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Busbar trunking Canalis®

in HypermarketsApplication Technical Document

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Application Technical DocumentContents

1 - Introduction 1.1 - Scope / Definitions

1.2 - General informations on hypermarkets

2 - The needs of the end user 2.1 - Overall needs

2.2 - Needs related to the electrical installation and the suitability of busbar trunking solutions

2.3 - Hypermarket energy needsThe total energy needEnergy needs by sector

3 - Electrical distribution 3.1 - GeneralElectrical distribution conceptsi Decentralised distributioni Centralised distributioni Mixed distribution

3.2 - Layout of the electrical distribution in the different sectors of the hypermarket

3.3 - Electrical distribution for hypermarket lightingGeneralSales area lightingi Sales area lighting : the needs, the application criteriai Provision of ambient lightingi Provision of special lightingStoreroom lightingi Storeroom lighting : the needs, the application criteriai Provision of storeroom lightingLaboratory and workshop lighting

3.4 - Power distribution in the hypermarketPower distribution for the distribution switchboardsPower distribution for the sales areaPower distribution for the laboratories/workshopsTransformer/switchboard and generator/switchboard interconnectionsPower distribution for the battery charging area

4 - Table des légendes

5 - Références

6 - Glossaire

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1.1 - Scope / Definitions

The scope of this document is hypermarkets.

By definition a hypermarket is a retail outlet with a large number of areas, displaying and selling a widerange of goods and having the following characteristics :i Sales floor area : > 2500 m2 + large car park (more than 900 spaces)i 3000 to 5000 food referencesi 20000 to 35000 non food references

This is not the same as a supermarket which is a much smaller store mainly selling food products.

This document provides details on the electrical distribution covering not only the construction of newbuildings, but also the renovation of existing hypermarkets.

1.2 - General information on hypermarkets

Although each hypermarket has its own characteristics, it is nevertheless possible to create a model forthis type of store.

The width (also referred to as the depth) of the sales area is normally fixed. It is the length which variesfrom one store to another. The fixed width is linked to the use of gondolas(1) (or display units) ofstandard size which provide 2 back-to-back rows with 3 or 4 transverse aisles.

A hypermarket can be broken down into 5 sectors :1.the sales area,2.the laboratories or workshops,3.the checkouts,4.the offices,5.the storerooms/loading bays.

This breakdown has an effect on the electrical distribution, in terms of both lighting and powerdistribution.

The sales area is divided into 5 main sectors :1.fresh foods,2.high volume products,3.household goods,4.hardware,5.clothes.

The laboratories or workshops are zones where products are made or transformed to supply :1.the bread counter,2.th meat counter,3.the fish counter,4.ready-cooked meals.

Some workshops are located in the sales area (cheese, catering, ...)

The storerooms are broken down according to the type of product to be stored :1.fresh foods,2.dry foods3.chilled foods4.frozen foods

(1) See glossary, page 31

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Fig. 1 : Typical layout of a hypermarket

Introduction

Storerooms8

Drinks9

Fresh foods10

Clothes11

Toys/Sports goods12

Frozen foods18

Hygiene/Beauty19

Seasonal goods20

Domestic appliances/ TV/HIFI21

Checkouts22

Household goods13

Offices (sometimes over the checkouts)14

High volume consumer goods15

Groceries16

Chilled foods17

Generator room1

Transformer room2

Electric vehicle charging area3

Storerooms4

LV switchboard room5

Laboratories/Workshops6

Hardware/Garden7

Entrance

Application Technical Document

1.3 - Scope/Definitions

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The needs of the end user

2.1 - Overall needs

i i i i i Safety of the installationAs hypermarkets are open to the public, they are subject to strict regulations to assure the safety ofpersons, particularly in the event of fire. The operator is therefore very sensitive to the fire performanceand the non propagating aspect of the equipment installed v The fire performance of busbar trunkingcompare to that of cable gives a significant advantage to busbar trunking (non emission of toxic fumes,...).

i i i i i Essential commercial requirements :The purpose of a retail outlet is to sell as much as possible. To facilitate purchasing, favourableambient conditions must be satisfied. Particular care must be taken over the following aspects :

- aesthetic appearance of the store ;- lighting, luminosity, (possibility of highlighting certain goods by a change in contrast) ;- comfortable temperature (heating, air conditioning).

In addition, as the store must be open at all times, changes must be able to be made simply and quicklyto adapt to the inevitable modifications. This requirement is strengthened by the need to transform thestore for promotional events. The reduced installation time and the possibility for evolution are majorbenefits of busbar trunking

2.2 - The needs relating to the electrical installation, suitability of busbar trunkingsolutions.

