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© 2004 - iPMAC Informatics Technology J.S.C

SDN

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IPMACNetworking Acae

Cisco Icons an Sym!olsCisco Icons an S

ym!ols

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"hat is IS#N$"hat is IS#N$

Integrate Ser%ices #igital Network &ro%ies switche'iale( igital "AN ser%ices in increments of )4 k!&s.

*oice+ ata+ %ieo+ an s&ecial ser%ices.

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IS#N A%antagesIS#N A%anta

ges

Carries a %ariety of ,ser trac signals+ incl,ing ata+%oice+ an %ieo.

/ers m,ch faster call set,& than moem connections.

IS#N ,ses bearer channels+ also calle B channels+ asclear ata &aths.

ach 1 channel &ro%ies )4 k!&s of !anwith+ more!anwith than a traitional ) k!&s ial,& connection.

An IS#N connection with two 1 channels wo,l &ro%ie atotal ,sa!le !anwith of 32 k!&s.

ach IS#N 1 channel can make a se&arate serialconnection to any other site in the IS#N network.

IS#N lines can !e ,se in con5,nction with 666enca&s,lation.

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IS#N ChannelsIS#N Channels

1 channels are ,se to trans&ort ata an o&erate at

s&ees of ,& to )4 k!&s. The # channel carries signaling messages+ s,ch as

call set,& an tearown+ to control calls on 1channels.

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IS#N InterfacesIS#N Interfaces

IS#N is wiely a%aila!le in two 7a%ors8 19I8 1asic 9ate Interface

2 )4 :!&s 1earer Channels+3) :!&s #elta Channel 'for controlinformation(+ 4 :!&s for framing an synchroni;ation

21 < 3# '21

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IS#N 6rotocolsIS#N 6rotocols

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# Channel an A6# 6rotocol# Channel an A6# 6rotocol

A6# is ,se as a ata-link &rotocol across anIS#N # channel.

A ro,ter with an IS#N interface nees to sen anrecei%e signaling messages to an from the local

IS#N switch to which it is connecte. A6# &ro%ies the ata-link &rotocol that allows

eli%ery of messages across that # channel to thelocal switch.

The call set,& an tearown messages areeBne !y the .>?3 &rotocol.

1eca,se the signals are sent o,tsie the channel,se for ata+ this is calle out-of-band signaling.

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Call Set,&Call Set,&

3. The # channel is ,se to sen the calle n,m!er to

the local IS#N switch.2. The local switch ,ses the SSD signaling &rotocol to

set ,& a &ath an &ass the calle n,m!er to the

remote IS#N switch.

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Call Set,& 'cont(Call Set,& 'cont(

?. The remote IS#N switch signals the estination o%er

the # channel. The estination IS#N NT-3 e%ice sensthe remote IS#N switch a call-connect message.

4. The remote IS#N switch ,ses SSD to sen a call-connect message to the local switch.

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Call Set,& 'cont(Call Set,& 'cont(

As soon as the call is esta!lishe+ a )4-k!&s circ,it

eEists !etween a 1 channel on each of the tworo,ters.

The # channel remains ,& all the time so that new

signaling messages can !e sent an recei%e.

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IS#N 19I F,nction Gro,& an 9eferenceIS#N 19I F,nction Gro,& an 9eference

6oint6oint

F,nction gro,& H a set of f,nctions in&lement !y ae%ice an software.

9eference &oint H the interface !etween two f,nctiongro,&s+ incl,ing ca!ling etails.

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Cisco IS#N 19I InterfacesCisco IS#N 19I Interfaces

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69I ncoing69I ncoing

For any &hysical layer s&eciBcation+ the lineencoing eBnes which energy le%els sent o%er theca!le mean a 3 an which energy le%els mean a 0.

T3 circ,its ,se two i/erent encoing schemes H

Alternate @ark In%ersion 'A@I( an 1inary withero S,!stit,tion '1S(.

For 69I circ,its that ,se 3s+ the only choice forline coing is igh-#ensity 1i&olar ? '#1?(.

