BTS Master MT822xB Base Station Analyzers - livingston.de · for today’s 2G/3G networks ... What...
Transcript of BTS Master MT822xB Base Station Analyzers - livingston.de · for today’s 2G/3G networks ... What...
Slide 1Dec 2010
BTS Master™ MT822xB Base Station Analyzers
… designed from the ground-upfor today’s 2G/3G networks …
and for tomorrow’s 4G networks!
Slide 2Dec 2010
Product overview and Base Station Analyzer value
Product overview
Standard features
Optional features
High level specifications
Physical characteristics
How a Base Station Analyzer adds value
What is the fastest way to test?
What process do I use for testing?
Why do I need to test?
What process do I follow for network optimization?
What can a Base Station Analyzer troubleshoot?
Summary
Slide 3Dec 2010
The BTS Master™ MT8221B and MT8222BThe Next Generation Base Station Analyzer
New capabilities
20 MHz Demodulation bandwidth for future 4G Signal Analyzers
Vector Signal Generator for receiver testing: 400 MHz to 6 GHz
30 MHz Zero-Span IF Output for external demodulation
In same size as BTS Master MT8222A
Slide 4Dec 2010
Introducing the BTS Master™ MT822xB Base Station Analyzer
Standard features
2-port Cable and Antenna Analyzer: 400 MHz to 4 GHz (MT8221B) or 6 GHz (MT8222B)
Spectrum Analyzer: 150 kHz to 7.1 GHz
Power Meter: 10 MHz to 7.1 GHz
Slide 5Dec 2010
Introducing the BTS Master™ MT8221B Base Station Analyzer
Options
Built-in Bias Tee
Built-in GPS Receiver
High Accuracy Power Meter
Interference Analyzer
Channel Scanner
Gated Sweep
New Options
Vector Signal Generator
30 MHz Zero-Span IF Output
PIM Analyzer
Slide 6Dec 2010
Introducing the BTS Master™ MT8221B Base Station Analyzer
Signal Analyzers
LTE, TD-LTE
W-CDMA/HSPA+
GSM/GPRS/EDGE
TD-SCDMA/HSDPA
CDMA2000 1X
CDMA2000 1xEV-DO
Fixed WiMAX
Mobile WiMAX
Backhaul Analyzers
E1 Analyzer
T1 Analyzer
T3/T1 Analyzer
OC-3c, STM-1 Analyzers
Slide 7Dec 2010
BTS Master™ MT8221B – A closer look
Cable and Antenna Analyzer
Measurements
RL, VSWR, Cable Loss, DTF,1-port or 2-port Phase, Gain
Measurement Uncertainty
< 0.45 dB for 2-port Gain
Dynamic Range
> 80 dB 2-port
RF Immunity
+17 dBm on-channel
+10 dBm on-frequency
Calibration
OSL and FlexCal™
Bias Tee
32 V internal
Spectrum Analyzer
Spectrum Analyzer
Field Strength, Occupied B/W, Channel Power, ACPR, C/I
Interference Analyzer
Spectrogram, Signal Strength, RSSI, Signal ID
Dynamic Range
> 95 dB in 1 Hz RBW
DANL
-163 dBm in 1 Hz RBW
Phase Noise
-100 dBc/Hz @ 10 kHz offset
Frequency Accuracy
<±25 ppb with GPS On
<±50 ppb with GPS Holdover
Slide 8Dec 2010
BTS Master™ MT822xB – A closer look
Handheld Size: 315 x 211 x 94 mm (12.4 x 8.3 x 3.7 in),Lightweight: 4.9 kg (10.7 lbs)
Screen: 8.4” (800 x 600)
Slide 9Dec 2010
BTS Master™ MT822xB – A closer look
All Connectors are conveniently located on the top panel, leaving the sides clear for handheld use
Slide 10Dec 2010
The Value of Anritsu Base Station Analyzers
Cell Master™ and BTS Master™
The all-in-one testers
Slide 11Dec 2010
Introducing the fastest way to test – by Anritsu
Tests integrity of whole cell site
Over-the-Air Pass/Fail Test Antenna feed line quality
Tx RF quality
Tx Modulation quality
Spot check downlink coverage
Over-the-Air Coverage Scanner Number of signals present
Power of each signal
Signal clarity
Slide 12Dec 2010
One quick test – OTA Pass/Fail – checks health of cell site
Find valid Over-the-Air (OTA) location
If not, direct connect
Run one-step Pass/Fail Test
Checks Feed Line Quality, if OTA
Checks RF Quality
Checks Modulation Quality
Test data throughput
Use PC data card
If everything passes
DONE
If not troubleshoot
Feed lines and antenna system
Base station field replaceable units
Downlink Coverage issues
Interference problems
Backhaul bit-error-rates
FoundValidOTAspot?
Run OTA orDirect ConnectPass/Fail Test
Start
Start Direct ConnectTransmitter
TestN
Done
Run PC-basedThroughput Test
Pass?
TroubleshootFeed Lines
Base StationCoverage
InterferenceN
GoodThrough-
put?
