Fredrickson photosynthesis
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Transcript of Fredrickson photosynthesis
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ATP, Photosynthesis, and Respiration
ENERGY IN A CELL
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Life on Earth depends on the flow of energy:
• Respiration is one way living things get energy
• Photosynthesis is another way
• First we must look at cell energy… what is it???
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ENERGY is the ability to do work
• There are different states of energy: – kinetic or potential
• There are different forms of energy:– heat, mechanical, chemical, nuclear,
electromagnetic
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Your cells get CHEMICAL energy from foods eaten.
• Cells will store and release the energy as the body needs it
• The storage molecule is known as ATP
• ATP: Adenosine TriPhosphate
– molecule that stores and releases energy for a cell’s functioning
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• Energy for a cell comes from braking off a phosphate molecule… NOT directly from food itself
• Energy is stored by adding a phosphate molecule to a ADP (Adensosine DiPhosphate) molecule to create an ATP molecule
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Cells use energy to maintain HOMEOSTASIS
• Homeostasis is balance of molecules inside and outside the cell
• Energy is also used for:– enzymes– building cell or body parts– eliminating waste– transporting molecules– basically, for EVERYTHING!!
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PHOTOSYNTHESIS
• Photosynthesis is a process where plants trap the sun’s energy to create food (carbohydrates) for itself (ENERGY!!)
• Plants are autotrophs; they have the ability to make their own food
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The process of photosynthesis:
• Chemical formula for photosynthesis:– 6CO2 + 6H2O + E ----> C6H12O6 + 6O2
http://www.physicalgeography.net/fundamentals/9l.html
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• The E is light energy from the sun
• This light energy is changed to chemical energy inside the chloroplast of the plant cell. The energy is stored to help make food. (also known as the LIGHT REACTIONS)
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Steps to the Light Reactions:• Light from sun strikes chlorophyll, and an electron
(e-) aborbs energy• The e- leaves chlorphyll and is passed along other
molecules called the e- transport chain• As they travel the e- transport chain, extra energy
is stored in the plant as ATP
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Steps to the Light Reactions Continued:• Once the e- is gone, the chlorophyll picks up and
splits H2O (called photolysis)
• O2 is given off as waste (humans use!)
• H+ and O- ions are used in the Calvin cycle• http://www.phschool.com/science/biology_place/
biocoach/photosynth/calvin1.html
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The H from H2O and the C from the CO2 are used in the Calvin Cycle to produce the food molecules (carbos)
• CO2 enters plant through stems and leaves
• CO2 is changed to glucose (carbos)
• Plant uses the glucose (carbos) to keep surviving
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• Sometimes the plant will undergo CHEMOSYNTHESIS instead of photosynthesis if no light is present
• Animals use the plant (source of glucose or carbohydrates) for ENERGY
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6CO2 + 6H2O + E ----> C6H12O6 + 6O2
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6CO2 + 6H2O + E ----> C6H12O6 + 6O2
• The 6CO2 comes from aerobic respiration (the air animals breathe out) and the atmosphere
• The 6H2O comes from the rain, soil, urine from animals
• The C6H12O6 are carbohydrates, or food for the plant (animals eat this by eating the plant!)
• The 6O2 is a waste product from the light reactions; plants don’t want but humans do!