Booklet - Long Carbon Products -...
Transcript of Booklet - Long Carbon Products -...
Long Carbon Europe
Booklet - Long Carbon ProductsMinimum requirement for securing of steel long products before shipment by road
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Introduction
1. LegalBasis
2. Scopeanddefinition
3. Somephysicsbasics3.1. existingforcesonatrailer…
3.2. …andtheirnature
4. Requirements4.1. Generalrules
4.2. Truckdriver
4.3. Vehicles
4.3.1Characteristicsoftheplatform
4.3.2Securingequipments
a) Head-orfrontwall
b) Sidewall
c) Stanchions
d) Attachmentpoints
4.4. Loadingofthecargoonthetruck
4.5. Behaviorofthetruckdriver
5. Securingthecargo5.1. Differentmethodsofsecuring
5.1.1Securingbyformclosure
5.1.2Securingbyfriction
5.1.3Securingbydirectfixing
6. Beforedepartureofthetruck
7. Positioningtheload
8. Technicalequipmentsforloading8.1 Stripsaids
8.1.1Steelchains
8.1.2Syntheticfiberstraps
8.1.3Cables
8.1.4Ratchets
8.1.5Lashings
8.2 Edgeandcornerprotections
9. Examples9.1. Packagingofbendedrebars
9.2. Rails
9.3. Wire
9.4. Beamsandsections
9.5. Billets
9.6. Sheetpiles
9.7. Beamblank
10.Goodpractices10.1.Housekeeping
10.2.Adaptedplatformsforloading
10.3.Removableplatforms
10.4.Stairs
10.5.Anti-slidemat
10.6.Slidingroof
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Health&Safety StandardRef.: ST020Issue: May2013Vers.: 0
Booklet-LongCarbonProductsMinimumrequirementforsecuringofsteellongproductsbeforeshipmentbyroad
ControlledCirculation Drawnupby: Checkedby: Approvedby:
Name:Cargosecuringprojectworkingteams
Cargosecuringprojectsteeringcommittee
F.Haers
IntroductionTheUKEnglishlanguageversionofthisdocumentshallbetheofficialVersion.ThisbookletisanappendixtotheHealthandSafetystandard“MinimumSafetyInstructionsforCargosecuring“.
ThelocalrulesmustbeestablishedinaccordancewithriskassessmentandtheEuropeanstandardEN12195.(AMST018)
Theonlyofficiallyavailableversionofthisbookletistheonethatcanbefoundatthefollowingwebaddress:
http://www.arcelormittal.com/index.php?lang=en&page=263
ThisbooklethasbeencreatedbyinternalandexternalexpertsandrepresentswhatArcelorMittalbelievestobethemostsuitablemethodforcargosecuring.Neverthelessthisdoesnotexemptthedriver,his/hersupervisororhis/hercompanyfromalertingArcelorMittalifhe/shefindsanypossibleirregularityinourrequirements.
Thisdocumenthasbeenpreparedbyaworkingteam:
RogerManzoni,LCECleliaDufrasne,LCEPascalLamiroy,LCEEricCouriot,LCE
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1. Legal basis1
Loadingsecurityisnotanendinitself,butismandatorybylawtopreventdamages.Itisimportanttoremarkthatliabilityincaseofdamagesappliesincaseof(imprudentorreckless)actionaswellasincaseofomission(lackoftherequireddiligence-negligence).Themainprincipleisthateitherintheusualcourseofbusiness,aswellasregardingthefulfilmentofanycontractualobligation,individualsmustalwaysact/performtheirobligationsaccordingtothegenerallegaldutyofbeingasdiligentaspossible(alsoincludingcheckingbyAMthatoursub-contractorcomplieswithregulationsandhastakenallmeasurestopreventanyaccident).
Incaseoflostloadingsthereexiststhedangerofverysevereinjuriestopersons,evenoffatalities,wherenotonlycivilliability(monetaryindemnification)butalsocriminalliability(fines,prison,etc.)areinvolved.Inaddition,itisnotonlythepeopledirectlyinchargeofthecargooperationswhocanbeheldcriminallyliable.Suchcriminalliabilitycaneventuallyalsoinvolve(andthisishighlydependentonthespecificnationalcriminallawsystems)thosemiddleandtopmanagementoftheArcelorMittallegalentitywhohavearelevantroleinsuchoperations,andwho:
1. mustensuretheavailabilityofallthesecuritymeans;
2. traintherelevantemployeesabouttherisksandgoodpractices;
3. iseventuallydirectlyinchargeofthesurveillanceofthecomplianceofallthesecurityprocessesandoftheproperperformanceoftheworks.