The main requirement is the quality of the electrical installation dictated by the needs described above.This quality is imperative throughout the progress of the project.

i i i i i The needs relating to the electrical installation during project design- good integration of products into the building architecture v here, the flexibility of installation offeredby busbar trunking is the differentiating factor- ease and speed of design (essential advantage as the overall powers are known, but the exactrequirement and location of the loads are never fully under control)v this is why the Canalis concept of distributed electrical distribution corresponds to the needs of thedesigner. Power is available everywhere.

i i i i i The needs relating to the electrical installation during installation- respect of installation deadlines v the use of busbar trunking reduces the risks of unknown on-sitefactors. The opening day of the store can be guaranteed. - possibility of last minute modification v busbar trunking offers the possibility of changes which wouldnot be possible with traditional cable installations,- an installation with controlled costs v savings in time and labour with respect to traditional cableinstallations on cable traysMore particularly for the installer :

- fast and easy installation (respect of installation deadlines = no penalty payments),- assurance of correct installation (reliability of connections),- conformity to installation regulations guaranteeing, in particular, the safety of persons.

i i i i i The needs relating to the electrical installation during operationIn addition to the respect of regulations relating to Buildings Open to the Public and the need to controlthe customer's environment, the most important factor for the operator is continuity of service of theelectrical distribution system. It is essential to avoid operating losses synonymous with loss ofearnings.This continuity of service applies to the operation of the food refrigeration and cooling system, passingthrough the checkouts, computer control of references and prices, product manufacture (bread...) andto the possibility of carrying out modifications to the layout of some zones without interrupting theelectrical supply to unaffected zones.Also, as energy consumption is high, it needs to be optimised. This is why lighting management, inorder to reduce operating costs, is a constant concern for the store operator.

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Confronted by these requirements the Canalis offer can emphasise :- Canalis products go unnoticed v aesthetic appearance of the store.- energy savings (adaptation of the lighting to suit the activity and the level of daylight with K-System),low voltage drops v improved profitability of the store- no maintenance, no work above ground level, work can be carried out with the trunking live, henceno supply disconnection = work carried out during opening hours v no loss of operation.- quality and reliability of the products v no loss of operation..- conformity of the products to electrical distribution standards guaranteeing safety, reliability andquality v safety of goods and persons.- flexibility and capacity for evolution. Meaning that adaptation of the sales area to the needs of theoperator is facilitated by the concept of factory-built decentralised electrical distribution v theseadvantages will be particularly appreciated during store renovation or extension- adaptation of the electrical distribution to the changes in the needs (number of loads, higher power...)- possibility of recovering the products in the event of major modifications v speed of modification,reduction in the cost of modification.- legibility of the installation on drawings and on site : ease of identification, clarity of the electricaldistribution architecture v speed of maintenance.

The investment cost is an important factor for the builder, but it is not to the detriment of the overridingcriteria which are totally guaranteed quality, flexibility and evolutivity of the installation.In addition, the high density of tap-off points makes Canalis busbar trunking competitive compared tothe traditional solution using cable trays.

2.3 - The energy needs of hypermarkets

The overall energy need

The energy needs basically depend on :1. the choice of energy for heating/air conditioning,2. the power required for the food refrigeration and cooling plant,3. the required level of lighting,4. the type of supply for the baking ovens.

This is why the power required varies from 1000 to 3200 kVA . This power is normally supplied by twoidentical transformers.As far as standby power is concerned, this is provided by two diesel generator sets. The power of thesegenerators is normally the same as that of the transformers. This choice means that no normal/standbycircuit management is required and enables the hypermarket to be supplied when energy supply tariffsmake this necessary. Hence, in France, the diesel generator sets supply the power during peak tariffperiods. This solution also enable continuity of operation to be assured in the event of serious problemswith the mains supply.If the diesel generator sets are of a lower power than that of the transformers, the priority circuits arelighting and refrigeration.

The energy needs by sector

Zones Lighting PowerAmbient Special High Low

power powerSales area X X X XSales area (laboratories) X X XSales area aisle XOffices X XStorerooms/charger area X X X

As far as quantifying the energy needs by application and sector in the hypermarket is concerned, thisis dealt with in the following chapters.

The needs of the end user

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Canalis KT/KV/KH

Canalis KS

SALES AREA

Main LV switchboard

Directsupply

3.1 - General

The supply to hypermarkets is a medium voltage supply provided by the electricity utility.This is then stepped down by a substation with two transformers of power equivalent to the LVconsumption.Diesel generator sets are provided in parallel to the transformers.

The normal/standby supply changeover unit is normally found in the LV switchboard.In the event of changeover, (loss of mains supply, for example) the diesel generators start immediately.Ten seconds after starting, the reconnection sequence begins. It is naturally the priority circuits (lighting)that are the first to be reconnected. Then, very quickly, all the loads are reconnected.As far as circuits considered vital are concerned (e.g. computer supplies), these are supplied via “ ONLINE ” uninterruptible power supplies.

The main circuits to be supplied are :· food refrigeration plant,· lighting,· heating and air conditioning,· uninterruptible power supplies,· power to the sales areas.

Electrical distribution concepts

There are three electrical distribution concepts :1. decentralised distribution,2. centralised distribution,3. mixed distribution.

