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Blackwell’s
Five-Minute
Veterinary
Consult:
Ruminant
Second Edition
Blackwell’s
Five-Minute
Veterinary
Consult
Ruminant
Second Edition
Edited by
Christopher C.L. Chase, DVM, PhDDiplomate ACVM (Immunology and Virology)
Professor, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical SciencesCollege of Agriculture and Biological Sciences
South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, USA
Kaitlyn A. Lutz, VMDDiplomate ABVP (Food Animal)
Consultant in Production Animal Agriculture – InternationalPennsylvania, USA;
Private Practitioner – Dairy, Ashburton, New Zealand
Erica C. McKenzie, BSc, BVMS, PhDDiplomate ACVIM
Professor, Large Animal Internal MedicineDepartment of Clinical Sciences
College of Veterinary MedicineOregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
Ahmed Tibary, DMV, MS, DSc, PhDDiplomate ACT
Professor, Department of Veterinary Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary Medicine
Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
This second edition first published 2017 © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Edition HistoryJohn Wiley & Sons, Inc. (1e, 2009)
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, ortransmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording orotherwise, except as permitted by law. Advice on how to obtain permission to reuse material fromthis title is available at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions.
The right of Christopher C.L. Chase, Kaitlyn A. Lutz, Erica C. McKenzie, and Ahmed Tibary tobe identified as the authors of the editorial material in this work has been asserted in accordancewith law.
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Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: The contents of this work are intended to furthergeneral scientific research, understanding, and discussion only and are not intended and shouldnot be relied upon as recommending or promoting scientific method, diagnosis, or treatment byphysicians for any particular patient. In view of ongoing research, equipment modifications,changes in governmental regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to the use ofmedicines, equipment, and devices, the reader is urged to review and evaluate the informationprovided in the package insert or instructions for each medicine, equipment, or device for, amongother things, any changes in the instructions or indication of usage and for added warnings andprecautions. While the publisher and authors have used their best efforts in preparing this work,they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of thecontents of this work and specifically disclaim all warranties, including without limitation anyimplied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may becreated or extended by sales representatives, written sales materials or promotional statements forthis work. The fact that an organization, website, or product is referred to in this work as acitation and/or potential source of further information does not mean that the publisher andauthors endorse the information or services the organization, website, or product may provide orrecommendations it may make. This work is sold with the understanding that the publisher isnot engaged in rendering professional services. The advice and strategies contained herein maynot be suitable for your situation. You should consult with a specialist where appropriate. Further,readers should be aware that websites listed in this work may have changed or disappearedbetween when this work was written and when it is read. Neither the publisher nor authors shallbe liable for any loss of profit or any other commercial damages, including but not limited tospecial, incidental, consequential, or other damages.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Chase, Christopher C.L. (Christopher Civilian Louis), 1956- editor. |Lutz, Kaitlyn A. (Kaitlyn Ann), 1985- editor. | McKenzie, Erica C. (EricaClaire), 1974- editor. | Tibary, A. (Ahmed) editor.
Title: Blackwell’s five-minute veterinary consult. Ruminant / edited byChristopher C.L. Chase, Kaitlyn A. Lutz, Erica C. McKenzie, Ahmed Tibary.
Other titles: Five-minute veterinary consult. Ruminant | RuminantDescription: Second edition. | Hoboken, NJ, USA : Wiley, 2017. | Includes
bibliographical references and index. |Identifiers: LCCN 2017028666 (print) | LCCN 2017029572 (ebook) | ISBN
9781119064695 (pdf ) | ISBN 9781119064701 (epub) | ISBN 9781119064688(cloth)
Subjects: | MESH: Ruminants | Animal Diseases | Veterinary Medicine–methods| Handbooks
Classification: LCC SF997.5.R86 (ebook) | LCC SF997.5.R86 (print) | NLM SF997.5.R86 | DDC 636.2089–dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017028666
Cover design by Wiley
Set in 9/10pt GaramondPro by Aptara Inc., New Delhi, India
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
To Mary Chase, my wife and best friend, whose support and patience was essential for thecompletion of this project. Thank you for always being there.
Christopher C.L. Chase
To Drs Michaela Kristula, Billy Smith, and Rob Callan whose tireless attention to detailrubbed off and gave me the tools to complete this project, Dr Tim Holt whose passion iscontagious, and to my very encouraging friends and family.
Kaitlyn A. Lutz
Dedicated with gratitude to my husband, David, for his endless love and patience, and hisunderstanding of the demands of academic life.
Erica C. McKenzie
To my families in Morocco and Minnesota, my wife Brigitte for her support, and to all whoshare their clinical knowledge through books.
Ahmed Tibary
Preface
With production animal agriculture changing at an alarming rate, the individuals who service theseanimals, producers, and businesses are called upon to remain current in a myriad of areas. Everyfarm visit confirms the necessity of possessing knowledge beyond traditional medical and surgicaltechniques. Veterinarians are challenged to advise producers in areas such as advanced reproduc-tive techniques, precision-feeding, farm economics, facility design, governmental regulations, andbiosecurity, to name a few. This second edition of Wiley-Blackwell’s Five-Minute Veterinary Con-sult: Ruminant is designed to build upon the first edition by providing food animal practition-ers, veterinary students, animal scientists, extension specialists, and researchers with concise andtimely chapters relevant to these new challenges. The Five-Minute format allows busy practition-ers to access up-to-date information in an easy-to-use format when time does not allow for siftingthrough the literature. The companion website for the second edition also allows for easier accessto information in the field and use of full-color illustrations for improved information transfer.
As we see the consolidation of animal agriculture in many parts of the world, we are also seeing aresurgence of smallholder farming in other areas. To this point, food animal practitioners must bewell versed in individual animal care as well as herd management recommendations and productionparameters. This textbook, like the first edition, comprehensively covers information useful across avariety of production systems and species and strives for global relevance. Although this text focuseson cattle, sheep, and goats, a significant effort has been made to include key information on otherruminant species including bison, water buffalo, yak, and cervidae as well as pseudoruminants,camelids.
The book editors, along with the hundreds of veterinary specialists who contributed to this secondedition of Wiley-Blackwell’s Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Ruminant, are delighted to provide thisupdated text. Our sincere hope is that the reader finds this textbook to be a useful reference guide.Many thanks are also due to Scott R.R. Haskell for his dedication to bringing the first edition ofthis book to fruition.
Kaitlyn A. LutzChristopher C.L. Chase
Erica C. McKenzieAhmed Tibary
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Acknowledgments
Immense gratitude is owed to the contributing authors, who dedicated much time and energytowards updating and rewriting chapters for this edition. Their combined knowledge and expertisespanning a multitude of ruminant topics has resulted in a greatly improved reference for practi-tioners of ruminant and camelid medicine.
It was through the vision and perseverance of Dr. Scott R.R. Haskell that this series was originallyborn. Many thanks for the efforts of Scott and his team who worked on the first edition.
The perseverance of Mirjana Misina was integral in seeing this project to completion. The editorsextend their fervent gratitude to Mirjana for unwavering professionalism and patience. We wouldalso like to thank Heather Addison, copy editor, for her attention to detail and ability to “catch”the little things. Thank you also to the team of editors at Wiley Blackwell who ensured that thisproject ran smoothly: Purvi Patel, Nancy Turner, Melissa Wahl Hammer, Susan Engelken, andErica Judisch.