Necessityofloadingsecurity
Thenecessityofloadingsecurityisputinplacebytheaccidentpreventionstandards,theabovementionedgeneralprinciplesofliability,andmanylegalstandardrules,whichrangefromverydetailedlawsonspecificcargoandloadingsafetyproceduresexistinginsomecountries,tojustgeneralprinciplesofduediligenceandadministrativeregulationsexistinginothercountries,whichapplyingeneraltermstosuchworks.RulesoncargosecuringexistinseveralMemberStates,butoftendifferincontentand
1 Insert from «ArcelorMittal Standard ST018» - Version 0 - issued 25.08.2011
scope,makingitverydifficultforinternationaltransporterstoknowwhattheminimumcargosecuringrequirementsareforagivencross-bordertransportoperation.Thisiswhyinanyevent,securingofcargoonavehicleshouldbe,carriedoutaccordingtoadequatestandardstobeappliedinauniformmanneracrossEurope,andultimately,bestpracticeguidelinessuchasthe“EuropeanBestPracticeGuidelinesonCargoSecuringforRoadTransport”,andtheEuropeanEN12195-1,areimportantbackgroundsofloadingsecurity,nomatterthelegalspecificscenarioofthecountriesconcerned.Suchguidelinesarearelevantreferenceforallpublicorprivatepartiesdirectlyorindirectlyconcernedbycargosecuring,theyrepresenttheaccumulatedknowledgeofEuropeanexpertsinthisfield,andaredesignedtoleadallthepartiesinvolvedtotheadequatesafetylevelrequiredtoperforminternationaltransportoperations.
Important
Inviewofthegeneralprinciplesofliabilitymentionedabove,suchstandardsshouldbeseenasa«MUST»andnota«CAN».
Itisthejoboftheactingpersons,theloadingemployeesandthedriverstoguaranteeinwhichmannerdangerwillbeexcluded.
Responsibility/Liabilityforloadingsecurity
Inbrief,thosepersonspotentiallyresponsibleandliableforloadingsecurityare:
1.theloader(theperson,whoputstheloadonthetruck);2.his/hersupervisor;3.his/herCompany;4.thedriver;5.his/hersupervisor;6.his/herCompany.
Conclusion
Theonlywaytomanagecriminalliabilityis:
1.todowhateverispossibletoavoidanyrisks;2.tobeabletoshowproofoftheriskanalysis/measurestaken.
ThisstandardhasbeencreatedbyinternalandexternalexpertsandrepresentswhatArcelorMittalbelievestobethemostsuitablemethodforcargosecuring.Neverthelessthisdoesnotexemptthedriver,his/hersupervisororhis/hercompanyfromalertingArcelorMittalifhe/shefindsanypossibleirregularityinourrecommendations.
Guard/loadingplace
IfArcelorMittalconsidersitnecessary,itsemployeeswill:
-inspecttheconditionofthevehicle,thepresenceofsecuringdevices,individualprotectionequipmentandlicencesandthesecuringoftheloadaftertheloadwaspickedup;
-interveneincaseofanaccidentormisbehaviouronthepremisestowardsthehaulier/driver;
-denyaccesstopersonsincaseofnon-conformity.
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2.Scopeanddefinition
ThisguidelineconcernsloadingandtransportoflongproductsundertheresponsibilityofArcelorMittalororderedbyArcelorMittalinEurope.TheGroupCompanieswillfollow,asaminimum,theprevailinglocalregulationsforallworkabouttheproducthandling.Wherethisguidelineismoredemanding,thenitwillapply.ThelocalrulesmustbeestablishedinaccordancewithriskassessmentandtheEuropeanstandardEN12195.Thepossibleconsequences,inEU,incaseofnon-compliancewiththeEuropeanstandardare:
- Penalliability(topunishsomeone’smisconduct);
- Civilliability(torepairsomeone’sprejudice)
Forthesameaccident,bothpenalliabilityandcivilliabilitycanbepronouncedwithapossiblecumulativecondemnationofshipperandcarrier(anditssubcontractors).
