C. Street, G. Frazee, C. Fredrickson, October Rheology as ... · C. Street, G. Frazee, C....
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C. Street, G. Frazee, C. Fredrickson,
I. Harvey, T.H. Killilea
October 2014 Rheology as a Tool for
Sealant Formulation – Part I
Acknowledgements: K. Kirkwood, R. Simon, K. Porter
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Speaker Introduction
• Carrie Street – Materials Engineer II, Engineered Polymer Solutions – BS in Chemical Engineering (University of Oklahoma 2007) – PhD in Chemical Engineering (University of Delaware 2012) – Engineered Polymer Solutions (2012 – Present)
• Lead physical sciences research team • Fundamental understanding of physical and thermal
behavior of polymers and formulated systems
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Agenda
• Sealant Formulation Strategy
• Rheology – Background and Key Terms
• Quantitative Measurements
– Target Parameters
• Conclusions
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Water Based Latex Sealants: Start to Finish
Iterative process
based on experience/
trial and error
Application Formulation Final
Properties
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Standard Tests for Wet Sealants
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• Dispensing (ASTM C1183)
• Slump (ASTM D2202)
• Tooling – Sliding
• Tooling – Tapping
Slump: www.pgtgage.com/adhesionsealant.html Extrudability: http://www.diytrade.com/china/pd/6047300/Caulking_gun_sealant_gun_Extrusion_machine.html
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Application Formulation Final
Properties
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Sealants: Start to Finish
Quantify physical properties Use target parameters to Accelerate Product Development
Rheology
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Rheology for Physical Properties
7 Photo: www.tainstruments.com
G’ = elastic character G’’ = liquid character Examples: rubber sealants water
Sealant
Apply Force (γ, strain)
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Rheology Procedure to Simulate Tooling
8 adapted from Mezger, “The Rheology Handbook,” European Coatings Tech Files
Pressing Finger/Tool Releasing
Finger/Tool
Tooling elastic
character
liquid character
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Relating Rheology to Standard Tests: Pressing Finger/Tool
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elastic character
(increasing Force )
liquid character
improve tooling-tapping
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Relating Rheology to Standard Tests: Tooling
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liquid character
elastic character
decrease to ease tooling
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elastic character
improve tooling-sliding
(decreasing Force )
Relating Rheology to Standard Tests: Removing Finger/Tool
liquid character
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Design of Experiments Formulation Variables
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Pigment to Binder
Volatile Oil
Surfactant
low high low
high
low
high
DOE Space
Two Thickener Levels (low and high)
understand multiple factors
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elastic character
liquid character
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decrease P:B
increase surfactant
increase volatile oil
increase thickener
Target Parameters for Product Development
precision formulation for optimum application
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Advantage of Rheology: Tooling-Tapping
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Standard Rating Rheological Measure
Pigment to Binder Level
Sur
fact
ant
Leve
l
Pigment to Binder Level
Rheology provides resolution and directionality
?
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Advantage of Rheology: Tooling-Sliding
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Standard Rating Rheological Measure
Volatile Oil Level
Thi
cken
er L
evel
Volatile Oil Level
Rheology provides resolution and directionality
?
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Conclusions: Rheology for Sealant Formulation – Part I
• Quantitative physical properties as target parameters for
product development
• Accelerated product development
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Application Formulation Final
Properties
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Future Work
Quantify final performance properties Use target parameters to Accelerate Product Development
Rheology