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Consulting Editors
CHRISTOPHER C.L. CHASE, DVM, PhDDiplomate ACVM (Immunology and Virology)ProfessorDepartment of Veterinary and BiomedicalSciencesCollege of Agriculture and BiologicalSciencesSouth Dakota State UniversityBrookings, South DakotaUSA
KAITLYN A. LUTZ, VMDDiplomate ABVP (Food Animal)Consultant in Production Animal Agriculture –InternationalPennsylvania, USAPrivate Practitioner – DairyAshburtonNew Zealand
ERICA C. MCKENZIE, BSc, BVMS, PhDDiplomate ACVIMProfessor, Large Animal Internal MedicineDepartment of Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary MedicineOregon State UniversityCorvallis, OregonUSA
AHMED TIBARY, DMV, MS, DSc, PhDDiplomate ACTProfessorDepartment of Veterinary Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary MedicineWashington State UniversityPullman, WashingtonUSA
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Contributors
SAMEEH M. ABUTARBUSH, DVM, MVetScDiplomate ABVP, Diplomate ACVIMAssociate ProfessorDepartment of Veterinary Clinical SciencesFaculty of Veterinary MedicineJordan University of Science and TechnologyIrbidJordan
AMBER L. ADAMS-PROGAR, PhDAssistant ProfessorDairy Management SpecialistDepartment of Animal SciencesWashington State UniversityPullman, WAUSA
ARN A. ANDERSON, DVM DipL ABUP(Beef Cattle)Cross Timbers Veterinary HospitalBowie, TXUSA
KEVIN L. ANDERSON, DVM, PhDDiplomate ABVP (Dairy Specialty)ProfessorDepartment of Population Health &PathobiologyCollege of Veterinary MedicineNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleigh, NCUSA
CHANCE L. ARMSTRONG, DVM, MSDiplomate ACTAssistant ProfessorDepartment of Clinical SciencesSchool of Veterinary MedicineLouisiana State UniversityBaton Rouge, LAUSA
LORA R. BALLWEBER, DVM, MSDiplomate ACVM (Parasitology)ProfessorDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology &PathologyCollege of Veterinary Medicine andBiomedical SciencesColorado State UniversityFort Collins, COUSA
GEORGE M. BARRINGTON, DVM, PhDDiplomate ACVIMProfessorDepartment of Veterinary Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary MedicineWashington State UniversityPullman, WAUSA
JULIAN A. BARTOLOME, MV, FRVCS, MSc,PhDDiplomate ACTProfessor, Animal ReproductionFacultad de Ciencias VeterinariasUniversidad Nacional de La PampaLa PampaArgentina
MICHELLE HENRY BARTON, DVM, PhDDiplomate ACVIM (Large Animal)Fuller E. Callaway Endowed ProfessorDepartment of Large Animal MedicineCollege of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of GeorgiaAthens, GAUSA
ADRIENNE C. BAUTISTA, DVM, PhDDiplomate ABVTVeterinarianBanfield Pet HospitalRoseville, CAUSA
SANDRA BAXENDELL, PSM, BVSc(Hons),PhD MANZCVS, GCertAppSC(RurExt),GCertPSectMgt, PGDAppSc, MRurSysManGoat Veterinary Consultancies – goatvetozBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
RONALD E. BAYNES, BSc, MS, PhDProfessor of PharmacologyDirector, Center for Chemical ToxicologyResearch and PharmacokineticsCollege of Veterinary MedicineNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleigh, NCUSA
DANIELA BEDENICE, DrMedVetDiplomate ACVIM (Large Animal)Diplomate ACVECC (Equine)Associate ProfessorDepartment of Clinical SciencesCummings School of Veterinary Medicine atTufts UniversityNorth Grafton, MAUSA
DANELLE BICKETT-WEDDLE, DVM, MPH,PhD, Diplomate ACVPMAssociate DirectorCenter for Food Security and Public HealthIowa State UniversityAmes, IAUSA
NORA M. BIERMANN, MagVetMedResident Large Animal SurgeryDepartment of Health ManagementAtlantic Veterinary CollegeUniversity of Prince Edward IslandCharlottetownPrince Edward IslandCanada
JENNIFER L. BORNKAMP, DVM, MSClinician, AnesthesiologyVeterinary Clinical SciencesLloyd Veterinary Medical CenterCollege of Veterinary MedicineIowa State UniversityAmes, IAUSA
MARGARET M. BROSNAHAN, DVM, PhDDiplomate ACVIM, Large Animal InternalMedicineResearch AssociateBaker Institute for Animal HealthCornell University College ofVeterinary MedicineIthaca, NYUSA
DAVID R. BROWN, PhDProfessor of Pharmacology and Vice ChairDepartment of Veterinary BiomedicalSciencesCollege of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of MinnesotaSaint Paul, MNUSA
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BARBARA A. BYRNE, DVM, PhDDiplomate ACVIM (Large Animal)Diplomate ACVM (Bacteriology andMycology)Professor of Clinical Veterinary MicrobiologyDepartment of Pathology, Microbiology, &ImmunologySchool of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of California, DavisDavis, CAUSA
ALEXIS J. CAMPBELL, DVM, MSDiplomate ACTClinical Instructor of ComparativeTheriogenologyDepartment of Veterinary Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary MedicineWashington State UniversityPullman, WAUSA
FRANCISCO R. CARVALLO, DVM, DScDiplomate ACVP (Anatomic Pathology)Assistant ProfessorCalifornia Animal Health and Food SafetyLaboratorySan Bernardino BranchSchool of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of California, DavisSan Bernardino, CAUSA
ALEJANDRO CEBALLOS-MARQUEZ, DVM,MSc, PhDAssociate ProfessorResearch Group on Milk Quality andVeterinary EpidemiologyFaculty of Agricultural SciencesUniversidad de CaldasManizalesColombia
CLEMENCE Z. CHAKO, BVSc, MPH, PhDDiplomate ACVIMAssistant ProfessorCollege of Veterinary MedicineMidwestern UniversityGlendale, AZUSA
MANUEL F. CHAMORRO, DVM, MS, PhDDiplomate ACVIM (Large Animal)Clinical Assistant ProfessorDepartment of Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary MedicineKansas State UniversityManhattan, KSUSA
CHRISTOPHER C.L. CHASE, DVM, PhDDiplomate ACVM (Immunology and Virology)ProfessorDepartment of Veterinary and BiomedicalSciences
College of Agriculture and BiologicalSciencesSouth Dakota State UniversityBrookings, SDUSA
CELINA CHECURA, DVM, MS, PhDDiplomate ACTClinical Assistant ProfessorDepartment of Medical SciencesSchool of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WIUSA
MUNASHE CHIGERWE, BVSc, MPH, PhDDiplomate ACVIM (Large Animal)Associate ProfessorDepartment of Veterinary Medicine andEpidemiologySchool of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of California, DavisDavis, CAUSA
MICHELA CICCARELLI, DVMComparative Theriogenology ResidentCollege of Veterinary MedicineWashington State UniversityPullman, WAUSA
THOMAS M. CRAIG, DVM, PhDDiplomate ACVM (Parasitology)ProfessorDepartment Veterinary PathobiologyTexas A&M UniversityCollege Station, TXUSA
BRENT C. CREDILLE, DVM, PhDDiplomate, ACVIM (Large Animal)Assistant ProfessorFood Animal Health and ManagementProgramDepartment of Population HealthCollege of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of GeorgiaAthens, GAUSA
