch c th cu hnh c bn cho router. Cho v d, bn c th
cu hnh duy nht RIPv1 hoc IGRP, nhng khng th no cu hnh giao thc nh tuyn
OSPF hoc EIGRP. Bn khng th to ACL y hoc enable NAT hot ng. Bn c th
gn mt a ch IP cho mt Interface, nhng khng th no gn cho mt subinterface. Tm
li, ch cu hnh Setup th cc tnh nng cu hnh trn router s c gii hn. Cisco
khng khuyn khch cc bn cu hnh cc tham s ca router trong ch Setup. Thay vo
, bn c th s dng giao din Command-Line (CLI), bn c th cu hnh y tnh
nng ca router t giao din ny:
Would you like to enter the initial configuration dialog? [yes] : no
Would you like to enable autoinstall? [yes] : no9. Phm tr gip
- Cc t hp phm trong bng di y s tr gip bn trong qu trnh chnh sa cc cu
lnh ca Cisco IOS. Bi v bn cn thc thi li nhng cu lnh hoc nhng nhim v lm
vo thi im trc, phn mm Cisco IOS cung cp cho bn cc t hp phm bn c th
x l cc cu lnh mt cch hiu qu hn.
Router#config t ^ Hin th ni m bn nhp cu lnh b sai
% Invalid input detected at ^ marker.
Router#config t Router(config)#
Ctrl A Di chuyn con tr v u dng
Esc B Di chuyn con tr v trc mt t
Ctrl B Di chuyn con tr trc mt k t
Ctrl E Di chuyn con tr v cui dng
Ctrl F Di chuyn con tr v sau mt k t
Esc F Di chuyn con tr v sau mt t
Ctrl Z Di chuyn con tr t mi ch cu hnh tr v ch cu hnh Privileged
Router# terminal no editing Tt kh nng s dng cc phm tt
Router# terminal editing Bt li kh nng s dng cc phm tt v s dng cc t hp phm trong qu trnh x dng cu lnh.
10. Cc cu lnh thc thi (History command)
Ctrl P gi li cc cu lnh nm trong b m history, bt u t cu lnh thc thi gn y nht.
Ctrl N Tr v cc cu lnh va thc thi trong b m history sau khi gi li cc cu lnh vi t hp phm Ctrl P
Terminal history size_number Cu hnh cc dng lnh s c php lu vo trong b m history cho php bn c th gi li nhng cu lnh ny (ln nht l 256 cu lnh).
Router# terminal history size 25 Router ch c th lu c ti a l 25 cu lnh c thc thi vo trong b m history
Router# no terminal history size 25 Cu hnh router tr v mc nh ch lu c 10 cu lnh thc thi vo trong
b m history.
* Ch : cu lnh history size cung cp chc nng tng t nh cu lnh: terminal
history size.
11. Cc cu lnh ShowRouter# show version Hin th cc thng tin v phn mm Cisco IOS hin thi.
Router# show flash Hin th cc thng tin v b nh Flash
Router# show history Hin th tt c cc cu lnh c lu tr trong b m history.
Phn II CU HNH ROUTER
Chng 3 Cu hnh Cisco Router
Chng ny s bao gm nhng thng tin v cc cu lnh c lin quan n nhng ch
sau:
- Cc ch cu hnh ca router.
- Ch Global Configuration.
- Cu hnh router vi cc tham s sau:
+ Names
+ Passwords
+ Password m ha
+ Tn cc Interface
+ Di chuyn gia cc Interface.
+ Cu hnh Interface Serial
+ Cu hnh Interface Fast Ethernet
+ To message-of-the-day (MOTD) banner.
+ To mt login banner
+ Cu hnh thi gian.
+ Gn mt host name vi mt a ch IP.
+ Cu lnh: no ip domain-lookup
+ Cu lnh: logging synchronous
+ Cu lnh exec-timeout
+ Lu file cu hnh
+ Xa file cu hnh.
- Cc cu lnh show kim tra cu hnh router.
