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Transcript of Bobcatsss Presentation
Making Public Information Meaningfullibraries and democratic engagement in the digital age
Lauren SmithPhD Research Student
University of Strathclyde Glasgow Scotland
laurennsmithstrathacuktwitter walkyouhome
BOBCATSSS Conference Amsterdam23rd - 25th January 2012
Considerations Citizenship and Democratic Engagement
Online Information
Political Information-Seeking
Online Engagement
Impacts and Barriers
Solutions Interventions
Citizenship Citizen ldquoone who has a share in both the ruling and being ruledrdquo
(Aristotle)
Status + Rights + Duties
ldquoCitizenship describes the relationship between the citizen and the state and the need for citizens to understand the political and economic processes institutions laws rights and responsibilities of our democratic systemrdquo (Institute for Citizenship 2012)
ldquoA good democratic system attempts to ensure informed and reflective decisionsrdquo (Sunstein 2001)
Democratic Engagement ldquoindividual and collective actions designed to identify and address
issues of public concernrdquo (Tapia amp Ortiz 2010)
ldquoindividual and collection involvement in public affairsrdquo (Norris 2001 in Tapia amp Ortiz 2010)
Synonyms
political participation citizen participation citizen involvement popular participation public involvement citizen engagement Indicators of Democratic Engagement
(Canadian Index of Wellbeing 2010)
Democratic Political Civic Engagement
Voting in elections Signing petitions Donating money to campaigning
organisations Taking part in a protest or
demonstration Joining a campaigning organisation Joining a political party Donating money to a political party
Democratic Deficit
Democratic deficit in UK (Demos 2008) and worldwide (Hill
2009 Print 2007)
Democratic engagement low and in decline (Hansard
Society 2009 Demos 2008 Coleman 2005)
2010 general election turnout 651 of the eligible voter
population
Importance of Engagement Address democratic deficit
Democratic engagement and participation fundamental to successful
democratic societies (Uitermark amp Duyvendak 2008)
People more likely to discuss with peer groups and others
Increased hetereogeneity
Increased understanding of others points of view
More realistic view of politics ndash disenchantment less likely (Hay 2003)
Digital By Default
ldquoSimplifying the user experience of digital public services by making all of governmentrsquos transactional services available through Directgovrdquo (Cabinet Office)
Citizens Advice Bureau warns against ldquopremature withdrawal of non-digital channelsrdquo (Citizens Advice Bureau 2011)
Risk of ldquodissuading those who are not computer literate from being tax compliantrdquo House of Commonsrsquo Treasury Sub-Committee 2011 in Citizens Advice Bureau 2011)
Citizenship InformationType A (First-Principle Justiciable)
1 Electoral information
2 Legal (statutory) information
3 Etc (essential health information)
Type B (Second-Principle Justiciable)1 Domestic political news 2 Foreign political news 3 STM information (scientific technical medical)4 Etc
Type C (Nonjusticiable) 1 Soft news 2 Entertainment 3 Etc
(Steele 1998 in Duff 2011)
Political Information-Seeking
40 of Internet users have looked for political news and information on the Web (Cornfield amp Rainie 2003)
Using internet because newspapers and television not sufficient
Finding out where and
when to vote
Contributing money to a candidate
Taking part in political
conversations
Finding out about a
candidates voting history
Online Engagement
70 of respondents agree that the internet makes it easier for them to participate in civic and political activities
49 agree that they would generally prefer to use the internet to participate in civic and political activitiesHansard Society (2010)
Benefits of Online Engagement Increased access to information and discussion fora
More convenient
Privacy ()
Exposure to political difference
People better able to explain reasons for political opinions People have increased tolerance understanding of othersrsquo views People have better idea of distribution of public opinion ndash sense
of legitimacy for democratic outcomes
(Duff 2011)
Benefits of Online Discussion
Anonymity testing out new identities (Borgida amp Stark 2004)
Discussion aids construction of self community culture (Turkle 1997)
Greater willingness to express less socially desirable opinions (Evans et al 2003)
Political discussion results in better informed decisions changed positions (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Increased social trust and community participation (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Problems With Online Engagement Risk of selective exposure ldquoTrue democracy thrives when people seek
out new information and ideas rather than information that only
bolsters their current beliefs and attitudesrdquo (Sunstein 2001 in
Borgida amp Stark 2004)
However little evidence that people are using the Internet to
actively seek or avoid political difference (Brundidge 2010)
People with high levels of knowledgeengagement more likely to
participate (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Online vs Offline
Just a ldquonew way of doing old thingsrdquo (Tyler 2002)
Does the internet defy what we know about real life
psychological amp social structures (Brundige 2010)
Political psychology doesnt alter between onlineoffline
ldquoAn inclusive information society essentially is a society where
everyone has the information that they need digital or otherwiserdquo
(Duff 2011)
Political Discussion Network Heterogeneity
Geographical Space
Communicative Space
ldquoPoliticalrdquo Space
Private Public Space
Brundidge (2010)
Information Literacy Information-seeking competence as a sociopolitical skill
Critically scrutinizing questions
Who produces what print and electronic publications and for whom
Which institutions corporations and individuals are supporting publishing in terms of financial and political support
Who takes part in the process of information decontextualization relocation and recontextualization
(Pawley 2003)
Information-Seeking Behaviour How do people look for information
about political issues
What forms does the information take
Newspapers Television Radio Blog posts forums Discussion with peers Formal education (citizenship)
Barriers to Access Digital divide(s) (Barzilai-Nahon 2006 in Duff 2011 Sunstein 2001)
Library closures and funding cuts
Library policy ndash unwillingness to get involved in political issues
Information poverty
Information literacy
Age disability health medical conditions lack of skills or not being
able to afford access (Citizens Advice Bureau 2011)
Social inequalities may be magnified (Jensen et al 2007)
Rawls-Tawney Theorem Reinforcement of public library systems Reversal of attrition in the status and conditions of
reference librarians More generously funded
information and media literacy programs in schools at all levels
New models of news-information institutions
(Duff 2011)
Public Libraries ldquoPurveyors of factrdquo (Museums Libraries amp
Archives Council 2010) Physical and electronic information resources
Providing access to the internet
Providing a neutral space for online and offline political discussion with diverse groups
Encouraging serendipitous discovery
Encouraging tolerance of different views
ldquoLibrary as democratic hothouserdquo(Madsen 2009)
Democracy Hubs Community democracy hubs (Power Inquiry 2010)
Public library as community commons
Citizens learn how to ldquofind evaluate and use the information essential for making decisions that affect the way we live learn work and govern ourselvesrdquo (Kranich 2001)
ldquoI helped a person who can barely read register to vote Without me they couldnt have participated in our democracy I hold sessions for people to give their views on local amp national government consultations because libraries are one of the few places that hold copies of physical documents and also have computers to submit an online response The library is a meeting space for the local walking group and Neighbourhood Forum meetings as well as out of hours computer training Its also the venue for our local councillor drop in service as well as our PCSOs and MPrdquo (Librarian commenting on Guardian website 2010)
References Andersen J (2006) ldquoThe public sphere and discursive activities information literacy as
sociopolitical skillsrdquo Journal of Documentation 62(2) 213-228
Borgida E amp Stark E (2004) ldquoNew media and politics some insights from social and political psychologyrdquo American Behavioral Scientist 48 (4) 467-478 httpproxylibstrathacukloginurl=httpsearchproquestcomdocview57120252accountid=14116
Brundidge J (2010) ldquoEncountering ldquoDifferencerdquo in the Contemporary Public Sphere The Contribution of the Internet to the Heterogeneity of Political Discussion Networksrdquo Journal of Communication 60 (4) 680-700
Cabinet Office (2010) The Coalition our programme for government London Crown Copyright httpwwwcabinetofficegovukmedia409088pfg_coalitionpdf
Canadian Index of Wellbeing (2010) Indicators of Democratic Engagement Toronto Canadian Index of Wellbeing httpwwwciwcaenTheCanadianIndexOfWellbeingDomainsOfWellbeingDemocraticEngagementaspx
Coleman S (2005) ldquoe-Democracy whats the big ideardquo Manchester British Council httpwwwbritishcouncilorgbc-edemocracy-2doc
Demos (2008) Democratising Engagementrdquo London Demos httpwwwdemoscoukfilesDemocratising_Engagement-webpdf
Duff A (2011) ldquoThe Rawls-Tawney Theorem and the Digital Divide in Postindustrial Societyrdquo Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 62 (3) 604-612
Hansard Society (2009) Audit of Political Engagement 6 Political Engagement Indicators London Hansard Society httpwwwhansardsocietyorgukfilesfolders1755downloadaspx
Hill C (2009) ldquoInside outside amp onlinerdquo American Libraries 40 (3) 38-42
Institute for Citizenship (2012) ldquoWhat is Citizenshiprdquo httpcitizenorgukWhat_is_Citizenshiphtm
Jensen M Danziger JN amp Venkatesh A (2007) ldquoCivil society and cyber society the role of the internet in community associations and democratic politicsrdquo The Information Society 23 39-50
Madsen MC (2009) The library as democratic hothouse Scandinavian Public Library Quarterly 42 (1) 10-11
Moy P amp Gastil J (2006) ldquoPredicting deliberative conversation the impact of discussion networks media use and political cognitionrdquo Political Communication 23 443-460
Museums Libraries and Archives Council (2008) Generic Social Outcomes httpinspiringlearningforallgovuktoolstemplatesgenericsocial
Print M (2007) Citizenship education and youth participation in democracy British Journal of Educational Studies 55 (3) 325-345 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext118492668PDFSTART
Sunstein C (2001) republiccom Princeton NJ Princeton University Press
Tapia A H amp Ortiz J A (2010) Network Hopes Municipalities Deploying Wireless internet to Increase Civic Engagement Social Science Computer Review 28 (1) 93-117 httpsscsagepubcomcgicontentabstract28193
Uitermark J amp Duyvendak J W (2008) Citizen participation in a mediated age neighbourhood governance in The Netherlands International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 32 (1) 114-134 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext119403656PDFSTART
Images Library polling station by makelessnoise on Flickr
Public library computer by sillygwailo on Flickr
Global village communications by Combined Media on Flickr
Scales of Justice by Citizensheep on Flickr
Fox News by FastFashn on Flickr
All images creative commons attribution licensed
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Citizenship Information
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- PowerPoint Presentation
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
Considerations Citizenship and Democratic Engagement
Online Information
Political Information-Seeking
Online Engagement
Impacts and Barriers
Solutions Interventions
Citizenship Citizen ldquoone who has a share in both the ruling and being ruledrdquo
(Aristotle)
Status + Rights + Duties
ldquoCitizenship describes the relationship between the citizen and the state and the need for citizens to understand the political and economic processes institutions laws rights and responsibilities of our democratic systemrdquo (Institute for Citizenship 2012)
ldquoA good democratic system attempts to ensure informed and reflective decisionsrdquo (Sunstein 2001)
Democratic Engagement ldquoindividual and collective actions designed to identify and address
issues of public concernrdquo (Tapia amp Ortiz 2010)
ldquoindividual and collection involvement in public affairsrdquo (Norris 2001 in Tapia amp Ortiz 2010)
Synonyms
political participation citizen participation citizen involvement popular participation public involvement citizen engagement Indicators of Democratic Engagement
(Canadian Index of Wellbeing 2010)
Democratic Political Civic Engagement
Voting in elections Signing petitions Donating money to campaigning
organisations Taking part in a protest or
demonstration Joining a campaigning organisation Joining a political party Donating money to a political party
Democratic Deficit
Democratic deficit in UK (Demos 2008) and worldwide (Hill
2009 Print 2007)
Democratic engagement low and in decline (Hansard
Society 2009 Demos 2008 Coleman 2005)
2010 general election turnout 651 of the eligible voter
population
Importance of Engagement Address democratic deficit
Democratic engagement and participation fundamental to successful
democratic societies (Uitermark amp Duyvendak 2008)
People more likely to discuss with peer groups and others
Increased hetereogeneity
Increased understanding of others points of view
More realistic view of politics ndash disenchantment less likely (Hay 2003)
Digital By Default
ldquoSimplifying the user experience of digital public services by making all of governmentrsquos transactional services available through Directgovrdquo (Cabinet Office)
Citizens Advice Bureau warns against ldquopremature withdrawal of non-digital channelsrdquo (Citizens Advice Bureau 2011)
Risk of ldquodissuading those who are not computer literate from being tax compliantrdquo House of Commonsrsquo Treasury Sub-Committee 2011 in Citizens Advice Bureau 2011)
Citizenship InformationType A (First-Principle Justiciable)
1 Electoral information
2 Legal (statutory) information
3 Etc (essential health information)
Type B (Second-Principle Justiciable)1 Domestic political news 2 Foreign political news 3 STM information (scientific technical medical)4 Etc
Type C (Nonjusticiable) 1 Soft news 2 Entertainment 3 Etc
(Steele 1998 in Duff 2011)
Political Information-Seeking
40 of Internet users have looked for political news and information on the Web (Cornfield amp Rainie 2003)
Using internet because newspapers and television not sufficient
Finding out where and
when to vote
Contributing money to a candidate
Taking part in political
conversations
Finding out about a
candidates voting history
Online Engagement
70 of respondents agree that the internet makes it easier for them to participate in civic and political activities
49 agree that they would generally prefer to use the internet to participate in civic and political activitiesHansard Society (2010)
Benefits of Online Engagement Increased access to information and discussion fora
More convenient
Privacy ()
Exposure to political difference
People better able to explain reasons for political opinions People have increased tolerance understanding of othersrsquo views People have better idea of distribution of public opinion ndash sense
of legitimacy for democratic outcomes
(Duff 2011)
Benefits of Online Discussion
Anonymity testing out new identities (Borgida amp Stark 2004)
Discussion aids construction of self community culture (Turkle 1997)
Greater willingness to express less socially desirable opinions (Evans et al 2003)
Political discussion results in better informed decisions changed positions (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Increased social trust and community participation (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Problems With Online Engagement Risk of selective exposure ldquoTrue democracy thrives when people seek
out new information and ideas rather than information that only
bolsters their current beliefs and attitudesrdquo (Sunstein 2001 in
Borgida amp Stark 2004)
However little evidence that people are using the Internet to
actively seek or avoid political difference (Brundidge 2010)
People with high levels of knowledgeengagement more likely to
participate (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Online vs Offline
Just a ldquonew way of doing old thingsrdquo (Tyler 2002)
Does the internet defy what we know about real life
psychological amp social structures (Brundige 2010)
Political psychology doesnt alter between onlineoffline
ldquoAn inclusive information society essentially is a society where
everyone has the information that they need digital or otherwiserdquo
(Duff 2011)
Political Discussion Network Heterogeneity
Geographical Space
Communicative Space
ldquoPoliticalrdquo Space
Private Public Space
Brundidge (2010)
Information Literacy Information-seeking competence as a sociopolitical skill
Critically scrutinizing questions
Who produces what print and electronic publications and for whom
Which institutions corporations and individuals are supporting publishing in terms of financial and political support
Who takes part in the process of information decontextualization relocation and recontextualization
(Pawley 2003)
Information-Seeking Behaviour How do people look for information
about political issues
What forms does the information take
Newspapers Television Radio Blog posts forums Discussion with peers Formal education (citizenship)
Barriers to Access Digital divide(s) (Barzilai-Nahon 2006 in Duff 2011 Sunstein 2001)
Library closures and funding cuts
Library policy ndash unwillingness to get involved in political issues
Information poverty
Information literacy
Age disability health medical conditions lack of skills or not being
able to afford access (Citizens Advice Bureau 2011)
Social inequalities may be magnified (Jensen et al 2007)
Rawls-Tawney Theorem Reinforcement of public library systems Reversal of attrition in the status and conditions of
reference librarians More generously funded
information and media literacy programs in schools at all levels
New models of news-information institutions
(Duff 2011)
Public Libraries ldquoPurveyors of factrdquo (Museums Libraries amp
Archives Council 2010) Physical and electronic information resources
Providing access to the internet
Providing a neutral space for online and offline political discussion with diverse groups
Encouraging serendipitous discovery
Encouraging tolerance of different views
ldquoLibrary as democratic hothouserdquo(Madsen 2009)
Democracy Hubs Community democracy hubs (Power Inquiry 2010)
Public library as community commons
Citizens learn how to ldquofind evaluate and use the information essential for making decisions that affect the way we live learn work and govern ourselvesrdquo (Kranich 2001)
ldquoI helped a person who can barely read register to vote Without me they couldnt have participated in our democracy I hold sessions for people to give their views on local amp national government consultations because libraries are one of the few places that hold copies of physical documents and also have computers to submit an online response The library is a meeting space for the local walking group and Neighbourhood Forum meetings as well as out of hours computer training Its also the venue for our local councillor drop in service as well as our PCSOs and MPrdquo (Librarian commenting on Guardian website 2010)
References Andersen J (2006) ldquoThe public sphere and discursive activities information literacy as
sociopolitical skillsrdquo Journal of Documentation 62(2) 213-228
Borgida E amp Stark E (2004) ldquoNew media and politics some insights from social and political psychologyrdquo American Behavioral Scientist 48 (4) 467-478 httpproxylibstrathacukloginurl=httpsearchproquestcomdocview57120252accountid=14116
Brundidge J (2010) ldquoEncountering ldquoDifferencerdquo in the Contemporary Public Sphere The Contribution of the Internet to the Heterogeneity of Political Discussion Networksrdquo Journal of Communication 60 (4) 680-700
Cabinet Office (2010) The Coalition our programme for government London Crown Copyright httpwwwcabinetofficegovukmedia409088pfg_coalitionpdf
Canadian Index of Wellbeing (2010) Indicators of Democratic Engagement Toronto Canadian Index of Wellbeing httpwwwciwcaenTheCanadianIndexOfWellbeingDomainsOfWellbeingDemocraticEngagementaspx
Coleman S (2005) ldquoe-Democracy whats the big ideardquo Manchester British Council httpwwwbritishcouncilorgbc-edemocracy-2doc
Demos (2008) Democratising Engagementrdquo London Demos httpwwwdemoscoukfilesDemocratising_Engagement-webpdf
Duff A (2011) ldquoThe Rawls-Tawney Theorem and the Digital Divide in Postindustrial Societyrdquo Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 62 (3) 604-612
Hansard Society (2009) Audit of Political Engagement 6 Political Engagement Indicators London Hansard Society httpwwwhansardsocietyorgukfilesfolders1755downloadaspx
Hill C (2009) ldquoInside outside amp onlinerdquo American Libraries 40 (3) 38-42
Institute for Citizenship (2012) ldquoWhat is Citizenshiprdquo httpcitizenorgukWhat_is_Citizenshiphtm
Jensen M Danziger JN amp Venkatesh A (2007) ldquoCivil society and cyber society the role of the internet in community associations and democratic politicsrdquo The Information Society 23 39-50
Madsen MC (2009) The library as democratic hothouse Scandinavian Public Library Quarterly 42 (1) 10-11
Moy P amp Gastil J (2006) ldquoPredicting deliberative conversation the impact of discussion networks media use and political cognitionrdquo Political Communication 23 443-460
Museums Libraries and Archives Council (2008) Generic Social Outcomes httpinspiringlearningforallgovuktoolstemplatesgenericsocial
Print M (2007) Citizenship education and youth participation in democracy British Journal of Educational Studies 55 (3) 325-345 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext118492668PDFSTART
Sunstein C (2001) republiccom Princeton NJ Princeton University Press
Tapia A H amp Ortiz J A (2010) Network Hopes Municipalities Deploying Wireless internet to Increase Civic Engagement Social Science Computer Review 28 (1) 93-117 httpsscsagepubcomcgicontentabstract28193
Uitermark J amp Duyvendak J W (2008) Citizen participation in a mediated age neighbourhood governance in The Netherlands International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 32 (1) 114-134 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext119403656PDFSTART
Images Library polling station by makelessnoise on Flickr
Public library computer by sillygwailo on Flickr
Global village communications by Combined Media on Flickr
Scales of Justice by Citizensheep on Flickr
Fox News by FastFashn on Flickr
All images creative commons attribution licensed
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Citizenship Information
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- PowerPoint Presentation
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