MAISIE E. DAWES, DVM, PhDDiplomate ACVIM (Large Animal)Assistant ProfessorImmunology & Large Animal InternalMedicineCollege of Veterinary MedicineWestern University of Health SciencesPomona, CAUSA
ANDRES DE LA CONCHA-BERMEJILLO,DVM, MS, PhDVeterinary PathologistRegents FellowTexas A&M Veterinary Medical
Diagnostic LaboratoryTexas A&M University SystemCollege Station, TXUSA
SARAH DEPENBROCK, DVM, MSDiplomate ACVIM (Large Animal InternalMedicine)Clinical InstructorDepartment of Production Animal HealthUniversity of CalgaryFaculty of Veterinary MedicineCalgary, AlbertaCanada
ALFREDO DICONSTANZO, PhDProfessorDepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of MinnesotaSt Paul, MNUSA
DOUGLAS C. DONOVAN, BVetMed, PhD,MRCVS, PASPhD Dairy NutritionistStandard Dairy ConsultantsOmaha, NEUSA
SIAN A. DURWARD-AKHURST, BVMS, MSDiplomate ACVIM (Large Animal)PhD StudentEquine Genetics and Genomics LaboratoryUniversity of MinnesotaDepartment of Veterinary PopulationMedicineSaint Paul, MNUSA
RICHARD EHRHARDT, PhDSmall Ruminant Extension SpecialistDepartments of Animal Science and LargeAnimal Clinical ScienceMichigan State UniversityEast Lansing, MIUSA
KATHLEEN EMERY, DVMDairy NutritionistMycogen Seeds – DowAgroSciencesMaddison, WIUSA
STEVE ENSLEY, DVM, PhDVeterinary ToxicologistVeterinary Diagnostics and ProductionAnimal MedicineCollege of Veterinary MedicineIowa State UniversityAmes, IAUSA
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CYNTHIA FAUX, DVM, PhDDiplomate ACVIM (Large Animal)Assistant ProfessorDepartment of Integrative Physiology andNeuroscienceCollege of Veterinary MedicineWashington State UniversityPullman, WAUSA
MARIE-EVE FECTEAU, DVMDiplomate ACVIMAssociate Professor of Food Animal Medicineand SurgeryClinical Studies, New Bolton CenterSchool of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaKennett Square, PAUSA
MARIA SOLEDAD FERRER, Vet, MSDiplomate ACTAssociate ProfessorDepartment of Large Animal MedicineCollege of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of GeorgiaAthens, GAUSA
ANNA M. FIRSHMAN, BVSc, PhDDiplomate ACVIM (Large Animal)Diplomate ACVSMR (Sports Medicine &Rehabilitation)Associate Clinical ProfessorDepartment of Veterinary PopulationMedicineCollege of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of MinnesotaSaint Paul, MNUSA
BRANDON FRASER, DVM, MSDiplomate ACVIM (Large Animal)Head of Production Animal ServiceSchool of Veterinary ScienceUniversity of QueenslandGatton, QueenslandAustralia
DENNIS D. FRENCH, DVMDiplomate ABVP (Equine Practice)Professor and Interim Department HeadVeterinary Clinical MedicineCollege of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of IllinoisUrbana, ILUSA
A. JACQUES FUSELIER, DVM, DABVP,DACTBoard Certified Specialist in Food AnimalPracticeBoard Certified Theriogenologist(Reproduction Specialist)Whittington Veterinary ClinicAbbeville, LAUSA
STEVEN M. GALLEGO, DVMVeterinary Medical OfficerCalifornia Department of Food & AgricultureAnimal Health BranchRedding, CAUSA
DAVID GALLIGAN, VMD, MBAProfessor of Animal Health EconomicsUniversity of PennsylvaniaSchool of Veterinary MedicineKennett Square, PAUSA
JULIE A. GARD, DVM, PhDDiplomate ACTProfessorDepartment of Veterinary Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary MedicineAuburn UniversityAuburn, ALUSA
EDGAR F. GARRETT, DVM, MSClinical InstructorDepartment of Veterinary Clinical MedicineCollege of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of IllinoisUrbana, ILUSA
JOHN M. GAY, DVM, PhDDiplomate ACVPMAssociate Professor, EpidemiologyAAHP Field Disease Investigation UnitDepartment of Veterinary Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary MedicineWashington State UniversityPullman, WAUSA
SUNNY GEISER-NOVOTNYCattle Health Staff, VeterinarianUSDA APHIS VSSurveillance Preparedness & ResponseServicesFort Collins, COUSA
LAUREL J. GERSHWIN, DVM PhDDiplomate ACVMProfessor of ImmunologyDepartment of Pathology, Microbiology &ImmunologySchool of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of California, DavisDavis, CAUSA
JEREMY M. GESKE, MSAnimal Science and IndustryOwner/OperatorJMG SuffolksNew Prague, MNUSA
PHILIPPA GIBBONS, BVetMed(Hons), MS,MRCVSDiplomate ACVIM (LA)Clinical Assistant Professor, Food AnimalMedicineCollege of Veterinary Medicine andBiomedical SciencesTexas A&M UniversityCollege Station, TXUSA
MIKE GOEDKEN, DVM PhDDiplomate ACVP (Anatomic Pathology)DirectorResearch Pathology ServicesTranslational ScienceRutgers UniversityPiscataway, NJUSA
JENIFER R. GOLD, DVMDiplomate ACVIM, ACVECCClinical Associate ProfessorDepartment of Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary MedicineWashington State UniversityPullman, WAUSA
DIEGO GOMEZ-NIETO, DMV, MSc,MVSc, PhDDiplomate ACVIMInfection Control OfficerDepartment of PathobiologyOntario Veterinary CollegeUniversity of GuelphGuelph, OntarioCanada
SERGIO GONZALESVeterinary Teaching HospitalUniversity of MinnesotaSaint Paul, MNUSA
EMMA GORDON, BVSc, MSDiploma ACVIM (Large Animal)Clinical Instructor in Large Animal MedicineDepartment of Clinical SciencesOregon State UniversityCorvallis, ORUSA
DANIEL L. GROOMS, DVM, PhD, DACVMProfessor and ChairDepartment of Large Animal ClinicalSciencesCollege of Veterinary MedicineMichigan State UniversityEast Lansing, MIUSA
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TAMARA GULL, DVM, PhDDiplomate ACVIM (Large Animal)Diplomate ACVPMDiplomate ACVM (Immunology &Bacteriology/Mycology)Assistant ProfessorDepartment of Veterinary PathobiologyCenter for Veterinary Health SciencesOklahoma State UniversityStillwater, OKUSA
GAYLE HALLOWELL, MA, VetMB, PhD,CertVA, DACVIM, DACVECC, PFHEA,MRCVSDiplomate ACVIM (LAIM), DiplomateACVECC (LA), Associate Diplomate ECVDIRCVS Specialist in Equine Internal Medicineand Emergency and Critical CareProfessor in Veterinary Internal Medicine andCritical CareSchool of Veterinary Medicine and ScienceSutton Bonington CampusUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUnited Kingdom
NEIL E. HAMMERSCHMIDTManager, Animal Disease TraceabilityUnited States Department of AgricultureAnimal and Plant Health Inspection ServiceRiverdale, MDUSA
LAURA Y. HARDEFELDT, BSc, BVMSDiplomate ACVIM (Large Animal)PhD studentNational Centre for Antimicrobial StewardshipUniversity of MelbourneParkville, VictoriaAustralia
SCOTT R.R. HASKELL, DVM, MPVM, PhDDirectorVeterinary Technology ProgramYuba CollegeMarysville, CAUSA
MEERA HELLER, DVM, PhDDACVIM (Large Animal)Assistant Professor of Clinical LivestockMedicine and SurgeryDepartment of Medicine & EpidemiologySchool of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of California, DavisDavis, CAUSA