3. Some physics basics
3.1Existingforcesonatrailer…
Themaximumforcesthatcanbeexertedontheloadhavebeendefinedasaresultoftestsandare:
a) 80%ofthemasstowardsthefrontduringbraking;
b) 50%ofthemasstowardsbackinasignificantaccelerationorduringanimpact(ifatrailer,semi-trailer,lorryisattached);
c) 50%totheleftand/orrightduringachangeofdirection(changeoflane,highwayorobstacleavoidance).
Knowingthisinformationwillalreadysimplifythesecuring.Forexample,withaloadof10,000kg,youonlyhavetosecuretheequivalentof8,000kgtowardsthefrontand5,000kgintheother«directions»!
80%0,8 FG
50%0,5 FG
50%0,5 FG
100%1,0 FG
50%0,5 FG
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3.2…andtheirnature
1 daN - 1 kg x 9,81 m/s2
kg x m/s2Securing force
Force of inertia
Force of friction
Forcerelatedtoweight(FG=mxg)
Forcerelatedtomass(F=mxa)
Forcerelatedtofriction(FF=µDxFG)
Thesecuringforcecorrespondstotheforcethathastobeabsorbedbythesecuringdevices
4. Requirements
Herearesomerequirementsconcerningthesafetyinstructions.
4.1 Generalrules
Safetyprotocol
Thetruck:
- enginestopped/handbrakeon;
- coversfromthebackremoved;
- parkedinadedicatedsafearea.
Thedriver:
- thedriverwearsPPE(PersonalProtectiveEquipment)andstaysinasafeareaduringthewholeoperation;
- thedriverhandsitskeysovertothelogisticaloperator.
Theoperator:
- theoperatorblocksthewheels;
- theoperatorinstallsthestairswithhandrailatthebackofthetruck;
- theoperatorwearshisPPE.Hewillalwaysstayawayfromthemovingload;
- attheendoftheoperations,theoperatorunblocksthewheels;
- theoperatorremovethestairs;
- theoperatorreturnsthekeytothedriver,whocannowleavesafely.
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Thesafetyprotocolinpictogram:
4.2 Truckdriver
ThetruckdriversmusthavethefollowingdocumentsandinformationtogainentrancetotheloadinglocationofArcelorMittal:
-identification;-companyname;-detailedlistofgoodstobeloaded;-totalweightoftheloadtobeloaded;-destinationafterloading;-loadingover25t.,ADRpermission…
Accesswillberefusedwhenadriver:
-usesalcoholordrugsorbringsthemtothepremises;-takespassengerorpets.However,aseconddriverisallowed.
TruckdriversarerequiredtoshowtheirPPE(PersonalProtectiveEquipment)whenaskedtodoso.
Truckdriversmusthaveanduse,asaminimum,thefollowingPPE:
4.3 Vehicles
Areinthescopeofthisbooklet:
Thevehiclesmustbemaintainedinsuchawaythattheyaresafetoworkwithoron.
4.3.1 Caracteristicsoftheplatform
Theloadingplatformshouldbeflat,solid,stable,wellmaintained(nomissingorbrokenboards),clean(freeofdirtandfluids),closedanddry(exceptforopentrailers).
IftheArcelorMittaldispatcherdecidesthatthetrailerisnotclean,itwillnotbeloaded.
4.3.2 Securingequipments:
Itmustinclude:
-headwall;-sidewalland/orstanchions;-attachmentpoints.
Headwall
Headwallmustsecuretheloadingfromslippingoverthefrontedgeoftheloadingarea.
RequiredPPE PotentiallyrequiredPPE
helmet shoes
glasses gloves
bodyprotection earprotection
Truck Tractorwithsemi-trailer Lorrytrailer
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Theymustbeashighasthehighestloadingandwithstandapressureofminimum80%ofthetotalload.Theyshouldresisttoapressureof80%ofthetotalload,onthewholesize(notatonepoint).
Evenonextendabletrailers,thefrontwallshouldbedivisiblesothatshortbarscanbecombinedandsafelytransportedalongwithextralongbars.