Citizenship Citizen ldquoone who has a share in both the ruling and being ruledrdquo
(Aristotle)
Status + Rights + Duties
ldquoCitizenship describes the relationship between the citizen and the state and the need for citizens to understand the political and economic processes institutions laws rights and responsibilities of our democratic systemrdquo (Institute for Citizenship 2012)
ldquoA good democratic system attempts to ensure informed and reflective decisionsrdquo (Sunstein 2001)
Democratic Engagement ldquoindividual and collective actions designed to identify and address
issues of public concernrdquo (Tapia amp Ortiz 2010)
ldquoindividual and collection involvement in public affairsrdquo (Norris 2001 in Tapia amp Ortiz 2010)
Synonyms
political participation citizen participation citizen involvement popular participation public involvement citizen engagement Indicators of Democratic Engagement
(Canadian Index of Wellbeing 2010)
Democratic Political Civic Engagement
Voting in elections Signing petitions Donating money to campaigning
organisations Taking part in a protest or
demonstration Joining a campaigning organisation Joining a political party Donating money to a political party
Democratic Deficit
Democratic deficit in UK (Demos 2008) and worldwide (Hill
2009 Print 2007)
Democratic engagement low and in decline (Hansard
Society 2009 Demos 2008 Coleman 2005)
2010 general election turnout 651 of the eligible voter
population
Importance of Engagement Address democratic deficit
Democratic engagement and participation fundamental to successful
democratic societies (Uitermark amp Duyvendak 2008)
People more likely to discuss with peer groups and others
Increased hetereogeneity
Increased understanding of others points of view
More realistic view of politics ndash disenchantment less likely (Hay 2003)
Digital By Default
ldquoSimplifying the user experience of digital public services by making all of governmentrsquos transactional services available through Directgovrdquo (Cabinet Office)
Citizens Advice Bureau warns against ldquopremature withdrawal of non-digital channelsrdquo (Citizens Advice Bureau 2011)
Risk of ldquodissuading those who are not computer literate from being tax compliantrdquo House of Commonsrsquo Treasury Sub-Committee 2011 in Citizens Advice Bureau 2011)
Citizenship InformationType A (First-Principle Justiciable)
1 Electoral information
2 Legal (statutory) information
3 Etc (essential health information)
Type B (Second-Principle Justiciable)1 Domestic political news 2 Foreign political news 3 STM information (scientific technical medical)4 Etc
Type C (Nonjusticiable) 1 Soft news 2 Entertainment 3 Etc
(Steele 1998 in Duff 2011)
Political Information-Seeking
40 of Internet users have looked for political news and information on the Web (Cornfield amp Rainie 2003)
Using internet because newspapers and television not sufficient
Finding out where and
when to vote
Contributing money to a candidate
Taking part in political
conversations
Finding out about a
candidates voting history
Online Engagement
70 of respondents agree that the internet makes it easier for them to participate in civic and political activities
49 agree that they would generally prefer to use the internet to participate in civic and political activitiesHansard Society (2010)
Benefits of Online Engagement Increased access to information and discussion fora
More convenient
Privacy ()
Exposure to political difference
People better able to explain reasons for political opinions People have increased tolerance understanding of othersrsquo views People have better idea of distribution of public opinion ndash sense
of legitimacy for democratic outcomes
(Duff 2011)
Benefits of Online Discussion
Anonymity testing out new identities (Borgida amp Stark 2004)
Discussion aids construction of self community culture (Turkle 1997)
Greater willingness to express less socially desirable opinions (Evans et al 2003)
Political discussion results in better informed decisions changed positions (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Increased social trust and community participation (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Problems With Online Engagement Risk of selective exposure ldquoTrue democracy thrives when people seek
out new information and ideas rather than information that only
bolsters their current beliefs and attitudesrdquo (Sunstein 2001 in
Borgida amp Stark 2004)
However little evidence that people are using the Internet to
actively seek or avoid political difference (Brundidge 2010)
People with high levels of knowledgeengagement more likely to
participate (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Online vs Offline
Just a ldquonew way of doing old thingsrdquo (Tyler 2002)
Does the internet defy what we know about real life
psychological amp social structures (Brundige 2010)
Political psychology doesnt alter between onlineoffline
ldquoAn inclusive information society essentially is a society where
everyone has the information that they need digital or otherwiserdquo
(Duff 2011)
Political Discussion Network Heterogeneity
Geographical Space
Communicative Space
ldquoPoliticalrdquo Space
Private Public Space
Brundidge (2010)
Information Literacy Information-seeking competence as a sociopolitical skill
Critically scrutinizing questions
Who produces what print and electronic publications and for whom
Which institutions corporations and individuals are supporting publishing in terms of financial and political support
Who takes part in the process of information decontextualization relocation and recontextualization
(Pawley 2003)
Information-Seeking Behaviour How do people look for information
about political issues
What forms does the information take
Newspapers Television Radio Blog posts forums Discussion with peers Formal education (citizenship)
Barriers to Access Digital divide(s) (Barzilai-Nahon 2006 in Duff 2011 Sunstein 2001)
Library closures and funding cuts
Library policy ndash unwillingness to get involved in political issues
Information poverty
Information literacy
Age disability health medical conditions lack of skills or not being
able to afford access (Citizens Advice Bureau 2011)
Social inequalities may be magnified (Jensen et al 2007)
Rawls-Tawney Theorem Reinforcement of public library systems Reversal of attrition in the status and conditions of
reference librarians More generously funded
information and media literacy programs in schools at all levels
New models of news-information institutions
(Duff 2011)
Public Libraries ldquoPurveyors of factrdquo (Museums Libraries amp
Archives Council 2010) Physical and electronic information resources
Providing access to the internet
Providing a neutral space for online and offline political discussion with diverse groups
Encouraging serendipitous discovery
Encouraging tolerance of different views
ldquoLibrary as democratic hothouserdquo(Madsen 2009)
Democracy Hubs Community democracy hubs (Power Inquiry 2010)
Public library as community commons
Citizens learn how to ldquofind evaluate and use the information essential for making decisions that affect the way we live learn work and govern ourselvesrdquo (Kranich 2001)
ldquoI helped a person who can barely read register to vote Without me they couldnt have participated in our democracy I hold sessions for people to give their views on local amp national government consultations because libraries are one of the few places that hold copies of physical documents and also have computers to submit an online response The library is a meeting space for the local walking group and Neighbourhood Forum meetings as well as out of hours computer training Its also the venue for our local councillor drop in service as well as our PCSOs and MPrdquo (Librarian commenting on Guardian website 2010)
References Andersen J (2006) ldquoThe public sphere and discursive activities information literacy as
sociopolitical skillsrdquo Journal of Documentation 62(2) 213-228
Borgida E amp Stark E (2004) ldquoNew media and politics some insights from social and political psychologyrdquo American Behavioral Scientist 48 (4) 467-478 httpproxylibstrathacukloginurl=httpsearchproquestcomdocview57120252accountid=14116
Brundidge J (2010) ldquoEncountering ldquoDifferencerdquo in the Contemporary Public Sphere The Contribution of the Internet to the Heterogeneity of Political Discussion Networksrdquo Journal of Communication 60 (4) 680-700
Cabinet Office (2010) The Coalition our programme for government London Crown Copyright httpwwwcabinetofficegovukmedia409088pfg_coalitionpdf
Canadian Index of Wellbeing (2010) Indicators of Democratic Engagement Toronto Canadian Index of Wellbeing httpwwwciwcaenTheCanadianIndexOfWellbeingDomainsOfWellbeingDemocraticEngagementaspx
Coleman S (2005) ldquoe-Democracy whats the big ideardquo Manchester British Council httpwwwbritishcouncilorgbc-edemocracy-2doc
Demos (2008) Democratising Engagementrdquo London Demos httpwwwdemoscoukfilesDemocratising_Engagement-webpdf
Duff A (2011) ldquoThe Rawls-Tawney Theorem and the Digital Divide in Postindustrial Societyrdquo Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 62 (3) 604-612
Hansard Society (2009) Audit of Political Engagement 6 Political Engagement Indicators London Hansard Society httpwwwhansardsocietyorgukfilesfolders1755downloadaspx
Hill C (2009) ldquoInside outside amp onlinerdquo American Libraries 40 (3) 38-42
Institute for Citizenship (2012) ldquoWhat is Citizenshiprdquo httpcitizenorgukWhat_is_Citizenshiphtm
Jensen M Danziger JN amp Venkatesh A (2007) ldquoCivil society and cyber society the role of the internet in community associations and democratic politicsrdquo The Information Society 23 39-50
Madsen MC (2009) The library as democratic hothouse Scandinavian Public Library Quarterly 42 (1) 10-11
Moy P amp Gastil J (2006) ldquoPredicting deliberative conversation the impact of discussion networks media use and political cognitionrdquo Political Communication 23 443-460
Museums Libraries and Archives Council (2008) Generic Social Outcomes httpinspiringlearningforallgovuktoolstemplatesgenericsocial
Print M (2007) Citizenship education and youth participation in democracy British Journal of Educational Studies 55 (3) 325-345 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext118492668PDFSTART
Sunstein C (2001) republiccom Princeton NJ Princeton University Press
Tapia A H amp Ortiz J A (2010) Network Hopes Municipalities Deploying Wireless internet to Increase Civic Engagement Social Science Computer Review 28 (1) 93-117 httpsscsagepubcomcgicontentabstract28193
Uitermark J amp Duyvendak J W (2008) Citizen participation in a mediated age neighbourhood governance in The Netherlands International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 32 (1) 114-134 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext119403656PDFSTART
Images Library polling station by makelessnoise on Flickr
Public library computer by sillygwailo on Flickr
Global village communications by Combined Media on Flickr
Scales of Justice by Citizensheep on Flickr
Fox News by FastFashn on Flickr
All images creative commons attribution licensed
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Citizenship Information
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- PowerPoint Presentation
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
Democratic Engagement ldquoindividual and collective actions designed to identify and address
issues of public concernrdquo (Tapia amp Ortiz 2010)
ldquoindividual and collection involvement in public affairsrdquo (Norris 2001 in Tapia amp Ortiz 2010)
Synonyms
political participation citizen participation citizen involvement popular participation public involvement citizen engagement Indicators of Democratic Engagement
(Canadian Index of Wellbeing 2010)
Democratic Political Civic Engagement
Voting in elections Signing petitions Donating money to campaigning
organisations Taking part in a protest or
demonstration Joining a campaigning organisation Joining a political party Donating money to a political party
Democratic Deficit
Democratic deficit in UK (Demos 2008) and worldwide (Hill
2009 Print 2007)
Democratic engagement low and in decline (Hansard
Society 2009 Demos 2008 Coleman 2005)
2010 general election turnout 651 of the eligible voter
population
Importance of Engagement Address democratic deficit
Democratic engagement and participation fundamental to successful
democratic societies (Uitermark amp Duyvendak 2008)
People more likely to discuss with peer groups and others
Increased hetereogeneity
Increased understanding of others points of view
More realistic view of politics ndash disenchantment less likely (Hay 2003)
Digital By Default
ldquoSimplifying the user experience of digital public services by making all of governmentrsquos transactional services available through Directgovrdquo (Cabinet Office)
Citizens Advice Bureau warns against ldquopremature withdrawal of non-digital channelsrdquo (Citizens Advice Bureau 2011)
Risk of ldquodissuading those who are not computer literate from being tax compliantrdquo House of Commonsrsquo Treasury Sub-Committee 2011 in Citizens Advice Bureau 2011)
Citizenship InformationType A (First-Principle Justiciable)
1 Electoral information
2 Legal (statutory) information
3 Etc (essential health information)
Type B (Second-Principle Justiciable)1 Domestic political news 2 Foreign political news 3 STM information (scientific technical medical)4 Etc
Type C (Nonjusticiable) 1 Soft news 2 Entertainment 3 Etc
(Steele 1998 in Duff 2011)
Political Information-Seeking
40 of Internet users have looked for political news and information on the Web (Cornfield amp Rainie 2003)
Using internet because newspapers and television not sufficient
Finding out where and
when to vote
Contributing money to a candidate
Taking part in political
conversations
Finding out about a
candidates voting history
Online Engagement
70 of respondents agree that the internet makes it easier for them to participate in civic and political activities
49 agree that they would generally prefer to use the internet to participate in civic and political activitiesHansard Society (2010)
Benefits of Online Engagement Increased access to information and discussion fora
More convenient
Privacy ()
Exposure to political difference
People better able to explain reasons for political opinions People have increased tolerance understanding of othersrsquo views People have better idea of distribution of public opinion ndash sense
of legitimacy for democratic outcomes
(Duff 2011)
Benefits of Online Discussion
Anonymity testing out new identities (Borgida amp Stark 2004)
Discussion aids construction of self community culture (Turkle 1997)
Greater willingness to express less socially desirable opinions (Evans et al 2003)
Political discussion results in better informed decisions changed positions (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Increased social trust and community participation (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Problems With Online Engagement Risk of selective exposure ldquoTrue democracy thrives when people seek
out new information and ideas rather than information that only
bolsters their current beliefs and attitudesrdquo (Sunstein 2001 in
Borgida amp Stark 2004)
However little evidence that people are using the Internet to
actively seek or avoid political difference (Brundidge 2010)
People with high levels of knowledgeengagement more likely to
participate (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Online vs Offline
Just a ldquonew way of doing old thingsrdquo (Tyler 2002)
Does the internet defy what we know about real life
psychological amp social structures (Brundige 2010)
Political psychology doesnt alter between onlineoffline
ldquoAn inclusive information society essentially is a society where
everyone has the information that they need digital or otherwiserdquo
(Duff 2011)
Political Discussion Network Heterogeneity
Geographical Space
Communicative Space
ldquoPoliticalrdquo Space
Private Public Space
Brundidge (2010)
Information Literacy Information-seeking competence as a sociopolitical skill
Critically scrutinizing questions
Who produces what print and electronic publications and for whom
Which institutions corporations and individuals are supporting publishing in terms of financial and political support
Who takes part in the process of information decontextualization relocation and recontextualization
(Pawley 2003)
Information-Seeking Behaviour How do people look for information
about political issues
What forms does the information take
Newspapers Television Radio Blog posts forums Discussion with peers Formal education (citizenship)
Barriers to Access Digital divide(s) (Barzilai-Nahon 2006 in Duff 2011 Sunstein 2001)
Library closures and funding cuts
Library policy ndash unwillingness to get involved in political issues
Information poverty
Information literacy
Age disability health medical conditions lack of skills or not being
able to afford access (Citizens Advice Bureau 2011)
Social inequalities may be magnified (Jensen et al 2007)
Rawls-Tawney Theorem Reinforcement of public library systems Reversal of attrition in the status and conditions of
reference librarians More generously funded
information and media literacy programs in schools at all levels
New models of news-information institutions
(Duff 2011)
Public Libraries ldquoPurveyors of factrdquo (Museums Libraries amp
Archives Council 2010) Physical and electronic information resources
Providing access to the internet
Providing a neutral space for online and offline political discussion with diverse groups
Encouraging serendipitous discovery
Encouraging tolerance of different views
ldquoLibrary as democratic hothouserdquo(Madsen 2009)
Democracy Hubs Community democracy hubs (Power Inquiry 2010)
Public library as community commons
Citizens learn how to ldquofind evaluate and use the information essential for making decisions that affect the way we live learn work and govern ourselvesrdquo (Kranich 2001)
ldquoI helped a person who can barely read register to vote Without me they couldnt have participated in our democracy I hold sessions for people to give their views on local amp national government consultations because libraries are one of the few places that hold copies of physical documents and also have computers to submit an online response The library is a meeting space for the local walking group and Neighbourhood Forum meetings as well as out of hours computer training Its also the venue for our local councillor drop in service as well as our PCSOs and MPrdquo (Librarian commenting on Guardian website 2010)
References Andersen J (2006) ldquoThe public sphere and discursive activities information literacy as
sociopolitical skillsrdquo Journal of Documentation 62(2) 213-228
Borgida E amp Stark E (2004) ldquoNew media and politics some insights from social and political psychologyrdquo American Behavioral Scientist 48 (4) 467-478 httpproxylibstrathacukloginurl=httpsearchproquestcomdocview57120252accountid=14116
Brundidge J (2010) ldquoEncountering ldquoDifferencerdquo in the Contemporary Public Sphere The Contribution of the Internet to the Heterogeneity of Political Discussion Networksrdquo Journal of Communication 60 (4) 680-700
Cabinet Office (2010) The Coalition our programme for government London Crown Copyright httpwwwcabinetofficegovukmedia409088pfg_coalitionpdf
Canadian Index of Wellbeing (2010) Indicators of Democratic Engagement Toronto Canadian Index of Wellbeing httpwwwciwcaenTheCanadianIndexOfWellbeingDomainsOfWellbeingDemocraticEngagementaspx
Coleman S (2005) ldquoe-Democracy whats the big ideardquo Manchester British Council httpwwwbritishcouncilorgbc-edemocracy-2doc
Demos (2008) Democratising Engagementrdquo London Demos httpwwwdemoscoukfilesDemocratising_Engagement-webpdf
Duff A (2011) ldquoThe Rawls-Tawney Theorem and the Digital Divide in Postindustrial Societyrdquo Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 62 (3) 604-612
Hansard Society (2009) Audit of Political Engagement 6 Political Engagement Indicators London Hansard Society httpwwwhansardsocietyorgukfilesfolders1755downloadaspx
Hill C (2009) ldquoInside outside amp onlinerdquo American Libraries 40 (3) 38-42
Institute for Citizenship (2012) ldquoWhat is Citizenshiprdquo httpcitizenorgukWhat_is_Citizenshiphtm
Jensen M Danziger JN amp Venkatesh A (2007) ldquoCivil society and cyber society the role of the internet in community associations and democratic politicsrdquo The Information Society 23 39-50
Madsen MC (2009) The library as democratic hothouse Scandinavian Public Library Quarterly 42 (1) 10-11
Moy P amp Gastil J (2006) ldquoPredicting deliberative conversation the impact of discussion networks media use and political cognitionrdquo Political Communication 23 443-460
Museums Libraries and Archives Council (2008) Generic Social Outcomes httpinspiringlearningforallgovuktoolstemplatesgenericsocial
Print M (2007) Citizenship education and youth participation in democracy British Journal of Educational Studies 55 (3) 325-345 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext118492668PDFSTART
Sunstein C (2001) republiccom Princeton NJ Princeton University Press
Tapia A H amp Ortiz J A (2010) Network Hopes Municipalities Deploying Wireless internet to Increase Civic Engagement Social Science Computer Review 28 (1) 93-117 httpsscsagepubcomcgicontentabstract28193
Uitermark J amp Duyvendak J W (2008) Citizen participation in a mediated age neighbourhood governance in The Netherlands International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 32 (1) 114-134 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext119403656PDFSTART
Images Library polling station by makelessnoise on Flickr
Public library computer by sillygwailo on Flickr
Global village communications by Combined Media on Flickr
Scales of Justice by Citizensheep on Flickr
Fox News by FastFashn on Flickr
All images creative commons attribution licensed
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Citizenship Information
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- PowerPoint Presentation
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
Democratic Political Civic Engagement
Voting in elections Signing petitions Donating money to campaigning
organisations Taking part in a protest or
demonstration Joining a campaigning organisation Joining a political party Donating money to a political party
Democratic Deficit
Democratic deficit in UK (Demos 2008) and worldwide (Hill
2009 Print 2007)
Democratic engagement low and in decline (Hansard
Society 2009 Demos 2008 Coleman 2005)
2010 general election turnout 651 of the eligible voter
population
Importance of Engagement Address democratic deficit
Democratic engagement and participation fundamental to successful
democratic societies (Uitermark amp Duyvendak 2008)
People more likely to discuss with peer groups and others
Increased hetereogeneity
Increased understanding of others points of view
More realistic view of politics ndash disenchantment less likely (Hay 2003)
Digital By Default
ldquoSimplifying the user experience of digital public services by making all of governmentrsquos transactional services available through Directgovrdquo (Cabinet Office)
Citizens Advice Bureau warns against ldquopremature withdrawal of non-digital channelsrdquo (Citizens Advice Bureau 2011)