Application Technical DocumentElectrical distribution in hypermarkets

TGBT

Canalis KS

Canalis KH/KT

AIRE DE VENTE

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i i i i i Fig. 2 - Decentralised distri-butionIn this case, one or more highpower trunking runs (1000 to2500A) run through the hyper-market. Each circuit is then sup-plied from these trunking runs.

iiiii Fig.3 - Centralised distribu-tionOnly the supply to the distribu-tion switchboard is provided fromthe main LV switchboard.The run protective devices arelocated in the main LV switch-board.

iiiii Fig.4 - Mixed distributionThis is a combination of the twoprevious solutions. It is also themost common solution.In the remainder of this docu-ment, we will mainly be consid-ering the mixed solution.

Main LV switchboard

Load circuits

Distributionswitchboard



SALES AREA

Main LV switchboard

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Electrical distribution in hypermarkets


Figure 5 : Example of an electrical distribution block diagram

Diesel generator plant

dieselengjne Alt.

800 to 1600 KVAset

dieselengjne Alt.800 to

1600 KVAset

T1800 to

1600 KVA

T2800 to

1600 KVA

Canalis KTapplication : generator-switchboardinterconnection

Canalis KTapplication : transformer-switchboard interconnection

Canalis KT/KVapplication : feeder

Canalis KV KSor directly KS or KNapplication : feeder distribution ordirect distribution

Main LV switchboard

Compact NScircuit breakers

to distribution panels

MV

LV

MV

LV

normal/standbychangeover

2xMasterpact

circuitbreakers

MV incoming unitSM6 cubicle ELECTRICAL

DISTRIBUTIONBLOCK DIAGRAM

Figure 6 : Example of an electrical distribution block diagram with a "feeder" variant supplyingdistribution panels in the laboratories/workshops.

Canalis KT/KVapplication : feeder

Canalis KT/KV "Feeder"application : low density distribution

Compact NScircuit breakers

Variants

To the store(sales area)

Laboratory/workshopdistribution panels

Main LVswitchboard

Main LVswitchboard

Storeroomdistribution

panels

Canalis KV KSor directly KS or KNapplication : feeder distribution ordirect distribution

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Distribution panel

Canalis KLE

Canalis KN or KBB double circuitapplication : distributionabove the tillsSee page 16

Canalis KBAapplication : lightingSee page 19

Canalis KLEapplication : lightingSee page 17

Canalis KBBor KNapplication : lighting distributiongondolas (shelves)See page 16

Canalis KNapplication : supply to KLE lighting runsSee pages 17 and 18

Canalis KNshoulder wall mountedapplication : high density distributionfor the battery chargersSee page 27

Storerooms8

Generator room1

MV room2

Electrical vehicle battery charging area3

Storerooms4

Main LV switchboard room5

Laboratories/Workshops6

Hardware/Garden7

3

3.2 - Fig. 7 : Layout of the electrical distribution in the different sectors of thehypermarket

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Canalis KTapplication : generator switchboard

interconnectionSee page 26

Canalis KTapplication : transformer switchboard

interconnectionSee page 26

Canalis KT/KVapplication : low density

distributionSee page 21

Canalis KV (rooftop)application : feeder + low density

distributionSee page 21

Canalis KS+KBAapplication :

distribution + lightingSee page 10

Canalis KBB application : bright lightingSee page 16

Canalis KN application : high density distribution

for TV/Hi-Fi suppliesSee page 16

Drinks9

Fresh foods10

Clothes11

Toys/Sports goods12

Frozen foods18

Hygiene/Beauty19

Seasonal goods20

Domestic appliances / TV / HI-FI21

Checkouts22

Household goods13

Offices (sometimes above the checkouts)14

High volume consumer goods15

Groceries16

Chilled foods17

Entrance

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3.3 - Electrical distribution for hypermarket lighting

General

The power required for lighting is approximately 1/3 of the total power consumed.For a hypermarket the power needed for lighting is between 500 and 700 kW.Also, although the lighting for the storerooms and laboratories is simple, that of the sales area is morecomplex (see "Sales area lighting", below).

- Summary table on hypermarket lighting :

Power for lighting = 1/3 total power consumed

Sectors Percentage of the power used for lightingSales area not including the aisles 20%

sales area aisles 17%Checkouts/various displays 15%Storerooms/battery charging 15%Laboratories/workshops 10%Offices 1%Car park/signs/walkways 22%

Sales area lighting

Lighting the sales area in hypermarkets is a complex problem because it affects the general atmosphereof the store. It can therefore affect the purchasing behaviour of the customers.

In order to make this behaviour as positive as possible, lighting specialists have defined two types oflighting for the sales area :

- Ambient lighting :Its function is to light the sales area with a uniform level of lighting. For hypermarkets, lighting designis carried out without taking into account the position of the gondolas and other fixtures and fittings.The luminaires are therefore uniformly distributed. To respect uniformity of lighting, the luminaires areplaced as high as possible.This solution of high uniform lighting gives the benefit of modularity of layout of the sales area.

If uniform ambient lighting is the rule, it is nevertheless true that lighting specialists are beginning to studythe possibility of lighting the store according to the position of the gondolas (display shelves). If thistrend is confirmed, busbar trunking will enable the lighting to be adapted and the luminaire positionsto be changed according to the position of the gondolas.