Sidewall
Sidewallsaretheexternalborderoftheloadingarea.Theypreventlightproductsfromfallingdown.Thesidewallmustberigid.Forheavysteelproducts,plainsidewallscanbereplacedbystanchions.
Stanchions
Stanchionsmustbeinaluminiumorsteelandmustbelongtotheoriginalequipmentprovidedbythecertifiedtrailermanufacturer.Theymustbeingoodcondition.
Attachmentpoints
Thecargosecuringpoints,insufficientnumber,mustbeintegratedinthevehicleconstruction.Thenumberofloadstrapsissufficienttosecurethecargo.Theseloadstrapsarenotwornordamaged.It’sonlyallowedtoconnectthestrapsandthesecuringpointswithhooks.Knotsareforbidden.
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4.4 Loadingofthecargoonthetruck
TheloadingofthecargoismanagedbyArcelorMittalemployees.Thetruckdriverhasthepossibilitytogiveadvicesonhowtoplacethegoodsonthetruck.
4.5 Behaviorofthetruckdriver
Thetruckdriversmustworkinasafewayandbehaveaccordingtothestandardonboththeloadingandunloadingareas.
Driversmust:
-weartheadaptedPPE;-strictlyfollowthesafetyregulationsintheloadingareas;-stayoutsidethelorry,inanindicatedsafezone,duringtheloading;-securetheloadasdescribedinEuropeanstandard.
Driversmustnot:
-openorclosetheroofinanunsafeway;-neverclimbonthesideedge;-jumpoutoffthetrailer;-beonthetrailerduringtheloading;-operateinstallationsbelongingtoArcelorMittal(forklift,trucks,cranes,etc.);-touchtheloadorthehoistorguidethesebyhands.
Beforetheloadingbeginsthedrivermustuncoverthelorryinsafeconditionsandcheckthatthefloorofthetraileriscleananddry.
Loadingoftrucksbycrane
Ifthereareseveralloaders,onechiefofoperationmustbestrictlynominatedandknownbythecranedriver.Hemusthaveadistinctivesign(waistcoatorhelmetwithadifferentcolor,etc.).ThestandardAMST007“Cranesandlifting“mustbeapplied.
Loadingoftrucksbyforklift
ThestandardAMST006“Vehiclesanddriving”,appendix2“Forkliftoperationstandard”,mustbeapplied.
IfthestandardsAMST006andAMST007arenotknown,pleasecontacttheLCEpurchasingteam.
5. Securing of the cargo
Afterloading,thesecuringoftheloadismanagedbythetruckdriverinaccordancewiththeEuropeanstandard.
5.1 Differentmethodsofsecuring
Wefindthreedifferentformsofsecuring:
-securingbyformclosure;-securingbyfriction;-securingbydirectfixing.
5.1.1 Securingbyformclosure
Securingbyformclosuremeansblockingtheload.Itisimportanttohavenofreespaces.Thismethodisveryeffectivebutnotalwayspossible.
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5.1.2 Securingbyfriction
Fixingtheloadbyenhancingthefrictionforceisawidelyusedmethod.
5.1.3 Securingbydirectfixing
Thisisoneofthebestmethodsavailable.Thesecondpictureshowsalooplashing,thisisanotherexcellentdirectfixingmethod.
6. Before departure of the truck
Beforedepartureofthetruck,anArcelorMittalemployeeandthetruckdrivershouldperformtogetheraqualityauditontheresultofloadingandsecuringofthecargo.
Attheendoftheaudit,theyshouldsignacommondocumentwith,asaminimumthefollowinginformation:
-thedate;
-companyname;
-truckdrivername;
-registrationnumberofthetruck;
-picturesofthesecuringload(withdateanddriver’ssignature)etc.
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Auditexample
LCEHealth&Safety Guideline
Ref.:Issue:Vers.:Rev.:
Auditaftertruckloading
ControlledCirculation
Elaboratedby: Checkedby: Approvedby:
Name: EricCouriot AndréBockArnaudPoupart-
Lafarge
• Date:
• Transportcompanyname:
• Registrationnumberofthetruck:
• Registrationnumberofthetrailer:
• Truckdriverlastname:
• Typeofgoods:
• Order#:
• Destinationafterloading(customer):
• Totalweight:
Pictures:
- generalviewofloading;
- generalviewofcargosecuring;
- detailedviewofcargosecuring.