DENNIS HERMESCHKansas State UniversityManhattan, KSUSA
TROY E.C. HOLDER, DVMDiplomate ACVS (Large Animal)Clinical Assistant ProfessorLarge Animal SurgeryOregon State UniversityVeterinary Teaching HospitalCorvallis, ORUSA
LARRY D. HOLLER, DVM, PhDProfessorVeterinary and Biomedical SciencesDepartmentSouth Dakota State UniversityBrookings, SDUSA
RICHARD M. HOPPER, DVMDiplomate ACTProfessor & Section HeadFood Animal Medicine, Theriogenology &AmbulatoryDepartment of Pathobiology & PopulationMedicineCollege of Veterinary MedicineMississippi State UniversityStarkville, MSUSA
LYNN R. HOVDA, RPH, DVM, MSDiplomate ACVIMDirector, Veterinary ServicesSafetyCall International and Pet PoisonHelplineBloomington, MN;Adjunct Assistant ProfessorDepartment of Veterinary Biological SciencesCollege of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of MinnesotaSaint Paul, MNUSA
EUGENE JANZEN, BA, DVM, MVSProfessorDepartment of Production Animal HealthFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgary, AlbertaCanada
GREGORY W. JOHNSON, DVMNutritional ConsultantCows Come First, LLCIthaca, NYUSA
LAURA JOHNSTONE, BVSc MVScDACVIM (LAIM)Department of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaNew Bolton CenterKennett Square, PAUSA
MEREDYTH L. JONES, DVM, MSDiplomate ACVIM (Large Animal)Associate ProfessorFood Animal Field ServicesDepartment of Large Animal ClinicalSciencesTexas A&M UniversityCollege of Veterinary MedicineCollege Station, TXUSA
SERGIO O. JUCHEM, DVM, PhDResearcher in Ruminant NutritionEmbrapa Southern Region AnimalHusbandryBage, Rio Grande do SulBrazil
RAY M. KAPLAN DVM, PhDDiplomate ACVM (Parasitology)Diplomate EVPCProfessor of ParasitologyDepartment of Infectious DiseasesCollege of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of GeorgiaAthens, GAUSA
ANREW KARTER, PhDSenior InvestigatorAssociate DirectorCenter for Diabetes Translational ResearchKaiser Permanente – Division of ResearchOakland, CAUSA
PHILIP H. KASS, DVM, PhDAssociate Vice Provost for Faculty Equity andInclusionUC Davis Academic Affairs;Professor of Analytic EpidemiologySchool of Veterinary Medicine andSchool of MedicineUniversity of California, DavisDavis, CAUSA
J.F. “NIK” KOTERSKI, DVM, PhD, MSSDiplomate ACVPMVeterinary Services of Orrtanna,PennsylvaniaOrrtanna, PAUSA
JENNIFER H. KOZIOL, DVM, MSDiplomate ACTAssistant ProfessorDepartment of Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary MedicinePurdue UniversityWest Lafayette, INUSA
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AMANDA KREUDER, DVM, PhDDiplomate ACVIM (Large Animal InternalMedicine)Assistant ProfessorFood Animal and Camelid HospitalIowa State UniversityCollege of Veterinary MedicineAmes, IAUSA
MICHAELA KRISTULA, DVM, MSAssociate ProfessorNew Bolton CenterDepartment of Clinical StudiesSection of Field ServiceUniversity of Pennsylvania School ofVeterinary MedicineKennett Square, PAUSA
THIBAUD KUCA, DVMLarge Animal Medicine ResidentDepartment of Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary MedicineAuburn UniversityAuburn, ALUSA
REBECCA LADRONKA, MPH, DVMGraduate Research AssistantComparative Medicine and IntegrativeBiology ProgramCollege of Veterinary MedicineMichigan State UniversityEast Lansing, MIUSA
JEFF LAKRITZ, DVM, PhDDiplomate ACVIM (Large Animal)Diplomate ACVCPVernon L. Tharp Professor of Food AnimalMedicineHospital for Farm AnimalsVeterinary Medical CenterCollege of Veterinary MedicineThe Ohio State UniversityColumbus, OHUSA
STEPHEN H. LEMASTER, PharmD, MPH,DABTPharmacist and Senior Clinical ToxicologistSafetycall International, PLLC & Pet PoisonHelplineBloomington, MN;Clinical Associate ProfessorDepartment of Experimental and ClinicalPharmacologyCollege of PharmacyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolis, MNUSA
HUICHU LIN, DVM, MSDiplomate ACVAA (Anesthesia andAnalgesia)ProfessorDepartment of Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary MedicineAuburn UniversityAuburn, ALUSA
BONNIE R. LOGHRY, BAS, MPH, CPHPublic Health & Safety SpecialistYuba CollegeMarysville, CAUSA
KATHARINA L. LOHMANN, MedVet, PhD,DACVIM (Large Animal)Associate ProfessorDepartment of Large Animal ClinicalSciencesWestern College of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoon, SKCanada
DAVID M. LOVE, DVMConservation Medicine FellowDepartment of Conservation MedicineThe WildsCumberland, OHUSA
KAITLYN A. LUTZ, VMDDiplomate ABVP (Food Animal)Consultant in Production AnimalAgriculture – InternationalPennsylvania, USA;Private Practitioner – DairyAshburtonNew Zealand
ROBERT J. MACKAY, BVSc, PhDDiplomate ACVIMProfessor, Large Animal MedicineUniversity of FloridaGainesville, FLUSA
ANTOINETTE E. MARSH, MS, PhD, Esq.Associate ProfessorService Head Veterinary Medical CenterDiagnostic ParasitologyThe Ohio State UniversityCollege of Veterinary MedicineDepartment of Veterinary PreventiveMedicineColumbus, OHUSA
KYLE G. MATHIS, DVMDirector/Associate ProfessorVeterinary Technology ProgramYuba Community CollegeMarysville, CAUSA
HERRIS MAXWELL, DVMDiplomate ACTClinical ProfessorJ. T. Vaughan Large Animal TeachingHospitalDepartment of Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary MedicineAuburn UniversityAuburn, ALUSA
KATE MCCARTHY LOTT, DVMVeterinary Services of OregonTillamook, ORUSA
ERICA C. MCKENZIE, BSc, BVMS, PhDDiplomate ACVIMProfessor, Large Animal Internal MedicineDepartment of Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary MedicineOregon State UniversityCorvallis, ORUSA
CARLOS E. MEDINA-TORRES, DVM, MSc,DVSc, PhDDiplomate ACVIM (LAIM)/Diplomate ECEIMCert Uni Teaching PracticeSenior Lecturer – Equine Medicine SpecialistEquine Specialist HospitalVeterinary Medical CentreSchool of Veterinary ScienceThe University of QueenslandGatton, QueenslandAustralia
RICHARD W. MEIRING, DVMDiplomate ACVPMClinical ProfessorDepartment of Pathobiology and PopulationMedicineCollege of Veterinary MedicineMississippi State UniversityMississippi State, MSUSA
PEDRO MELENDEZ, DVM, MS, PhDAssociate ProfessorDepartment of Veterinary Medicine &SurgeryCollege of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of MissouriColumbia, MOUSA
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PAUL E. MENNICK, DVMOwnerPacific International GeneticsLos Molinos, CAUSA
JAMES MERONEK, DVM, MPHHead VeterinarianABS Global, IncDeForest, WIUSA
NATHAN MEYER, MS, MBA, PhD, DVMConsulting Nutritionist/Veterinarian (BeefCattle)JBS Five Rivers Cattle Feeding, LLCGreeley, CO;Affiliate FacultyCollege of Veterinary Medicine & BiomedicalSciencesColorado State UniversityFort Collins, COUSA