- Special lighting :This type of lighting is used to highlight certain products such as fruit and vegetables, frozen foods, freshfoods,...The level and type of lighting are matched to the products to be highlighted and the means used topresent them (various gondolas, refrigerated display units, stalls, baker's shelves, jewellery cabi-nets...).In some cases, to increase contrast, there is no ambient lighting above the brightly lit zones (e.g. fruits& vegetables, electrical appliances...).The special lighting must be able to be switched independently form the ambient lighting, this facilitatesfilling the displays with goods before the store opens. The display is therefore set up in a lightingsituation identical to that which the customer sees.


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i Sales area lighting : the needs, the application criteria

Sales area lighting must correspond to the aim of stimulating sales. Nevertheless it cannot bedissociated from the need to save energy. This is why, if the lighting level must remain constant andhigh during opening hours, it must be different outside these hours. So, during the periods of shelf fillingand cleaning the store, the lighting level required is much lower.Also, daylight must be taken into account, as it is a symbol of energy saving.

To summarise, the electrical installation for lighting the sales area must take the following factors intoaccount :1. assure, both qualitatively and quantitatively, lighting which encourages sales,2. adapt the intensity of lighting to the sectors and the different hours,3. monitor and use daylight,4. optimise energy costs,5. respect the appearance of the store.

- Level of lighting in the sales area

Level of lighting with Level of lighting ifambient lighting special lighting

Opening hours From 600 to 1200 lux depending on the Up to 1600 luxcountry (e.g. France = 1200, Spain = 800)

Outside opening hours 300 to 600 lux 1600 lux(only duringtest periods)

- Example of powers required for ambient and special lighting in the different zones

Sales area sectors Power (kW) Floor area (m 2) Ratio W/m 2

Food aisle 60 3160 19Non food aisle 83 4350 19High volume products 50 2180 23Fresh foods 76 2500 31Hardware 46 2110 22Household goods 31 1250 25Clothes 58 2480 23TOTAL 404 kW 18 030 m2 23 W/m2

- Example of powers required for special lighting

Sales area sectors Power (kW)Fresh foods 30High volume products 4Clothes 6Household goods 16Hardware 5TOTAL 61


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i Provision of ambient lightingIrrespective of the type of luminaire (with fluorescent tubes or lamps) they will be supplied from theCanalis runs referred to as "primary" runs. These runs are provided in KS or KN trunking (the choicebetween KS and KN being made according to the current required and hence the level of lighting.These "primary" runs supply "secondary" runs which use Canalis KBA/KBB. The luminaires aresuspended from the Canalis KBA/KBB.The secondary runs are normally perpendicular to the gondolas.There are normally 3 primary runs. As far as the secondary runs are concerned, their number is closelylinked to the brightness of the lighting selected and the type of luminaire.

- Fig. 8 : Example of a basic solution for providing ambient lighting



Laboratories/Workshops Laboratories/Workshops

HardwareGarden

Householdgoods

Domesticappliances

TV

HI-FI

SeasonalgoodsHygiene

BeautyFrozen

foods

Chilled

foods

GroceriesHigh volgoods

Drinks Fresh produce ClothesToys

Sportsgoods

C H E C K O U T S

LVswitchboard

LVswitchboard

LVswitchboard

KBA trunking

Secondaryruns

KS tap-off unit

KS

Primaryruns

"Lamp" type luminaires suspended fromCanalis KBA

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The basic solution described previously does not meet all the needs, in particular those regarding :1. adaptation of the luminosity to the different sectors and the different times,2. monitoring and use of daylight,3. lighting management,4. rigorous control of energy expenditure.

To meet all these needs, Canalis Busbar Trunking will be used in conjunction with the K-Systemconcept.

This complete solution for lighting provides :1. distributed electrical distribution using Canalis busbar trunking,2. protection and control of lighting runs,3. lighting management using a dedicated programmable controller.

Globally :

Needs Functions provided by K-SYSTEM + CanalisEnergy savings Adaptation of the level of lighting according to :

- a time programme- the level of daylight- the possibility of creating different zones

Personalisation, flexibility, evolutivity of the sales area Local or centralised controlsThe possibility of creating or modifying the zonesfollowing changes in the sales area layout

Safety Automatic switch-on in the event of a faultLoad sheddingCascade switch-on

Savings in maintenance Counting the operating time of the luminairesTroubleshooting assistance

Convenience Local timed switch-onEarly warning of switch-off

- Principle of K-SYSTEM operation

The K-System concept is based on dividing the sales area into homogeneous zones .Homogeneous zones are those parts of the store which meet the same criteria in terms of :1. level of lighting for each time period (store open and closed),2. control of the lighting runs.

the zones are then divided into groups .A group corresponds to a set of luminaires controlled simultaneously, for both switching on andswitching off.These zones will then be controlled according to a predefined programme. The programme can beused to control all or part of the luminaires in the zone.Each zone is controlled independently.


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- Fig. 9 : Lighting with K-System

Zone 1 comprises groups of luminaires : group A + group B + group C.Zone 2 comprises groups of luminaires : group D + group E + group F.