Risk of ldquodissuading those who are not computer literate from being tax compliantrdquo House of Commonsrsquo Treasury Sub-Committee 2011 in Citizens Advice Bureau 2011)
Citizenship InformationType A (First-Principle Justiciable)
1 Electoral information
2 Legal (statutory) information
3 Etc (essential health information)
Type B (Second-Principle Justiciable)1 Domestic political news 2 Foreign political news 3 STM information (scientific technical medical)4 Etc
Type C (Nonjusticiable) 1 Soft news 2 Entertainment 3 Etc
(Steele 1998 in Duff 2011)
Political Information-Seeking
40 of Internet users have looked for political news and information on the Web (Cornfield amp Rainie 2003)
Using internet because newspapers and television not sufficient
Finding out where and
when to vote
Contributing money to a candidate
Taking part in political
conversations
Finding out about a
candidates voting history
Online Engagement
70 of respondents agree that the internet makes it easier for them to participate in civic and political activities
49 agree that they would generally prefer to use the internet to participate in civic and political activitiesHansard Society (2010)
Benefits of Online Engagement Increased access to information and discussion fora
More convenient
Privacy ()
Exposure to political difference
People better able to explain reasons for political opinions People have increased tolerance understanding of othersrsquo views People have better idea of distribution of public opinion ndash sense
of legitimacy for democratic outcomes
(Duff 2011)
Benefits of Online Discussion
Anonymity testing out new identities (Borgida amp Stark 2004)
Discussion aids construction of self community culture (Turkle 1997)
Greater willingness to express less socially desirable opinions (Evans et al 2003)
Political discussion results in better informed decisions changed positions (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Increased social trust and community participation (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Problems With Online Engagement Risk of selective exposure ldquoTrue democracy thrives when people seek
out new information and ideas rather than information that only
bolsters their current beliefs and attitudesrdquo (Sunstein 2001 in
Borgida amp Stark 2004)
However little evidence that people are using the Internet to
actively seek or avoid political difference (Brundidge 2010)
People with high levels of knowledgeengagement more likely to
participate (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Online vs Offline
Just a ldquonew way of doing old thingsrdquo (Tyler 2002)
Does the internet defy what we know about real life
psychological amp social structures (Brundige 2010)
Political psychology doesnt alter between onlineoffline
ldquoAn inclusive information society essentially is a society where
everyone has the information that they need digital or otherwiserdquo
(Duff 2011)
Political Discussion Network Heterogeneity
Geographical Space
Communicative Space
ldquoPoliticalrdquo Space
Private Public Space
Brundidge (2010)
Information Literacy Information-seeking competence as a sociopolitical skill
Critically scrutinizing questions
Who produces what print and electronic publications and for whom
Which institutions corporations and individuals are supporting publishing in terms of financial and political support
Who takes part in the process of information decontextualization relocation and recontextualization
(Pawley 2003)
Information-Seeking Behaviour How do people look for information
about political issues
What forms does the information take
Newspapers Television Radio Blog posts forums Discussion with peers Formal education (citizenship)
Barriers to Access Digital divide(s) (Barzilai-Nahon 2006 in Duff 2011 Sunstein 2001)
Library closures and funding cuts
Library policy ndash unwillingness to get involved in political issues
Information poverty
Information literacy
Age disability health medical conditions lack of skills or not being
able to afford access (Citizens Advice Bureau 2011)
Social inequalities may be magnified (Jensen et al 2007)
Rawls-Tawney Theorem Reinforcement of public library systems Reversal of attrition in the status and conditions of
reference librarians More generously funded
information and media literacy programs in schools at all levels
New models of news-information institutions
(Duff 2011)
Public Libraries ldquoPurveyors of factrdquo (Museums Libraries amp
Archives Council 2010) Physical and electronic information resources
Providing access to the internet
Providing a neutral space for online and offline political discussion with diverse groups
Encouraging serendipitous discovery
Encouraging tolerance of different views
ldquoLibrary as democratic hothouserdquo(Madsen 2009)
Democracy Hubs Community democracy hubs (Power Inquiry 2010)
Public library as community commons
Citizens learn how to ldquofind evaluate and use the information essential for making decisions that affect the way we live learn work and govern ourselvesrdquo (Kranich 2001)
ldquoI helped a person who can barely read register to vote Without me they couldnt have participated in our democracy I hold sessions for people to give their views on local amp national government consultations because libraries are one of the few places that hold copies of physical documents and also have computers to submit an online response The library is a meeting space for the local walking group and Neighbourhood Forum meetings as well as out of hours computer training Its also the venue for our local councillor drop in service as well as our PCSOs and MPrdquo (Librarian commenting on Guardian website 2010)
References Andersen J (2006) ldquoThe public sphere and discursive activities information literacy as
sociopolitical skillsrdquo Journal of Documentation 62(2) 213-228
Borgida E amp Stark E (2004) ldquoNew media and politics some insights from social and political psychologyrdquo American Behavioral Scientist 48 (4) 467-478 httpproxylibstrathacukloginurl=httpsearchproquestcomdocview57120252accountid=14116
Brundidge J (2010) ldquoEncountering ldquoDifferencerdquo in the Contemporary Public Sphere The Contribution of the Internet to the Heterogeneity of Political Discussion Networksrdquo Journal of Communication 60 (4) 680-700
Cabinet Office (2010) The Coalition our programme for government London Crown Copyright httpwwwcabinetofficegovukmedia409088pfg_coalitionpdf
Canadian Index of Wellbeing (2010) Indicators of Democratic Engagement Toronto Canadian Index of Wellbeing httpwwwciwcaenTheCanadianIndexOfWellbeingDomainsOfWellbeingDemocraticEngagementaspx
Coleman S (2005) ldquoe-Democracy whats the big ideardquo Manchester British Council httpwwwbritishcouncilorgbc-edemocracy-2doc
Demos (2008) Democratising Engagementrdquo London Demos httpwwwdemoscoukfilesDemocratising_Engagement-webpdf
Duff A (2011) ldquoThe Rawls-Tawney Theorem and the Digital Divide in Postindustrial Societyrdquo Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 62 (3) 604-612
Hansard Society (2009) Audit of Political Engagement 6 Political Engagement Indicators London Hansard Society httpwwwhansardsocietyorgukfilesfolders1755downloadaspx
Hill C (2009) ldquoInside outside amp onlinerdquo American Libraries 40 (3) 38-42
Institute for Citizenship (2012) ldquoWhat is Citizenshiprdquo httpcitizenorgukWhat_is_Citizenshiphtm
Jensen M Danziger JN amp Venkatesh A (2007) ldquoCivil society and cyber society the role of the internet in community associations and democratic politicsrdquo The Information Society 23 39-50
Madsen MC (2009) The library as democratic hothouse Scandinavian Public Library Quarterly 42 (1) 10-11
Moy P amp Gastil J (2006) ldquoPredicting deliberative conversation the impact of discussion networks media use and political cognitionrdquo Political Communication 23 443-460
Museums Libraries and Archives Council (2008) Generic Social Outcomes httpinspiringlearningforallgovuktoolstemplatesgenericsocial
Print M (2007) Citizenship education and youth participation in democracy British Journal of Educational Studies 55 (3) 325-345 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext118492668PDFSTART
Sunstein C (2001) republiccom Princeton NJ Princeton University Press
Tapia A H amp Ortiz J A (2010) Network Hopes Municipalities Deploying Wireless internet to Increase Civic Engagement Social Science Computer Review 28 (1) 93-117 httpsscsagepubcomcgicontentabstract28193
Uitermark J amp Duyvendak J W (2008) Citizen participation in a mediated age neighbourhood governance in The Netherlands International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 32 (1) 114-134 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext119403656PDFSTART
Images Library polling station by makelessnoise on Flickr
Public library computer by sillygwailo on Flickr
Global village communications by Combined Media on Flickr
Scales of Justice by Citizensheep on Flickr
Fox News by FastFashn on Flickr
All images creative commons attribution licensed
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Citizenship Information
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- PowerPoint Presentation
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
Democratic Deficit
Democratic deficit in UK (Demos 2008) and worldwide (Hill
2009 Print 2007)
Democratic engagement low and in decline (Hansard
Society 2009 Demos 2008 Coleman 2005)
2010 general election turnout 651 of the eligible voter
population
Importance of Engagement Address democratic deficit
Democratic engagement and participation fundamental to successful
democratic societies (Uitermark amp Duyvendak 2008)
People more likely to discuss with peer groups and others
Increased hetereogeneity
Increased understanding of others points of view
More realistic view of politics ndash disenchantment less likely (Hay 2003)
Digital By Default
ldquoSimplifying the user experience of digital public services by making all of governmentrsquos transactional services available through Directgovrdquo (Cabinet Office)
Citizens Advice Bureau warns against ldquopremature withdrawal of non-digital channelsrdquo (Citizens Advice Bureau 2011)
Risk of ldquodissuading those who are not computer literate from being tax compliantrdquo House of Commonsrsquo Treasury Sub-Committee 2011 in Citizens Advice Bureau 2011)
Citizenship InformationType A (First-Principle Justiciable)
1 Electoral information
2 Legal (statutory) information
3 Etc (essential health information)
Type B (Second-Principle Justiciable)1 Domestic political news 2 Foreign political news 3 STM information (scientific technical medical)4 Etc
Type C (Nonjusticiable) 1 Soft news 2 Entertainment 3 Etc
(Steele 1998 in Duff 2011)
Political Information-Seeking
40 of Internet users have looked for political news and information on the Web (Cornfield amp Rainie 2003)
Using internet because newspapers and television not sufficient
Finding out where and
when to vote
Contributing money to a candidate
Taking part in political
conversations
Finding out about a
candidates voting history
Online Engagement
70 of respondents agree that the internet makes it easier for them to participate in civic and political activities
49 agree that they would generally prefer to use the internet to participate in civic and political activitiesHansard Society (2010)
Benefits of Online Engagement Increased access to information and discussion fora
More convenient
Privacy ()
Exposure to political difference
People better able to explain reasons for political opinions People have increased tolerance understanding of othersrsquo views People have better idea of distribution of public opinion ndash sense
of legitimacy for democratic outcomes
(Duff 2011)
Benefits of Online Discussion
Anonymity testing out new identities (Borgida amp Stark 2004)
Discussion aids construction of self community culture (Turkle 1997)
Greater willingness to express less socially desirable opinions (Evans et al 2003)
Political discussion results in better informed decisions changed positions (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Increased social trust and community participation (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Problems With Online Engagement Risk of selective exposure ldquoTrue democracy thrives when people seek
out new information and ideas rather than information that only
bolsters their current beliefs and attitudesrdquo (Sunstein 2001 in
Borgida amp Stark 2004)
However little evidence that people are using the Internet to
actively seek or avoid political difference (Brundidge 2010)
People with high levels of knowledgeengagement more likely to
participate (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Online vs Offline
Just a ldquonew way of doing old thingsrdquo (Tyler 2002)
Does the internet defy what we know about real life
psychological amp social structures (Brundige 2010)
Political psychology doesnt alter between onlineoffline
ldquoAn inclusive information society essentially is a society where
everyone has the information that they need digital or otherwiserdquo
(Duff 2011)
Political Discussion Network Heterogeneity
Geographical Space
Communicative Space
ldquoPoliticalrdquo Space
Private Public Space
Brundidge (2010)
Information Literacy Information-seeking competence as a sociopolitical skill
Critically scrutinizing questions
Who produces what print and electronic publications and for whom
Which institutions corporations and individuals are supporting publishing in terms of financial and political support
Who takes part in the process of information decontextualization relocation and recontextualization
(Pawley 2003)
Information-Seeking Behaviour How do people look for information
about political issues
What forms does the information take
Newspapers Television Radio Blog posts forums Discussion with peers Formal education (citizenship)
Barriers to Access Digital divide(s) (Barzilai-Nahon 2006 in Duff 2011 Sunstein 2001)
Library closures and funding cuts
Library policy ndash unwillingness to get involved in political issues
Information poverty
Information literacy
Age disability health medical conditions lack of skills or not being
able to afford access (Citizens Advice Bureau 2011)
Social inequalities may be magnified (Jensen et al 2007)
Rawls-Tawney Theorem Reinforcement of public library systems Reversal of attrition in the status and conditions of
reference librarians More generously funded
information and media literacy programs in schools at all levels
New models of news-information institutions
(Duff 2011)
Public Libraries ldquoPurveyors of factrdquo (Museums Libraries amp
Archives Council 2010) Physical and electronic information resources
Providing access to the internet
Providing a neutral space for online and offline political discussion with diverse groups
Encouraging serendipitous discovery
Encouraging tolerance of different views
ldquoLibrary as democratic hothouserdquo(Madsen 2009)
Democracy Hubs Community democracy hubs (Power Inquiry 2010)
Public library as community commons
Citizens learn how to ldquofind evaluate and use the information essential for making decisions that affect the way we live learn work and govern ourselvesrdquo (Kranich 2001)
ldquoI helped a person who can barely read register to vote Without me they couldnt have participated in our democracy I hold sessions for people to give their views on local amp national government consultations because libraries are one of the few places that hold copies of physical documents and also have computers to submit an online response The library is a meeting space for the local walking group and Neighbourhood Forum meetings as well as out of hours computer training Its also the venue for our local councillor drop in service as well as our PCSOs and MPrdquo (Librarian commenting on Guardian website 2010)
References Andersen J (2006) ldquoThe public sphere and discursive activities information literacy as
sociopolitical skillsrdquo Journal of Documentation 62(2) 213-228
Borgida E amp Stark E (2004) ldquoNew media and politics some insights from social and political psychologyrdquo American Behavioral Scientist 48 (4) 467-478 httpproxylibstrathacukloginurl=httpsearchproquestcomdocview57120252accountid=14116
Brundidge J (2010) ldquoEncountering ldquoDifferencerdquo in the Contemporary Public Sphere The Contribution of the Internet to the Heterogeneity of Political Discussion Networksrdquo Journal of Communication 60 (4) 680-700
Cabinet Office (2010) The Coalition our programme for government London Crown Copyright httpwwwcabinetofficegovukmedia409088pfg_coalitionpdf
Canadian Index of Wellbeing (2010) Indicators of Democratic Engagement Toronto Canadian Index of Wellbeing httpwwwciwcaenTheCanadianIndexOfWellbeingDomainsOfWellbeingDemocraticEngagementaspx
Coleman S (2005) ldquoe-Democracy whats the big ideardquo Manchester British Council httpwwwbritishcouncilorgbc-edemocracy-2doc
Demos (2008) Democratising Engagementrdquo London Demos httpwwwdemoscoukfilesDemocratising_Engagement-webpdf
Duff A (2011) ldquoThe Rawls-Tawney Theorem and the Digital Divide in Postindustrial Societyrdquo Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 62 (3) 604-612
Hansard Society (2009) Audit of Political Engagement 6 Political Engagement Indicators London Hansard Society httpwwwhansardsocietyorgukfilesfolders1755downloadaspx
Hill C (2009) ldquoInside outside amp onlinerdquo American Libraries 40 (3) 38-42
Institute for Citizenship (2012) ldquoWhat is Citizenshiprdquo httpcitizenorgukWhat_is_Citizenshiphtm
Jensen M Danziger JN amp Venkatesh A (2007) ldquoCivil society and cyber society the role of the internet in community associations and democratic politicsrdquo The Information Society 23 39-50
Madsen MC (2009) The library as democratic hothouse Scandinavian Public Library Quarterly 42 (1) 10-11
Moy P amp Gastil J (2006) ldquoPredicting deliberative conversation the impact of discussion networks media use and political cognitionrdquo Political Communication 23 443-460
Museums Libraries and Archives Council (2008) Generic Social Outcomes httpinspiringlearningforallgovuktoolstemplatesgenericsocial
Print M (2007) Citizenship education and youth participation in democracy British Journal of Educational Studies 55 (3) 325-345 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext118492668PDFSTART
Sunstein C (2001) republiccom Princeton NJ Princeton University Press
Tapia A H amp Ortiz J A (2010) Network Hopes Municipalities Deploying Wireless internet to Increase Civic Engagement Social Science Computer Review 28 (1) 93-117 httpsscsagepubcomcgicontentabstract28193
Uitermark J amp Duyvendak J W (2008) Citizen participation in a mediated age neighbourhood governance in The Netherlands International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 32 (1) 114-134 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext119403656PDFSTART
Images Library polling station by makelessnoise on Flickr
Public library computer by sillygwailo on Flickr
Global village communications by Combined Media on Flickr
Scales of Justice by Citizensheep on Flickr
Fox News by FastFashn on Flickr
All images creative commons attribution licensed
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Citizenship Information
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- PowerPoint Presentation
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
Importance of Engagement Address democratic deficit
Democratic engagement and participation fundamental to successful
democratic societies (Uitermark amp Duyvendak 2008)
People more likely to discuss with peer groups and others
Increased hetereogeneity
Increased understanding of others points of view
More realistic view of politics ndash disenchantment less likely (Hay 2003)
Digital By Default
ldquoSimplifying the user experience of digital public services by making all of governmentrsquos transactional services available through Directgovrdquo (Cabinet Office)
Citizens Advice Bureau warns against ldquopremature withdrawal of non-digital channelsrdquo (Citizens Advice Bureau 2011)
Risk of ldquodissuading those who are not computer literate from being tax compliantrdquo House of Commonsrsquo Treasury Sub-Committee 2011 in Citizens Advice Bureau 2011)
Citizenship InformationType A (First-Principle Justiciable)
1 Electoral information
2 Legal (statutory) information
3 Etc (essential health information)
Type B (Second-Principle Justiciable)1 Domestic political news 2 Foreign political news 3 STM information (scientific technical medical)4 Etc
Type C (Nonjusticiable) 1 Soft news 2 Entertainment 3 Etc
(Steele 1998 in Duff 2011)
Political Information-Seeking
40 of Internet users have looked for political news and information on the Web (Cornfield amp Rainie 2003)
Using internet because newspapers and television not sufficient
Finding out where and
when to vote
Contributing money to a candidate
Taking part in political
conversations
Finding out about a
candidates voting history
Online Engagement
70 of respondents agree that the internet makes it easier for them to participate in civic and political activities
49 agree that they would generally prefer to use the internet to participate in civic and political activitiesHansard Society (2010)
Benefits of Online Engagement Increased access to information and discussion fora
More convenient
Privacy ()
Exposure to political difference
People better able to explain reasons for political opinions People have increased tolerance understanding of othersrsquo views People have better idea of distribution of public opinion ndash sense
of legitimacy for democratic outcomes
(Duff 2011)
Benefits of Online Discussion
Anonymity testing out new identities (Borgida amp Stark 2004)
Discussion aids construction of self community culture (Turkle 1997)
Greater willingness to express less socially desirable opinions (Evans et al 2003)
Political discussion results in better informed decisions changed positions (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Increased social trust and community participation (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Problems With Online Engagement Risk of selective exposure ldquoTrue democracy thrives when people seek
out new information and ideas rather than information that only
bolsters their current beliefs and attitudesrdquo (Sunstein 2001 in
Borgida amp Stark 2004)
However little evidence that people are using the Internet to
actively seek or avoid political difference (Brundidge 2010)
People with high levels of knowledgeengagement more likely to
participate (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Online vs Offline
Just a ldquonew way of doing old thingsrdquo (Tyler 2002)
Does the internet defy what we know about real life
psychological amp social structures (Brundige 2010)
Political psychology doesnt alter between onlineoffline
ldquoAn inclusive information society essentially is a society where
everyone has the information that they need digital or otherwiserdquo
(Duff 2011)
Political Discussion Network Heterogeneity
Geographical Space
Communicative Space
ldquoPoliticalrdquo Space
Private Public Space
Brundidge (2010)
Information Literacy Information-seeking competence as a sociopolitical skill
Critically scrutinizing questions
Who produces what print and electronic publications and for whom