- Cc cu lnh trong ch cu hnh EXEC: Cu lnh do.
1. Cc ch cu hnh ca RouterRouter> Ch User.
Router# Ch Privileged (cng c gi l ch EXEC)
Router(config)# Ch Global Configuration
Router(config-if)# Ch Interface Configuration
Router(config-subif)# Ch Subinterface Configuration
Router(config-line)# Ch cu hnh Line.
Router(config-router)# Ch Router Configuration
2. Ch Global Configuration
Router> Gii hn cc cu lnh m ngi dng c
th thc thi c. i vi ch cu
hnh ny ngi dng ch c kh nng hin th cc thng s cu hnh trn
router. Khng th cu hnh thay i
cc thng s cu hnh v hot ng ca
router.
Router# Bn c th nhn thy file cu hnh v
thay i cc tham s cu hnh trn file
cu hnh .
Router# configure terminal Chuyn ngi dng vo ch Global
Router(config)# Configuration. Vi ch ny bn s c th bt u cu hnh nhng thay i cho
router.
3. Cu hnh cc tham s c bn cho router
3.1. Cu hnh Router Name
- Cu lnh ny thc thi c trn c cc thit b router v switch ca cisco.
Router(config)# hostname Cisco Cu hnh tn cho router m bn mun
Cisco(config)# chn.
3.2. Cu hnh Passwords
- Nhng cu lnh sau c php thc thi trn cc thit b Router v Switch ca Cisco.
Router(config)# enable passwork cisco Cu hnh enable password
Router(config)# enable secret class Cu hnh password m ha ca ch
enable.
Router(config)# line console 0 Vo ch line console
Router(config-line)# password console Cu hnh password cho line console
Router(config-line)# login Cho php kim tra password khi login
vo router bng port console.
Router(config)# line vty 0 4 Vo ch line vty cho php telnet
Router(config-line)# password telnet Cu hnh password cho php telnet
Router(config-line)# login Cho php kim tra password khi ngi
dng telnet vo router
Router(config)# line aux 0 Vo ch line auxiliary
Router(config-line)# password Cu hnh password cho line aux
backdoor Router(config-line)# login Cho php router kim tra password khi ngi dng login vo router thng qua port AUX.
* Ch : enable secret password l loi password s c m ha theo mc nh.
Enable password s khng c m ha. Vi l do , Cisco khuyn khch cc bn khng
nn s dng password enable cu hnh. S dng duy nht cu lnh enable secret
password trong router hoc switch cu hnh.
3.3 M ha Password
Router(config)# service password-encryption Khi cu lnh c thc thi trn router hoc switch th tt c cc loi password trn router hoc switch s c m
ha. (Tr enable secret password).
Router(config)# enable password cisco Cu hnh enable password l cisco
Router(config)# line console 0 Router(config-line)# password console Router(config-line)# login Cu hnh password cho line console l console
...
Router(config)# no service password-encryption Tt tnh nng m router hoc switch. ha password trn
3.4. Tn cc Interface ca Router
- Mt vn ln nht i vi cc qun tr mng mi l phn bit tn ca cc Interface
trn cc dng router khc nhau. Vi tt c cc thit b Cisco khc nhau trong h thng
mng ngy nay, th mt s qun tr mng ang rt lng tng trong vic phn bit tn ca
cc Interface trn router.
- Vi bng bn di cc bn c th nhn thy mt s cc loi interface trn cc dng router
khc nhau. Trn mi router cc bn c th s dng cu lnh sau xc nh cc interface
ang hot ng trn router.