In the above example, the system not only enables independent control of each zone, but also theadaptation of the lighting level in thirds (by switching the luminaires one group at a time). This meansthat luminaires A in zone 1 can be switched on during cleaning, while all the luminaires of the zone canbe switched on during normal opening hours. It is therefore possible to switch on 1/3, 2/3 or 3/3 of theluminaires in each zone.

The sales area would normally be divided into 5 to 7 zones :

1. aisles,2. fresh food sector,3. high volume products,4. household goods,5. hardware/clothes.

- Fig. 10 : Architecture for lighting management


1 2 3 4 5 6 7

ZONE 1 ZONE 2 ZONE n…

A

B

C

A

B

C

B

C

A

B

C

A

C

A

B

C

A

B

A

B

C

A

B

C

D

E

F

D

E

F

E

F

D

E

F

D

F

D

E

F

D

E

D

E

F

D

E

F

E

F

D

E

F

D


3

PLC inputs used for acquiringdata regarding items such as the

level of daylight

Data

CommandCentral control unit

Building management systemIsis or alternative

Canalis KNT or KS+bus

Lighting runs : KLE, KBA, KBB busbar trunking, cable trays

Lighting management PLC

Local controls

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Electrical distribution for hypermarket lighting

- Fig. 11 : Sales area lighting with lighting management (K-SYSTEM)

3

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

�

Laboratories/Workshops Laboratories/Workshops

HardwareGarden

Householdgoods

Zone 1 :Shopping aisles

Domesticappliances

TV

HI-FI

Zone"actualité"

HygieneBeauty

Food

Frozen foods

Food

Chilled foods

GroceriesHigh volumeproducts

Drinks Fresh foods Clothes Toys

Sportsgoods

C H E C K O U T S

Zone 2 : Fresh FoodOther foodZone 3 :Household goods

Zone 4 :Hardware/Clothes

Zone 5 :Hygiene Beauty/Toys

Zone 6 :High volume products

Control panelMain supply :

Canalis KNT or KS+bus

Remote control switching bus (extraction of the various

groups in each zone).

Lighting run :KBA/KBB with luminaires

or cable tray

Tap-off unit :Control and protection

of the various lighting runs

4

41

42

42

42

43

4

I/O

Local control

CONOFF

N

5

6

BP

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i Provision of special lightingTo meet the need for special lighting (see section 3.2, page 8) the luminaires are supplied directly fromthe primary runs feeding the ambient lighting or by dedicated busbar trunking.The advantage of using the primary ambient lighting runs is to be able to control this lighting via theK-System.In practice, there is a mix of the two solutions.

In terms of special display lighting equipment, there are :1. gondolas with built-in lighting,2. spotlights for fitting rooms,3. "lattices(1)" with built-in fluorescent tubes,4. suspended overhead luminaires, ...

- Fig. 12 : Special lighting in the sales area

(1) See glossary on page 31


GANGWAY

Workshop display Workshop displayDistribution panels

KLE - lamps

Distribution tap-off unitseparate management

Distribution panels

Fitt

ing

room

spot

light

s

Frui

t & v

eget

able

s

Frui

t & v

eget

able

s

Distribution tap-off unit

C H E C K O U T S

Lattice withbuilt-in fluorescent tubes or spotlights

TV/HIFILattice

connected to theprimary KS run

(with K-SYSTEM)

Separate KNlighting+various

supplies togondolas, etc.

Overheadsuspended

luminaires forlow display units

KBAdisplay spotlights

(150 W)

Illuminated gondolas

KN : Checkout lighting + low power distribution

KBB doublecircuit

Spotlights Household

goods

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Storeroom lighting

i GeneralStoreroom lighting is much more simple than that for the sales area. Only one level of lighting isrequired, but use of zoning(1) may be necessary.

i Storeroom lighting : the needs, the application criteriaThe lighting level in storerooms varies from 250 to 500 lux according to the country. This lighting isnormally provided by industrial type reflectors equipped with 2X58W fluorescent tubes or by lamp typeluminaires with 250W lamps.The storerooms are often divided up into several zones : the storerooms themselves and the aislesand access areas.Lighting management is often required, in particular to avoid the lighting remaining on when no-oneis present.

i Provision of storeroom lightingThe busbar trunking used for storeroom lighting is normally Canalis KLE, although KBA is sometimesused. The choice is made according to the current required, the weight of the luminaires, and the degreeof protection. Supply to the runs is provided from a distribution switchboard located in the storerooms.This supply may be direct or via KN feeder type busbar trunking.Lighting in the aisles and access areas is enabled by the centralised management system and iseffective when a pushbutton is actuated. Lighting of the storerooms themselves is controlled via apresence sensor with time delayed switch-off.Lighting management is provided by K-System in conjunction with the building management system(1).