JOHN R. MIDDLETON, DVM, PhDDiplomate ACVIMProfessor, Food AnimalAssistant DirectorAgricultural Experiment StationDepartment of Veterinary Medicine andSurgeryCollege of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of MissouriColumbia, MOUSA
JOSEPH A. MILLER, BS, MS, JDAttorney-at-LawSeymour, INUSA
ROBERT B. MOELLER Jr., DVMDiplomate ACVPDiplomate ABTCalifornia Animal Health and Food SafetyLaboratory, TulareUniversity of California, DavisTulare, CAUSA
HARRY MOMONT, DVM, PhDDiplomate ACTClinical Associate ProfessorDepartment of Medical SciencesSchool of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WIUSA
MICHELLE MOSTROM, DVM, MS, PhDDiplomate ABVTDiplomate ABT (Toxicology)Veterinary ToxicologistVeterinary Diagnostic LaboratoryNorth Dakota State UniversityFargo, NDUSA
MARY E. MOWRER, DVMStonehouse Veterinary ServiceSt. Clairsville, OHUSA
DANIELLE A. MZYK, BSGraduate Research AssistantFood Animal Residue Avoidance DatabankPopulation Health and PathologyCollege of Veterinary MedicineNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleigh, NCUSA
DUSTY W. NAGY, DVM, MS, PhDDiplomate ACVIM (Large Animal)Associate Teaching ProfessorDepartment of Veterinary Medicine andSurgeryCollege of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of MissouriColumbia, MOUSA
REGG D. NEIGER, DVM, PhDProfessorDepartment of Veterinary and BiomedicalSciencesAnimal Disease Research and DiagnosticLaboratorySouth Dakota State UniversityBrookings, SDUSA
BENJAMIN W. NEWCOMER, DVM, PhDDiplomate ACVIM (Large Animal)Diplomate ACVPM (Epidemiology)Assistant ProfessorDepartment of PathobiologyCollege of Veterinary MedicineAuburn UniversityAuburn, ALUSA
ANDREW J. NIEHAUS, DVM, MSDiplomate ACVS (Large Animal)Associate ProfessorDepartment of Veterinary Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary MedicineThe Ohio State UniversityColumbus, OHUSA
JORGE L. NORICUMBO-SAENZ, MS(Animal Science)Milk Quality SpecialistTular County, CAUSA
AKINYI C. NYAOKE, BVM, MSc, PhDAssistant ProfessorCalifornia Animal Health and Food SafetyLaboratorySan Bernardino BranchUniversity of California, DavisSan Bernardino, CAUSA
LARRY OCCHIPINTI, DVM, MPVMOwnerGuardsman Veterinary and K9Reproduction ServicesTidewater, ORUSA
KATE O’CONOR, BSConsultant at YodleScottsdale, AZUSA
DUSTIN OEDEKOVEN, DVMDiplomate ACVPMState VeterinarianSouth Dakota Animal Industry BoardPierre, SDUSA
ERIK J. OLSON, DVM, PhDDiplomate ACVP (Anatomic Pathology)Associate ProfessorVeterinary Diagnostic Laboratory andDepartment of Veterinary PopulationMedicineCollege of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of MinnesotaSaint Paul, MNUSA
DONAL O’TOOLE, MVB, PhD, DipECVP,FRCPathProfessorDepartment of Veterinary Sciences andWyoming State Veterinary LaboratoryUniversity of WyomingLaramie, WYUSA
ZENHWA BEN OUYANG, VMD, MSEDepartment of Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary Medicine andBiomedical SciencesColorado State UniversityFort Collins, COUSA
xv
LAUREN PALMER, DVM, MPHVeterinarianThe Marine Mammal Care Center at FortMacArthurSan Pedro, CAUSA
LISA K. PEARSON, DVM, MS, PhDDiplomate ACTAdjunct FacultyDepartment of Veterinary Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary MedicineWashington State UniversityPullman, WAUSA
KEVIN D. PELZER, DVM, MPVMDiplomate ACVPMProfessorDepartment of Large Animal ClinicalSciencesProduction Management MedicineVirginia Maryland College of VeterinaryMedicineVirginia TechBlacksburg, VAUSA
ARUN PHATAKNutrition and ReproductiveManagement SpecialistReproduction Specialties, Inc.Modesto, CAUSA
PABLO PINEDO, DVM, PhDAssistant ProfessorDepartment of Animal SciencesColorado State UniversityFort Collins, COUSA
PAUL J. PLUMMER, DVM, PhDDiplomate, ACVIM (Large Animal)Diplomate, European College of SmallRuminant Health ManagementAssociate ProfessorVeterinary Diagnostic and Production AnimalMedicine;Veterinary Microbiology and PreventiveMedicineCollege of Veterinary MedicineIowa State UniversityAmes, IAUSA
ELEONORA PO, DVM, MRCVS, CVA (IVAS)Resident, ACVIM (LA) CandidateDepartment of Veterinary Clinical MedicineCollege of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of IllinoisUrbana-Champaign, ILUSA
SALUNA POKHREL, BVSc & AH, MVSc(Veterinary Parasitology)Assistant ProfessorDepartment of Veterinary Microbiology andParasitologyInstitute of Agriculture and Animal Science,Tribhuvan UniversityNepal
MARIANNE POLUNAS, RPh, PhDAssistant Research ProfessorDepartment of Pharmacology & ToxicologyErnest Mario School of PharmacyRutgers UniversityPiscataway, NJUSA
KEITH P. POULSEN, DVM, PhDDiplomate ACVIMClinical Assistant ProfessorLarge Animal Internal MedicineSection Head, Client ServicesWisconsin Veterinary Diagnostic LaboratorySchool of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of WisconsinMadison, WIUSA
EDWARD L. POWERS, DVM, MPVMCalifornia Department of Public HealthDivision of Communicable Disease ControlInfectious Diseases BranchVeterinary Public Health SectionRichmond, CAUSA
MARIA E. PRADO, MV, PhDDiplomate ACVIM (Large Animal)Assistant Professor of PracticeDepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of TennesseeKnoxville, TNUSA
STEPHEN R. PURDY, DVMDirector, North American CamelidStudies ProgramPresidentNunoa ProjectPeru;Adjunct Associate ProfessorUMass AmherstAmherst, MAUSA
BIRGIT PUSCHNER, DVM, PhDDiplomate ABVTProfessor and ChairDepartment of Molecular BiosciencesSchool of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaDavis, CAUSA
MERL F. RAISBECK, DVM, MS, PhDDiplomate ABVTProfessor Emeritus, Veterinary ToxicologyDepartment of Veterinary SciencesUniversity of WyomingLaramie, WYUSA
CHELSEY R. RAMIREZ, DVMClinical InstructorIntegrated Food Animal ManagementSystemsDepartment of Veterinary Clinical MedicineCollege of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of IllinoisUrbana-Champaign, ILUSA
JAMES M. RASMUSSEN, DVMSenior VeterinarianMinnesota Zoological GardenApple Valley, MNUSA
JIM P. REYNOLDS DVM, MPVMDiplomate ACAWVice President of ConsultingPraedium VenturesVisalia, CAUSA
JERRY R. ROBERSON, DVM, PhD, ACVIMProfessor Food Animal Medicine and SurgeryLincoln Memorial University-College ofVeterinary MedicineHarrogate, TNUSA
JENNIFER N. ROBERTS, DVMDiplomate ACTAssistant ProfessorDepartment of Large Animal ClinicalSciencesCollege of Veterinary MedicineMichigan State UniversityEast Lansing, MIUSA
NICHOLAS A. ROBINSON, BVSc (Hons),PhD, MACVScDiplomate ACVP (Anatomic Pathology)Associate ProfessorCummings School of Veterinary MedicineTufts UniversityNorth Grafton, MAUSA
JOE RODER, DVM, PhDDiplomate ABVTDirectorSwine Technical ServicesMerck Animal HealthDe Soto, KSUSA
xvi