Router# show ip interface briefRouter Model Port Location/Slot Number Slot/Port Type Slot Numbering Range Example
2501 On board Ethernet Interface-type number Ethernet0 (e0)
On board Serial Interface-type number Serial0 (S0) v S1
2514 On board Ethernet Interface-E0 v E1
type number
On board Serial Interface-S0 v S1
type number
1721 On board Fast Ethernet Interface-Fastethernet0
type number (fa0)
Slot 0 WAC (WIN Interface-S0 v S1
Interface (Serial)
Card) type number
1760 On board Fast Ethernet Interface-type 0/port Fa0/0
Slot 0 WIC/VIC (Voice interface card) Interface-type 0/port S0/0 v S0/1 V0/0 v V0/1
Slot 1 WIC /VIC Interface-type 1/port S1/0 v S1/1 V1/0 v V1/1
Sot 2 VIC Interface-type 2/port V2/0 v v2/1
Slot 3 VIC Interface-type 3/port V3/0 v V3/1
2610 On board Ethernet Interface-type 0/port E0/0
Slot 0 WIC (Serial) Interface-type 0/port S0/0 v S0/1
2620 On board Fast Ethernet Interface-type 0/port Fa0/0
Slot 0 WIC (serial) Interface-type 0/port S0/0 v s0/1
2621 On board Fast ethernet Interface-type 0/port Fa0/0 v fa0/1
Slot 0 WIC (serial) Interface-type 0/port S0/0 v S0/1
1841 On board Fast Ethernet Interface-type 0/port Fa0/0 v fa0/1
Slot 0 High-speed WAN Interface card (HWIC)/ WIC / VWIC Interface-type 0/slot/port S0/0/0 s0/0/1
Slot 1 HWIC/WIC/VWIC Interface-type 0/slot/port S0/1/0 s0/1/1
2801 On board Fast Ethernet Interface-type 0/port Fa0/0 v fa0/1
Slot 0 VIC /VWIC (voice only) Interface-type 0/slot/port V0/0/0 v0/0/3
Slot 1 HWIC/WIC/VWIC Interface-type 0/1/0-0/1/3 (single-wide
0/slot/port HWIC) 0/1/00/1/7 (double-wide HWIC)
Slot 2 WIC/VIC/ VWIC Interface-type 0/slot/ 0/2/00/2/3
port
Slot 3 HWIC/WIC/ VWIC Interface-type 0/slot/ port 0/3/00/3/3 (single-wide HWIC) 0/3/00/3/7 (double-wide HWIC)
2811 Built in to USB Interface-usb0 & usb 1
chassis front type port
Built in to chassis rear Fast Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet Interface-type 0/port fa0/0 & fa0/1 gi0/0 & gi0/1
Slot 0 HWIC/HWICD/ WIC/VWIC/ VIC Interface-type 0/slot/ port s0/0/0 & s0/0/1 fa0/0/0 & 0/0/1
Slot 1 HWIC/HWICD/ WIC/VWIC/ VIC Interface-type 0/slot/ port s0/1/0 & s0/1/1 fa0/1/0 & 0/1/1
NME slot NM/NME Interface-type 1/port gi1/0 & gi1/1 s1/0 & s1/1
3.5. Di chuyn gia cc Interface
Rouer(config)#
interface s0/0/0 Chuyn vo ch
Serial Interface
Configuration Router(config)#
interface s0/0/0 Chuyn vo ch
Serial Interface
Configuration
Router(config-if)#
exit Tr li ch
Global
configuration Router(config-if)#
interface fa0/0 Chuyn trc tip
sang ch cu
hnh ca Interface Fast Ethernet 0/0 t ch cu hnh
ca mt Interface khc
Router(config)#
interface fa0/0 Chuyn vo ch
cu hnh ca
Interface Fast
Ethertnet Router(config-if)# ang trong ch
cu hnh ca
Interface Fast
Ethernet
3.6. Cu hnh Interface Serial
Router(config)# interface s0/0/0 Chuyn vo ch Interface S0/0/0. cu hnhca
Router(config-if)# description Link to ISP Li m t cho Interface Serial ny. (y l ty chn).
Router(config-if)# ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0 Gn mt a ch ip v subnet mask cho interface Serial ny.
Router(config-if)# clock rate 56000 Cu hnh gi tr Clock rate cho Interface (Ch cu hnh cu lnh ny Khi interface l DCE).
Router(config-if)# no shutdown Bt Interface.