- Fig. 13 : Storeroom lighting without feeder

(1) See glossary on page 31


Presence sensor

To associatedBuilding Management

System To Canalis KV

Storeroom 1 Storeroom 2

EntranceLighting controlpushbutton

Distributionpanel

KLE or KBA with2X58 W fluorescent

or 250W lamp

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Fig. 14 : Storeroom lighting with KN feeder


Storeroom 1 Storeroom 2

EntranceLighting controlpushbutton

Presence sensor

To Building Managem't

System

Distributionpanel

To Canalis KV

KLE or KBA with2X58 W fluorescent

or 250W lamp

Canalis KNApplication :

lighting runfeeder

KN tap-offunit

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i Laboratory and workshop lighting

Fig. 15 : Electrical distribution for laboratory and workshop lighting

Lighting is obtained by dust and damp protected luminaires equipped with 2X58W fluorescent tubes.Because of the specification of these luminaires, the trunking required will be the KBA offer (IP54 asstandard).

Lighting controlCanalis KBAIP54

Special lightingby spotlights

Display counter

SALES AREA


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3.4 - Power distribution in the hypermarket

i Power distribution for the distribution switchboardsWith the exception of the sales area, the distribution switchboards are located as near as possible tothe energy demand. The distribution switchboards are therefore found in :1. the laboratories/workshops,2. the storerooms,3. the battery charging area, ...

As far as the sales area is concerned, the safety requirements mean that the distribution switchboardsare normally located on its periphery. This restriction increases the benefits to the user of using busbartrunking in the sales area. In essence, the decentralised distribution solution ensures energydistribution as close as possible to the needs. Contrary to distribution switchboards, busbar trunkingmerges with the background and is not visible to customers.

Figure 16 : principle of decentralised distribution to the distribution switchboards


Gan

gway

Meat Bread Pastry Fish

Other dist.switchboards

Main LVswitchboard

Storerooms

Sales area

Batterycharging

area


Canalis KV/KTlow densitydistribution

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i i i i i Power distribution in the sales area

Power distribution in the sales area mainly involves four zones :1. the complete area for heating and air conditioning,2. the promotional and seasonal zone or zones,3. domestic appliances / HI-FI TV,4. the checkouts.

i i i i i Distribution for heating and air conditioningThe electrical power required depends on the type of energy selected for the production of heat andfor cooling (where air conditioning is required). Rooftop units (located on the roof of the hypermarket)diffuse the conditioned air throughout the sales area and can operate with the following types ofsystem :1. a hot water circuit and a cold water circuit,2. a hot water circuit and a refrigeration unit for cooling,3. all electric.

The number of rooftop units varies considerably according to the climate of the country. It may need16 rooftop units for a floor area of 10 000 m2.

Electrical power required by one rooftop unitType of rooftop unit Power Associated busbar trunkingWith a hot and cold 3 to 4 kW for the fans KN

water circuit and regulation supplyWith a hot water circuit KN if fewer than 6 rooftop unitsand refrigeration unit 6 to 10 kW per run. Above this : KS

for coolingAll electric 20 to 100 kW KS/KV/KT

depending on the number ofrooftop units per Canalis run

Fig. 17 : Decentralised distribution for the supply of all-electric type rooftop units(1)

Application Technical Document Electrical distribution in hypermarkets

3

SALES AREA

Tap-offat joint

protectionby circuitbreaker

Canalis KVapplication

feeder,low

densitydistribution

RT1

RT2

RT3

RT4

RT5

RT6

RT7

RT8

RT9

RT10

RT11

RT12

LVSWB

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Fig.18 : Decentralised distribution for the supply of hot water circuit and refrigeration unit type rooftopunits

Note : the example above shows high density distribution (large number of outlets per metre), if thedistribution had been of the low density type, Canalis KV would have been suitable.

iPower distribution for domestic appliances, HI-FI, TV.Here, the need is to provide a supply to TV sets and HI-FI systems on display. To meet this need,Canalis KN is used mounted on a shoulder wall behind the equipment to be supplied. The equipmentto be connected is normally supplied via tap-off units equipped with socket outlets and Multi 9 circuitbreaker with 30 mA differential breaker.

The supply to the Canalis KN is either from the distribution switchboard or from the main feeder.

iPower distribution for the promotional and seasonal zones.Busbar trunking is used to provide additional power supplies as required according to the commercialneeds. As the power required for this type of application is low (<40A), Canalis KBA is normally used.These applications require differential protection of the complete run.

For higher power needs, KN trunking would be used.

Note : in certain cases, the busbar trunking used here could be used for special lighting (see "Salesarea lighting - Special lighting", page 10).

iPower distribution for the checkoutsThere is also a need for electrical power for the checkouts. Here, the use of Canalis KBB enables theprovision of two independent circuits : a normal circuit for the conveyor belt and signalling, and a circuitwith backup supply for the bar code reader, cash register, anti-theft detection.


RT1

RT2

RT3

RT4

RT5

RT6

Main LV switchboard

RT7

RT8

RT9

RT10

RT11

RT12

Main LV switchboard

Canalis KN/KS

3

23Te


Fig. 19 : Power distribution in the sales area (excluding rooftop units)

iiiii Power distribution for the laboratories/workshops

In these zones, the power requirement is relatively high.