TroubleshootBackhaul
N
Y
Y
Y
Slide 13Dec 2010
A BTS must be optimized to meet the demand for data
Carrier/Interference (C/I) ratio has a major impact on peak data rates
16/64 QAM data coverage requires more maintenance – tighter specs
As a cell site gets more heavily loaded the challenge increasesSource: Qualcomm, “HSDPA for Improved Downlink Data Transfer,” Oct 2004
HSDPA Peak Data (Physical Layer) vs. C/I or Ec/Nt
C/I or Ec/Nt (db)
Dow
nlin
k P
eak
Dat
a ra
te (
Mb
ps)
180 to 1difference
in data rate
Slide 14Dec 2010
And interference is not going away – it is getting worse
Interference causes C/I or EC/IO degradation robbing network capacity
Interference causes outages to a sector, a cell site, or neighboring cells
Increasing incidents of interference requires ever increasing vigilance
Intentional Radiators Unintentional Radiators Self Interference
Illegal jammersIllegal repeaters
Harmonics, IM3, PIMNear-far problems
Overlapping cell coverageImpulse noise
Slide 15Dec 2010
BTS Analyzers supports a vigilant optimization process
Test & VerifyCable/Antenna Quality
RF QualityModulation Quality
Downlink Coverage QualityBackhaul Quality
TroubleshootPerformance IssuesHigh Call Drop RateHigh Call Block Rate
Low Data RateInterference Issues
Meeting Network Reliability KPIs? Delivering High Quality Wireless Service?
Installation Maintenance
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
Monitor Daily
Slide 16Dec 2010
BTS Analyzer troubleshoots most causes for problems in BTS
Cable and Antenna Analyzer TMAs, MCPAs, Duplexers
Spectrum Analyzer Receive Noise Floor Testing
Power Meter Setting Downlink Power
Interference Analyzer
Channel Scanner
CW or Vector Signal Generator Receiver Testing
Signal Analyzers RF Quality Modulation Quality Downlink Coverage Quality
Backhaul Analyzers E1, T1, T3 BERT STM-1, OC-3c
Testing base station elementsreduces No Trouble Founds (NTF)
TxRxCard(s)
DownConverter
UpConverter
Dup
lex Filter
TMA
Splitter/C
omb
iner
RemoteRadioHead
MCPA
LNA
TMA
T1, T3
E1
Slide 17Dec 2010
Anritsu Offers the most complete Base Station Analyzers
Fastest way to test - OTA Pass/Fail Testing
Test virtually any scenario
Feed lines and antenna system
Base station field replaceable units
Downlink Coverage issues
Interference problems
Backhaul bit-error-rates
Improves KPIs
Call Drop
Call Block
Data Throughput
Minimizes No Problem Found (NTF)
Slide 18Dec 2010Aug 2010 Company Confidential
LTE Signal Quality Analysis
BTS Master™, Cell Master™, Spectrum Master™
Slide 19Dec 2010Aug 2010 Company Confidential
Cover all defined frequency plans and bandwidths
Frequency bands
All E-UTRA Operating Bands
700 MHz – 2700 MHz
Channel bandwidths
20, 15, 10, 5, 3, 1.4 MHz BTS Master™ MT8221B/22B
Spectrum Master™
MS2722/23/24/25/26C
10, 5, 3, 1.4 MHz BTS Master™ MT8222A
Cell Master™ MT8212/13E
Spectrum Master™ MS2712/13E
Spectrum Master™ MS2721/23/24B
LTE Bandwidth Selection
Slide 20Dec 2010Aug 2010 Company Confidential
A Family of LTE Signal Quality Analyzers
RF Quality Analyzer
RF Measurements
Modulation Quality Analyzer
Modulation Measurements
DL Coverage Quality Analyzer
Over-the-Air Measurements
Pass/Fail Analyzer
LTE Measurement SummaryLTE Measurement Summary
Slide 21Dec 2010Aug 2010 Company Confidential
LTE RF Quality Measurements
Channel Spectrum
Channel Power
Occupied Bandwidth
ACLR
Spectral Emission Mask (SEM)
RF Measurement Summary
RF Measurement Summary
Slide 22Dec 2010Aug 2010 Company Confidential
LTE Modulation Quality Measurements
Constellation
QPSK, 16 QAM, 64 QAM
Control Channel Power
Modulation Summary
Modulation Measurement Summary
Slide 23Dec 2010Aug 2010 Company Confidential
LTE Downlink Coverage Quality Measurements
Scanner
Six Sync Signal Power Levels
Cell ID
Sector ID
Group ID
Dominance
Auto Save
OTA Scanner Measurements
Slide 26Dec 2010Aug 2010 Company Confidential
LTE Pass/Fail Mode
LTE Pass/Fail
Set up common test limits, or sets of limits, for each instrument
User modify via MST to set-up system-wide maintenance operating practice
Guidelines
Direct Connect
OTA
Per Vendor
Consequences
Inconsistent settings between
base stations, leads to
inconsistent network behaviorPass/Fail Test
Slide 27Dec 2010Aug 2010 Company Confidential
LTE Occupied Bandwidth
Occupied Bandwidth
A measurement of the spectrum used by the carrier
The occupied bandwidth contains 99% of the signal’s RF power
Guideline – Direct Connect
Less than defined LTE bandwidth 1.4, 3.0, 5.0, 10, 15, 20 MHz
Consequences