FRANCISCO C. RODRIGUEZ, DVMAssociate Professor, Large Animal Medicineand SurgeryDepartment of Clinical SciencesSchool of Veterinary MedicineSt. Matthew’s UniversityGrand CaymanBritish West Indies
KEITH A. ROEHR, DVMState VeterinarianColorado Department of AgricultureAnimal Health DivisionBroomfield, COUSA
EMMANUEL ROLLIN. DVM, MFAMClinical Assistant Professor, Dairy ProductionMedicineDepartment of Population HealthCollege of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of GeorgiaAthens, GAUSA
JENNIFER A. SCHLEINING, DVM, MSDiplomate, ACVS (Large Animal)Associate ProfessorDepartment of Veterinary Diagnostic andProduction Animal MedicineCollege of Veterinary MedicineIowa State UniversityAmes, IAUSA
DAVID A. SCHNEIDER, DVM, PhDDiplomate ACVIM (Large Animal)Research Veterinary Medical OfficerUS Department of AgricultureAgricultural Research ServiceAnimal Disease Research UnitPullman, WAUSA
CLARE M. SCULLY, MA, DVM, MSDiplomate ACTAssistant ProfessorDepartment of Veterinary Clinical SciencesLouisiana State University School ofVeterinary MedicineBaton Rouge, LAUSA
WILLIAM J. SEGLAR, DVMSenior Nutritionist/VeterinarianGlobal Nutritional SciencesDuPont/Pioneer Global ForagesJohnston, IAUSA
JAN K. SHEARER, DVM, MSDiplomate, American College of AnimalWelfareProfessor and Extension VeterinarianIowa State University, CVM, VDPAMAmes, IAUSA
CLIFFORD F. SHIPLEY, DVMDiplomate ACT (Theriogenology)Associate Clinical ProfessorAttending VeterinarianAgricultural Animal Care and Use ProgramDepartment of Veterinary Clinical MedicineCollege of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of IllinoisUrbana, ILUSA
SUVASH SHIWAKOTI, BVSc & AH, MSc(Microbiology)Veterinary OfficerGovernment of NepalNorth Dakota State UniversityFargo, NDUSA
EGENDRA KUMAR SHRESTHA, BVSc &AH, MVScAssociate Academic DirectorAssociate ProfessorCollege of Agriculture and VeterinarySciencesNepal Polytechnic Institute LtdBharatpur-11, ChitwanNepal
KATHARINE M. SIMPSON, DVM, MSDACVIMAssociate ProfessorFood Animal Medicine and SurgeryLarge Animal Medicine and SurgeryDepartmentSt. George’s UniversitySchool of Veterinary MedicineTrue Blue, GrenadaWest Indies
BILLY I. SMITH, DVM, MSDiplomate ABVP (Food Animal)University of PennsylvaniaSchool of Veterinary MedicineNew Bolton CenterDepartment of Large Animal Clinical StudiesSection of Field ServiceKennett Square, PAUSA
JACK D. SMITH, DVMDiplomate ACTAssociate Professor, TheriogenologyInterim, Associate Dean for Academic AffairsCollege of Veterinary MedicineMississippi State UniversityStarkville, MSUSA
JOE S. SMITH, DVM, MPS, DACVIM (LAIM)ClinicianFood Animal and Camelid HospitalDepartment of Veterinary Diagnostic andProduction Animal MedicineCollege of Veterinary MedicineIowa State UniversityAmes, IAUSA
KEELY A. SMITH, DVMPrivate PractitionerHudson, FLUSA
JAMIE L. STEWART, DVM, MSTheriogenology ResidentDepartment of Veterinary Clinical MedicineCollege of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of IllinoisUrbana, ILUSA
AUDUN STIEN, PhDSenior ResearcherNorwegian Institute for NatureResearch – NINAFram CentreTromsøNorway
KELLY M. STILL BROOKS, DVM, MPHDiplomate ACVPMClinical Assistant ProfessorVeterinary Diagnostic and Production AnimalMedicineCollege of Veterinary MedicineIowa State UniversityAmes, IAUSA
RICARDO M. STOCKLER, DVM, MSDiplomate ABVP (Dairy Practice)Assistant Clinical Professor of Farm AnimalAmbulatory ServicesJT Vaughan Large Animal Teaching HospitalCollege of Veterinary Medicine at AuburnUniversityAuburn, ALUSA
xvii
CAROLYN L. STULL, MS, PhDDiplomate ACAN (Animal Nutrition), ACAWS(Animal Welfare Science)Animal Welfare Cooperative ExtensionSpecialist, EmeritaDepartment of Population Health andReproductionSchool of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaDavis, CAUSA
JENNIFER S. TAINTOR, DVM, MSDiplomate ACVIM (Large Animal)Diplomate ACVSMR (Equine)Associate ProfessorDepartment of Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary MedicineAuburn UniversityAuburn, ALUSA
RACHEL H. H. TAN BVSc, DVCS, MACVSc,CertVetAc, MS, DipACVIM, GradCertEdSenior Lecturer, Large AnimalCollege of Public Health, Medical andVeterinary SciencesJames Cook UniversityTownsville, QueenslandAustralia
AHMED TIBARY, DMV, MS, DSc, PhDDiplomate ACTProfessorDepartment of Veterinary Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary MedicineWashington State UniversityPullman, WAUSA
FERENC TOTH, DVM, PhDDiplomate ACVS (Large Animal)Assistant ProfessorDepartment of Veterinary PopulationMedicineCollege of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of MinnesotaSaint Paul, MNUSA
ALEX K. TURNER, DVMTraceability VeterinarianColorado Department of AgricultureAnimal Health DivisionBroomfield, COUSA
TORKILD TVERAA, PhDSenior ResearcherNorwegian Institute for NatureResearch – NINAFram CentreTromsøNorway
JEFFREY W. TYLER (Deceased)College of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of MissouriColumbia, MOUSA
FRANCISCO A. UZAL, DVM, FRVC,MSc, PhDDiplomate ACVPProfessor of Veterinary PathologyCalifornia Animal Health and SafetyLaboratory SystemSan Bernardino BranchUniversity of California, DavisSan Bernardino, CAUSA
MODEST VENGUST, DVM, DVSc, PhDDiplomate ACVIM (Large Animal)Diplomate ACVSMR (Equine)Veterinary FacultyUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia
PAUL H. WALZ, DVM, MS, PhDDiplomate ACVIM (Large Animal)ProfessorDepartment of PathobiologyCollege of Veterinary MedicineAuburn UniversityAuburn, ALUSA
MUHAMMAD SALMAN WAQAS,DVM, M.PhilLecturerDepartment of TheriogenologyFaculty of Veterinary ScienceUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan
MATT G. WELBORN, DVM, MPHDiplomate ACVPMProfessorFood Animal Health ManagementDepartment of Veterinary Clinical SciencesLSU School of Veterinary MedicineLouisiana State UniversityBaton Rouge, LAUSA
ASHLEY WHITEHEAD, DVM, BSc, DVScDiplomate ACVIM (Large Animal)Assistant ProfessorDepartment of Veterinary Clinical andDiagnostic SciencesFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgary, AlbertaCanada
JEFFREY J. WICHTEL, BVSc, PhDDiplomate ACTProfessor and DeanOntario Veterinary CollegeUniversity of GuelphGuelph, OntarioCanada
AUDREY WIEMAN, DVMOwnerRidgeline Veterinary Services, LLCLynch, NEUSA
CHRISTINE M. WINSLOW, DVMDiplomate, ACTAssistant ProfessorAnimal Health InstituteMidwestern UniversityGlendale, AZUSA
AMELIA WOOLUMS, DVM, MVSc, PhDDiplomate ACVIMDiplomate ACVMProfessorDepartment of Pathobiology and PopulationMedicineCollege of Veterinary MedicineMississippi State UniversityMississippi State, MSUSA
ALAN YOUNG, PhDProfessor of Veterinary and BiomedicalScienceSouth Dakota State UniversityBrookings, SDUSA
xviii
About the Companion Website
This book is accompanied by a companion website:
