Building Construction and BIM in · PDF fileSenate Properties BIM Requirements Vol.1～9....

Building Construction and BIM in Japan

Japan Federation of Construction Contractors, Research and Development CommitteeTechnical Research Section Chairman

Obayashi Corporation, Technical Research InstituteExecutive Officer and General Manager

Takashi Shiokawa

1IDDS & BIM Oneday Seminar

JFCC Research and Development Committee

Japan Federation of Construction Contractors (JFCC)The construction contractors organization which works to

resolve the various systems and issues related to the construction industry.138 contractors have joined.

JFCC Research and Development CommitteeThe committee which addresses the research, development

and improvement of building technology supporting for social and building needs.

IDDS & BIM Oneday Seminar 2013 2

Building Construction and BIM in Japan

Building Construction in JapanConstruction InvestmentDesign-Build SystemDesign Division of ContractorResearch and Development in ContractorProject Contract Type

Current Status of BIM in JapanTrends of BIM in the worldTrends of BIM in JapanBIM Activities of JFCC

3IDDS & BIM Oneday Seminar 2013

Building Construction in Japan

4IDDS & BIM Oneday Seminar 2013

51.6 47.5 45.5 43.8 48.2 42.2 37.4 36.6 36.2 33.1 30.9 30.2 32.0 32.6 33.5 30.7 31.4 25.0 23.9 24.7 26.0 28.0

32.3 34.2 33.3 35.2

34.6

33.0 34.0

31.9 30.0 28.2

25.9 23.5 20.8 19.0 17.8

16.9 16.7 17.9 18.0 17.2

18.9 22.0

49.1 45.3 43.9

41.0 45.8

39.9 34.9 34.7 33.6

30.8 29.2 28.7 29.7 29.7 30.6 27.7 28.4

22.7 22.1 22.5 23.4 26.3

84.0 81.7 78.8 79.0

82.8

75.2 71.4

68.5 66.2 61.3

56.8 53.7 52.8 51.6 51.3

47.7 48.2 43.0 41.9 41.9

44.9 50.0

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

1992 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13

Government Sector

Private Sector

Building

（Trillion Yen）

（Fiscal Year）

Trends in Construction Investment Construction investment was reduced to 50% of the peak in 2010

and began to increase in earthquake recovery demand from 2011.

IDDS & BIM Oneday Seminar 2013 5JFCC : Construction Industry Handbook 2013

Breakdown of construction investment The majority of private investment is building work.


JFCC : Construction Industry Handbook 2013

GovernmentResidential Building0.9 %Private

Residential Building31.2 %

Private Civil11.0 %

Government Civil36.8 %

Private58.0 %

Government42.0 %

PrivateNon-residential Building

15.8 %

GovernmentNon-residential Building4.3 %

Japanese Design-Build System

IDDS & BIM Oneday Seminar 2013 7JFCC : Japanese Multi-disciplinary Contractors with Their Own Design Divisions

Multi-disciplinary ContractorClientBusinessPlanning

Phase

BuildingPhase

OperationPhase

ConfirmDesignCriteria

ConfirmDesign

ConfirmDesign

Handover

DesignPre-design

PreliminaryDesign

DetailedDesign

Supervision

TechnicalSupport

Construction

Post-ConstructionServicesScheduled Inspection

Inspection

Inspection

Design Review

Design Review

Design Review

Technical Review(Quality, Technology, Cost)

Technical Review(Quality, Technology, Cost)

Completion

Start ofConstruction

Japanese Design-Build System Historical reasons Traditionally, Japanese society has relied on an architectural system in

which a master carpenter (toryo) is responsible for both the design and the construction of buildings.

Clients put their faith in this system, which, over the year, has been refined and steadily developed by various contractors and their design divisions.

Advantages of the System Clearly defined responsibilities for the design and construction of

buildings. Assured quality based on construction-technological feedback. Accelerated project delivery.

