Micro-organisms CA 2005. Micro-organisms include….. Bacteria Fungi Viruses.
By Vanessa A, Emily A, and Vanessa C. - organisms that are not plants, animals, or fungi. -They...
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Transcript of By Vanessa A, Emily A, and Vanessa C. - organisms that are not plants, animals, or fungi. -They...
Protists
By Vanessa A, Emily A, and Vanessa C
WHAT ARE PROTISTS?
-organisms that are not plants, animals, or fungi. -They share characteristics with the organisms in the other kingdoms but differ from them in some way.Therefore because they do not fit into one of the three Eukaryotic kingdoms, they are all put into the “everything else” which makes Kingdom Protista the most diverse kingdom.
-The three groups of Protists are, Animal-Like, Plant-Like, and Fungus-Like
FUNGUS-LIKE PROTISTS
By: Vanessa Corridore
WHAT ARE FUNGUS LIKE PROTISTS? Fungus like protists are organisms that
are similar to fungi. They live in wet damp environments Create Spores to reproduce Come in a variety of shapes and colours
depending on the environment Slime Moulds can travel at a rate of 1/25
inch per hour
THE THREE TYPES OF FUNGUS LIKE PROTISTS
Plasmodial Slime Moulds: Phylum Myxomycota
Cellular Slime Moulds: Phylum Acrasiomycota
Water Moulds: Phylum Oomycota
PLASMODIAL SLIME MOULDS
Life Cycle:
Stage 1: Large colourful Blob
Stage 2: when food is scarce, the blob will separate into smaller blobs
Stage3: They will form a reproductive stalk and produce spores
Stage 4: These spores will eventually become new slime moulds.
Type Of reproduction: Sexual Reproduction, and Asexual Reproduction producing Spores
Habitat: Forests, dead/decaying waste and organisms, rotting piles of wood, composts, and thick wet lawns. They absorb nutrients from decaying waste and bacteria.
General Physical Structure:
External- Visible blob- like organism. Can look like slugs, Gooey or foamy Masses, and spilled Jelly. They may be bright orange, red, yellow, black, blue, or white.
Internal- eukaryotic, single cellular, nuclei are generally Diploid, one big cell wall surrounds entire organism.
CELLULAR SLIME MOULDS
Life Cycle:
Stage 1: spends most of its life as a amoeba-like cell
Stage 2: When food is scarce, it will send out signals to attract members of the same species. They will then gather together and form a slug-like organism.
Stage 3: This organism will then move to find food. When food is found it stops, absorbs nutrients, and produce asexual ``frutting bodies`` which develop spores
Stage 4: each spore will germinate into single amoeba -like cells
Type of Reproduction: Sexual and asexual
Habitat and diet: Forests, Composts, Dead or decaying material. Their diet consists of bacteria, and fungi from their waste.
General Physical Structure:
External: amoeba-like cell in stage 1 and 4. Slug-like organism in stage 2 and 3. Colour and shape similar to plasmodial slime.
Internal External: eukaryotic, nuclei are generally haploid, Spores produce haploid cells that fuse together during reproduction.
WATER MOULDS
Life Cycle: Stage 1: spends life absorbing nutrients from decaying wasteStage 2: creates spores to reproduceStage 3: hyphae in the spore form sexual structures , eggs and sperm
are producedStage 4: fertilization occurs and creates more water mould
Types of Reproduction: Sexually, and Asexually
Habitat: Live on dead and decaying matter in with fresh water, upper layers of moist soil
General Physical Structure: External: look like tiny threads with a hazy covering internal: eukaryotic, cells are diploid, Spores produce Haploid
Cells few are parasites, most are decomposers
FUNGUS – LIKE PROTISTS VS FUNGI
Similarities: Spores: small particles that allow the fungus-
like Protists to reproduce, similar to a plant seed.