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69I Framing69I Framing

ow oes a 69I interface know which !its are &art of the

# channel+ or the Brst 1 channel+ or the secon K Framing+ at IS#NLs &hysical layer+ eBnes how a e%ice

can ecie which !its are &art of each channel.

T3 framing eBnes 24 i/erent )4-k!&s #S0 channels+&l,s an -k!&s management channel ,se !y the telco+which gi%es yo, a total s&ee of 3.44 @!&s.

"ith 3s+ framing eBnes ?2 )4-k!&s channels+ for a totalof 2.04 @!&s+ regarless of the ty&e of framing ,se.

T3s ,se either Etene S,&er Frame 'SF( or the oler

o&tion H S,&er Frame 'SF(. 3s ,ses C9C-4 framing or the original line framing

eBne for 3s.

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IS#N 19I ConBg,rationIS#N 19I ConBg,ration

The comman s&eciBes the ty&e of IS#N switchwith which the ro,ter comm,nicates.

ther conBg,ration reM,irements %ary for s&eciBc

&ro%iers.

Router(config)#isdn switch-type switch-type

Step 1: Specify the ISDN switch type.

Router(config-if)#isdn switch-type switch-type

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IS#N 19I ConBg,ration 'cont(IS#N 19I ConBg,ration 'cont(

Sets a 1 channel S6I# reM,ire !y many ser%ice&ro%iers

Step 2: (Optional) Setting SPIDs

Router(config-if)#isdn spid1 spid-number

Router(config-if)#isdn spid2 spid-number

Sets a S6I# for the secon 1 channel

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ConBg,ring IS#N 69IConBg,ring IS#N 69I

Router(config)#isdn switch-type switch-type

Router(config)#controller controller slot/port

Router(config-controller)#pri-group timeslots range

Step 1: Specify the ISDN switch type.

Step 2: Select the controller.

Step 3: Estalish the interface port

to f!nction as P"I .

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IS#N 69I Eam&lesIS#N 69I Eam&les

Router(config)#controller T1 3/0Router(config-controller)#framing esf

Router(config-controller)#linecode !"s

Router(config-controller)#pri-group timeslots 1-2

Router(config-controller)#interface $erial3/0%23

Router(config-if)#isdn switch-type primary-&ess

Router(config-if)#no cdp enale

#1 Sa$ple %onfig!ration

Router(config)#controller '1 3/0

Router(config-controller)# framing crc

Router(config-controller)# linecode hd3

Router(config-controller)# pri-group timeslots 1-31

Router(config-controller)#interface $erial3/0%1&

Router(config-if)# isdn switch-type primary-net&

Router(config-if)# no cdp enale

E1 Sa$ple %onfig!ration

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Dial-on-Demand Routing

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"hat is #ial-on-#eman 9o,ting$"hat is #ial-on-#eman 9o,ting$

Connects when neee

#isconnects when Bnishe

IS#N or 6STN

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"hen to ,se ##9$"hen to ,se ##9$

6erioic connections Small amo,nts of ata

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egacy ##9 &erationegacy ##9 &eration

3. 9o,te &ackets o,t the interface to !e iale.

2. #etermine the s,!set of the &ackets thattrigger the ialing &rocess.

?. #ial 'signal(.4. #etermine when the connection is terminate.

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ConBg,ring ##9 H Ste& 3ConBg,ring ##9 H Ste& 3

##9 oes not ial ,ntil sometrac is irecte 'ro,te(o,t the ial interface.

Routing packets out the interface to be dialed.

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Cisco call &ackets that are worthy of ca,sing the e%iceto ial interesting packets.

Interesting is eBne as all &ackets of one or more ayer? &rotocol

The &ackets are eBne as interesting if they are&ermitte !y an access-list. sing AC gi%e Bner control.