The system can produce high-quality buildings rapidly and economically.


Design Division of Contractor 55 major member contractors of JFCC have design divisions

Trends in the ratio of design department employees

IDDS & BIM Oneday Seminar 2013 9JFCC Design Committee ： Design department annual questionnaire 2012

5.7% 5.6% 5.7% 5.9%6.5% 6.9%

7.5% 7.4% 7.4% 7.4%

0%1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%9%

2003 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12(Fiscal Year)

Ratio of Design-Build Projects Design-Build Rate

Design-Build Rate = Design-Build contract volume / Building Work order volume

Building Work order volume （in Japan）= 6,679, 580 Million Yen Designed Together : designed in collaboration with other

companies In the case of joint venture project, the amount was entered in

accordance with the equity.

IDDS & BIM Oneday Seminar 2013 10JFCC Design Committee ： Design department annual questionnaire 2012

Design-Buildorder volume

Design-BuildRate

Designed Alone 2,099,531 Million Yen 31.4%Designed Together 310,024 Million Yen 4.6%

Alone + Togeter 2,409,555 Million Yen 36.0%

Research and Development in Contractor Trends in R & D Expenses

R & D expenses of the construction industry are less than those of other industries. However, some major companies invest about 10 billion yen per year.

Trends in the ratio of R & D Expenses to Sales

IDDS & BIM Oneday Seminar 2013 11JFCC : Construction Industry Handbook 2013

Construction

Manufacturing

All IndustryExpenses in 2011 :

113 billion yen

(Fiscal Year)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10

0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200

Ratio of R & D expenses to sales

with Laboratory without Laboratory

R & D expence（Billion Yen）

sales （Billion Yen）

Research and Development in Contractor 36 major member contractors of JFCC perform

research and development.

Total R & D expensesto sales : 0.56%

28 contractors own experimental facilities


JFCC R & D Committee ： R & D annual questionnaire 2012

Research and Development in Contractor Breakdown of R & D expenses


Global EnvironmentEnergy saving, CO2 Reduction, Soil Remediation, Water Purification, Alternative Energy

Safety & SecurityEarthquake Resistant,Seismic-Response Control, Base Isolation, Seismology

Quality & ProductivityConcrete, Skeleton, Construction Method, Automation, Maintenance

Amenity & HealthSound, Vibration, Temperature, Humidity

OthersEngineering, BIM

JFCC R & D Committee ：R & D annual questionnaire

2012

Quality & Productivity36%

Safety & Security24%

Global Environment21%

Amenity & Health6%

Others12%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Fixed price contract is common in building industry. Fixed Price (lump sum) Contract

• The contractor agrees to complete the project for a specific period of time and the client agrees to pay a fixed amount of money.

Bill of Quantities Contract• The contractor agrees based upon the contract documents with the

quantity table that the client has provided. Guaranteed Maximum Price Contract

• The contractor is responsible for cost overruns, unless the GMP has been increased. Savings resulting from cost underruns are returned to the client or distributed.

Unit-price Contract• The client agrees a unit price of labor and materials. Total cost will vary

depending on the increase or decrease in these quantities. Cost-plus (Cost Reimbursement) Contract

• The contractor is paid for all of its allowed expenses to a set limit plus additional payment to allow for a profit.

Project Contract Type


Current status of BIM in Japan


Trends of BIM in the world BIM Guidelines are developed and BIM is being mandatory

IDDS & BIM Oneday Seminar 2013 16IAI Japan Junichi Yamashita : Present and Future of BIM in the World and Japan

Country Organization Title

US NIBS National BIM Standard

US GSA BIM Guide Series 1～6

US Wisconsin BIM Guideline and Standard for Architect & Engineer

USBuildingSMART US &Penn. State Univ.