www.fiveminutevet.com/ruminant
The website includes:� Additional topics not found in the book� Client education handouts� The figures from the book in PowerPoint
xix
Contents
Topic
Abomasal Emptying Defect in Sheep 1
Abomasal Impaction 3
Abomasal Ulceration 5
Abortion: Bacterial 7
Abortion: Bovine 9
Abortion: Camelid 11
Abortion: Farmed Cervidae 13
Abortion: Small Ruminant 16
Abortion: Viral, Fungal, and Nutritional 19
Actinobacillosis: Wooden Tongue 21
Actinomycosis: Lumpy Jaw 23
Acupuncture 24
Acute Renal Failure 26
Agricultural Chemical Toxicities 27
Agricultural Practices Contributing to Disease∗
Agroterrorism∗
Akabane 29
Alternative Medicine∗
Anaphylaxis 31
Anaplasmosis 32
Anemia, Nonregenerative 33
Anemia, Regenerative 35
Anesthesia: Inhalation 38
Anesthesia: Injectable 40
Anesthesia: Local and Regional 43
Anestrus 45
Angular Limb Deformity 47
Animal Disease Traceability (ADT)∗
Animal Welfare∗
Anthelmintic Resistance 50
Anthrax 52
Arsenic Toxicosis 54
Arthrogryposis 56
Artificial Insemination: Bovine 59
Artificial Insemination: Camelid∗
Artificial Insemination: Cervidae∗
Artificial Insemination: Small Ruminant 61
*Published online, see www.fiveminutevet.com/ruminant
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Aspiration Pneumonia 63
Atypical Interstitial Pneumonia 65
Avocado Toxicosis 67
Babesiosis 68
Bacillary Hemoglobinuria 71
Bacterial Endocarditis 73
Bacterial Meningitis 76
Beef Bull Management∗
Beef Herd Records∗
Beef Herd Reproductive Worksheets∗
Biosecurity: Beef Cow/Calf∗
Biosecurity: Cervidae∗
Biosecurity: Dairy∗
Biosecurity: Goats∗
Biosecurity: Research Herds∗
Biosecurity: Sheep∗
Bison: Bacterial Diseases 78
Bison: Clinical Examination and Treatment∗
Bison: Management∗
Bison: Parasitic Diseases 81
Bison: Viral Diseases 83
Black Locust Toxicity 86
Bloat 87
Blood Chemistry∗
Blue-Green Algae Poisoning 89
Bluetongue Virus 91
Body Condition Scoring: Alpacas and Llamas∗
Body Condition Scoring: Beef∗
Body Condition Scoring: Camels∗
Body Condition Scoring: Cervidae∗
Body Condition Scoring: Dairy Cattle∗
Body Condition Scoring: Goats∗
Body Condition Scoring: Sheep∗
Border Disease 94
Borna Disease 96
Bovine and Ovine Implants∗
Bovine Anthelmintics∗
Bovine Dermatology 98
Bovine Digital Dermatitis 100
Bovine Ephemeral Fever 103
Bovine Leukemia Virus 105
Bovine Papular Stomatitis 107
Bovine Petechial Fever 108
Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus 109
Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy 111
Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus 113
Bracken Fern Toxicity 117
*Published online, see www.fiveminutevet.com/ruminant
xxi
Brain Assessment and Dysfunction∗
Brassica spp. Toxicity 119
Breeding Soundness Examination: Bull 122
Breeding Soundness Examination: Camelids 124
Breeding Soundness Examination: Cervidae 128
Breeding Soundness Examination: Small Ruminant 130
Brisket Disease 132
Brucellosis 134
Buckeye (Aesculus spp.) Toxicity 136
Burn Management 137
Cache Valley Virus 140
Calf Diphtheria/Necrotic Stomatitis 142
Camel Diseases 145
Camel Management and Health Programs 149
Camelid: Dentistry 152
Camelid: Dermatology 154
Camelid: Gastrointestinal Disease 158
Camelid: Heat Stress 160
Camelid: Parasitology 162
Camelid: Reproduction 165
Camelid: Venipuncture∗
Campylobacter 169
Candidiasis 172
Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis Virus 174
Carbamate Toxicity 177
Cardiac Failure 179
Cardiotoxic Plants 181
Caseous Lymphadenitis (CLA) 184
Castor Bean Toxicity 187
Castration/Vasectomy: Bovine 188
Castration/Vasectomy: Camelid 190
Castration/Vasectomy: Small Ruminant 192
Caudal Vena Caval Thrombosis Syndrome 194
Cecal Dilation and Volvulus 196
Cervidae: Captive Management 198
Cervidae: Capture Myopathy 201
Cervidae: Chronic Wasting Disease 203
Cervidae: Game Park Management, Facilities 205
Cervidae Mortality 208
Cervidae: Reproduction 211
Cesarean Section: Bovine 213
Cesarean Section: Camelid 215
Cesarean Section: Small Ruminant 217
Chlamydiosis 219
Cleaning and Disinfection∗
Clostridial Disease: Gastrointestinal 221
Clostridial Disease: Muscular 223
*Published online, see www.fiveminutevet.com/ruminant
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Clostridial Disease: Nervous System 225
Coccidioidomycosis 228
Coccidiosis 230
Coenurosis 232
Colic: Bovine 234
Colic: Small Ruminant 236
Colostrum and Milk Replacers∗
Common Pharmacologic Therapies: Adult Dairy Cattle∗
Congenital Defects: Bovine 239
Congenital Defects: Camelid 241
Congenital Defects: Small Ruminant 243
Congenital Ocular Disorders 245
Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia 247
Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia 249
Controlled Substances∗
Copper Deficiency and Toxicity 251
Corkscrew Claw 255
Corneal Disorders 257
Coronavirus 260
Cow-Calf Management∗
Cowpox 263
Cranial Nerve Assessment and Dysfunction∗
Cryptococcosis 265
Cryptosporidiosis 267
Cyanide Toxicosis 269
Dairy Cattle Behavior∗
Dairy Cow Comfort∗
Dairy Economics∗
Dairy Heifer Management Program∗
Dairy Heifer Nutrition: Basics∗
Dairy Informatics∗
Dairy Nutrition: Ration Guidelines for Milking and Dry Cows∗
Dairy Record Evaluation∗
Dairy Reproduction∗
Dairy Sheep and Goat Industries∗
Death Camas 271
Dehorning/Cornuectomy∗
Dermatophilosis 272
Dermatophytosis 274
Diarrheal Diseases: Bovine 276
Diarrheal Diseases: Camelid 278
Diarrheal Diseases: Small Ruminant 280
Disaster and Emergency Preparedness and Response∗
Displaced Abomasum 282
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulopathy 285
Down Bovine 287
Down Camelid 289
*Published online, see www.fiveminutevet.com/ruminant
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Down Small Ruminant 292
Drug Hypersensitivities 294
Drug Interactions 296
Drug Residues in Milk∗
Drug Storage Requirements and Veterinarian-Client-PatientRelationship (VCPR)∗
Drug Toxicities 298
Dystocia: Bovine 300
Dystocia: Camelid 302
Dystocia: Small Ruminant 304
Echinococcosis 306
Economics: Net Present Value∗
Economics: Partial Budgeting∗
Embryo Transfer: Bovine 308
Embryo Transfer: Camelid 310
Embryo Transfer: Small Ruminant 312
Emesis 314
Employee Management∗
Endocrine Disorders 316
Endometritis 318
Enucleation/Exenteration∗
Environment and Mastitis∗
Enzootic Ataxia 321
Enzootic Pneumonia of Calves 323
Epidemiologic Study Designs∗
Epidemiology: Clinical Versus Statistical Significance∗
Epidemiology: Diagnostic Test Use∗
Epidemiology: Informatics∗
Epidemiology of Mastitis∗
Epidemiology: Risk Analysis∗
Epidemiology: Systematic Approach to Disease Outbreak Investigations∗
Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus 325