3.7. Cu hnh Interface Fast Ethernet
Router(config)# interface Fastethernet 0/0 Chuyn vo ch cu Interface Fast Ethernet 0/0 hnhca
Router(config-if)# description Accounting LAN Cu hnh li m t cho Interface. (y l ty chn)
Router(config-if)# ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0 Gn mt a ch ip v subnet mask cho Interface
Router(config-if)# no shutdown Bt Interface.
3.9. To Messga-of-the-Day Banner
Router(config)# banner motd $ This is
banner motd $ nh ngha mt on thng ip s c
a ra khi ngi dng login vo router.
on thng ip s c t trong
mt cp k t c bit.
3.10. To Login Banner.
Router(config)# banner login $ This is
banner login $ nh ngha mt on thng ip s c
a ra khi ngi dng login vo router.
on thng ip s c t trong
mt cp k t c bit.
* Ch : login banner s c hin th trc du nhc nhp username v password. S
dng cu lnh no banner login disable login banner. MOTD banner s hin th trc
login banner.
3.11 Cu hnh Clock time Zone
Router(config)# clock timezone EST -5 Cu hnh vng thi gian s c hin th.
3.12 Gn mt host name cho mt a ch IP
Router(config)# ip host london
172.16.1.3 Gn mt host name cho mt a ch IP.
Sau khi cu lnh c thc thi,
bn c th s dng host name thay v s
dng a ch IP khi bn thc hin telnet
hoc ping n a ch IP .
Router# ping london C hai cu lnh thc thi chc nng
nh nhau, sau khi bn gn a ch IP
vi mt host name.
=
Router# ping 172.16.1.3
* Ch : Theo mc nh th ch s port trong cu lnh ip host l 23, hoc Telnet. Nu bn
mun Telnet n mt thit b, th bn c th thc hin theo mt trong s cc cch sau:
Router# london = Router# telnet lodon = Router# telnet 172.16.1.33.12. Cu lnh no ip domain-lookupRouter(config)# no ip domain-lookup Tt tnh nng t ng phn di mt cu
Router(config)# lnh nhp vo khng ng sang mt host
name.
3.13. Cu lnh logging synchronousRouter(config)# line console 0 Chuyn cu hnh vo ch line.
Router(config-line)# logging Bt tnh nng synchronous logging.
synchronous Nhng thng tin hin th trn mn hnh
console s khng ngt cu lnh m bn
ang g.
3.14. Cu lnh exec-timeoutRouter(config)# line console 0 Chuyn cu hnh vo ch line.
Router(config-line)# exec-timeout 0 0 Cu hnh thi gian gii hn mn hnh
console s t ng log off. Cu hnh
tham s 0 0 (pht giy) th ng ngha
vi vic console s khng bao gi b log
off.
3.15. Lu file cu hnh
Router# copy running-config startup-
config Lu file cu hnh ang chy trn RAM
(file running config) vo NVRAM.
Router# copy running-config tftp Lu file cu hnh ang chy trn RAM vo
mt server TFTP.
3.16. Xa file cu hnh
Router# erase startup-config Xa file cu hnh ang lu trong NVRAM.
3.17. Cc cu lnh ShowRouter#show ? Hin th tt c cc cu lnh show c kh
nng thc thi.
Router#show interfaces Hin th trng thi cho tt c cc Interface.
Router#show interface serial 0/0/0 Hin th trng thi cho mt interface c ch ra
Router#show ip interface brief Hin th cc thng tin tng qut nht cho tt c cc interface, bao gm trng thi v a ch IP c gn.
Router#show controllers serial 0/0/0 Hin th cc thng tin v phn cng ca mt interface.
Router#show clock Hin th thi gian ccu hnh trn
router.
Router#show hosts Hin th bng host. (Bng ny c cha cc danh mc nh x gia mt a ch ip vi mt host name).
Router#show users Hin th cc user ang kt ni trc tip vo thit b.