BIM Project Execution Planning Guide Ver.1

Finland Senate Properties BIM Requirements Vol.1～9

Denmark bips CAD Manual 2008

Singapore BCA BIM Regulation Submission Pilot Guideline

Australia CRC National Guideline for Digital modeling

Korea MLTM BIM Application Guide

Korea PPS BIM Roadmap

Trends of BIM in the world Clients are active in the adoption of BIM Senate Properties

• An unincorporated state-owned enterprise which manages a major part of the real estate in Finland.

Main Objectives of “Requirements 2007”“With the help of three-dimensional assessment of design solutions, it aims at improving quality and the information exchange between the parties, reducing the number of design errors, increasing the efficiency of the design process and ensuring that the end result conforms to the objectives.”

The client will pay the modeling and administrative costs of BIM indirectly.


Trends of BIM in Japan 2010.3 Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport

(MLIT) announced “Start of BIM pilot project in government building and repairs”.

2012.7 Japan Institute of Architects (JIA) released the BIM guidelines. It shows the agenda and expected effect

of BIM to architects.

2012.09 MLIT Government Buildings Department began to study for the development of BIM modeling rules.


Trends of BIM in Japan

Comparison with the guidelines of overseas


JIABIM guidelines

Nation Level

Agency /Organization Level

Project Level

USNIBS

KoreaMLTM

FinlandSenate Properties

USGSA

USWisconsin

KoreaPPS

Norway, Oslo New National Museum

BIM Pilot Project

Trends of BIM in JapanContractors are expecting effects of BIM as follows:Acceleration of the process of reaching a consensus with a

client and a designer. Improvement of the coordination process between

subcontractors, fabricators and manufacturers. Improvement of the productivity and shortening

construction period by front-loading.

Subcontractors, fabricators and manufacturers are expecting effects of BIM as the follows: Improvement of the coordination process between

contractor. Improvement of the manufacturing process by data linkage.Reduction of rework due to front-loading.


Trends of BIM in Japan Contractors are active participants in the design competition

using BIM. Build Live Japan

• Virtual design competitions organized by IAI Japan

• Competing for the completeness andnovelty of BIM work in 48 hours.

Grand Prize Winners• Build Live Tokyo 2009 Maeda Corporation • Build Live Tokyo 2009 Part II Shimizu Corporation • Build Live Tokyo 2010 Obayashi Corporation,

Shibaura institute of Technology• Build Live Kobe 2011 Shibaura institute of Technology• Build Live Chiba 2012 Obayashi Corporation• Build Live Japan 2013


Trends of BIM in Japan Procurement of BIM modeling work is spreading abroad.


China

PhilippinesIndia

Vietnam

BIM Activities of JFCC Building Construction Committee, Information Technology

Promotion Section, BIM special SectionOrganized in 2010, 15 Contractors and 21 observer

companies such as subcontractors, manufacturers, fabricators and BIM software vendors.Purpose :

• Promoting the standardization of specifications and usage.

• Increasing the benefits of BIM in construction stage.

2011 : Published “Investigation of BIM usage in subcontractors, manufacturers and fabricators”


BIM Activities of JFCC2012 : Organized “BIM meeting for Subcontractors,

Manufacturers and Fabricators” 2012 : Performed “Cooperative Digital Mock-up Trial”.

2013 : Started development of “Guidelines for BIM collaboration in construction stage”.


Conclusion Building Construction in Japan Major contractors have design divisions and can produce high-quality

building economically in a short period of time by design-build system. Major contractors also perform research and development not only for

the building quality and productivity but also for the global environment, the safety and the security.

Fixed price contract is common in building industry. Current Status of BIM in Japan Development of BIM Guidelines has been delayed from pioneering

countries. The client side expectations for BIM is not strong yet. Architects and

contractors are working on BIM for the purpose of their productivity improvement.

BIM Activities of JFCC BIM special section organized in 2010 and worked for increasing the

benefits of BIM in construction stage.


Building Construction and BIM in · PDF fileSenate Properties BIM Requirements Vol.1～9....

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