Signatures: Truckdriver ArcelorMittalauditor
7. Positioning the load
Theloadneedstobepositionedfollowingtheadequaterules.Thetruckdriverhastheresponsabilitytoknowwheretoputtheloadtodrivesafely.
Theplanoftheloaddivisionmustbeinthehandsofthedriver.
Examples:
6,5m
AB
C
D11,5t10t
8t6t4t2t
6m 5m 4m 3m 2m 1m
Chargeweight: 7t
A=LimitauthorizedonfrontaxleB=LimitauthorizedonbackaxleC=LimittoguaranteemaneuverabilityD=Limitduetototalauthorizedweight
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8. Technical equipments for loading
Allsecuringdevicesaschains,belts,etc.mustbelabelledaccordingtotheEuropeanStandardEN12195,andusedaccordingtothislabel.Aidsforloadingsafetymustfulfilltheirnecessities(enoughandcorrectequipmentingoodcondition).Anymisusageisstrictlyforbidden!
8.1Stripaids
Theuseofsecuringdevicesiscompulsory.Dependingofthemillandproductsthesecanbe:
-steelchains;-syntheticfiberstraps;-cables;-ratchets.
Whenthedeviceisdamaged(cuts,knots,etc.),itcannotbeusedandmustbedestroyed.
8.1.1Steelchains
Thesteelchainsareequippedwitharatchetandmusthavealabel.
8.1.2Syntheticfiberstraps
Alashingstripisatoolforloadingsafety,whichcanbefixedwithalashingpoint,tosecuretheloadingonstreetvehicles.Alashingstripismadebyabelt,atensingelement(ratchet)andfasteners(hooks).
8.1.3Cables
Cablesarenecessarytofixtheload.Theyaremadeofsteelandcanbeusedtogetherwithcablewinchesandlashingpoints.Thecablewinchesareoftenfixedonthetrucks.
8.1.4Ratchets
Aratchetisamechanicalimplementusedtointroducetractionintoanelementundertension.
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8.1.5Lashings
Lashingisfixingtheloadwithlashingstrips,lashingcablesorlashingchains.Toplashingisnotthemainloadingsecurity,butanadditivetotheformclosuresecuringmethod.Tofixtheloadwithonlylashingstrips,thesteelpacketmustbecoveredcompletelywithlashingstrips.
8.2Edgeandcornerprotections
Syntheticorsimilarcoveredsidecornerprotectionsmustbeavailableinthevehicleifthereuseismandatory.
Theedgeprotectorsmustnotbemadebyanti-slidingmaterials(anti-slidemats,oldgloves,etc.)becausethepowerofthestripmustbeturnedaroundasequalaspossible.Anti-slidematerialsreducethelashingpower.
9. Examples
9.1 Packagingofbendedrebars
Rebarsareoftendeliveredinsmallbendedpieces,eveninbignumbers.Theymustbefixedinabundle,sotheycannotfallofthecraneorthetruck.Thiscanbedonebywires,cables,boxesorbigpacks.
9.2 Rails
Therearedifferentpossibilitiesforloading.
freebars “headup”bundles “married”bundles
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9.3 Wire
Forthisproduct,wemustuseananti-slidematandlashing.
9.4 Beamsandsections
9.5 Billets
Therawsofbilletscanbeseparatedbysolidbarandmustbesecuredbylashing.
9.6 Sheetpiles
9.7 Beamblank
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10.1 Housekeeping
Beforestartingtheloading,theplatformmustbecleaned.Woodandstripsmakepeoplefall.Sandandwatermakesitslippery.
10. Good practices
10.2 Adaptedplatformstopreparethetruck
Theplatformsareequippedwithladdersandsafetyropes.
10.4 Stairs
Stairsarecompulsory.Stairswithhandrailhelpsforeasyandsafeaccesstoload.
10.3 Removableplatforms
Theseplatformsareoneofthetoolsusedtoload.
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10.5 Anti-slidemat
Anti-slidematsincreasethefrictionbetweenwoodandsteel.Theymustbelaidbetweeneverylayer.Eachloading-layersmustbecompletelydividedbyanti-slip-mats,butitshouldnotbelaidonthewholeloadingarea(nocarpeting).Inthesteeldistribution,stripesofanti-slidematsareuseful.
10.6 Slidingroof