Router#show history Hin th cc cu lnh thc thi trn router ang lu trong b m history
Router#show flash Hin th thng tin v b nh Flash.
Router#show version Hin th cc thng tin v IOS.
Router#show arp Hin th bng ARB.
Router#show protocols Hin th trng thi ca cc giao thc layer 3 cu hnh trn router.
Router#show startup-config Hin th file cu hnh Startup c lu trong NVRAM
Router#show running-config Hin th cu hnh ang chy trn RAM.
3.18. Cc cu lnh trong ch cu hnh EXEC: Cu lnh doRouter(config)# do show running-Cu lnh show running-config ch c
config thc hin ch privileged, nhng khi
a t kha do vo trc cu lnh ny
th bn c th thc thi cu lnh ch
Global configuration.
Router(config)# Router s tr v ch Global
configuration sau khi cu lnh trn c
thc thi.
4. V d: Cu hnh c bn Router
Hnh 3-1 l s mng cho v d cu hnh router, trong v d ny s biu din cu hnh
cc tham s c bn ca router s dng cc cu lnh trong phm vi ca chng ny.
Hnh 3-1
4.1 Trn Router BostonRouter> enable Chuyn vo ch Privileged.
Router# clock set 18:30:00 Juny 2008 Cu hnh thi gian cho router.
Router# configure terminal Chuyn vo ch Global Configuration.
Router(config)# hostname Boston Cu hnh tn cho router l Boston.
Router(config)# no ip domain-lookup Tt tnh nng t ng phn gii tn cho cc cu lnh nhp sai.
Boston(config)# banner motd # This is the Boston Router Authorized Access
Only # To mt banner MOTD.
Boston(config)# clock timezone EST -5 Cu hnh vng thi gian l Eastern Standard Time
Boston(config)# enable secret cisco Cu hnh mt khu enable secret l Cisco
Boston(config)# service password-encryption Thc hin m ha tt c cc password trn router
Boston(config)# line console 0 Vo ch cu hnh line console.
Boston(config-line)# logging synchronous
Bt tnh nng synchronous logging. Nhng thng tin hin th trn mn hnh
console s khng ngt cu lnh m bn
ang g.
Boston(config-line)# password class Cu hnh mt khu Class. cho line console l
Boston(config-line)# login Cho php router kim tra mt khu khi ngi dng login vo router qua cng console.
Boston(config-line)# line aux 0 Vo ch line aux.
Boston(config-line)# password class Cu hnh Class. mt khu chocng aux l
Boston(config-line)# login Cho php router kim tra mt khu khi ngi dng login vo router qua cng
aux.
Boston(config-line)# exit Chuyn v cu hnh Global.
Boston(config)# no service password-Tt tnh nng m ha mt khu.
Boston(config)# interface fasethernet 0/0 Chuyn vo interface fa0/0 ch cu hnhca
Boston(config-if)# description Engineering LAN Cu hnh li m t cho Interface Fa0/0.
Boston(config-if)# ip address 172.16.10.1 255.255.255.0 Gn mt a ch ip v Subnet mask cho Interface fa0/0 ca router.
Boston(config-if)# no shutdown Bt Interface.
Boston(config)# interface serial 0/0/0 Chuyn vo ch interface s0/0/0 cu hnhca
Boston(config-if)# description Link to Buffalo Router Cu hnh li m t cho interface s0/0/0 ca router.
Boston(config)# ip address 172.16.20.1 255.255.255.252 Gn a ch ip v subnet mask interface s0/0/0 ca router Boston. cho
Boston(config-if)# clock rate 56000 Gn gi tr Clock rate S0/0/0. Bn phi chc DCE s phi c cm s0/0/0 ca router Boston. cho chnvo interface rng cp Interface
Boston(config-if)# no shutdown Bt Interface.
Boston(config-if)# exit Chuyn ra ch cu hnh Global
Configuration.
Boston(config)# ip host buffalo Gn mt a ch ip cho mt host name
172.16.20.2 thc hin vic phn di gia a ch ip v
tn.