Heterotrophs: cannot make their own food through photosynthesis, need to consume
other organisms to survive. (Heterotroph by absorption)
Differences: Cell Wall/membrane Composition:
lack Chitin, have cellulose insted They can move! 1/25 inch per hour
SUMMARYType: Description
Plasmodial Slime Moulds Single cell organism with thousands of nuclei. Looks like a colourful blob(s), moves slowly like an amoeba
Cellular Slime Moulds Single cell-like amoeba. Attracts other cells that gather together to form one large moving slug
Water Moulds Single cell organism. Looks like white hair like strands on decaying aquatic waste
ALL FUNGUS- LIKE PROTISTS -produce Spores
-Are Heterotrophs that absorb nutrients from decaying organisms
-Can Move Have Cellulose in their cell walls
-Live in damp wet environments such as forests, swamps, composts, and on dead or decaying
organisms. -Diet consists of Bacteria and other microorganisms - Play an important role in many forest ecosystems
by recycling and decomposing waste They reproduce both Sexually and Asexually Come in many different colours, shapes, sizes, and
forms depending on their surrounding environment
PLANT-LIKEPROTISTS
By: Vanessa Agnelli
I’m a protist!
WHAT ARE PLANT-LIKE PROTISTS?•Mostly autotrophic• Autotrophic: an organism that captures
energy sunlight to produce it’s own food•Get their nutrients by performing photosynthesis•Live in the soil, on the barks of trees, in fresh water, and in salt water• Usually reproduce asexually Release their eggs into their environment where the sperm will fertilize the egg
PROTOPHYTAFirst plants
Phytoplankton: a single-celled, free-floating aquatic organism; a form of plant-like protist
•Growth depends on availability of carbon dioxide, sunlight, and nutrients•Lifespan of an individual phytoplankton is rarely more than a few days•Under the right conditions, phytoplankton populations can grow explosively known as the “bloom”
PIGMENTATION
Phylum pheophyta Phylum rhodophyta
Phylum chlorophyta
UNICELLULAR PLANT-LIKE PROTISTS
DIATOMS
•Glass-like cell walls•Very small•More than 100,000 diff erent species of diatoms•Used in nanotechnology b/c structure and size
Red tide: a coastal phenomenon in which dinoflagellates that contain red pigments are so concentrated that the seawater has a distinct red colour
DINOFLAGELLATES
•Reproduces very quickly leads to “algae blooms”•Has two flagella at right angles to each other organisms move by spinning through the water
•Can live in both marine and fresh-water environments•However, dinoflagellates are not always harmful ex. they benefit coral reefs
EUGLENOIDS
•both autotrophs and heterotrophs makes own food, through photosynthesis when there is enough sunlight but can consume and process nutrients when sunlight is not readily available•have a light-detecting structure called an eyespot and uses it to orient themselves towards light
ANIMAL-LIKE PROTISTSTerms to know: Parasite, Pseudopod,
Cilium, Flagellum
By Emily Anderson
Overview
Also known as Protozoans Animal-like protists are heterotrophs Many are parasitic Topics to Discuss:
The Cercozoans The Ciliates The Flagellates The Sporozoans
The Cercozoans
Phylum Cercozoa Can be free-living or parasitic Found in soil, freshwater and marine
habitats Well-known cercozoan is the ameoba Pseudopod (“false foot”) Helps with movement and feeding
The Ciliates
Phylum Ciliphora Single-celled Have short, hair-like projections called cilia Abundant in almost every environment
with liquid water Can be seen by the unaided eye Have organelles that are parallel in function
to the organs of multicellular creatures Only known human parasite is Balantidium
coli (large intestines)
Paramecia
Example of a ciliate Genus Paramecium Large and complex
The Flagellates
Phylum Zoomastigina Have one or more flagella (long hair-like
projection) that whip from side to side to help it move
Can be parasitic, free-living, or in mutualistic relationships
Help organisms to digest their food
The Sporozoans
Phylum Sporozoa Parasites of animals Sexual and asexual reproduction Alternate between 2 hosts Spores (protective capsules) No cilia, no flagella, no pseudopods
Malaria
Protists in the Genus Plasmodium cause malaria in humans
Transferred from mosquitos to humans