Power distribution for the laboratories and workshopsLaboratories/workshops Loads PowerMeat counter mincer

slicerbeater/mixersaw 15 kW in all

Bread/pastry counter ovenkneading machineshaping machinepackaging machinebeater/mixer 100 to 250 kW

Other applications hot platesspit roastoven 50 kW

TOTAL 170 to 300 kW

The laboratories and other workshops are supplied from the distribution switchboards, which arethemselves connected to low density busbar trunking (KV or KT).For distribution within the laboratories and workshops, busbar trunking for high density distribution isrequired (KN or KS).IP 54 degree of protection is necessary.


Distrib.panel

Distrib.panel

frozen foodpromotion

Fruit andvegetableweighing

Cooked meatmachines

TV demonstration

KN

stan

dse

ason

al d

ispl

ay

CDmusicpoint

Tap-off units withsocket outlets TV

HIFI

Distributionpanel

KBB double circuit

CHECKOUTS to distributionpanel

KN onwall

3

24 Te

Application Technical Document3Electrical distribution in hypermarkets

TABLE1.50 M

TABLE1.50 M

TAB

LE1.

50 M

TAB

LE1.

50 M

TAB

LE1.

50 M

TAB

LE1.

50 M

END PROD.FREEZER

END PROD.FRIDGE

4 HOTPLATES

SCALETOOLS

BEATERMIXER

FREEZERUNIT

SC

ALE

TOO

LS

RAW MATERIAL FREEZER

SALADBASIN

SC

ALE

S

PREP ROOM

RAW MATERIAL FRIDGEWASHBASIN

WASHBASIN

WASHBASIN

DISHWASHER

FRIER

OVEN

PASTRYLAB.

TRADITIONALCAKES AND PASTRY

SELF SERVICECAKES AND PASTRY

Distribution

panel

Canalis KV/KT : low density distribution

Canalis KN IP54

3 kW

3 kW

16 kW7 kW


Fig. 20 : Principle of power distribution in the laboratories and workshops

25Te


Fig. 20 b : Principle of power distribution in the laboratories and workshops


3

BAKERY LAB;

HANDWASH

N

GUYON OVENROTARY

GUYON OVENROTARY

HEARTH OVEN

RAISINGCHAMBER

4 LEV

RAISINGCHAMBER

4 LEV

RAISINGCHAMBER

4 LEV

RAISINGCHAMBER

4 LEV

RECOV TUNNEL VIDNAR

SEALING M/C VIDNAR

PACKING MACH. HDNARD 2800

FLOORGULLYW

ASH

BAS

INSH

APIN

GR

OLL

SKN

EAD

ING

BOW

L SC

ALES

TABL

EW

EIG

HIN

G M

/CDIV

SHAPING MACH.

FLOORGULLY

FLOORGULLY

BAKERY

FREE

ZER

KNEADING

STOPIL

B. M.

D V

Distributionpanel

2 kW

42 kW

42 kW

53 kW

5 kW

5 kW10 kW

2 kW

2 kW

5 kW

5 kW

Canalis KSE

Canalis KBA

Canalis KN

Tap-off unitwith modular

products

KSE IP54 Tap-off

Canalis KV/KT : low density distribution

Canalis KSE

26 Te


i Transformer/switchboard and generator/switchboard interconnections

Technical characteristics known in advance, ease of installation, short-circuit withstand are the manyadvantages resulting from the choice of busbar trunking for transformer/switchboard and generator/switchboard interconnections.

For these short interconnections and bearing in mind the current ratings involved, Canalis KT wouldbe used.

Fig. 21 : Principle of a transformer/switchboard interconnection


3

Alternativepower supply

generator

2000 kVA

Dividing wall

Generator

control panel

Canalis KT

1000 kVA

Transformer n°1

T1

Medium

voltage

Medium

voltage

1000 kVA

Transformer n°2

T2

Main LV

switchboard

Synchro-

nising

panel

board

Transformer/panel board

Canalis KT- 2 x 2500 A

27Te


i Figure 22 : Power distribution for the battery charging area


Ch

arg

er

Ch

arg

er

Detail of shoulderwall mounting

ENTRANCE

Distributionpanel

ChargerW

ALL

Ch

arg

er

Ch

arg

er

ChargerCharger

ChargerChargerCharger

3

It is in this area that the batteries of the fork lift trucks and other electric vehicles are charged.Busbar trunking mounted on a shoulder wall is used to supply the chargers. The tap-off units used arefor modular products. They are equipped with 30mA differential type Multi 9 circuit breakers. Severalchargers can be supplied from a single tap-off unit. The busbar trunking used is normally type KN,although in certain special cases Canalis KS may be found.The busbar trunking is supplied from the distribution switchboard located in the room.