Which institutions corporations and individuals are supporting publishing in terms of financial and political support
Who takes part in the process of information decontextualization relocation and recontextualization
(Pawley 2003)
Information-Seeking Behaviour How do people look for information
about political issues
What forms does the information take
Newspapers Television Radio Blog posts forums Discussion with peers Formal education (citizenship)
Barriers to Access Digital divide(s) (Barzilai-Nahon 2006 in Duff 2011 Sunstein 2001)
Library closures and funding cuts
Library policy ndash unwillingness to get involved in political issues
Information poverty
Information literacy
Age disability health medical conditions lack of skills or not being
able to afford access (Citizens Advice Bureau 2011)
Social inequalities may be magnified (Jensen et al 2007)
Rawls-Tawney Theorem Reinforcement of public library systems Reversal of attrition in the status and conditions of
reference librarians More generously funded
information and media literacy programs in schools at all levels
New models of news-information institutions
(Duff 2011)
Public Libraries ldquoPurveyors of factrdquo (Museums Libraries amp
Archives Council 2010) Physical and electronic information resources
Providing access to the internet
Providing a neutral space for online and offline political discussion with diverse groups
Encouraging serendipitous discovery
Encouraging tolerance of different views
ldquoLibrary as democratic hothouserdquo(Madsen 2009)
Democracy Hubs Community democracy hubs (Power Inquiry 2010)
Public library as community commons
Citizens learn how to ldquofind evaluate and use the information essential for making decisions that affect the way we live learn work and govern ourselvesrdquo (Kranich 2001)
ldquoI helped a person who can barely read register to vote Without me they couldnt have participated in our democracy I hold sessions for people to give their views on local amp national government consultations because libraries are one of the few places that hold copies of physical documents and also have computers to submit an online response The library is a meeting space for the local walking group and Neighbourhood Forum meetings as well as out of hours computer training Its also the venue for our local councillor drop in service as well as our PCSOs and MPrdquo (Librarian commenting on Guardian website 2010)
References Andersen J (2006) ldquoThe public sphere and discursive activities information literacy as
sociopolitical skillsrdquo Journal of Documentation 62(2) 213-228
Borgida E amp Stark E (2004) ldquoNew media and politics some insights from social and political psychologyrdquo American Behavioral Scientist 48 (4) 467-478 httpproxylibstrathacukloginurl=httpsearchproquestcomdocview57120252accountid=14116
Brundidge J (2010) ldquoEncountering ldquoDifferencerdquo in the Contemporary Public Sphere The Contribution of the Internet to the Heterogeneity of Political Discussion Networksrdquo Journal of Communication 60 (4) 680-700
Cabinet Office (2010) The Coalition our programme for government London Crown Copyright httpwwwcabinetofficegovukmedia409088pfg_coalitionpdf
Canadian Index of Wellbeing (2010) Indicators of Democratic Engagement Toronto Canadian Index of Wellbeing httpwwwciwcaenTheCanadianIndexOfWellbeingDomainsOfWellbeingDemocraticEngagementaspx
Coleman S (2005) ldquoe-Democracy whats the big ideardquo Manchester British Council httpwwwbritishcouncilorgbc-edemocracy-2doc
Demos (2008) Democratising Engagementrdquo London Demos httpwwwdemoscoukfilesDemocratising_Engagement-webpdf
Duff A (2011) ldquoThe Rawls-Tawney Theorem and the Digital Divide in Postindustrial Societyrdquo Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 62 (3) 604-612
Hansard Society (2009) Audit of Political Engagement 6 Political Engagement Indicators London Hansard Society httpwwwhansardsocietyorgukfilesfolders1755downloadaspx
Hill C (2009) ldquoInside outside amp onlinerdquo American Libraries 40 (3) 38-42
Institute for Citizenship (2012) ldquoWhat is Citizenshiprdquo httpcitizenorgukWhat_is_Citizenshiphtm
Jensen M Danziger JN amp Venkatesh A (2007) ldquoCivil society and cyber society the role of the internet in community associations and democratic politicsrdquo The Information Society 23 39-50
Madsen MC (2009) The library as democratic hothouse Scandinavian Public Library Quarterly 42 (1) 10-11
Moy P amp Gastil J (2006) ldquoPredicting deliberative conversation the impact of discussion networks media use and political cognitionrdquo Political Communication 23 443-460
Museums Libraries and Archives Council (2008) Generic Social Outcomes httpinspiringlearningforallgovuktoolstemplatesgenericsocial
Print M (2007) Citizenship education and youth participation in democracy British Journal of Educational Studies 55 (3) 325-345 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext118492668PDFSTART
Sunstein C (2001) republiccom Princeton NJ Princeton University Press
Tapia A H amp Ortiz J A (2010) Network Hopes Municipalities Deploying Wireless internet to Increase Civic Engagement Social Science Computer Review 28 (1) 93-117 httpsscsagepubcomcgicontentabstract28193
Uitermark J amp Duyvendak J W (2008) Citizen participation in a mediated age neighbourhood governance in The Netherlands International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 32 (1) 114-134 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext119403656PDFSTART
Images Library polling station by makelessnoise on Flickr
Public library computer by sillygwailo on Flickr
Global village communications by Combined Media on Flickr
Scales of Justice by Citizensheep on Flickr
Fox News by FastFashn on Flickr
All images creative commons attribution licensed
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Citizenship Information
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- PowerPoint Presentation
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
Digital By Default
ldquoSimplifying the user experience of digital public services by making all of governmentrsquos transactional services available through Directgovrdquo (Cabinet Office)
Citizens Advice Bureau warns against ldquopremature withdrawal of non-digital channelsrdquo (Citizens Advice Bureau 2011)
Risk of ldquodissuading those who are not computer literate from being tax compliantrdquo House of Commonsrsquo Treasury Sub-Committee 2011 in Citizens Advice Bureau 2011)
Citizenship InformationType A (First-Principle Justiciable)
1 Electoral information
2 Legal (statutory) information
3 Etc (essential health information)
Type B (Second-Principle Justiciable)1 Domestic political news 2 Foreign political news 3 STM information (scientific technical medical)4 Etc
Type C (Nonjusticiable) 1 Soft news 2 Entertainment 3 Etc
(Steele 1998 in Duff 2011)
Political Information-Seeking
40 of Internet users have looked for political news and information on the Web (Cornfield amp Rainie 2003)
Using internet because newspapers and television not sufficient
Finding out where and
when to vote
Contributing money to a candidate
Taking part in political
conversations
Finding out about a
candidates voting history
Online Engagement
70 of respondents agree that the internet makes it easier for them to participate in civic and political activities
49 agree that they would generally prefer to use the internet to participate in civic and political activitiesHansard Society (2010)
Benefits of Online Engagement Increased access to information and discussion fora
More convenient
Privacy ()
Exposure to political difference
People better able to explain reasons for political opinions People have increased tolerance understanding of othersrsquo views People have better idea of distribution of public opinion ndash sense
of legitimacy for democratic outcomes
(Duff 2011)
Benefits of Online Discussion
Anonymity testing out new identities (Borgida amp Stark 2004)
Discussion aids construction of self community culture (Turkle 1997)
Greater willingness to express less socially desirable opinions (Evans et al 2003)
Political discussion results in better informed decisions changed positions (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Increased social trust and community participation (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Problems With Online Engagement Risk of selective exposure ldquoTrue democracy thrives when people seek
out new information and ideas rather than information that only
bolsters their current beliefs and attitudesrdquo (Sunstein 2001 in
Borgida amp Stark 2004)
However little evidence that people are using the Internet to
actively seek or avoid political difference (Brundidge 2010)
People with high levels of knowledgeengagement more likely to
participate (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Online vs Offline
Just a ldquonew way of doing old thingsrdquo (Tyler 2002)
Does the internet defy what we know about real life
psychological amp social structures (Brundige 2010)
Political psychology doesnt alter between onlineoffline
ldquoAn inclusive information society essentially is a society where
everyone has the information that they need digital or otherwiserdquo
(Duff 2011)
Political Discussion Network Heterogeneity
Geographical Space
Communicative Space
ldquoPoliticalrdquo Space
Private Public Space
Brundidge (2010)
Information Literacy Information-seeking competence as a sociopolitical skill
Critically scrutinizing questions
Who produces what print and electronic publications and for whom
Which institutions corporations and individuals are supporting publishing in terms of financial and political support
Who takes part in the process of information decontextualization relocation and recontextualization
(Pawley 2003)
Information-Seeking Behaviour How do people look for information
about political issues
What forms does the information take
Newspapers Television Radio Blog posts forums Discussion with peers Formal education (citizenship)
Barriers to Access Digital divide(s) (Barzilai-Nahon 2006 in Duff 2011 Sunstein 2001)
Library closures and funding cuts
Library policy ndash unwillingness to get involved in political issues
Information poverty
Information literacy
Age disability health medical conditions lack of skills or not being
able to afford access (Citizens Advice Bureau 2011)
Social inequalities may be magnified (Jensen et al 2007)
Rawls-Tawney Theorem Reinforcement of public library systems Reversal of attrition in the status and conditions of
reference librarians More generously funded
information and media literacy programs in schools at all levels
New models of news-information institutions
(Duff 2011)
Public Libraries ldquoPurveyors of factrdquo (Museums Libraries amp
Archives Council 2010) Physical and electronic information resources
Providing access to the internet
Providing a neutral space for online and offline political discussion with diverse groups
Encouraging serendipitous discovery
Encouraging tolerance of different views
ldquoLibrary as democratic hothouserdquo(Madsen 2009)
Democracy Hubs Community democracy hubs (Power Inquiry 2010)
Public library as community commons
Citizens learn how to ldquofind evaluate and use the information essential for making decisions that affect the way we live learn work and govern ourselvesrdquo (Kranich 2001)
ldquoI helped a person who can barely read register to vote Without me they couldnt have participated in our democracy I hold sessions for people to give their views on local amp national government consultations because libraries are one of the few places that hold copies of physical documents and also have computers to submit an online response The library is a meeting space for the local walking group and Neighbourhood Forum meetings as well as out of hours computer training Its also the venue for our local councillor drop in service as well as our PCSOs and MPrdquo (Librarian commenting on Guardian website 2010)
References Andersen J (2006) ldquoThe public sphere and discursive activities information literacy as
sociopolitical skillsrdquo Journal of Documentation 62(2) 213-228
Borgida E amp Stark E (2004) ldquoNew media and politics some insights from social and political psychologyrdquo American Behavioral Scientist 48 (4) 467-478 httpproxylibstrathacukloginurl=httpsearchproquestcomdocview57120252accountid=14116
Brundidge J (2010) ldquoEncountering ldquoDifferencerdquo in the Contemporary Public Sphere The Contribution of the Internet to the Heterogeneity of Political Discussion Networksrdquo Journal of Communication 60 (4) 680-700
Cabinet Office (2010) The Coalition our programme for government London Crown Copyright httpwwwcabinetofficegovukmedia409088pfg_coalitionpdf
Canadian Index of Wellbeing (2010) Indicators of Democratic Engagement Toronto Canadian Index of Wellbeing httpwwwciwcaenTheCanadianIndexOfWellbeingDomainsOfWellbeingDemocraticEngagementaspx
Coleman S (2005) ldquoe-Democracy whats the big ideardquo Manchester British Council httpwwwbritishcouncilorgbc-edemocracy-2doc
Demos (2008) Democratising Engagementrdquo London Demos httpwwwdemoscoukfilesDemocratising_Engagement-webpdf
Duff A (2011) ldquoThe Rawls-Tawney Theorem and the Digital Divide in Postindustrial Societyrdquo Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 62 (3) 604-612
Hansard Society (2009) Audit of Political Engagement 6 Political Engagement Indicators London Hansard Society httpwwwhansardsocietyorgukfilesfolders1755downloadaspx
Hill C (2009) ldquoInside outside amp onlinerdquo American Libraries 40 (3) 38-42
Institute for Citizenship (2012) ldquoWhat is Citizenshiprdquo httpcitizenorgukWhat_is_Citizenshiphtm
Jensen M Danziger JN amp Venkatesh A (2007) ldquoCivil society and cyber society the role of the internet in community associations and democratic politicsrdquo The Information Society 23 39-50
Madsen MC (2009) The library as democratic hothouse Scandinavian Public Library Quarterly 42 (1) 10-11
Moy P amp Gastil J (2006) ldquoPredicting deliberative conversation the impact of discussion networks media use and political cognitionrdquo Political Communication 23 443-460
Museums Libraries and Archives Council (2008) Generic Social Outcomes httpinspiringlearningforallgovuktoolstemplatesgenericsocial
Print M (2007) Citizenship education and youth participation in democracy British Journal of Educational Studies 55 (3) 325-345 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext118492668PDFSTART
Sunstein C (2001) republiccom Princeton NJ Princeton University Press
Tapia A H amp Ortiz J A (2010) Network Hopes Municipalities Deploying Wireless internet to Increase Civic Engagement Social Science Computer Review 28 (1) 93-117 httpsscsagepubcomcgicontentabstract28193
Uitermark J amp Duyvendak J W (2008) Citizen participation in a mediated age neighbourhood governance in The Netherlands International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 32 (1) 114-134 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext119403656PDFSTART
Images Library polling station by makelessnoise on Flickr
Public library computer by sillygwailo on Flickr
Global village communications by Combined Media on Flickr
Scales of Justice by Citizensheep on Flickr
Fox News by FastFashn on Flickr
All images creative commons attribution licensed
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Citizenship Information
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- PowerPoint Presentation
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
Citizenship InformationType A (First-Principle Justiciable)
1 Electoral information
2 Legal (statutory) information
3 Etc (essential health information)
Type B (Second-Principle Justiciable)1 Domestic political news 2 Foreign political news 3 STM information (scientific technical medical)4 Etc
Type C (Nonjusticiable) 1 Soft news 2 Entertainment 3 Etc
(Steele 1998 in Duff 2011)
Political Information-Seeking
40 of Internet users have looked for political news and information on the Web (Cornfield amp Rainie 2003)
Using internet because newspapers and television not sufficient
Finding out where and
when to vote
Contributing money to a candidate
Taking part in political
conversations
Finding out about a
candidates voting history
Online Engagement
70 of respondents agree that the internet makes it easier for them to participate in civic and political activities
49 agree that they would generally prefer to use the internet to participate in civic and political activitiesHansard Society (2010)
Benefits of Online Engagement Increased access to information and discussion fora
More convenient
Privacy ()
Exposure to political difference
People better able to explain reasons for political opinions People have increased tolerance understanding of othersrsquo views People have better idea of distribution of public opinion ndash sense
of legitimacy for democratic outcomes
(Duff 2011)
Benefits of Online Discussion
Anonymity testing out new identities (Borgida amp Stark 2004)
Discussion aids construction of self community culture (Turkle 1997)
Greater willingness to express less socially desirable opinions (Evans et al 2003)
Political discussion results in better informed decisions changed positions (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Increased social trust and community participation (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Problems With Online Engagement Risk of selective exposure ldquoTrue democracy thrives when people seek
out new information and ideas rather than information that only
bolsters their current beliefs and attitudesrdquo (Sunstein 2001 in
Borgida amp Stark 2004)
However little evidence that people are using the Internet to
actively seek or avoid political difference (Brundidge 2010)
People with high levels of knowledgeengagement more likely to
participate (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Online vs Offline
Just a ldquonew way of doing old thingsrdquo (Tyler 2002)
Does the internet defy what we know about real life
psychological amp social structures (Brundige 2010)
Political psychology doesnt alter between onlineoffline
ldquoAn inclusive information society essentially is a society where
everyone has the information that they need digital or otherwiserdquo
(Duff 2011)
Political Discussion Network Heterogeneity
Geographical Space
Communicative Space
ldquoPoliticalrdquo Space
Private Public Space
Brundidge (2010)
Information Literacy Information-seeking competence as a sociopolitical skill
Critically scrutinizing questions
Who produces what print and electronic publications and for whom
Which institutions corporations and individuals are supporting publishing in terms of financial and political support
Who takes part in the process of information decontextualization relocation and recontextualization
(Pawley 2003)
Information-Seeking Behaviour How do people look for information
about political issues
What forms does the information take
Newspapers Television Radio Blog posts forums Discussion with peers Formal education (citizenship)
Barriers to Access Digital divide(s) (Barzilai-Nahon 2006 in Duff 2011 Sunstein 2001)
Library closures and funding cuts
Library policy ndash unwillingness to get involved in political issues
Information poverty
Information literacy
Age disability health medical conditions lack of skills or not being
able to afford access (Citizens Advice Bureau 2011)
Social inequalities may be magnified (Jensen et al 2007)
Rawls-Tawney Theorem Reinforcement of public library systems Reversal of attrition in the status and conditions of
reference librarians More generously funded
information and media literacy programs in schools at all levels
New models of news-information institutions
(Duff 2011)
Public Libraries ldquoPurveyors of factrdquo (Museums Libraries amp
Archives Council 2010) Physical and electronic information resources
Providing access to the internet
Providing a neutral space for online and offline political discussion with diverse groups
Encouraging serendipitous discovery
Encouraging tolerance of different views
ldquoLibrary as democratic hothouserdquo(Madsen 2009)
Democracy Hubs Community democracy hubs (Power Inquiry 2010)
Public library as community commons
Citizens learn how to ldquofind evaluate and use the information essential for making decisions that affect the way we live learn work and govern ourselvesrdquo (Kranich 2001)
ldquoI helped a person who can barely read register to vote Without me they couldnt have participated in our democracy I hold sessions for people to give their views on local amp national government consultations because libraries are one of the few places that hold copies of physical documents and also have computers to submit an online response The library is a meeting space for the local walking group and Neighbourhood Forum meetings as well as out of hours computer training Its also the venue for our local councillor drop in service as well as our PCSOs and MPrdquo (Librarian commenting on Guardian website 2010)
References Andersen J (2006) ldquoThe public sphere and discursive activities information literacy as
sociopolitical skillsrdquo Journal of Documentation 62(2) 213-228
Borgida E amp Stark E (2004) ldquoNew media and politics some insights from social and political psychologyrdquo American Behavioral Scientist 48 (4) 467-478 httpproxylibstrathacukloginurl=httpsearchproquestcomdocview57120252accountid=14116
Brundidge J (2010) ldquoEncountering ldquoDifferencerdquo in the Contemporary Public Sphere The Contribution of the Internet to the Heterogeneity of Political Discussion Networksrdquo Journal of Communication 60 (4) 680-700
Cabinet Office (2010) The Coalition our programme for government London Crown Copyright httpwwwcabinetofficegovukmedia409088pfg_coalitionpdf
Canadian Index of Wellbeing (2010) Indicators of Democratic Engagement Toronto Canadian Index of Wellbeing httpwwwciwcaenTheCanadianIndexOfWellbeingDomainsOfWellbeingDemocraticEngagementaspx
Coleman S (2005) ldquoe-Democracy whats the big ideardquo Manchester British Council httpwwwbritishcouncilorgbc-edemocracy-2doc
Demos (2008) Democratising Engagementrdquo London Demos httpwwwdemoscoukfilesDemocratising_Engagement-webpdf
Duff A (2011) ldquoThe Rawls-Tawney Theorem and the Digital Divide in Postindustrial Societyrdquo Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 62 (3) 604-612
Hansard Society (2009) Audit of Political Engagement 6 Political Engagement Indicators London Hansard Society httpwwwhansardsocietyorgukfilesfolders1755downloadaspx
Hill C (2009) ldquoInside outside amp onlinerdquo American Libraries 40 (3) 38-42
Institute for Citizenship (2012) ldquoWhat is Citizenshiprdquo httpcitizenorgukWhat_is_Citizenshiphtm
Jensen M Danziger JN amp Venkatesh A (2007) ldquoCivil society and cyber society the role of the internet in community associations and democratic politicsrdquo The Information Society 23 39-50
Madsen MC (2009) The library as democratic hothouse Scandinavian Public Library Quarterly 42 (1) 10-11
Moy P amp Gastil J (2006) ldquoPredicting deliberative conversation the impact of discussion networks media use and political cognitionrdquo Political Communication 23 443-460
Museums Libraries and Archives Council (2008) Generic Social Outcomes httpinspiringlearningforallgovuktoolstemplatesgenericsocial