Leads to interference with neighboring carriers
Dropped calls
Low capacity
Common Faults
Tx filter
MCPA
Signal processing
Antennas
RF Quality
Slide 28Dec 2010Aug 2010 Company Confidential
LTE Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio (ACLR)
ACLR (single-carrier displayed)
Measures how much of the carrier gets into neighboring RF channels
Checks the closest (adjacent) and the next closest (alternate)
Guideline – Direct Connect
-45 dBc adjacent channels
-45 dBc alternate channels
Consequences
Interference
Low capacity
Blocked calls
Common Faults
Tx filter
MCPA
Channel cards
Cable connectors
RF Quality
Slide 29Dec 2010Aug 2010 Company Confidential
LTE Spectral Emission Mask (SEM)
Spectral Emission Mask
SEM checks closer to the signal than ACLR does
It also is sensitive to absolute power levels
May be requirement of regulators
Guideline – Direct Connect
Must be below mask
Consequences
Interference with neighboring carriers
Legal liability
Low data rate
Common Faults
Check amplifier output filtering
Look for intermodulation distortion
Look for spectral re-growth
RF Quality
Slide 30Dec 2010Aug 2010 Company Confidential
LTE Error Vector Magnitude (EVM)
EVM
The ratio of errors, or distortions, in the actual signal, compared to a perfect signal
EVM measures the PBCH, if there is no data traffic and the PDSCH if there is traffic
Guidelines – Direct Connect
QPSK - 17.5%
16 QAM – 12.5%
64 QAM – 8%
Consequences
dropped calls
low data rate
low sector capacity
blocked calls
Common Faults
distortion in the channel cards
Power amplifier
filter
antenna system
Modulation Quality
Slide 31Dec 2010Aug 2010 Company Confidential
LTE Frequency Error
Frequency Error
Checks to see that the carrier frequency is precisely correct
Regulatory requirement in many countries
Guideline – OTA with GPS
± 0.05 ppm wide area BS
± 0.10 ppm local area BS
± 0.25 ppm home BS
Consequences
Calls will drop when mobiles travel at higher speed
In some cases, cell phones cannot hand off into, or out of the cell
Common Faults
Reference frequency
Frequency distribution system
GPS, if used
Backhaul
Modulation Quality
Slide 32Dec 2010Aug 2010 Company Confidential
LTE Synchronization Signal Scanner
Synchronization Signal Power
Indicates which sectors are present at the current location
Too many strong sectors creates frequency avoidance diminishing capacity
Guideline – Direct Connect
3 or fewer codes
Within 10 dB of dominant code
Over 95% of the coverage area
Consequences
Low data rate
Low capacity
Common faults
Antenna down tilt
Damaged antennas
Control channel power settings
Illegal repeaters
Downlink Coverage Quality
Slide 33Dec 2010Aug 2010 Company Confidential
Downlink Coverage Mapping
OTA Scanner has Auto-Save
Need GPS Receiver and Antenna
Collects data ≈ every 5-10 s
Time depends on number of Sync codes and whether Modulation is turned on
Master Software Tools can export data to a KML file
Import into Google Maps/Earth
Mouse over point to see Scanner results
Downlink Coverage Quality
Slide 34Dec 2010Aug 2010 Company Confidential
LTE OTA Modulation Quality Testing
OTA Modulation Quality Testing
Valid signal quality measurements can be made OTA
Guidelines are established from a known good base station
Must be taken in valid location
Valid OTA Location
OTA Scanner validates location Dominance >10 dB
If Pass – becomes sweet spot
Note GPS location
Becomes location for futureOTA Modulation Quality Testing
Record and create OTA Pass/Fail limits
OTA Modulation Quality
Valid EVM OTA measurement
MIMO presents a challenge to measure EVM OTA
Need to measure EVM of PBCH which has Transmit Diversity
Measures both Tx1 & Tx2
Slide 36Dec 2010Aug 2010 Company Confidential
New features to come during 2011
•Support for TDD mode, already available
•MIMO measurement enhancements(ability to measure power of each transmitter in 2x2 MIMO over-the-air)
•RSRP/RSRQ measurements (and probably some form of Signal to Noise measurement as well)
•Frequency Error Averaging
•Possible built-in LTE coverage mapping
Slide 37Dec 2010
LATEST Addition to the Master Series „LTE TDD“
New TD-LTE OptionsOption 551, TD-LTE RF Measurements includes:• Channel Spectrumo Channel Powero Occupied Bandwidth• Power vs. Timeo Frame viewo Sub-Frame viewo Total Frame Power, DwPTS Power, Transmit Off Power, Cell ID, Timing Error• Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio (ACLR)• Spectral Emission Mask (SEM)• RF Summary
Slide 38Dec 2010Aug 2010 Company Confidential