28 Te

Figure 1 : Typical layout of a hypermarket Page 3

Figure 2 : Decentralised distribution Page 6

Figure 3 : Centralised distribution Page 6

Figure 4 : Mixed distribution Page 6

Figure 5 : Example of an electrical distribution block diagram Page 7

Figure 6 : Example of an electrical distribution block diagram - "Feeder" variant Page 7

Figure 7 : Layout of the electrical distribution in the different sectors of the hypermarket Page 8

Figure 8 : Example of a basic solution for ambient lighting Page 12

Figure 9 : Lighting with K-System Page 14

Figure 10 : Architecture for lighting management Page 14

Figure 11 : Sales area lighting with lighting management (K-System) Page 15

Figure 12 : Special lighting in the sales area Page 16

Figure 13 : Storeroom lighting without "feeder" Page 17

Figure 14 : Storeroom lighting with "feeder" Page 18

Figure 15 : Laboratory and workshop lighting Page 19

Figure 16 : Principle of decentralised distribution to the distribution switchboards Page 20

Figure 17 : Decentralised distribution for the supply of all-electric type rooftop units Page 21

Figure 18 : Decentralised distribution for the supply of hot water circuit and refrigeration unit type rooftop units Page 22

Figure 19 : Power distribution in the sales area (excluding rooftop units) Page 23

Figure 20/20b : Power distribution principle in the laboratories and workshops Pages 24/25

Figure 21 : Principle of a transformer/switchboard interconnection Page 26

Figure 22 : Power distribution for the battery charging area Page 27

Application Technical DocumentTable of legends

4

29Te


COUNTRY COMPANY PRODUCTS

FRANCE ALDI All products

AUCHAN All products

CARREFOUR All products

CASINO KSA - KBA

CASTORAMA All products

CORA All products

IKEA KL - KB

LEROY-MERLIN All products

MAMMOUTH All products

ST.MACLOU All products

GERMANY C &A KL - KN - KSA

ELBEPARK KHF - KSA

KARSTADT KL - KSA

BELGIUM MARKS & SPENCER KBA - KBB

EROSKY KB - KN

ALDI KN - KLE

SPAIN CONTINENTE KSA - KBA

IKEA KN - KLA

KYABI KHF-KSA-KLE

CLAUDIO KLE

EROSKY KLE - KN

U.K ARGOS K-System - KSA - KNT - KBA

MARKS & SPENCER KL - KB - KSA - KN

C&A Lighting

TOYS R. US Lighting

CAWARY CENTRE I-LINE II

JOHN LEWIS STORE KLA - KLE

SAFEWAY KN - KL

DO IT ALL KN - KB

DEBENHAMS KSA - KB

C W S KSA - KL - KB

HOMEBASE KSA - KL

AR 40S KL - KN - K S

BOQ KB - KN

BURTON GROUP KL - KS

TESCO KN

GREECE CONTINENT KL - KN - KSA

PORTUGAL COLOMBO KV - KT

FNAC KBA

NETHERLANDS ST. MAARTENSKLINIEK

A HEYN KLE - KNA

DARLING MARKET

SWEDEN IKEA KLA

DENMARK POST DANMARK K-SYSTEM

IRELAND HARNOTTS KLE - KBA - KBB - KN

SLOVAKIA BAUMAX KNA

ERAP ELECTRO KSA

References (non exhaustive)

Busbar trunking installations in commercial premises - Hypermarkets

5

30 Te


COUNTRY COMPANY PRODUCTS

CZECH REP. ASPERA EESKE KSA

ITALY AUCHANT KHF - KSA - KB - KL

COOP KSA - KN - KL

COOP KLE - KBA - KN - KSA

SAUDI ARABIA YOUSEF BIN OMEIR I-LINE II

MANEA BIN QUARAN I-LINE II

MOH'D BIN SAQR I-LINE II

RASHID SALEH I-LINE II

TAIWAN CARREFOUR KS - KN - KL

S.K. MITUKOSHI I-LINE

THE LIVERTY TIMES I-LINE

HONG KONG CITY PLAZA I-LINE II

CONVENTION K Exhibition Center I-LINE II

HENDERSAN CENTER I-LINE

PARK LANE I-LINE

U.S.A. BELL I-LINE - I-LINE II

MEIJERS I-LINE - I-LINE II

QUAD GRAPHICS I-LINE - I-LINE II

R&R DONNELLY I-LINE - I-LINE II

BRAZIL CARREFOUR KBA - KU - KG

PHILIPPINES UPTOWN BUSWAY SYSTEM

References

Busbar trunking installations in commercial premises - Hypermarkets

5

31Te


Gondola : this is the name given to a set of island shelves on which the goods for sale are displayed.

Lattice : this is the name given to a false ceiling type structure in suspended perpendicular bars withbuilt-in luminaires.

Zoning : zoning refers to the creating of different zones in the hypermarket. Each zone must fulfil thesame criteria in terms of lighting level, hours of activity, control.

BMS : this is an abbreviation for a centralised Building Management System.

Rooftop : this is the name given to air conditioning units (heating/cooling) located on the hypermarketroof and designed to produce a hot or cold current of air.

Glossary

6

Schneider Electric SA International DivisionWorld Trade Center - Europole5, place Robert Schuman38050 - Grenoble Cedex 9 - FranceT : (33) (0)4 76 57 60 60Tf : (33) (0)4 76 60 63 63

Art 00000 08/1998

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