Print M (2007) Citizenship education and youth participation in democracy British Journal of Educational Studies 55 (3) 325-345 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext118492668PDFSTART
Sunstein C (2001) republiccom Princeton NJ Princeton University Press
Tapia A H amp Ortiz J A (2010) Network Hopes Municipalities Deploying Wireless internet to Increase Civic Engagement Social Science Computer Review 28 (1) 93-117 httpsscsagepubcomcgicontentabstract28193
Uitermark J amp Duyvendak J W (2008) Citizen participation in a mediated age neighbourhood governance in The Netherlands International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 32 (1) 114-134 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext119403656PDFSTART
Images Library polling station by makelessnoise on Flickr
Public library computer by sillygwailo on Flickr
Global village communications by Combined Media on Flickr
Scales of Justice by Citizensheep on Flickr
Fox News by FastFashn on Flickr
All images creative commons attribution licensed
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Citizenship Information
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- PowerPoint Presentation
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
Political Information-Seeking
40 of Internet users have looked for political news and information on the Web (Cornfield amp Rainie 2003)
Using internet because newspapers and television not sufficient
Finding out where and
when to vote
Contributing money to a candidate
Taking part in political
conversations
Finding out about a
candidates voting history
Online Engagement
70 of respondents agree that the internet makes it easier for them to participate in civic and political activities
49 agree that they would generally prefer to use the internet to participate in civic and political activitiesHansard Society (2010)
Benefits of Online Engagement Increased access to information and discussion fora
More convenient
Privacy ()
Exposure to political difference
People better able to explain reasons for political opinions People have increased tolerance understanding of othersrsquo views People have better idea of distribution of public opinion ndash sense
of legitimacy for democratic outcomes
(Duff 2011)
Benefits of Online Discussion
Anonymity testing out new identities (Borgida amp Stark 2004)
Discussion aids construction of self community culture (Turkle 1997)
Greater willingness to express less socially desirable opinions (Evans et al 2003)
Political discussion results in better informed decisions changed positions (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Increased social trust and community participation (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Problems With Online Engagement Risk of selective exposure ldquoTrue democracy thrives when people seek
out new information and ideas rather than information that only
bolsters their current beliefs and attitudesrdquo (Sunstein 2001 in
Borgida amp Stark 2004)
However little evidence that people are using the Internet to
actively seek or avoid political difference (Brundidge 2010)
People with high levels of knowledgeengagement more likely to
participate (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Online vs Offline
Just a ldquonew way of doing old thingsrdquo (Tyler 2002)
Does the internet defy what we know about real life
psychological amp social structures (Brundige 2010)
Political psychology doesnt alter between onlineoffline
ldquoAn inclusive information society essentially is a society where
everyone has the information that they need digital or otherwiserdquo
(Duff 2011)
Political Discussion Network Heterogeneity
Geographical Space
Communicative Space
ldquoPoliticalrdquo Space
Private Public Space
Brundidge (2010)
Information Literacy Information-seeking competence as a sociopolitical skill
Critically scrutinizing questions
Who produces what print and electronic publications and for whom
Which institutions corporations and individuals are supporting publishing in terms of financial and political support
Who takes part in the process of information decontextualization relocation and recontextualization
(Pawley 2003)
Information-Seeking Behaviour How do people look for information
about political issues
What forms does the information take
Newspapers Television Radio Blog posts forums Discussion with peers Formal education (citizenship)
Barriers to Access Digital divide(s) (Barzilai-Nahon 2006 in Duff 2011 Sunstein 2001)
Library closures and funding cuts
Library policy ndash unwillingness to get involved in political issues
Information poverty
Information literacy
Age disability health medical conditions lack of skills or not being
able to afford access (Citizens Advice Bureau 2011)
Social inequalities may be magnified (Jensen et al 2007)
Rawls-Tawney Theorem Reinforcement of public library systems Reversal of attrition in the status and conditions of
reference librarians More generously funded
information and media literacy programs in schools at all levels
New models of news-information institutions
(Duff 2011)
Public Libraries ldquoPurveyors of factrdquo (Museums Libraries amp
Archives Council 2010) Physical and electronic information resources
Providing access to the internet
Providing a neutral space for online and offline political discussion with diverse groups
Encouraging serendipitous discovery
Encouraging tolerance of different views
ldquoLibrary as democratic hothouserdquo(Madsen 2009)
Democracy Hubs Community democracy hubs (Power Inquiry 2010)
Public library as community commons
Citizens learn how to ldquofind evaluate and use the information essential for making decisions that affect the way we live learn work and govern ourselvesrdquo (Kranich 2001)
ldquoI helped a person who can barely read register to vote Without me they couldnt have participated in our democracy I hold sessions for people to give their views on local amp national government consultations because libraries are one of the few places that hold copies of physical documents and also have computers to submit an online response The library is a meeting space for the local walking group and Neighbourhood Forum meetings as well as out of hours computer training Its also the venue for our local councillor drop in service as well as our PCSOs and MPrdquo (Librarian commenting on Guardian website 2010)
References Andersen J (2006) ldquoThe public sphere and discursive activities information literacy as
sociopolitical skillsrdquo Journal of Documentation 62(2) 213-228
Borgida E amp Stark E (2004) ldquoNew media and politics some insights from social and political psychologyrdquo American Behavioral Scientist 48 (4) 467-478 httpproxylibstrathacukloginurl=httpsearchproquestcomdocview57120252accountid=14116
Brundidge J (2010) ldquoEncountering ldquoDifferencerdquo in the Contemporary Public Sphere The Contribution of the Internet to the Heterogeneity of Political Discussion Networksrdquo Journal of Communication 60 (4) 680-700
Cabinet Office (2010) The Coalition our programme for government London Crown Copyright httpwwwcabinetofficegovukmedia409088pfg_coalitionpdf
Canadian Index of Wellbeing (2010) Indicators of Democratic Engagement Toronto Canadian Index of Wellbeing httpwwwciwcaenTheCanadianIndexOfWellbeingDomainsOfWellbeingDemocraticEngagementaspx
Coleman S (2005) ldquoe-Democracy whats the big ideardquo Manchester British Council httpwwwbritishcouncilorgbc-edemocracy-2doc
Demos (2008) Democratising Engagementrdquo London Demos httpwwwdemoscoukfilesDemocratising_Engagement-webpdf
Duff A (2011) ldquoThe Rawls-Tawney Theorem and the Digital Divide in Postindustrial Societyrdquo Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 62 (3) 604-612
Hansard Society (2009) Audit of Political Engagement 6 Political Engagement Indicators London Hansard Society httpwwwhansardsocietyorgukfilesfolders1755downloadaspx
Hill C (2009) ldquoInside outside amp onlinerdquo American Libraries 40 (3) 38-42
Institute for Citizenship (2012) ldquoWhat is Citizenshiprdquo httpcitizenorgukWhat_is_Citizenshiphtm
Jensen M Danziger JN amp Venkatesh A (2007) ldquoCivil society and cyber society the role of the internet in community associations and democratic politicsrdquo The Information Society 23 39-50
Madsen MC (2009) The library as democratic hothouse Scandinavian Public Library Quarterly 42 (1) 10-11
Moy P amp Gastil J (2006) ldquoPredicting deliberative conversation the impact of discussion networks media use and political cognitionrdquo Political Communication 23 443-460
Museums Libraries and Archives Council (2008) Generic Social Outcomes httpinspiringlearningforallgovuktoolstemplatesgenericsocial
Print M (2007) Citizenship education and youth participation in democracy British Journal of Educational Studies 55 (3) 325-345 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext118492668PDFSTART
Sunstein C (2001) republiccom Princeton NJ Princeton University Press
Tapia A H amp Ortiz J A (2010) Network Hopes Municipalities Deploying Wireless internet to Increase Civic Engagement Social Science Computer Review 28 (1) 93-117 httpsscsagepubcomcgicontentabstract28193
Uitermark J amp Duyvendak J W (2008) Citizen participation in a mediated age neighbourhood governance in The Netherlands International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 32 (1) 114-134 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext119403656PDFSTART
Images Library polling station by makelessnoise on Flickr
Public library computer by sillygwailo on Flickr
Global village communications by Combined Media on Flickr
Scales of Justice by Citizensheep on Flickr
Fox News by FastFashn on Flickr
All images creative commons attribution licensed
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Citizenship Information
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- PowerPoint Presentation
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
Online Engagement
70 of respondents agree that the internet makes it easier for them to participate in civic and political activities
49 agree that they would generally prefer to use the internet to participate in civic and political activitiesHansard Society (2010)
Benefits of Online Engagement Increased access to information and discussion fora
More convenient
Privacy ()
Exposure to political difference
People better able to explain reasons for political opinions People have increased tolerance understanding of othersrsquo views People have better idea of distribution of public opinion ndash sense
of legitimacy for democratic outcomes
(Duff 2011)
Benefits of Online Discussion
Anonymity testing out new identities (Borgida amp Stark 2004)
Discussion aids construction of self community culture (Turkle 1997)
Greater willingness to express less socially desirable opinions (Evans et al 2003)
Political discussion results in better informed decisions changed positions (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Increased social trust and community participation (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Problems With Online Engagement Risk of selective exposure ldquoTrue democracy thrives when people seek
out new information and ideas rather than information that only
bolsters their current beliefs and attitudesrdquo (Sunstein 2001 in
Borgida amp Stark 2004)
However little evidence that people are using the Internet to
actively seek or avoid political difference (Brundidge 2010)
People with high levels of knowledgeengagement more likely to
participate (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Online vs Offline
Just a ldquonew way of doing old thingsrdquo (Tyler 2002)
Does the internet defy what we know about real life
psychological amp social structures (Brundige 2010)
Political psychology doesnt alter between onlineoffline
ldquoAn inclusive information society essentially is a society where
everyone has the information that they need digital or otherwiserdquo
(Duff 2011)
Political Discussion Network Heterogeneity
Geographical Space
Communicative Space
ldquoPoliticalrdquo Space
Private Public Space
Brundidge (2010)
Information Literacy Information-seeking competence as a sociopolitical skill
Critically scrutinizing questions
Who produces what print and electronic publications and for whom
Which institutions corporations and individuals are supporting publishing in terms of financial and political support
Who takes part in the process of information decontextualization relocation and recontextualization
(Pawley 2003)
Information-Seeking Behaviour How do people look for information
about political issues
What forms does the information take
Newspapers Television Radio Blog posts forums Discussion with peers Formal education (citizenship)
Barriers to Access Digital divide(s) (Barzilai-Nahon 2006 in Duff 2011 Sunstein 2001)
Library closures and funding cuts
Library policy ndash unwillingness to get involved in political issues
Information poverty
Information literacy
Age disability health medical conditions lack of skills or not being
able to afford access (Citizens Advice Bureau 2011)
Social inequalities may be magnified (Jensen et al 2007)
Rawls-Tawney Theorem Reinforcement of public library systems Reversal of attrition in the status and conditions of
reference librarians More generously funded
information and media literacy programs in schools at all levels
New models of news-information institutions
(Duff 2011)
Public Libraries ldquoPurveyors of factrdquo (Museums Libraries amp
Archives Council 2010) Physical and electronic information resources
Providing access to the internet
Providing a neutral space for online and offline political discussion with diverse groups
Encouraging serendipitous discovery
Encouraging tolerance of different views
ldquoLibrary as democratic hothouserdquo(Madsen 2009)
Democracy Hubs Community democracy hubs (Power Inquiry 2010)
Public library as community commons
Citizens learn how to ldquofind evaluate and use the information essential for making decisions that affect the way we live learn work and govern ourselvesrdquo (Kranich 2001)
ldquoI helped a person who can barely read register to vote Without me they couldnt have participated in our democracy I hold sessions for people to give their views on local amp national government consultations because libraries are one of the few places that hold copies of physical documents and also have computers to submit an online response The library is a meeting space for the local walking group and Neighbourhood Forum meetings as well as out of hours computer training Its also the venue for our local councillor drop in service as well as our PCSOs and MPrdquo (Librarian commenting on Guardian website 2010)
References Andersen J (2006) ldquoThe public sphere and discursive activities information literacy as
sociopolitical skillsrdquo Journal of Documentation 62(2) 213-228
Borgida E amp Stark E (2004) ldquoNew media and politics some insights from social and political psychologyrdquo American Behavioral Scientist 48 (4) 467-478 httpproxylibstrathacukloginurl=httpsearchproquestcomdocview57120252accountid=14116
Brundidge J (2010) ldquoEncountering ldquoDifferencerdquo in the Contemporary Public Sphere The Contribution of the Internet to the Heterogeneity of Political Discussion Networksrdquo Journal of Communication 60 (4) 680-700
Cabinet Office (2010) The Coalition our programme for government London Crown Copyright httpwwwcabinetofficegovukmedia409088pfg_coalitionpdf
Canadian Index of Wellbeing (2010) Indicators of Democratic Engagement Toronto Canadian Index of Wellbeing httpwwwciwcaenTheCanadianIndexOfWellbeingDomainsOfWellbeingDemocraticEngagementaspx
Coleman S (2005) ldquoe-Democracy whats the big ideardquo Manchester British Council httpwwwbritishcouncilorgbc-edemocracy-2doc
Demos (2008) Democratising Engagementrdquo London Demos httpwwwdemoscoukfilesDemocratising_Engagement-webpdf
Duff A (2011) ldquoThe Rawls-Tawney Theorem and the Digital Divide in Postindustrial Societyrdquo Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 62 (3) 604-612
Hansard Society (2009) Audit of Political Engagement 6 Political Engagement Indicators London Hansard Society httpwwwhansardsocietyorgukfilesfolders1755downloadaspx
Hill C (2009) ldquoInside outside amp onlinerdquo American Libraries 40 (3) 38-42
Institute for Citizenship (2012) ldquoWhat is Citizenshiprdquo httpcitizenorgukWhat_is_Citizenshiphtm
Jensen M Danziger JN amp Venkatesh A (2007) ldquoCivil society and cyber society the role of the internet in community associations and democratic politicsrdquo The Information Society 23 39-50
Madsen MC (2009) The library as democratic hothouse Scandinavian Public Library Quarterly 42 (1) 10-11
Moy P amp Gastil J (2006) ldquoPredicting deliberative conversation the impact of discussion networks media use and political cognitionrdquo Political Communication 23 443-460
Museums Libraries and Archives Council (2008) Generic Social Outcomes httpinspiringlearningforallgovuktoolstemplatesgenericsocial
Print M (2007) Citizenship education and youth participation in democracy British Journal of Educational Studies 55 (3) 325-345 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext118492668PDFSTART
Sunstein C (2001) republiccom Princeton NJ Princeton University Press
Tapia A H amp Ortiz J A (2010) Network Hopes Municipalities Deploying Wireless internet to Increase Civic Engagement Social Science Computer Review 28 (1) 93-117 httpsscsagepubcomcgicontentabstract28193
Uitermark J amp Duyvendak J W (2008) Citizen participation in a mediated age neighbourhood governance in The Netherlands International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 32 (1) 114-134 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext119403656PDFSTART
Images Library polling station by makelessnoise on Flickr
Public library computer by sillygwailo on Flickr
Global village communications by Combined Media on Flickr
Scales of Justice by Citizensheep on Flickr
Fox News by FastFashn on Flickr
All images creative commons attribution licensed
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Citizenship Information
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- PowerPoint Presentation
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
Benefits of Online Engagement Increased access to information and discussion fora
More convenient
Privacy ()
Exposure to political difference
People better able to explain reasons for political opinions People have increased tolerance understanding of othersrsquo views People have better idea of distribution of public opinion ndash sense
of legitimacy for democratic outcomes
(Duff 2011)
Benefits of Online Discussion
Anonymity testing out new identities (Borgida amp Stark 2004)
Discussion aids construction of self community culture (Turkle 1997)
Greater willingness to express less socially desirable opinions (Evans et al 2003)
Political discussion results in better informed decisions changed positions (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Increased social trust and community participation (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Problems With Online Engagement Risk of selective exposure ldquoTrue democracy thrives when people seek
out new information and ideas rather than information that only
bolsters their current beliefs and attitudesrdquo (Sunstein 2001 in
Borgida amp Stark 2004)
However little evidence that people are using the Internet to
actively seek or avoid political difference (Brundidge 2010)
People with high levels of knowledgeengagement more likely to
participate (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Online vs Offline
Just a ldquonew way of doing old thingsrdquo (Tyler 2002)
Does the internet defy what we know about real life
psychological amp social structures (Brundige 2010)
Political psychology doesnt alter between onlineoffline
ldquoAn inclusive information society essentially is a society where
everyone has the information that they need digital or otherwiserdquo
(Duff 2011)
Political Discussion Network Heterogeneity
Geographical Space
Communicative Space
ldquoPoliticalrdquo Space
Private Public Space
Brundidge (2010)
Information Literacy Information-seeking competence as a sociopolitical skill
Critically scrutinizing questions
Who produces what print and electronic publications and for whom
Which institutions corporations and individuals are supporting publishing in terms of financial and political support
Who takes part in the process of information decontextualization relocation and recontextualization
(Pawley 2003)
Information-Seeking Behaviour How do people look for information
about political issues
What forms does the information take
Newspapers Television Radio Blog posts forums Discussion with peers Formal education (citizenship)
Barriers to Access Digital divide(s) (Barzilai-Nahon 2006 in Duff 2011 Sunstein 2001)
Library closures and funding cuts
Library policy ndash unwillingness to get involved in political issues
Information poverty
Information literacy
Age disability health medical conditions lack of skills or not being
able to afford access (Citizens Advice Bureau 2011)
Social inequalities may be magnified (Jensen et al 2007)
Rawls-Tawney Theorem Reinforcement of public library systems Reversal of attrition in the status and conditions of
reference librarians More generously funded
information and media literacy programs in schools at all levels
New models of news-information institutions
(Duff 2011)
Public Libraries ldquoPurveyors of factrdquo (Museums Libraries amp
Archives Council 2010) Physical and electronic information resources
Providing access to the internet
Providing a neutral space for online and offline political discussion with diverse groups
Encouraging serendipitous discovery
Encouraging tolerance of different views
ldquoLibrary as democratic hothouserdquo(Madsen 2009)
Democracy Hubs Community democracy hubs (Power Inquiry 2010)
Public library as community commons
Citizens learn how to ldquofind evaluate and use the information essential for making decisions that affect the way we live learn work and govern ourselvesrdquo (Kranich 2001)
ldquoI helped a person who can barely read register to vote Without me they couldnt have participated in our democracy I hold sessions for people to give their views on local amp national government consultations because libraries are one of the few places that hold copies of physical documents and also have computers to submit an online response The library is a meeting space for the local walking group and Neighbourhood Forum meetings as well as out of hours computer training Its also the venue for our local councillor drop in service as well as our PCSOs and MPrdquo (Librarian commenting on Guardian website 2010)
References Andersen J (2006) ldquoThe public sphere and discursive activities information literacy as
sociopolitical skillsrdquo Journal of Documentation 62(2) 213-228
Borgida E amp Stark E (2004) ldquoNew media and politics some insights from social and political psychologyrdquo American Behavioral Scientist 48 (4) 467-478 httpproxylibstrathacukloginurl=httpsearchproquestcomdocview57120252accountid=14116
Brundidge J (2010) ldquoEncountering ldquoDifferencerdquo in the Contemporary Public Sphere The Contribution of the Internet to the Heterogeneity of Political Discussion Networksrdquo Journal of Communication 60 (4) 680-700
Cabinet Office (2010) The Coalition our programme for government London Crown Copyright httpwwwcabinetofficegovukmedia409088pfg_coalitionpdf