Determining the Subset of the Packets

that Trigger the Dialing Process

dialer-list 2 protocol ip list 101

access-list 101 deny tcp any any e ftp

access-list 101 permit tcp any any e telnet

dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit

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ConBg,ring ##9 H Ste& 2 'cont(ConBg,ring ##9 H Ste& 2 'cont(

Determining the Subset of the Packetsthat Trigger the Dialing Process

&oth 'al!es

!st atch

isdn switch-type asic-&ess

username central password cisco

interface *R+0

ip address 10,1,0,1 2&&,2&&,2&&,0

dialer idle-timeout 1!0

dialer map ip 10,1,0,2 name entral &&&2000

dialer-group 1

no fair-ueue

ip route 10,10,0,0 2&&,2&&,0,0 10,1,0,2

ip route 10,20,0,0 2&&,2&&,0,0 10,1,0,2


The ialer*gro!p interface

subcommand enables the

logic that determines what

is interesting

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ConBg,ring ##9 H Ste& ?ConBg,ring ##9 H Ste& ?

1efor the ro,ter can ial+ it nees to know the &hone

n,m!er of the other.

"ith only one site to ial+ yo, can sim&ly conBg,re asingle ial string.

The comman is dialer string string+ where string isthe &hone n,m!er.

Dialing (Signaling)


interface ri 0

ip address 1.2,1,2,2 2&&,2&&,2&&,0

encapsulation ppp

dialer string 10&&&123

dialer-group 2

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ConBg,ring ##9 H Ste& ? 'cont(ConBg,ring ##9 H Ste& ? 'cont(

Dialing (Signaling)

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Any ty&e of &acket can !e ro,te across the link+ onlyinteresting &ackets are consiere worthy of kee&ing thelink ,& an s&ening more money.

"ith the dialer idle-timeout seconds comman+ the iletime is set.

owe%er+ if the ro,ter wants to ial other sites !ase onrecei%ing interesting trac for those sites+ an all the 1channels are in ,se+ another shorter ile timer can !e ,se.

The dialer fast-idle seconds comman lets yo, conBg,rea ty&ically lower n,m!er than the ile timer so that whenother sites nee to !e iale+ the link that is c,rrently ,&can !e !ro,ght own more M,ickly.

Determining When the Connection is Terminated

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egacy ##9 ConBg,ration S,mmari;eegacy ##9 ConBg,ration S,mmari;e

1

3

2

+

hostname ome

isdn switch-type asic-&essusername central password cisco

interface *R+0

ip address 10,1,0,1 2&&,2&&,2&&,0

encapsulation ppp

dialer idle-timeout 1!0

dialer map ip 10,1,0,2 roadcast name entral &&&2000 dialer-group 1

no fair-ueue

ppp authentication chap

router rip

networ 10,0,0,0

no ip classless

ip route 10,10,0,0 2&&,2&&,0,0 10,1,0,2

ip route 10,20,0,0 2&&,2&&,0,0 10,1,0,2


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#ialer 6roBles %er%iew#ialer 6roBles %er%iew

egacy ##9 cannot s,&&ort m,lti&leremote sites in i/erent conBg,rations.

ach remote site has a se&arate &roBlewith #ialer 6roBles.

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#ialer 6roBle lements#ialer 6roBle lements

This style of conBg,ration mo%e

most of the ##9 interfaceconBg,ration to a %irt,al interfacecalle ialer interface.

ach &hysical 19I can !e incl,ein a &ool of a%aila!le &hysical

IS#N interface. ##9 ro,tes &ackets o,t the ialer

interface.

If a &acket is interesting+

##9 &ick an interface fromthe &ool o%er which to &lace

the act,al call.

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6ooling @,lti&le 19Is6ooling @,lti&le 19Is

Oo, can &,t the same &hysical interface into m,lti&le&ools+ ena!ling !etter ,sage of the interfaces an

connecte lines. Oo, can ,se I6 aresses in i/erent I6 s,!nets on

i/erent ialer interfaces+ gi%ing yo, m,ch greater controlo%er yo,r network esign an I6 aressing choices.

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#ialer 6roBles ConBg,ration#ialer 6roBles ConBg,ration

SPDs and switch t!pes are alwa!s specific to a

particular ph!sical

interface.

