Biol 432 pp digestive glands
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Transcript of Biol 432 pp digestive glands
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DIGESTIVEDIGESTIVEDIGESTIVEDIGESTIVEDIGESTIVEDIGESTIVEDIGESTIVEDIGESTIVE
GLANDSGLANDSGLANDSGLANDSGLANDSGLANDSGLANDSGLANDS
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EXTRINSIC/EXTRA-MURAL GLANDS OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
���� Salivary Glands ���� Pancreas���� Liver���� Gall Bladder
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GENERAL ORGANIZATION AND
COMPONENTS OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
Source: Ham. 1957. Histology. 3rd Edition.
EXTRINSIC GLAND/ EXTRA-MURAL GLAND
INTRINSIC GLAND
INTRINSIC GLANDTUBULAR PORTION
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TERMS USED TO DESCRIBE THE BRANCHED DUCT SYSTEM
OF LARGE EXOCRINE GLANDS
���� INTERCALATED DUCTS
���� STRIATED DUCTS
���� EXCRETORY DUCTS
���� INTRALOBULAR DUCTS
���� INTERLOBULAR DUCTS
���� INTERLOBAR DUCTS
BASED ON POSITIONIN THE GLAND
BASED ON MORPHOLOGYOF THE EPITHELIUM
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Classification of ducts by position in the gland
Blue = CTRed = ducts
Green = gland
tissue
Main Duct(interlobar)
Duct from a lobe(interlobar)
Duct from a
lobule(interlobular)
Duct within alobule
(intralobular)
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TERMS USED TO DESCRIBE THE BRANCHED DUCT SYSTEM
OF LARGE EXOCRINE GLANDS
���� INTERCALATED DUCTS
���� STRIATED DUCTS
���� EXCRETORY DUCTS
���� INTRALOBULAR DUCTS
���� INTERLOBULAR DUCTS
���� INTERLOBAR DUCTS
BASED ON POSITIONIN THE GLAND
BASED ON MORPHOLOGYOF THE EPITHELIUM
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Morphology of structures associated with
secretory units in digestive glands
From Junqueira et al. 1975
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Function of striated ducts
From Junqueira et al. 1975
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TERMS USED TO DESCRIBE THE SECRETORY PRODUCTS
OF LARGE EXOCRINE GLANDS
• SEROUS (usually acini)
• MUCOUS (usually tubular, frequently
short)
• MIXED (usually short mucous tubules with
serous cells mixed in near the ends)
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SECRETORY EPITHELIAL CELLS of Salivary Gland
As Viewed at TEM Level
Source: Lentz. 1971. Cell Fine Structure.
SecretoryGranules
SecretoryGranules
Forming SecretoryGranules
SEROUS-SECRETING CELL MUCUS-SECRETING CELL
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Mucous-secreting cells
Serous-secreting cells
SUBMANDIBULAR SALIVARY GLAND
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Mixed secretory unit structure
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Oral cavity and pharynx
ORAL CAVITY
PHARYNX
Parotid
Submaxillary or Submandibular
Sublingual
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Structures found in major salivary glands
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PAROTID SALIVARY GLAND
Serous-secreting Acini
Striated Ducts
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Parotid gland
Ross et al. Plate 48
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Ross et al. Plate 47
Submandibular(submaxillary)
gland
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Mucous-secreting cells
Serous-secreting cells
Submandibular (submaxillary) gland
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Sublingual gland
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SUBLINGUAL SALIVARY GLAND
Mucous-secreting cells
Serous-secreting cells
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Parotid gland Sublingual glandSubmandibular(submaxillary) gland
All serous units (don’t be fooled by adipose) Mostly serous units with areas of mixed units Almost all mixed units
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Secretory unit and duct structure in the pancreas
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Pancreas
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PANCREAS
Islet of Langerhans(endocrine secretion)
Pancreatic acinar cells (exocrine secretion)
Duct
Duct
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PancreasParotid gland
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COMPARISON OF DIGESTIVE GLANDS
Gland Type of units Striated ducts
Parotid all serous present
Submandibular serous + mixed present
Sublingual all mixed absent or few
Pancreas all serous absent
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Liver structure
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HEPATOCYTES
Source: Bloom and Fawcett. 1975. A Textbook of Histology. 10th Edition.
As Observed at TEM LevelAs Observed at LM Level
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Lobule organization in the liver
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HEPATIC LOBULE in pig liver
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Bile Duct
HepaticArteriole
Hepatic Portal Venule
PORTAL TRIAD
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Source: Bloom and Fawcett. 1975. A Textbook of Histology. 10th Edition.
HEPATIC LOBULE
Hepatic cords/
hepatic plates
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STRUCTURE-FUNCTION RELATIONSHIPS WITHIN HEPATIC LOBULE
Source: Ham. 1957. Histology. 3rd Edition.
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3-D reconstruction of liver lobule organization
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HEPATOCYTES (as seen by LM)
Hepatic cord/hepatic plate
Hepatic sinusoids
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Cells associated with liver sinusoids
(phagocytic)
(store vitamin A, produce collagen
in space of Disse)
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STRUCTURE-FUNCTION RELATIONSHIPS WITHIN HEPATIC LOBULE
Source: Ham. 1957. Histology. 3rd Edition.
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Bile caniculiare formed by
adjacent
hepatocytes
and eventually
empty into the
bile duct branches in
the portal triads
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E
Bile caniculiare formed by
adjacent
hepatocytes
and eventually
empty into the
bile duct branches in
the portal triads
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Bile Duct
HepaticArteriole
Hepatic Portal Venule
PORTAL TRIAD
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Bile duct and gall bladder
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Wall structure of the gall bladder
Mucosa
simple columnar
epithelium with
apical microvilli
and lateral
intercellular
spaces
lamina propria of
loose FECT
mucous glands
may be present,
mostly in the neck
region
Muscularis externa
bundled smooth
muscle without
clear layers
Adventitia or serosa
loose FECT +/-
mesothelium
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The epithelium of the gall bladder
sometimes extends as a
series of tubular channels or
sinuses into the muscularis. These
channels may become infected.
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Gall bladder epithelial
cells extract water from
bile by actively
transporting sodium
into the intercellular
spaces, which causes
water to follow by
osmosis. Cell
morphology changes
dramatically during this
process due to the
osmotic changes
around the cells.