British Clture & civilization - historical reference framework 3

7/23/2019 British Clture & civilization - historical reference framework 3

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MASTER

COURSE 3



YEAR PERIOD

2,500,000-c. 8300 BC Palaeolitihic (Old Stone Age)

c. 8300 BC Mesolithic (Middle Stone Age)

c. 4000 BC eolithic (e! Stone Age)

c. 2000 BC Bea"e# $ol" (B#on%e Age)c. &00 BC Celts ('#on Age)

c. 200 BC Belgic t#ies

A 43 *he +oans

A 40 e#anic t#ies (Anglo-Sa/ons)

8th to th cent#ies *he Scandina1ians

A 0&& *he o#an conest



*he B#itish 'sles ha1e att#acted settle#s, in1ade#s iig#antsth#oghot thei# histo#.

*he conteo#a# B#itish a#e coosed o$ eole o$ !o#ld!ide

o#igins a#e di1ided into6- 7nglish

- Scots

- elsh

- o#the#n '#ish.*hese olations ha1e i/ed #oots de#i1ed $#o di1e#sesettleent iig#ation atte#ns o1e# tie in the indi1idalnations.



*he histo#ical de1eloents ha1e c#eated a conteo#a# societ

!ith ltinational and lti-ethnic cha#acte#istics.

Assiilation integ#ation #ocesses a#e not al!as sccess$l.

*he#e contine to e as"ed cont#o1e#sial estions aot

*he eaning o$ 9B#itishness:

*he nat#e o$ identities loalties in the olation

*he 1alidit o$ go1e#nent iig#ation asl olicies



'n Palaeolithic e#iod (Old Stone Age)*he#e !e#e the $i#st eole ; noads $#o ainland 7#oe, !ho sed#dienta# stone ileents. Homo sapiens aea#ed d#ing this Palaeolithic e#iod.

'n eolithic e#iod (e! Stone Age)*he settle#s cae $#o cent#al 7#oe settled in easte#n B#itainOthe#s a##i1ed sea $#o 'e#ian (Sanish-Po#tgese) a#eas olatedCo#n!all, '#eland, ales, the 'sle o$ Man, !este#n Scotland.*he had o#e ad1anced s"ills in stone ca#1ing.*he egan to $o# settled ag#iclt#al conities taed !ild anials.

*he eolithic g#os ilt6- la#ge !ood, soil and stone onents, li"e Stonehenge

A1e#.



*he '#on Age (&00 BC)

Celtic t#ies cae $#o ainland 7#oe into the islands

*he !e#e di1ided into di$$e#ent t#ies !ith con$licts et!een

the

*he !e#e o1e#coe !a##ing Belgic t#ies (also o$ Celtic

o#igin) a#ond 200 BC.



*he +oan ilita# occation o$ the islands (e/cet $o# '#eland

ost o$ Scotland) lasted $#o A 43 ntil A 40<.

*he te# 9B#itain: #oal de#i1es $#o the #ee" =atin

naes gi1en to 7ngland and ales the +oans, althogh ita ste $#o Celtic o#iginals.

A$te# +oan !ithd#a!al, e#anic t#ies sch as Angles,

Sa/ons >tes $#o no#th-!este#n 7#oe in1aded the cont#.



*he cont# !as di1ided into ? sea#ate !a##ing Anglo-Sa/on

"ingdos in 7ngland.

*he s$$e#ed $#o Scandina1ian (@i"ing) ilita# in1asions in

the 8th <th cent#ies A.

7a#l 7nglish histo# !as coleted !hen the Anglo-Sa/ons

!e#e de$eated #ench-o#an in1ade#s at the Battle o$

astings in A 0&&.



*7 O+MA COD7S* E the last sccess$l e/te#nal ilita#

in1asion o$ the cont#.

't in$lenced the 7nglish eole thei# langage.

#ench !as the langage o$ the noilit $o# the ne/t 300 ea#s't initiated an o$ the social, legal instittional $#ae!o#"s, li"e a

$edal sste.

*he#e a#e no #ealistic olation $ig#es $o# the ea#l B#itish 'sles.

*he oesda Boo" (th cent#) E the st ssteatic attet to

e1alate 7nglandFs !ealth olation $o# ta/ation #oses.

('t sho!ed a olation o$ 2 illion eole.)



7ngland, Scotland, ales '#eland had t#ial and #oalist

con$lict $o# cent#ies.

7ngland ade olitical ilita# attets to nite ales,

Scotland '#eland nde# the 7nglish C#o!n.

7nglish ona#chs t#ied to cone# o# all thesel1es !ith these

cont#ies6

- as a #otection against the th#eats $#o the islands

$#o continental 7#oe

- $o# inc#eased o!e# ossessions.



'nte#nal coloni%ation G olitical ni$ication o$ the islands g#adall c#eated!hat ecae the B#itish state.

*his #ocess !as accoanied $ie#ce and lood st#ggles et!een !ithin the nations, o$ten #eslting in lasting tensions and itte#ness.

Ireland !as in1aded in &< en# ''.Pa#ts o$ the cont# !e#e occied Anglo-o#an noles.'#eland !as coloni%ed the 7nglish the Scots.

'n 80 '#eland ecae a#t o$ the DH, a$te# e#iods o$ 1iolence olitical n#est.

'n <2 '#eland !as di1ided into6+elic o$ '#eland o#the#n '#eland (!hich #eains in the DH)



Wales E Celtic cont# in$lenced Anglo-o#an 7ngland.

282-285 7d!a#d ' occied ales and #oght it nde#

7nglish #le.

