Brazil’s Strategy of International Cooperation in Bioenergy

Ambassador André Amado

MINISTRY OF FOREIGN RELATIONS

Subsecretary-General of Energy and High Tecnology

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• Security– The growing world demand for energy has led to countries seeking energy

supply security and privileged access to sources, with obvious effects on international stability.

• Development – There is no economic growth or social development without an increase in

energy consumption.

• Climate change– The production and use of energy is the main source of emission of greenhouse

gases, especially in relation to fossil fuels.

Energy is one of the priority items on the current international stage:

Biofuels are a part of the answer to these three challenges

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Biofuels and security

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• The concentration of energy supply in a few oil producing countries puts the energy security of the planet at risk.

• Biofuels can be produced by at least 100 countries, especially in Africa. These could therefore contribute to the de-concentration of energy supply, as well as to the reduction in the unequal access to energy. At the same time, they could play a decisive role in the global and national diversification of energy, including by means of cogeneration.

• Dependence on energy imports increases the vulnerability of developing countries, placing their economic prosperity at risk. Biofuels represent a unique opportunity for developing countries to reduce oil imports.

Biofuels and energy security

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Biofuels and development

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• Brazil defends the idea that the sustainability of biofuels should be appraoched in its social, environmental and economic aspects. Biofuels have never been a threat to food production or been a factor in encouraging deforestation.

• However, the definition of parameters of sustainability should be done in a balanced way: the analysis should take into consideration all the potential benefits and not just the risks.

Biofuels: a means of sustainable development

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Biofuels and climate

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Just a handful of countries are responsible for most of the world’s emissions

World emissions of GHG in 2006

Source: World Energy Council (2008), ENERDATA

GHG emissions by regionPer capita emissions in 2006

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World energy mix

Source: Agencia Internacional de Energy (AIE) / OCDE

Primary sources (2005)

Oil 35.0%

Natural Gas 20.7%

Coal25.3%

Nuclear6.3%

Other “Alternatives”0.5%

Renewable Sources < 13%

Biomass andresidues10.0%

Hydroelectric2.2%

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The Brazilian energy mix

Hydro-electric14.0%

Fire-wood and charcoal 11.6%

Sugarcane17.0%

Other renewables3.4% Oil and

derivates36.6%

Natural Gas 10.3%

Nuclear1.5% Coal

5.8%

Renewable Sources: 46%

Source: Balanço Energético Nacional 2009 – EPE

Primary sources (2008)

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Sharing the Brazilian Experience

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- Brazil has the world’s highest level productivity of ethanol, as well as being highly energy efficient

- Ethanol from sugarcane contributes to mitigation of climate change and to reducing atmospheric pollution of city centers

- Expansion of ethanol from sugarcane in Brazil does not threaten the Amazon

- Food vs. fuel is a false dilemma - biofuels help organize the countryside and improve agricultural infra-structure

- Biofuels are a factor in social inclusion and in generating income in the countryside

- Public subsidies are not necessary, just public mandates for consumption (E20-25 in Brazil)

- Production of biofuels enable cogeneration of electricity (in Brazil, cogeneration should top 12GW by 2020)

- As demonstrated by Brazil, biofuels contribute to economic and social progress in developing countries

Biofuels: summary of the Brazilian experience

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• United Nations Environment Program (UNEP)Meeting with DE Achim Steiner (October 2009)– Brazil and UNEP should collaborate in carrying out feasibility studies for

production and sustainable use of biofuels in developing countries.

• United Nations for Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)Visit by DG of UNIDO, Kandeh Yumkella, to Brazil (May 2010)– Brazil and UNIDO should collaborate in carrying out feasibility studies for

production and sustainable use of biofuels in developing countries.

Sharing the Brazilian experience (1)Initiatives by Brazil in conjunction with international bodies

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• Memorandum of Understanding Brazil – USASigned March 2007– Trilateral effort: for dissemination of biofuels to other countries through

elaboration of detailed feasibility studies– Phase II in Africa: Senegal and Guinea-Bissau.

• Brazil–EU Initiative Adopted during the third Brazil – EU Summit (October 2009)

– Commitment by Brazil and the EU to work in a joint initiative for sustainable development of bioenergy in Africa, emphasizing biofuels and bio-electricity.

– Elaboration of detailed feasibility studies in African countries to be selected on the basis of Brazilian expertise in sustainable production of biofuels and bio-electricity.

Sharing the Brazilian experience(2)Trilateral initiatives by Brasil

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Sharing the Brazilian experience (3)

Brazil-China?

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Brazil has a clear international strategy in the bioenergy area

• To promote sustainable development– With its energy mix being one of the cleanest in the world, Brazil hopes

to contribute to the development of more sustainable global standards for the production and use of energy.

• Sense of mission– To share technological solutions and public policies with developing

countries which help energy generation as well as social and economic progress, on a sustainable basis.

• Building a global biofuels market – Making biofuels international commodities.