Canadian Index of Wellbeing (2010) Indicators of Democratic Engagement Toronto Canadian Index of Wellbeing httpwwwciwcaenTheCanadianIndexOfWellbeingDomainsOfWellbeingDemocraticEngagementaspx
Coleman S (2005) ldquoe-Democracy whats the big ideardquo Manchester British Council httpwwwbritishcouncilorgbc-edemocracy-2doc
Demos (2008) Democratising Engagementrdquo London Demos httpwwwdemoscoukfilesDemocratising_Engagement-webpdf
Duff A (2011) ldquoThe Rawls-Tawney Theorem and the Digital Divide in Postindustrial Societyrdquo Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 62 (3) 604-612
Hansard Society (2009) Audit of Political Engagement 6 Political Engagement Indicators London Hansard Society httpwwwhansardsocietyorgukfilesfolders1755downloadaspx
Hill C (2009) ldquoInside outside amp onlinerdquo American Libraries 40 (3) 38-42
Institute for Citizenship (2012) ldquoWhat is Citizenshiprdquo httpcitizenorgukWhat_is_Citizenshiphtm
Jensen M Danziger JN amp Venkatesh A (2007) ldquoCivil society and cyber society the role of the internet in community associations and democratic politicsrdquo The Information Society 23 39-50
Madsen MC (2009) The library as democratic hothouse Scandinavian Public Library Quarterly 42 (1) 10-11
Moy P amp Gastil J (2006) ldquoPredicting deliberative conversation the impact of discussion networks media use and political cognitionrdquo Political Communication 23 443-460
Museums Libraries and Archives Council (2008) Generic Social Outcomes httpinspiringlearningforallgovuktoolstemplatesgenericsocial
Print M (2007) Citizenship education and youth participation in democracy British Journal of Educational Studies 55 (3) 325-345 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext118492668PDFSTART
Sunstein C (2001) republiccom Princeton NJ Princeton University Press
Tapia A H amp Ortiz J A (2010) Network Hopes Municipalities Deploying Wireless internet to Increase Civic Engagement Social Science Computer Review 28 (1) 93-117 httpsscsagepubcomcgicontentabstract28193
Uitermark J amp Duyvendak J W (2008) Citizen participation in a mediated age neighbourhood governance in The Netherlands International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 32 (1) 114-134 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext119403656PDFSTART
Images Library polling station by makelessnoise on Flickr
Public library computer by sillygwailo on Flickr
Global village communications by Combined Media on Flickr
Scales of Justice by Citizensheep on Flickr
Fox News by FastFashn on Flickr
All images creative commons attribution licensed
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Citizenship Information
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- PowerPoint Presentation
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
Benefits of Online Discussion
Anonymity testing out new identities (Borgida amp Stark 2004)
Discussion aids construction of self community culture (Turkle 1997)
Greater willingness to express less socially desirable opinions (Evans et al 2003)
Political discussion results in better informed decisions changed positions (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Increased social trust and community participation (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Problems With Online Engagement Risk of selective exposure ldquoTrue democracy thrives when people seek
out new information and ideas rather than information that only
bolsters their current beliefs and attitudesrdquo (Sunstein 2001 in
Borgida amp Stark 2004)
However little evidence that people are using the Internet to
actively seek or avoid political difference (Brundidge 2010)
People with high levels of knowledgeengagement more likely to
participate (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Online vs Offline
Just a ldquonew way of doing old thingsrdquo (Tyler 2002)
Does the internet defy what we know about real life
psychological amp social structures (Brundige 2010)
Political psychology doesnt alter between onlineoffline
ldquoAn inclusive information society essentially is a society where
everyone has the information that they need digital or otherwiserdquo
(Duff 2011)
Political Discussion Network Heterogeneity
Geographical Space
Communicative Space
ldquoPoliticalrdquo Space
Private Public Space
Brundidge (2010)
Information Literacy Information-seeking competence as a sociopolitical skill
Critically scrutinizing questions
Who produces what print and electronic publications and for whom
Which institutions corporations and individuals are supporting publishing in terms of financial and political support
Who takes part in the process of information decontextualization relocation and recontextualization
(Pawley 2003)
Information-Seeking Behaviour How do people look for information
about political issues
What forms does the information take
Newspapers Television Radio Blog posts forums Discussion with peers Formal education (citizenship)
Barriers to Access Digital divide(s) (Barzilai-Nahon 2006 in Duff 2011 Sunstein 2001)
Library closures and funding cuts
Library policy ndash unwillingness to get involved in political issues
Information poverty
Information literacy
Age disability health medical conditions lack of skills or not being
able to afford access (Citizens Advice Bureau 2011)
Social inequalities may be magnified (Jensen et al 2007)
Rawls-Tawney Theorem Reinforcement of public library systems Reversal of attrition in the status and conditions of
reference librarians More generously funded
information and media literacy programs in schools at all levels
New models of news-information institutions
(Duff 2011)
Public Libraries ldquoPurveyors of factrdquo (Museums Libraries amp
Archives Council 2010) Physical and electronic information resources
Providing access to the internet
Providing a neutral space for online and offline political discussion with diverse groups
Encouraging serendipitous discovery
Encouraging tolerance of different views
ldquoLibrary as democratic hothouserdquo(Madsen 2009)
Democracy Hubs Community democracy hubs (Power Inquiry 2010)
Public library as community commons
Citizens learn how to ldquofind evaluate and use the information essential for making decisions that affect the way we live learn work and govern ourselvesrdquo (Kranich 2001)
ldquoI helped a person who can barely read register to vote Without me they couldnt have participated in our democracy I hold sessions for people to give their views on local amp national government consultations because libraries are one of the few places that hold copies of physical documents and also have computers to submit an online response The library is a meeting space for the local walking group and Neighbourhood Forum meetings as well as out of hours computer training Its also the venue for our local councillor drop in service as well as our PCSOs and MPrdquo (Librarian commenting on Guardian website 2010)
References Andersen J (2006) ldquoThe public sphere and discursive activities information literacy as
sociopolitical skillsrdquo Journal of Documentation 62(2) 213-228
Borgida E amp Stark E (2004) ldquoNew media and politics some insights from social and political psychologyrdquo American Behavioral Scientist 48 (4) 467-478 httpproxylibstrathacukloginurl=httpsearchproquestcomdocview57120252accountid=14116
Brundidge J (2010) ldquoEncountering ldquoDifferencerdquo in the Contemporary Public Sphere The Contribution of the Internet to the Heterogeneity of Political Discussion Networksrdquo Journal of Communication 60 (4) 680-700
Cabinet Office (2010) The Coalition our programme for government London Crown Copyright httpwwwcabinetofficegovukmedia409088pfg_coalitionpdf
Canadian Index of Wellbeing (2010) Indicators of Democratic Engagement Toronto Canadian Index of Wellbeing httpwwwciwcaenTheCanadianIndexOfWellbeingDomainsOfWellbeingDemocraticEngagementaspx
Coleman S (2005) ldquoe-Democracy whats the big ideardquo Manchester British Council httpwwwbritishcouncilorgbc-edemocracy-2doc
Demos (2008) Democratising Engagementrdquo London Demos httpwwwdemoscoukfilesDemocratising_Engagement-webpdf
Duff A (2011) ldquoThe Rawls-Tawney Theorem and the Digital Divide in Postindustrial Societyrdquo Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 62 (3) 604-612
Hansard Society (2009) Audit of Political Engagement 6 Political Engagement Indicators London Hansard Society httpwwwhansardsocietyorgukfilesfolders1755downloadaspx
Hill C (2009) ldquoInside outside amp onlinerdquo American Libraries 40 (3) 38-42
Institute for Citizenship (2012) ldquoWhat is Citizenshiprdquo httpcitizenorgukWhat_is_Citizenshiphtm
Jensen M Danziger JN amp Venkatesh A (2007) ldquoCivil society and cyber society the role of the internet in community associations and democratic politicsrdquo The Information Society 23 39-50
Madsen MC (2009) The library as democratic hothouse Scandinavian Public Library Quarterly 42 (1) 10-11
Moy P amp Gastil J (2006) ldquoPredicting deliberative conversation the impact of discussion networks media use and political cognitionrdquo Political Communication 23 443-460
Museums Libraries and Archives Council (2008) Generic Social Outcomes httpinspiringlearningforallgovuktoolstemplatesgenericsocial
Print M (2007) Citizenship education and youth participation in democracy British Journal of Educational Studies 55 (3) 325-345 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext118492668PDFSTART
Sunstein C (2001) republiccom Princeton NJ Princeton University Press
Tapia A H amp Ortiz J A (2010) Network Hopes Municipalities Deploying Wireless internet to Increase Civic Engagement Social Science Computer Review 28 (1) 93-117 httpsscsagepubcomcgicontentabstract28193
Uitermark J amp Duyvendak J W (2008) Citizen participation in a mediated age neighbourhood governance in The Netherlands International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 32 (1) 114-134 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext119403656PDFSTART
Images Library polling station by makelessnoise on Flickr
Public library computer by sillygwailo on Flickr
Global village communications by Combined Media on Flickr
Scales of Justice by Citizensheep on Flickr
Fox News by FastFashn on Flickr
All images creative commons attribution licensed
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Citizenship Information
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- PowerPoint Presentation
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
Problems With Online Engagement Risk of selective exposure ldquoTrue democracy thrives when people seek
out new information and ideas rather than information that only
bolsters their current beliefs and attitudesrdquo (Sunstein 2001 in
Borgida amp Stark 2004)
However little evidence that people are using the Internet to
actively seek or avoid political difference (Brundidge 2010)
People with high levels of knowledgeengagement more likely to
participate (Price amp Cappella 2001)
Online vs Offline
Just a ldquonew way of doing old thingsrdquo (Tyler 2002)
Does the internet defy what we know about real life
psychological amp social structures (Brundige 2010)
Political psychology doesnt alter between onlineoffline
ldquoAn inclusive information society essentially is a society where
everyone has the information that they need digital or otherwiserdquo
(Duff 2011)
Political Discussion Network Heterogeneity
Geographical Space
Communicative Space
ldquoPoliticalrdquo Space
Private Public Space
Brundidge (2010)
Information Literacy Information-seeking competence as a sociopolitical skill
Critically scrutinizing questions
Who produces what print and electronic publications and for whom
Which institutions corporations and individuals are supporting publishing in terms of financial and political support
Who takes part in the process of information decontextualization relocation and recontextualization
(Pawley 2003)
Information-Seeking Behaviour How do people look for information
about political issues
What forms does the information take
Newspapers Television Radio Blog posts forums Discussion with peers Formal education (citizenship)
Barriers to Access Digital divide(s) (Barzilai-Nahon 2006 in Duff 2011 Sunstein 2001)
Library closures and funding cuts
Library policy ndash unwillingness to get involved in political issues
Information poverty
Information literacy
Age disability health medical conditions lack of skills or not being
able to afford access (Citizens Advice Bureau 2011)
Social inequalities may be magnified (Jensen et al 2007)
Rawls-Tawney Theorem Reinforcement of public library systems Reversal of attrition in the status and conditions of
reference librarians More generously funded
information and media literacy programs in schools at all levels
New models of news-information institutions
(Duff 2011)
Public Libraries ldquoPurveyors of factrdquo (Museums Libraries amp
Archives Council 2010) Physical and electronic information resources
Providing access to the internet
Providing a neutral space for online and offline political discussion with diverse groups
Encouraging serendipitous discovery
Encouraging tolerance of different views
ldquoLibrary as democratic hothouserdquo(Madsen 2009)
Democracy Hubs Community democracy hubs (Power Inquiry 2010)
Public library as community commons
Citizens learn how to ldquofind evaluate and use the information essential for making decisions that affect the way we live learn work and govern ourselvesrdquo (Kranich 2001)
ldquoI helped a person who can barely read register to vote Without me they couldnt have participated in our democracy I hold sessions for people to give their views on local amp national government consultations because libraries are one of the few places that hold copies of physical documents and also have computers to submit an online response The library is a meeting space for the local walking group and Neighbourhood Forum meetings as well as out of hours computer training Its also the venue for our local councillor drop in service as well as our PCSOs and MPrdquo (Librarian commenting on Guardian website 2010)
References Andersen J (2006) ldquoThe public sphere and discursive activities information literacy as
sociopolitical skillsrdquo Journal of Documentation 62(2) 213-228
Borgida E amp Stark E (2004) ldquoNew media and politics some insights from social and political psychologyrdquo American Behavioral Scientist 48 (4) 467-478 httpproxylibstrathacukloginurl=httpsearchproquestcomdocview57120252accountid=14116
Brundidge J (2010) ldquoEncountering ldquoDifferencerdquo in the Contemporary Public Sphere The Contribution of the Internet to the Heterogeneity of Political Discussion Networksrdquo Journal of Communication 60 (4) 680-700
Cabinet Office (2010) The Coalition our programme for government London Crown Copyright httpwwwcabinetofficegovukmedia409088pfg_coalitionpdf
Canadian Index of Wellbeing (2010) Indicators of Democratic Engagement Toronto Canadian Index of Wellbeing httpwwwciwcaenTheCanadianIndexOfWellbeingDomainsOfWellbeingDemocraticEngagementaspx
Coleman S (2005) ldquoe-Democracy whats the big ideardquo Manchester British Council httpwwwbritishcouncilorgbc-edemocracy-2doc
Demos (2008) Democratising Engagementrdquo London Demos httpwwwdemoscoukfilesDemocratising_Engagement-webpdf
Duff A (2011) ldquoThe Rawls-Tawney Theorem and the Digital Divide in Postindustrial Societyrdquo Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 62 (3) 604-612
Hansard Society (2009) Audit of Political Engagement 6 Political Engagement Indicators London Hansard Society httpwwwhansardsocietyorgukfilesfolders1755downloadaspx
Hill C (2009) ldquoInside outside amp onlinerdquo American Libraries 40 (3) 38-42
Institute for Citizenship (2012) ldquoWhat is Citizenshiprdquo httpcitizenorgukWhat_is_Citizenshiphtm
Jensen M Danziger JN amp Venkatesh A (2007) ldquoCivil society and cyber society the role of the internet in community associations and democratic politicsrdquo The Information Society 23 39-50
Madsen MC (2009) The library as democratic hothouse Scandinavian Public Library Quarterly 42 (1) 10-11
Moy P amp Gastil J (2006) ldquoPredicting deliberative conversation the impact of discussion networks media use and political cognitionrdquo Political Communication 23 443-460
Museums Libraries and Archives Council (2008) Generic Social Outcomes httpinspiringlearningforallgovuktoolstemplatesgenericsocial
Print M (2007) Citizenship education and youth participation in democracy British Journal of Educational Studies 55 (3) 325-345 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext118492668PDFSTART
Sunstein C (2001) republiccom Princeton NJ Princeton University Press
Tapia A H amp Ortiz J A (2010) Network Hopes Municipalities Deploying Wireless internet to Increase Civic Engagement Social Science Computer Review 28 (1) 93-117 httpsscsagepubcomcgicontentabstract28193
Uitermark J amp Duyvendak J W (2008) Citizen participation in a mediated age neighbourhood governance in The Netherlands International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 32 (1) 114-134 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext119403656PDFSTART
Images Library polling station by makelessnoise on Flickr
Public library computer by sillygwailo on Flickr
Global village communications by Combined Media on Flickr
Scales of Justice by Citizensheep on Flickr
Fox News by FastFashn on Flickr
All images creative commons attribution licensed
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Citizenship Information
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- PowerPoint Presentation
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
Online vs Offline
Just a ldquonew way of doing old thingsrdquo (Tyler 2002)
Does the internet defy what we know about real life
psychological amp social structures (Brundige 2010)
Political psychology doesnt alter between onlineoffline
ldquoAn inclusive information society essentially is a society where
everyone has the information that they need digital or otherwiserdquo
(Duff 2011)
Political Discussion Network Heterogeneity
Geographical Space
Communicative Space
ldquoPoliticalrdquo Space
Private Public Space
Brundidge (2010)
Information Literacy Information-seeking competence as a sociopolitical skill
Critically scrutinizing questions
Who produces what print and electronic publications and for whom
Which institutions corporations and individuals are supporting publishing in terms of financial and political support
Who takes part in the process of information decontextualization relocation and recontextualization
(Pawley 2003)
Information-Seeking Behaviour How do people look for information
about political issues
What forms does the information take
Newspapers Television Radio Blog posts forums Discussion with peers Formal education (citizenship)
Barriers to Access Digital divide(s) (Barzilai-Nahon 2006 in Duff 2011 Sunstein 2001)
Library closures and funding cuts
Library policy ndash unwillingness to get involved in political issues
Information poverty
Information literacy
Age disability health medical conditions lack of skills or not being
able to afford access (Citizens Advice Bureau 2011)
Social inequalities may be magnified (Jensen et al 2007)
Rawls-Tawney Theorem Reinforcement of public library systems Reversal of attrition in the status and conditions of
reference librarians More generously funded
information and media literacy programs in schools at all levels
New models of news-information institutions
(Duff 2011)
Public Libraries ldquoPurveyors of factrdquo (Museums Libraries amp
Archives Council 2010) Physical and electronic information resources
Providing access to the internet
Providing a neutral space for online and offline political discussion with diverse groups
Encouraging serendipitous discovery
Encouraging tolerance of different views
ldquoLibrary as democratic hothouserdquo(Madsen 2009)
Democracy Hubs Community democracy hubs (Power Inquiry 2010)
Public library as community commons
Citizens learn how to ldquofind evaluate and use the information essential for making decisions that affect the way we live learn work and govern ourselvesrdquo (Kranich 2001)
ldquoI helped a person who can barely read register to vote Without me they couldnt have participated in our democracy I hold sessions for people to give their views on local amp national government consultations because libraries are one of the few places that hold copies of physical documents and also have computers to submit an online response The library is a meeting space for the local walking group and Neighbourhood Forum meetings as well as out of hours computer training Its also the venue for our local councillor drop in service as well as our PCSOs and MPrdquo (Librarian commenting on Guardian website 2010)
References Andersen J (2006) ldquoThe public sphere and discursive activities information literacy as
sociopolitical skillsrdquo Journal of Documentation 62(2) 213-228
Borgida E amp Stark E (2004) ldquoNew media and politics some insights from social and political psychologyrdquo American Behavioral Scientist 48 (4) 467-478 httpproxylibstrathacukloginurl=httpsearchproquestcomdocview57120252accountid=14116
Brundidge J (2010) ldquoEncountering ldquoDifferencerdquo in the Contemporary Public Sphere The Contribution of the Internet to the Heterogeneity of Political Discussion Networksrdquo Journal of Communication 60 (4) 680-700
Cabinet Office (2010) The Coalition our programme for government London Crown Copyright httpwwwcabinetofficegovukmedia409088pfg_coalitionpdf
Canadian Index of Wellbeing (2010) Indicators of Democratic Engagement Toronto Canadian Index of Wellbeing httpwwwciwcaenTheCanadianIndexOfWellbeingDomainsOfWellbeingDemocraticEngagementaspx
Coleman S (2005) ldquoe-Democracy whats the big ideardquo Manchester British Council httpwwwbritishcouncilorgbc-edemocracy-2doc
Demos (2008) Democratising Engagementrdquo London Demos httpwwwdemoscoukfilesDemocratising_Engagement-webpdf
Duff A (2011) ldquoThe Rawls-Tawney Theorem and the Digital Divide in Postindustrial Societyrdquo Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 62 (3) 604-612
Hansard Society (2009) Audit of Political Engagement 6 Political Engagement Indicators London Hansard Society httpwwwhansardsocietyorgukfilesfolders1755downloadaspx
Hill C (2009) ldquoInside outside amp onlinerdquo American Libraries 40 (3) 38-42
Institute for Citizenship (2012) ldquoWhat is Citizenshiprdquo httpcitizenorgukWhat_is_Citizenshiphtm
Jensen M Danziger JN amp Venkatesh A (2007) ldquoCivil society and cyber society the role of the internet in community associations and democratic politicsrdquo The Information Society 23 39-50
Madsen MC (2009) The library as democratic hothouse Scandinavian Public Library Quarterly 42 (1) 10-11
Moy P amp Gastil J (2006) ldquoPredicting deliberative conversation the impact of discussion networks media use and political cognitionrdquo Political Communication 23 443-460
Museums Libraries and Archives Council (2008) Generic Social Outcomes httpinspiringlearningforallgovuktoolstemplatesgenericsocial
Print M (2007) Citizenship education and youth participation in democracy British Journal of Educational Studies 55 (3) 325-345 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext118492668PDFSTART
Sunstein C (2001) republiccom Princeton NJ Princeton University Press