53&-542 Acts o$ Dnion ; ales !as integ#ated legall

adinist#ati1el !ith 7ngland.

Scotland #eained indeendent.

*he 7nglish t#ied to cone# Scotland ilita# $o#ce t !e#e

#elsed at the Battle o$ Bannoc"#n in 34.

Since &03 Scotland 7ngland sha#ed a coon ona#ch

!hen >aes @' o$ Scotland ecae >aes ' o$ 7ngland (Dnion o$ the

*!o C#o!ns).



7ngland, ales Scotland ecae #edoinantl P#otestant in

#eligion as a #eslt o$ the 7#oean +e$o#ation.

en# @''' #a"e !ith +oe.

'#eland #eained Catholic and t#ied to distance itsel$ $#o

7ngland.

B#itain is a nstale nion o$ $o# old nations6

#eat B#itain (?0?) is slightl olde# than the DSA

*he Dnited Hingdo (80)



*he#e !e#e tensions and inte#nal ig#ation et!een '#ish,

elsh and Scottish eole into 7ngland.

*he#e !e#e o1eents o$ '#ish, elsh Scottish eole

into 7ngland.

'ig#ation $#o a#oad into the B#itish isles contined

de to $acto#s sch as6

- #eligios olitical e#section

- t#ade

- siness eloent.



'ig#ants had a signi$icant iact on B#itish societ.

*he cont#ited to6

- $inancial instittions

- coe#ce

- indst# ag#iclt#e.

*he in$lenced a#tistic, clt#al and olitical de1eloents.



>e!ish one-lende#s ente#ed 7ngland !ith the o#an

Conest.

=oa#d an"e#s cae $#o no#the#n 'tal.

Me#chants o$ the e#an ansa =eage set thei# t#ading

osts in =ondon on the east coast o$ 7ngland.

'n I@'-I@'' cent#ies an ne!coe#s contined to a##i1e$#o o1e#seas.



'n ?00 iig#ation into the cont# dec#eased o1e# the ne/t 200

ea#s.

B#itain e/o#ted o#e eole than it #ecei1ed to o#th Ae#ica

and the e/anding colonies !o#ld!ide.

'n the 8th-<th cent#ies the#e !e#e an indst#ial #e1oltions.

the t#ans$o#ed B#itain $#o an ag#iclt#al econo into an

indst#ial and an$act#ing cont#.



'ndst#iali%ation e/anded coe#cial a#"ets, !hich

att#acted ne! iig#ants !ho had the siness $inancial s"ills

to e/loit the indst#ial !ealth.

B the end o$ <th cent# B#itain !as the !o#ldFs leadingindst#ial nation and one o$ the #ichest.

Bt it g#adall lost its !o#ld lead in an$act#ing

indst#, ost o$ !hich !as in nati1e B#itish hands, as $o#eigncoetition g#e!.



'ig#ation #ace #eain #oleatic.

Man non-!hite iig#ants thei# B#itish-o#n child#enha1e slo!l adated to the la#ge# societ t the #etained

thei# ethnic identities.

B#itain has the highest #ate o$ inte#a##iage i/ed #ace#elationshis in 7#oe

*he te# 9iig#ant: has ecoe #oinent again as deatesaot iig#ation asl see"e#s ha1e ecoe a $ocs $o#

lic conce#n and deate.



9Mino#it ethnic: in B#itish statistics #e$e#s onl to non-!hiteg#os (Asian, 'ndian, Pa"istani, Bangladeshi, Blac" A$#ican,Blac" Ca#iean, '#ai, Chinese, othe#)

hite ino#it conities in B#itain6

- !hite '#ish

- $#o Old Coon!ealth cont#ies6 Ast#alia, Canada,Soth A$#ica)

- $#o 7#oean Dnion cont#ies6 e#an, Sain, 'tal,

#ance)- $#o DSA and Middle 7ast

- 9Othe# hite:



'ig#ation to B#itain has o$ten een seen as a th#eat to a #esed B#itish national identit !ith its #esed o#aland social 1ales.

*he eaning o$ 9B#itishness: as an #ella te# to desc#ieall the eole o$ the conteo#a# DH is #oleatic.

9B#itishness: since the ?0? nion et!een 7nglandJalesand Scotland had een identi$ied !ith6

- ona#ch, Pa#liaent, la! P#otestant ch#ches

- e/anding ei#e ilita# sccess.



9B#itishness: since the 80 nion o$ DH !as tied to6- the @icto#ian ona#ch

- the ei#e

- the B#itainFs indst#ial ilita# osition in the !o#ld.

*hese eleents ha1e since !ea"ened as B#itain has declined asa gloal o!e#K

+eligios $aith has dec#easedK

+esect $o# Pa#liaent, the ona#ch the la! has lessened.



o#eigne#s call all B#itish eole L7nglishL.

*he Scots, elsh and o#the#n '#ish a#e #ega#ded la#gel

as Celtic eoles, !hile the 7nglish a#e silisticall conside#ed

to e Anglo-Sa/on in o#igin.

hat eans LB#itishL toda in the conte/ts o$

ltinational, lti-ethnic DH, a changing 7#oe a

gloali%ed !o#ld



B#itishness E a conteo#a# set o$6Sha#ed 1ales, elie$s, oinions identities

A state legislation !hich #ootes inclsi1eness.

Britishness E the ost inclsi1e non-disc#iinato# te# to

desc#ie the eoles !ho co#ise the Dnited Hingdo.

British Clture & civilization - historical reference framework 3

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