"ou can mo#e all the current

$R interface subcommands

to the dialer interface% with the

e&ception of the definitions of

SPDs and SD' switch t!pes.

The router uses ana#ailable $ channel on an!

of the $Rs in the pool.

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#ialer 6roBles eEam&le#ialer 6roBles eEam&le

interface dialer1

ip address 10,1,1,1 2&&,2&&,2&&,0

encapsulation ppp

dialer remote-name $malluser

dialer string &&&&0

dialer idle-timer 1!0

dialer pool 1dialer-group 1


interface dialer2

ip address 10,2,2,1 2&&,2&&,2&&,0

encapsulation ppp

dialer remote-name ediumuser

dialer string &&&123


dialer pool 1

dialer-group 2

interface dialer1

ip address 10,1,1,1 2&&,2&&,2&&,0

encapsulation ppp

dialer remote-name $malluser

dialer string &&&&0


dialer pool 1dialer-group 1


interface dialer2

ip address 10,2,2,1 2&&,2&&,2&&,0

encapsulation ppp

dialer remote-name ediumuserdialer string &&&123


dialer pool 1

dialer-group 2

interface ri0

encapsulation ppp


isdn spid1 &&&&&&111101

isdn spid2 &&&&&&222202

dialer pool-memer 1

interface ri1

encapsulation ppp


isdn spid1 &&&&&&333301isdn spid2 &&&&&&02

dialer pool-memer 1

interface ri0

encapsulation ppp


isdn spid1 &&&&&&111101

isdn spid2 &&&&&&222202

dialer pool-memer 1

interface ri1

encapsulation ppp


isdn spid1 &&&&&&333301isdn spid2 &&&&&&02

dialer pool-memer 1

Dialer nterface

Ph!sical nterface

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*erifying the IS#N ConBg,ration*erif ying the IS#N ConBg,ration

Router#show isdn actie

Router#show isdn status

Displays c!rrent call infor$ation

Displays the stat!s of an ISDN connection

Router#show interfaces ri0

Displays statistics for the &"I interface config!re

on the ro!ter

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Tro,!leshooting the IS#N ConBg,ration Tro,!leshooting the IS#N ConBg,ration

Router#deug ppp authentication

Displays the PPP a!thentication protocol $essages

Displays infor$ation on PPP lin, estalish$ent

Router#deug isdn 421

Shows ISDN -ayer 2 $essages

Shows ISDN call set!p an tearown actiity (-ayer 3)

Router#deug isdn 431

Router#deug ppp negotiation

Displays protocol errors associate with PPP

Router#deug ppp error

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S,mmaryS,mmary

IS#N eBnes a igital architect,re that &ro%iesintegrate %oice an ata ca&a!ility ,sing the &,!licswitche network.

IS#N s&eciBes two stanar access methos+ 19Ian 69I.

To esta!lish an IS#N call+ the # channel is ,se!etween the ro,ters an switches+ an SSD signaling is,se !etween the switches.

IS#N f,nctions are harware e%ices while reference&oints are interfaces !etween e%ices.

Cisco e%ices can !e &hysically conBg,re withi/erent IS#N o&tions+ which ictate what aitionaleM,i&ment+ if any+ is neee to r,n IS#N.

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S,mmary 'Cont.(S,mmary 'Cont.(

Oo, m,st conBg,re yo,r ro,ter to ientify the ty&eof switch it will !e comm,nicating with+ whiche&ens in &art on the co,ntry theswitch is in.

To ena!le IS#N 19I+ yo, ,se isn switch-ty&e anisn s&i commans.

To ena!le IS#N 69I+ ,se the &ri-gro,& comman.

se show commans to %erify that yo,r IS#NconBg,ration is f,nctioning &ro&erly.

Oo, can ,se e!,g commans to tro,!leshoot yo,rIS#N conBg,ration.

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IPMAC

Sto& herePSto& hereP

$ItLs time for testing

Buoi 36_icnd 10 - Isdn

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