Tapia A H amp Ortiz J A (2010) Network Hopes Municipalities Deploying Wireless internet to Increase Civic Engagement Social Science Computer Review 28 (1) 93-117 httpsscsagepubcomcgicontentabstract28193
Uitermark J amp Duyvendak J W (2008) Citizen participation in a mediated age neighbourhood governance in The Netherlands International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 32 (1) 114-134 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext119403656PDFSTART
Images Library polling station by makelessnoise on Flickr
Public library computer by sillygwailo on Flickr
Global village communications by Combined Media on Flickr
Scales of Justice by Citizensheep on Flickr
Fox News by FastFashn on Flickr
All images creative commons attribution licensed
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Citizenship Information
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- PowerPoint Presentation
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
Political Discussion Network Heterogeneity
Geographical Space
Communicative Space
ldquoPoliticalrdquo Space
Private Public Space
Brundidge (2010)
Information Literacy Information-seeking competence as a sociopolitical skill
Critically scrutinizing questions
Who produces what print and electronic publications and for whom
Which institutions corporations and individuals are supporting publishing in terms of financial and political support
Who takes part in the process of information decontextualization relocation and recontextualization
(Pawley 2003)
Information-Seeking Behaviour How do people look for information
about political issues
What forms does the information take
Newspapers Television Radio Blog posts forums Discussion with peers Formal education (citizenship)
Barriers to Access Digital divide(s) (Barzilai-Nahon 2006 in Duff 2011 Sunstein 2001)
Library closures and funding cuts
Library policy ndash unwillingness to get involved in political issues
Information poverty
Information literacy
Age disability health medical conditions lack of skills or not being
able to afford access (Citizens Advice Bureau 2011)
Social inequalities may be magnified (Jensen et al 2007)
Rawls-Tawney Theorem Reinforcement of public library systems Reversal of attrition in the status and conditions of
reference librarians More generously funded
information and media literacy programs in schools at all levels
New models of news-information institutions
(Duff 2011)
Public Libraries ldquoPurveyors of factrdquo (Museums Libraries amp
Archives Council 2010) Physical and electronic information resources
Providing access to the internet
Providing a neutral space for online and offline political discussion with diverse groups
Encouraging serendipitous discovery
Encouraging tolerance of different views
ldquoLibrary as democratic hothouserdquo(Madsen 2009)
Democracy Hubs Community democracy hubs (Power Inquiry 2010)
Public library as community commons
Citizens learn how to ldquofind evaluate and use the information essential for making decisions that affect the way we live learn work and govern ourselvesrdquo (Kranich 2001)
ldquoI helped a person who can barely read register to vote Without me they couldnt have participated in our democracy I hold sessions for people to give their views on local amp national government consultations because libraries are one of the few places that hold copies of physical documents and also have computers to submit an online response The library is a meeting space for the local walking group and Neighbourhood Forum meetings as well as out of hours computer training Its also the venue for our local councillor drop in service as well as our PCSOs and MPrdquo (Librarian commenting on Guardian website 2010)
References Andersen J (2006) ldquoThe public sphere and discursive activities information literacy as
sociopolitical skillsrdquo Journal of Documentation 62(2) 213-228
Borgida E amp Stark E (2004) ldquoNew media and politics some insights from social and political psychologyrdquo American Behavioral Scientist 48 (4) 467-478 httpproxylibstrathacukloginurl=httpsearchproquestcomdocview57120252accountid=14116
Brundidge J (2010) ldquoEncountering ldquoDifferencerdquo in the Contemporary Public Sphere The Contribution of the Internet to the Heterogeneity of Political Discussion Networksrdquo Journal of Communication 60 (4) 680-700
Cabinet Office (2010) The Coalition our programme for government London Crown Copyright httpwwwcabinetofficegovukmedia409088pfg_coalitionpdf
Canadian Index of Wellbeing (2010) Indicators of Democratic Engagement Toronto Canadian Index of Wellbeing httpwwwciwcaenTheCanadianIndexOfWellbeingDomainsOfWellbeingDemocraticEngagementaspx
Coleman S (2005) ldquoe-Democracy whats the big ideardquo Manchester British Council httpwwwbritishcouncilorgbc-edemocracy-2doc
Demos (2008) Democratising Engagementrdquo London Demos httpwwwdemoscoukfilesDemocratising_Engagement-webpdf
Duff A (2011) ldquoThe Rawls-Tawney Theorem and the Digital Divide in Postindustrial Societyrdquo Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 62 (3) 604-612
Hansard Society (2009) Audit of Political Engagement 6 Political Engagement Indicators London Hansard Society httpwwwhansardsocietyorgukfilesfolders1755downloadaspx
Hill C (2009) ldquoInside outside amp onlinerdquo American Libraries 40 (3) 38-42
Institute for Citizenship (2012) ldquoWhat is Citizenshiprdquo httpcitizenorgukWhat_is_Citizenshiphtm
Jensen M Danziger JN amp Venkatesh A (2007) ldquoCivil society and cyber society the role of the internet in community associations and democratic politicsrdquo The Information Society 23 39-50
Madsen MC (2009) The library as democratic hothouse Scandinavian Public Library Quarterly 42 (1) 10-11
Moy P amp Gastil J (2006) ldquoPredicting deliberative conversation the impact of discussion networks media use and political cognitionrdquo Political Communication 23 443-460
Museums Libraries and Archives Council (2008) Generic Social Outcomes httpinspiringlearningforallgovuktoolstemplatesgenericsocial
Print M (2007) Citizenship education and youth participation in democracy British Journal of Educational Studies 55 (3) 325-345 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext118492668PDFSTART
Sunstein C (2001) republiccom Princeton NJ Princeton University Press
Tapia A H amp Ortiz J A (2010) Network Hopes Municipalities Deploying Wireless internet to Increase Civic Engagement Social Science Computer Review 28 (1) 93-117 httpsscsagepubcomcgicontentabstract28193
Uitermark J amp Duyvendak J W (2008) Citizen participation in a mediated age neighbourhood governance in The Netherlands International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 32 (1) 114-134 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext119403656PDFSTART
Images Library polling station by makelessnoise on Flickr
Public library computer by sillygwailo on Flickr
Global village communications by Combined Media on Flickr
Scales of Justice by Citizensheep on Flickr
Fox News by FastFashn on Flickr
All images creative commons attribution licensed
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Citizenship Information
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- PowerPoint Presentation
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
Information Literacy Information-seeking competence as a sociopolitical skill
Critically scrutinizing questions
Who produces what print and electronic publications and for whom
Which institutions corporations and individuals are supporting publishing in terms of financial and political support
Who takes part in the process of information decontextualization relocation and recontextualization
(Pawley 2003)
Information-Seeking Behaviour How do people look for information
about political issues
What forms does the information take
Newspapers Television Radio Blog posts forums Discussion with peers Formal education (citizenship)
Barriers to Access Digital divide(s) (Barzilai-Nahon 2006 in Duff 2011 Sunstein 2001)
Library closures and funding cuts
Library policy ndash unwillingness to get involved in political issues
Information poverty
Information literacy
Age disability health medical conditions lack of skills or not being
able to afford access (Citizens Advice Bureau 2011)
Social inequalities may be magnified (Jensen et al 2007)
Rawls-Tawney Theorem Reinforcement of public library systems Reversal of attrition in the status and conditions of
reference librarians More generously funded
information and media literacy programs in schools at all levels
New models of news-information institutions
(Duff 2011)
Public Libraries ldquoPurveyors of factrdquo (Museums Libraries amp
Archives Council 2010) Physical and electronic information resources
Providing access to the internet
Providing a neutral space for online and offline political discussion with diverse groups
Encouraging serendipitous discovery
Encouraging tolerance of different views
ldquoLibrary as democratic hothouserdquo(Madsen 2009)
Democracy Hubs Community democracy hubs (Power Inquiry 2010)
Public library as community commons
Citizens learn how to ldquofind evaluate and use the information essential for making decisions that affect the way we live learn work and govern ourselvesrdquo (Kranich 2001)
ldquoI helped a person who can barely read register to vote Without me they couldnt have participated in our democracy I hold sessions for people to give their views on local amp national government consultations because libraries are one of the few places that hold copies of physical documents and also have computers to submit an online response The library is a meeting space for the local walking group and Neighbourhood Forum meetings as well as out of hours computer training Its also the venue for our local councillor drop in service as well as our PCSOs and MPrdquo (Librarian commenting on Guardian website 2010)
References Andersen J (2006) ldquoThe public sphere and discursive activities information literacy as
sociopolitical skillsrdquo Journal of Documentation 62(2) 213-228
Borgida E amp Stark E (2004) ldquoNew media and politics some insights from social and political psychologyrdquo American Behavioral Scientist 48 (4) 467-478 httpproxylibstrathacukloginurl=httpsearchproquestcomdocview57120252accountid=14116
Brundidge J (2010) ldquoEncountering ldquoDifferencerdquo in the Contemporary Public Sphere The Contribution of the Internet to the Heterogeneity of Political Discussion Networksrdquo Journal of Communication 60 (4) 680-700
Cabinet Office (2010) The Coalition our programme for government London Crown Copyright httpwwwcabinetofficegovukmedia409088pfg_coalitionpdf
Canadian Index of Wellbeing (2010) Indicators of Democratic Engagement Toronto Canadian Index of Wellbeing httpwwwciwcaenTheCanadianIndexOfWellbeingDomainsOfWellbeingDemocraticEngagementaspx
Coleman S (2005) ldquoe-Democracy whats the big ideardquo Manchester British Council httpwwwbritishcouncilorgbc-edemocracy-2doc
Demos (2008) Democratising Engagementrdquo London Demos httpwwwdemoscoukfilesDemocratising_Engagement-webpdf
Duff A (2011) ldquoThe Rawls-Tawney Theorem and the Digital Divide in Postindustrial Societyrdquo Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 62 (3) 604-612
Hansard Society (2009) Audit of Political Engagement 6 Political Engagement Indicators London Hansard Society httpwwwhansardsocietyorgukfilesfolders1755downloadaspx
Hill C (2009) ldquoInside outside amp onlinerdquo American Libraries 40 (3) 38-42
Institute for Citizenship (2012) ldquoWhat is Citizenshiprdquo httpcitizenorgukWhat_is_Citizenshiphtm
Jensen M Danziger JN amp Venkatesh A (2007) ldquoCivil society and cyber society the role of the internet in community associations and democratic politicsrdquo The Information Society 23 39-50
Madsen MC (2009) The library as democratic hothouse Scandinavian Public Library Quarterly 42 (1) 10-11
Moy P amp Gastil J (2006) ldquoPredicting deliberative conversation the impact of discussion networks media use and political cognitionrdquo Political Communication 23 443-460
Museums Libraries and Archives Council (2008) Generic Social Outcomes httpinspiringlearningforallgovuktoolstemplatesgenericsocial
Print M (2007) Citizenship education and youth participation in democracy British Journal of Educational Studies 55 (3) 325-345 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext118492668PDFSTART
Sunstein C (2001) republiccom Princeton NJ Princeton University Press
Tapia A H amp Ortiz J A (2010) Network Hopes Municipalities Deploying Wireless internet to Increase Civic Engagement Social Science Computer Review 28 (1) 93-117 httpsscsagepubcomcgicontentabstract28193
Uitermark J amp Duyvendak J W (2008) Citizen participation in a mediated age neighbourhood governance in The Netherlands International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 32 (1) 114-134 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext119403656PDFSTART
Images Library polling station by makelessnoise on Flickr
Public library computer by sillygwailo on Flickr
Global village communications by Combined Media on Flickr
Scales of Justice by Citizensheep on Flickr
Fox News by FastFashn on Flickr
All images creative commons attribution licensed
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Citizenship Information
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- PowerPoint Presentation
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
Information-Seeking Behaviour How do people look for information
about political issues
What forms does the information take
Newspapers Television Radio Blog posts forums Discussion with peers Formal education (citizenship)
Barriers to Access Digital divide(s) (Barzilai-Nahon 2006 in Duff 2011 Sunstein 2001)
Library closures and funding cuts
Library policy ndash unwillingness to get involved in political issues
Information poverty
Information literacy
Age disability health medical conditions lack of skills or not being
able to afford access (Citizens Advice Bureau 2011)
Social inequalities may be magnified (Jensen et al 2007)
Rawls-Tawney Theorem Reinforcement of public library systems Reversal of attrition in the status and conditions of
reference librarians More generously funded
information and media literacy programs in schools at all levels
New models of news-information institutions
(Duff 2011)
Public Libraries ldquoPurveyors of factrdquo (Museums Libraries amp
Archives Council 2010) Physical and electronic information resources
Providing access to the internet
Providing a neutral space for online and offline political discussion with diverse groups
Encouraging serendipitous discovery
Encouraging tolerance of different views
ldquoLibrary as democratic hothouserdquo(Madsen 2009)
Democracy Hubs Community democracy hubs (Power Inquiry 2010)
Public library as community commons
Citizens learn how to ldquofind evaluate and use the information essential for making decisions that affect the way we live learn work and govern ourselvesrdquo (Kranich 2001)
ldquoI helped a person who can barely read register to vote Without me they couldnt have participated in our democracy I hold sessions for people to give their views on local amp national government consultations because libraries are one of the few places that hold copies of physical documents and also have computers to submit an online response The library is a meeting space for the local walking group and Neighbourhood Forum meetings as well as out of hours computer training Its also the venue for our local councillor drop in service as well as our PCSOs and MPrdquo (Librarian commenting on Guardian website 2010)
References Andersen J (2006) ldquoThe public sphere and discursive activities information literacy as
sociopolitical skillsrdquo Journal of Documentation 62(2) 213-228
Borgida E amp Stark E (2004) ldquoNew media and politics some insights from social and political psychologyrdquo American Behavioral Scientist 48 (4) 467-478 httpproxylibstrathacukloginurl=httpsearchproquestcomdocview57120252accountid=14116
Brundidge J (2010) ldquoEncountering ldquoDifferencerdquo in the Contemporary Public Sphere The Contribution of the Internet to the Heterogeneity of Political Discussion Networksrdquo Journal of Communication 60 (4) 680-700
Cabinet Office (2010) The Coalition our programme for government London Crown Copyright httpwwwcabinetofficegovukmedia409088pfg_coalitionpdf
Canadian Index of Wellbeing (2010) Indicators of Democratic Engagement Toronto Canadian Index of Wellbeing httpwwwciwcaenTheCanadianIndexOfWellbeingDomainsOfWellbeingDemocraticEngagementaspx
Coleman S (2005) ldquoe-Democracy whats the big ideardquo Manchester British Council httpwwwbritishcouncilorgbc-edemocracy-2doc
Demos (2008) Democratising Engagementrdquo London Demos httpwwwdemoscoukfilesDemocratising_Engagement-webpdf
Duff A (2011) ldquoThe Rawls-Tawney Theorem and the Digital Divide in Postindustrial Societyrdquo Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 62 (3) 604-612
Hansard Society (2009) Audit of Political Engagement 6 Political Engagement Indicators London Hansard Society httpwwwhansardsocietyorgukfilesfolders1755downloadaspx
Hill C (2009) ldquoInside outside amp onlinerdquo American Libraries 40 (3) 38-42
Institute for Citizenship (2012) ldquoWhat is Citizenshiprdquo httpcitizenorgukWhat_is_Citizenshiphtm
Jensen M Danziger JN amp Venkatesh A (2007) ldquoCivil society and cyber society the role of the internet in community associations and democratic politicsrdquo The Information Society 23 39-50
Madsen MC (2009) The library as democratic hothouse Scandinavian Public Library Quarterly 42 (1) 10-11
Moy P amp Gastil J (2006) ldquoPredicting deliberative conversation the impact of discussion networks media use and political cognitionrdquo Political Communication 23 443-460
Museums Libraries and Archives Council (2008) Generic Social Outcomes httpinspiringlearningforallgovuktoolstemplatesgenericsocial
Print M (2007) Citizenship education and youth participation in democracy British Journal of Educational Studies 55 (3) 325-345 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext118492668PDFSTART
Sunstein C (2001) republiccom Princeton NJ Princeton University Press
Tapia A H amp Ortiz J A (2010) Network Hopes Municipalities Deploying Wireless internet to Increase Civic Engagement Social Science Computer Review 28 (1) 93-117 httpsscsagepubcomcgicontentabstract28193
Uitermark J amp Duyvendak J W (2008) Citizen participation in a mediated age neighbourhood governance in The Netherlands International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 32 (1) 114-134 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext119403656PDFSTART
Images Library polling station by makelessnoise on Flickr
Public library computer by sillygwailo on Flickr
Global village communications by Combined Media on Flickr
Scales of Justice by Citizensheep on Flickr
Fox News by FastFashn on Flickr
All images creative commons attribution licensed
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Citizenship Information
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- PowerPoint Presentation
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
Barriers to Access Digital divide(s) (Barzilai-Nahon 2006 in Duff 2011 Sunstein 2001)
Library closures and funding cuts
Library policy ndash unwillingness to get involved in political issues
Information poverty
Information literacy
Age disability health medical conditions lack of skills or not being
able to afford access (Citizens Advice Bureau 2011)
Social inequalities may be magnified (Jensen et al 2007)
Rawls-Tawney Theorem Reinforcement of public library systems Reversal of attrition in the status and conditions of
reference librarians More generously funded
information and media literacy programs in schools at all levels
New models of news-information institutions
(Duff 2011)
Public Libraries ldquoPurveyors of factrdquo (Museums Libraries amp
Archives Council 2010) Physical and electronic information resources
Providing access to the internet
Providing a neutral space for online and offline political discussion with diverse groups
Encouraging serendipitous discovery
Encouraging tolerance of different views
ldquoLibrary as democratic hothouserdquo(Madsen 2009)
Democracy Hubs Community democracy hubs (Power Inquiry 2010)
Public library as community commons
Citizens learn how to ldquofind evaluate and use the information essential for making decisions that affect the way we live learn work and govern ourselvesrdquo (Kranich 2001)
ldquoI helped a person who can barely read register to vote Without me they couldnt have participated in our democracy I hold sessions for people to give their views on local amp national government consultations because libraries are one of the few places that hold copies of physical documents and also have computers to submit an online response The library is a meeting space for the local walking group and Neighbourhood Forum meetings as well as out of hours computer training Its also the venue for our local councillor drop in service as well as our PCSOs and MPrdquo (Librarian commenting on Guardian website 2010)
References Andersen J (2006) ldquoThe public sphere and discursive activities information literacy as
sociopolitical skillsrdquo Journal of Documentation 62(2) 213-228
Borgida E amp Stark E (2004) ldquoNew media and politics some insights from social and political psychologyrdquo American Behavioral Scientist 48 (4) 467-478 httpproxylibstrathacukloginurl=httpsearchproquestcomdocview57120252accountid=14116
Brundidge J (2010) ldquoEncountering ldquoDifferencerdquo in the Contemporary Public Sphere The Contribution of the Internet to the Heterogeneity of Political Discussion Networksrdquo Journal of Communication 60 (4) 680-700
Cabinet Office (2010) The Coalition our programme for government London Crown Copyright httpwwwcabinetofficegovukmedia409088pfg_coalitionpdf
Canadian Index of Wellbeing (2010) Indicators of Democratic Engagement Toronto Canadian Index of Wellbeing httpwwwciwcaenTheCanadianIndexOfWellbeingDomainsOfWellbeingDemocraticEngagementaspx
Coleman S (2005) ldquoe-Democracy whats the big ideardquo Manchester British Council httpwwwbritishcouncilorgbc-edemocracy-2doc
Demos (2008) Democratising Engagementrdquo London Demos httpwwwdemoscoukfilesDemocratising_Engagement-webpdf
Duff A (2011) ldquoThe Rawls-Tawney Theorem and the Digital Divide in Postindustrial Societyrdquo Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 62 (3) 604-612
Hansard Society (2009) Audit of Political Engagement 6 Political Engagement Indicators London Hansard Society httpwwwhansardsocietyorgukfilesfolders1755downloadaspx
Hill C (2009) ldquoInside outside amp onlinerdquo American Libraries 40 (3) 38-42
Institute for Citizenship (2012) ldquoWhat is Citizenshiprdquo httpcitizenorgukWhat_is_Citizenshiphtm
Jensen M Danziger JN amp Venkatesh A (2007) ldquoCivil society and cyber society the role of the internet in community associations and democratic politicsrdquo The Information Society 23 39-50
Madsen MC (2009) The library as democratic hothouse Scandinavian Public Library Quarterly 42 (1) 10-11
Moy P amp Gastil J (2006) ldquoPredicting deliberative conversation the impact of discussion networks media use and political cognitionrdquo Political Communication 23 443-460