Erythrocytosis (Polycythemia) 327
Escherichia coli 330
Esophageal Disorders 332
Estrus Synchronization: Bovine 335
Estrus Synchronization: Small Ruminant 337
Evaluating Corn Silages for Feed Value∗
Ewe Flock Nutrition∗
Extra-label Drug Use and Compounding∗
Failure of Passive Transfer 339
Fatty Liver 341
Feed Additives∗
Feeding By-Products to the Beef Cow Herd∗
Feeding for Milk Components∗
Fescue Toxicity 343
Floppy Kid Syndrome 345
Fluid Therapy: Intravenous 347
*Published online, see www.fiveminutevet.com/ruminant
xxiv
Fluid Therapy: Oral 350
Fluoride Toxicity 353
Food Animal Residue Avoidance Databank (FARAD)∗
Foot and Mouth Disease 355
Foot Rot: Bovine 357
Foot Rot: Small Ruminant 359
Freemartinism 361
Frostbite 363
Fungal Tremorgens 365
Gaseous Toxicities∗
Gastrointestinal Pharmacology∗
Gastrointestinal Surgeries: Laparotomy∗
Gastrointestinal Surgeries: Rumenotomy/Rumenostomy∗
Goat Milk Quality∗
Goat Nutrition∗
Gossypol Toxicosis 367
Grass Tetany/Hypomagnesemia 369
Grayanotoxin 371
HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point)∗
Haemonchosis 372
Hazardous Materials Spills Awareness and Response∗
Heartwater (Cowdriosis) 376
Heat Stress 378
Heavy Metal Toxicosis 380
Hemorrhagic Bowel Syndrome 384
Hemotropic Mycoplasmas (Formerly Eperythrozoonosis) 386
Hereditary Chondrodysplasia: Ovine 388
Hernia Surgery∗
Histophilus somni Complex 390
Hydrometra 394
Hydrops 396
Hypocalcemia: Bovine 398
Hypocalcemia: Small Ruminant 401
Indigestion 403
Induction of Parturition 405
Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis 407
Infectious Necrotic Hepatitis 410
Infectious Pustular Vulvovaginitis 412
Infertility and Subfertility Issues 414
Injection Site Lesions 416
Iodine Deficiency and Toxicity 418
Jimsonweed Toxicity (Datura stramonium) 420
Johne’s Disease 421
Juvenile Llama Immunodeficiency Syndrome 423
Ketosis: Dairy Cattle 425
Lactation Failure (Dysgalactia, Agalactia, Hypogalactia) 428
Lameness: Bovine 430
*Published online, see www.fiveminutevet.com/ruminant
xxv
Lameness: Camelid 433
Lameness: Small Ruminant 435
Laminitis in Cattle 437
Lantana Toxicosis 439
Lead Toxicosis 441
Leptospirosis 444
Leukocyte Responses in Cattle 447
Lightning Strike 451
Listeriosis 453
Liver Abscesses 455
Liver Flukes 458
Low-Fat Milk Syndrome 462
Lumpy Skin Disease 464
Lupine Toxicity 466
Lymphocytosis 468
Lymphosarcoma 470
Maedi-Visna (Ovine Progressive Pneumonia) 473
Malignant Catarrhal Fever 476
Management of Gunshot Wounds 478
Managing Neglect Cases∗
Manure Management and Environmental Planning∗
Manure Microbiology and Zoonosis∗
Mastitis: Bulk Tank Monitoring and Somatic Cell Counts∗
Mastitis: Camelids 480
Mastitis: Coliform 482
Mastitis: Fungal 484
Mastitis: Involvement of Milking Equipment and Stray Voltage∗
Mastitis: Milking Procedures and Teat Disinfection∗
Mastitis: Minor Bacteria 486
Mastitis: Monitoring∗
Mastitis: Mycoplasmal 488
Mastitis: No Growth 491
Mastitis: Pharmacology∗
Mastitis: Small Ruminant 493
Mastitis: Staphylococcal 496
Mastitis: Streptococcal 498
Melioidosis 501
Metaldehyde Toxicosis 503
Metritis 505
Microbiologic Sampling∗
Milk Cow Nutrition Monitoring∗
Milk Quality and Composition∗
Milk Vein Rupture 508
Milkweed (Asclepias spp.) Toxicosis 509
Molybdenum Toxicity 511
Monensin Toxicity 513
Mycoplasma bovis Associated Diseases 516
*Published online, see www.fiveminutevet.com/ruminant
xxvi
Mycotoxins 518
Nairobi Sheep Disease 522
Nematodirosis 524
Neonatal Diarrhea 526
Neonatal Septic Arthritis 529
Neonatology: Beef 531
Neonatology: Camelid 533
Neonatology: Caprine 535
Neonatology: Dairy Cattle∗
Neonatology: Ovine∗
Neosporosis 537
Nightshade (Solanum spp.) Toxicosis 539
Nitrate and Nitrite Toxicosis 540
Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)∗
Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases: Beef 542
Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases: Camelid∗
Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases: Cervidae 544
Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases: Dairy 546
Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases: Small Ruminant 548
Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases: Water Buffalo 550
Nutritional Assessment∗
Oak (Quercus spp.) Toxicity 553
Oestrus ovis Infestation 555
Oleander and Cardiotoxic Plant Toxicity 557
Oral Disorders 560
Orchitis and Epididymitis 562
Orf (Contagious Ecthyma) 564
Organophosphate Toxicity 566
Osteochondrosis 568
Ostertagiasis 570
Otitis Media/Interna 573
Ovarian Cystic Degeneration 576
Ovarian Hypoplasia, Bursal Disease, Salpingitis 578
Ovine Encephalomyelitis (Louping Ill) 580
Ovine Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma 582
Oxalate Toxicity 584
Pain Management∗
Parainfluenza-3 Virus 586
Parasite Control Programs: Beef 588
Parasite Control Programs: Camelid 590
Parasite Control Programs: Dairy 594
Parasite Control Programs: Small Ruminant 596
Parasitic Pneumonia 600
Parasitic Skin Diseases: Bovine 602
Parasitic Skin Diseases: Camelid 605
Parasitic Skin Diseases: Small Ruminant 609
Parelaphostrongylus tenuis (Meningeal Worm) 612
*Published online, see www.fiveminutevet.com/ruminant
xxvii
Parenteral Nutrition 614
PCR Diagnostics∗
Penile Disorders 617
Penile Hematoma 620
Pericarditis 622
Perinatal Lamb Mortality 625
Peripheral Nerve Assessment and Dysfunction∗
Peste des Petits Ruminants 628
Petroleum Product Poisoning 630
Pharmaceutical Use: Legal Issues∗
Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics∗
Phenoxyl Toxicity 632
Phosphorus Deficiency/Excess 634
Photosensitization 637
Pine Needle Toxicity 641
Plants Producing Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome 643
Poison Hemlock (Conium spp.) Toxicity 645
Polyarthritis 647
Postpartum Disorders 649
Postparturient Hemoglobinuria 651
Postparturient Paresis (Hypocalcemia) 653
Precocious Udder 655
Pregnancy Diagnosis: Bovine 657
Pregnancy Diagnosis: Camelid 659
Pregnancy Diagnosis: Small Ruminant 661
Pregnancy Toxemia: Bovine 663
Pregnancy Toxemia: Camelid 666
Pregnancy Toxemia: Small Ruminant 668
Prolonged Pregnancy 671
Protein Nutrition 673
Prudent Use of Antimicrobials∗
Pseudocowpox 675
Pseudorabies 677
Pyelonephritis 679
Pyometra 681
Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids 683
Q Fever (Coxiellosis) 685
Quality Assurance for Meat Goats∗
Quality Assurance Programs for Beef and Dairy∗
Rabies 688
Reading and Evaluating Scientific Literature∗
Rectal Prolapse 690
Reindeer Management: Overview 691
Reindeer Management: Population Dynamics 693
Repeat Breeder Management 695
Reproductive Pharmacology 697
Reproductive Prolapse 700
*Published online, see www.fiveminutevet.com/ruminant
xxviii