Museums Libraries and Archives Council (2008) Generic Social Outcomes httpinspiringlearningforallgovuktoolstemplatesgenericsocial
Print M (2007) Citizenship education and youth participation in democracy British Journal of Educational Studies 55 (3) 325-345 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext118492668PDFSTART
Sunstein C (2001) republiccom Princeton NJ Princeton University Press
Tapia A H amp Ortiz J A (2010) Network Hopes Municipalities Deploying Wireless internet to Increase Civic Engagement Social Science Computer Review 28 (1) 93-117 httpsscsagepubcomcgicontentabstract28193
Uitermark J amp Duyvendak J W (2008) Citizen participation in a mediated age neighbourhood governance in The Netherlands International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 32 (1) 114-134 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext119403656PDFSTART
Images Library polling station by makelessnoise on Flickr
Public library computer by sillygwailo on Flickr
Global village communications by Combined Media on Flickr
Scales of Justice by Citizensheep on Flickr
Fox News by FastFashn on Flickr
All images creative commons attribution licensed
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Citizenship Information
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- PowerPoint Presentation
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
Rawls-Tawney Theorem Reinforcement of public library systems Reversal of attrition in the status and conditions of
reference librarians More generously funded
information and media literacy programs in schools at all levels
New models of news-information institutions
(Duff 2011)
Public Libraries ldquoPurveyors of factrdquo (Museums Libraries amp
Archives Council 2010) Physical and electronic information resources
Providing access to the internet
Providing a neutral space for online and offline political discussion with diverse groups
Encouraging serendipitous discovery
Encouraging tolerance of different views
ldquoLibrary as democratic hothouserdquo(Madsen 2009)
Democracy Hubs Community democracy hubs (Power Inquiry 2010)
Public library as community commons
Citizens learn how to ldquofind evaluate and use the information essential for making decisions that affect the way we live learn work and govern ourselvesrdquo (Kranich 2001)
ldquoI helped a person who can barely read register to vote Without me they couldnt have participated in our democracy I hold sessions for people to give their views on local amp national government consultations because libraries are one of the few places that hold copies of physical documents and also have computers to submit an online response The library is a meeting space for the local walking group and Neighbourhood Forum meetings as well as out of hours computer training Its also the venue for our local councillor drop in service as well as our PCSOs and MPrdquo (Librarian commenting on Guardian website 2010)
References Andersen J (2006) ldquoThe public sphere and discursive activities information literacy as
sociopolitical skillsrdquo Journal of Documentation 62(2) 213-228
Borgida E amp Stark E (2004) ldquoNew media and politics some insights from social and political psychologyrdquo American Behavioral Scientist 48 (4) 467-478 httpproxylibstrathacukloginurl=httpsearchproquestcomdocview57120252accountid=14116
Brundidge J (2010) ldquoEncountering ldquoDifferencerdquo in the Contemporary Public Sphere The Contribution of the Internet to the Heterogeneity of Political Discussion Networksrdquo Journal of Communication 60 (4) 680-700
Cabinet Office (2010) The Coalition our programme for government London Crown Copyright httpwwwcabinetofficegovukmedia409088pfg_coalitionpdf
Canadian Index of Wellbeing (2010) Indicators of Democratic Engagement Toronto Canadian Index of Wellbeing httpwwwciwcaenTheCanadianIndexOfWellbeingDomainsOfWellbeingDemocraticEngagementaspx
Coleman S (2005) ldquoe-Democracy whats the big ideardquo Manchester British Council httpwwwbritishcouncilorgbc-edemocracy-2doc
Demos (2008) Democratising Engagementrdquo London Demos httpwwwdemoscoukfilesDemocratising_Engagement-webpdf
Duff A (2011) ldquoThe Rawls-Tawney Theorem and the Digital Divide in Postindustrial Societyrdquo Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 62 (3) 604-612
Hansard Society (2009) Audit of Political Engagement 6 Political Engagement Indicators London Hansard Society httpwwwhansardsocietyorgukfilesfolders1755downloadaspx
Hill C (2009) ldquoInside outside amp onlinerdquo American Libraries 40 (3) 38-42
Institute for Citizenship (2012) ldquoWhat is Citizenshiprdquo httpcitizenorgukWhat_is_Citizenshiphtm
Jensen M Danziger JN amp Venkatesh A (2007) ldquoCivil society and cyber society the role of the internet in community associations and democratic politicsrdquo The Information Society 23 39-50
Madsen MC (2009) The library as democratic hothouse Scandinavian Public Library Quarterly 42 (1) 10-11
Moy P amp Gastil J (2006) ldquoPredicting deliberative conversation the impact of discussion networks media use and political cognitionrdquo Political Communication 23 443-460
Museums Libraries and Archives Council (2008) Generic Social Outcomes httpinspiringlearningforallgovuktoolstemplatesgenericsocial
Print M (2007) Citizenship education and youth participation in democracy British Journal of Educational Studies 55 (3) 325-345 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext118492668PDFSTART
Sunstein C (2001) republiccom Princeton NJ Princeton University Press
Tapia A H amp Ortiz J A (2010) Network Hopes Municipalities Deploying Wireless internet to Increase Civic Engagement Social Science Computer Review 28 (1) 93-117 httpsscsagepubcomcgicontentabstract28193
Uitermark J amp Duyvendak J W (2008) Citizen participation in a mediated age neighbourhood governance in The Netherlands International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 32 (1) 114-134 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext119403656PDFSTART
Images Library polling station by makelessnoise on Flickr
Public library computer by sillygwailo on Flickr
Global village communications by Combined Media on Flickr
Scales of Justice by Citizensheep on Flickr
Fox News by FastFashn on Flickr
All images creative commons attribution licensed
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Citizenship Information
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- PowerPoint Presentation
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
Public Libraries ldquoPurveyors of factrdquo (Museums Libraries amp
Archives Council 2010) Physical and electronic information resources
Providing access to the internet
Providing a neutral space for online and offline political discussion with diverse groups
Encouraging serendipitous discovery
Encouraging tolerance of different views
ldquoLibrary as democratic hothouserdquo(Madsen 2009)
Democracy Hubs Community democracy hubs (Power Inquiry 2010)
Public library as community commons
Citizens learn how to ldquofind evaluate and use the information essential for making decisions that affect the way we live learn work and govern ourselvesrdquo (Kranich 2001)
ldquoI helped a person who can barely read register to vote Without me they couldnt have participated in our democracy I hold sessions for people to give their views on local amp national government consultations because libraries are one of the few places that hold copies of physical documents and also have computers to submit an online response The library is a meeting space for the local walking group and Neighbourhood Forum meetings as well as out of hours computer training Its also the venue for our local councillor drop in service as well as our PCSOs and MPrdquo (Librarian commenting on Guardian website 2010)
References Andersen J (2006) ldquoThe public sphere and discursive activities information literacy as
sociopolitical skillsrdquo Journal of Documentation 62(2) 213-228
Borgida E amp Stark E (2004) ldquoNew media and politics some insights from social and political psychologyrdquo American Behavioral Scientist 48 (4) 467-478 httpproxylibstrathacukloginurl=httpsearchproquestcomdocview57120252accountid=14116
Brundidge J (2010) ldquoEncountering ldquoDifferencerdquo in the Contemporary Public Sphere The Contribution of the Internet to the Heterogeneity of Political Discussion Networksrdquo Journal of Communication 60 (4) 680-700
Cabinet Office (2010) The Coalition our programme for government London Crown Copyright httpwwwcabinetofficegovukmedia409088pfg_coalitionpdf
Canadian Index of Wellbeing (2010) Indicators of Democratic Engagement Toronto Canadian Index of Wellbeing httpwwwciwcaenTheCanadianIndexOfWellbeingDomainsOfWellbeingDemocraticEngagementaspx
Coleman S (2005) ldquoe-Democracy whats the big ideardquo Manchester British Council httpwwwbritishcouncilorgbc-edemocracy-2doc
Demos (2008) Democratising Engagementrdquo London Demos httpwwwdemoscoukfilesDemocratising_Engagement-webpdf
Duff A (2011) ldquoThe Rawls-Tawney Theorem and the Digital Divide in Postindustrial Societyrdquo Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 62 (3) 604-612
Hansard Society (2009) Audit of Political Engagement 6 Political Engagement Indicators London Hansard Society httpwwwhansardsocietyorgukfilesfolders1755downloadaspx
Hill C (2009) ldquoInside outside amp onlinerdquo American Libraries 40 (3) 38-42
Institute for Citizenship (2012) ldquoWhat is Citizenshiprdquo httpcitizenorgukWhat_is_Citizenshiphtm
Jensen M Danziger JN amp Venkatesh A (2007) ldquoCivil society and cyber society the role of the internet in community associations and democratic politicsrdquo The Information Society 23 39-50
Madsen MC (2009) The library as democratic hothouse Scandinavian Public Library Quarterly 42 (1) 10-11
Moy P amp Gastil J (2006) ldquoPredicting deliberative conversation the impact of discussion networks media use and political cognitionrdquo Political Communication 23 443-460
Museums Libraries and Archives Council (2008) Generic Social Outcomes httpinspiringlearningforallgovuktoolstemplatesgenericsocial
Print M (2007) Citizenship education and youth participation in democracy British Journal of Educational Studies 55 (3) 325-345 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext118492668PDFSTART
Sunstein C (2001) republiccom Princeton NJ Princeton University Press
Tapia A H amp Ortiz J A (2010) Network Hopes Municipalities Deploying Wireless internet to Increase Civic Engagement Social Science Computer Review 28 (1) 93-117 httpsscsagepubcomcgicontentabstract28193
Uitermark J amp Duyvendak J W (2008) Citizen participation in a mediated age neighbourhood governance in The Netherlands International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 32 (1) 114-134 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext119403656PDFSTART
Images Library polling station by makelessnoise on Flickr
Public library computer by sillygwailo on Flickr
Global village communications by Combined Media on Flickr
Scales of Justice by Citizensheep on Flickr
Fox News by FastFashn on Flickr
All images creative commons attribution licensed
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Citizenship Information
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- PowerPoint Presentation
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
Democracy Hubs Community democracy hubs (Power Inquiry 2010)
Public library as community commons
Citizens learn how to ldquofind evaluate and use the information essential for making decisions that affect the way we live learn work and govern ourselvesrdquo (Kranich 2001)
ldquoI helped a person who can barely read register to vote Without me they couldnt have participated in our democracy I hold sessions for people to give their views on local amp national government consultations because libraries are one of the few places that hold copies of physical documents and also have computers to submit an online response The library is a meeting space for the local walking group and Neighbourhood Forum meetings as well as out of hours computer training Its also the venue for our local councillor drop in service as well as our PCSOs and MPrdquo (Librarian commenting on Guardian website 2010)
References Andersen J (2006) ldquoThe public sphere and discursive activities information literacy as
sociopolitical skillsrdquo Journal of Documentation 62(2) 213-228
Borgida E amp Stark E (2004) ldquoNew media and politics some insights from social and political psychologyrdquo American Behavioral Scientist 48 (4) 467-478 httpproxylibstrathacukloginurl=httpsearchproquestcomdocview57120252accountid=14116
Brundidge J (2010) ldquoEncountering ldquoDifferencerdquo in the Contemporary Public Sphere The Contribution of the Internet to the Heterogeneity of Political Discussion Networksrdquo Journal of Communication 60 (4) 680-700
Cabinet Office (2010) The Coalition our programme for government London Crown Copyright httpwwwcabinetofficegovukmedia409088pfg_coalitionpdf
Canadian Index of Wellbeing (2010) Indicators of Democratic Engagement Toronto Canadian Index of Wellbeing httpwwwciwcaenTheCanadianIndexOfWellbeingDomainsOfWellbeingDemocraticEngagementaspx
Coleman S (2005) ldquoe-Democracy whats the big ideardquo Manchester British Council httpwwwbritishcouncilorgbc-edemocracy-2doc
Demos (2008) Democratising Engagementrdquo London Demos httpwwwdemoscoukfilesDemocratising_Engagement-webpdf
Duff A (2011) ldquoThe Rawls-Tawney Theorem and the Digital Divide in Postindustrial Societyrdquo Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 62 (3) 604-612
Hansard Society (2009) Audit of Political Engagement 6 Political Engagement Indicators London Hansard Society httpwwwhansardsocietyorgukfilesfolders1755downloadaspx
Hill C (2009) ldquoInside outside amp onlinerdquo American Libraries 40 (3) 38-42
Institute for Citizenship (2012) ldquoWhat is Citizenshiprdquo httpcitizenorgukWhat_is_Citizenshiphtm
Jensen M Danziger JN amp Venkatesh A (2007) ldquoCivil society and cyber society the role of the internet in community associations and democratic politicsrdquo The Information Society 23 39-50
Madsen MC (2009) The library as democratic hothouse Scandinavian Public Library Quarterly 42 (1) 10-11
Moy P amp Gastil J (2006) ldquoPredicting deliberative conversation the impact of discussion networks media use and political cognitionrdquo Political Communication 23 443-460
Museums Libraries and Archives Council (2008) Generic Social Outcomes httpinspiringlearningforallgovuktoolstemplatesgenericsocial
Print M (2007) Citizenship education and youth participation in democracy British Journal of Educational Studies 55 (3) 325-345 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext118492668PDFSTART
Sunstein C (2001) republiccom Princeton NJ Princeton University Press
Tapia A H amp Ortiz J A (2010) Network Hopes Municipalities Deploying Wireless internet to Increase Civic Engagement Social Science Computer Review 28 (1) 93-117 httpsscsagepubcomcgicontentabstract28193
Uitermark J amp Duyvendak J W (2008) Citizen participation in a mediated age neighbourhood governance in The Netherlands International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 32 (1) 114-134 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext119403656PDFSTART
Images Library polling station by makelessnoise on Flickr
Public library computer by sillygwailo on Flickr
Global village communications by Combined Media on Flickr
Scales of Justice by Citizensheep on Flickr
Fox News by FastFashn on Flickr
All images creative commons attribution licensed
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Citizenship Information
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- PowerPoint Presentation
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
References Andersen J (2006) ldquoThe public sphere and discursive activities information literacy as
sociopolitical skillsrdquo Journal of Documentation 62(2) 213-228
Borgida E amp Stark E (2004) ldquoNew media and politics some insights from social and political psychologyrdquo American Behavioral Scientist 48 (4) 467-478 httpproxylibstrathacukloginurl=httpsearchproquestcomdocview57120252accountid=14116
Brundidge J (2010) ldquoEncountering ldquoDifferencerdquo in the Contemporary Public Sphere The Contribution of the Internet to the Heterogeneity of Political Discussion Networksrdquo Journal of Communication 60 (4) 680-700
Cabinet Office (2010) The Coalition our programme for government London Crown Copyright httpwwwcabinetofficegovukmedia409088pfg_coalitionpdf
Canadian Index of Wellbeing (2010) Indicators of Democratic Engagement Toronto Canadian Index of Wellbeing httpwwwciwcaenTheCanadianIndexOfWellbeingDomainsOfWellbeingDemocraticEngagementaspx
Coleman S (2005) ldquoe-Democracy whats the big ideardquo Manchester British Council httpwwwbritishcouncilorgbc-edemocracy-2doc
Demos (2008) Democratising Engagementrdquo London Demos httpwwwdemoscoukfilesDemocratising_Engagement-webpdf
Duff A (2011) ldquoThe Rawls-Tawney Theorem and the Digital Divide in Postindustrial Societyrdquo Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 62 (3) 604-612
Hansard Society (2009) Audit of Political Engagement 6 Political Engagement Indicators London Hansard Society httpwwwhansardsocietyorgukfilesfolders1755downloadaspx
Hill C (2009) ldquoInside outside amp onlinerdquo American Libraries 40 (3) 38-42
Institute for Citizenship (2012) ldquoWhat is Citizenshiprdquo httpcitizenorgukWhat_is_Citizenshiphtm
Jensen M Danziger JN amp Venkatesh A (2007) ldquoCivil society and cyber society the role of the internet in community associations and democratic politicsrdquo The Information Society 23 39-50
Madsen MC (2009) The library as democratic hothouse Scandinavian Public Library Quarterly 42 (1) 10-11
Moy P amp Gastil J (2006) ldquoPredicting deliberative conversation the impact of discussion networks media use and political cognitionrdquo Political Communication 23 443-460
Museums Libraries and Archives Council (2008) Generic Social Outcomes httpinspiringlearningforallgovuktoolstemplatesgenericsocial
Print M (2007) Citizenship education and youth participation in democracy British Journal of Educational Studies 55 (3) 325-345 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext118492668PDFSTART
Sunstein C (2001) republiccom Princeton NJ Princeton University Press
Tapia A H amp Ortiz J A (2010) Network Hopes Municipalities Deploying Wireless internet to Increase Civic Engagement Social Science Computer Review 28 (1) 93-117 httpsscsagepubcomcgicontentabstract28193
Uitermark J amp Duyvendak J W (2008) Citizen participation in a mediated age neighbourhood governance in The Netherlands International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 32 (1) 114-134 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext119403656PDFSTART
Images Library polling station by makelessnoise on Flickr
Public library computer by sillygwailo on Flickr
Global village communications by Combined Media on Flickr
Scales of Justice by Citizensheep on Flickr
Fox News by FastFashn on Flickr
All images creative commons attribution licensed
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Citizenship Information
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- PowerPoint Presentation
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
Duff A (2011) ldquoThe Rawls-Tawney Theorem and the Digital Divide in Postindustrial Societyrdquo Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 62 (3) 604-612
Hansard Society (2009) Audit of Political Engagement 6 Political Engagement Indicators London Hansard Society httpwwwhansardsocietyorgukfilesfolders1755downloadaspx
Hill C (2009) ldquoInside outside amp onlinerdquo American Libraries 40 (3) 38-42
Institute for Citizenship (2012) ldquoWhat is Citizenshiprdquo httpcitizenorgukWhat_is_Citizenshiphtm
Jensen M Danziger JN amp Venkatesh A (2007) ldquoCivil society and cyber society the role of the internet in community associations and democratic politicsrdquo The Information Society 23 39-50
Madsen MC (2009) The library as democratic hothouse Scandinavian Public Library Quarterly 42 (1) 10-11
Moy P amp Gastil J (2006) ldquoPredicting deliberative conversation the impact of discussion networks media use and political cognitionrdquo Political Communication 23 443-460
Museums Libraries and Archives Council (2008) Generic Social Outcomes httpinspiringlearningforallgovuktoolstemplatesgenericsocial
Print M (2007) Citizenship education and youth participation in democracy British Journal of Educational Studies 55 (3) 325-345 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext118492668PDFSTART
Sunstein C (2001) republiccom Princeton NJ Princeton University Press
Tapia A H amp Ortiz J A (2010) Network Hopes Municipalities Deploying Wireless internet to Increase Civic Engagement Social Science Computer Review 28 (1) 93-117 httpsscsagepubcomcgicontentabstract28193
Uitermark J amp Duyvendak J W (2008) Citizen participation in a mediated age neighbourhood governance in The Netherlands International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 32 (1) 114-134 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext119403656PDFSTART
Images Library polling station by makelessnoise on Flickr
Public library computer by sillygwailo on Flickr
Global village communications by Combined Media on Flickr
Scales of Justice by Citizensheep on Flickr
Fox News by FastFashn on Flickr
All images creative commons attribution licensed
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Citizenship Information
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- PowerPoint Presentation
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
Print M (2007) Citizenship education and youth participation in democracy British Journal of Educational Studies 55 (3) 325-345 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext118492668PDFSTART
Sunstein C (2001) republiccom Princeton NJ Princeton University Press
Tapia A H amp Ortiz J A (2010) Network Hopes Municipalities Deploying Wireless internet to Increase Civic Engagement Social Science Computer Review 28 (1) 93-117 httpsscsagepubcomcgicontentabstract28193
Uitermark J amp Duyvendak J W (2008) Citizen participation in a mediated age neighbourhood governance in The Netherlands International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 32 (1) 114-134 httpwww3intersciencewileycomeresourcesshefacukcgi-binfulltext119403656PDFSTART
Images Library polling station by makelessnoise on Flickr
Public library computer by sillygwailo on Flickr
Global village communications by Combined Media on Flickr
Scales of Justice by Citizensheep on Flickr
Fox News by FastFashn on Flickr
All images creative commons attribution licensed
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Citizenship Information
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- PowerPoint Presentation
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
Images Library polling station by makelessnoise on Flickr
Public library computer by sillygwailo on Flickr
Global village communications by Combined Media on Flickr
Scales of Justice by Citizensheep on Flickr
Fox News by FastFashn on Flickr
All images creative commons attribution licensed
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Citizenship Information
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- PowerPoint Presentation
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-