Bill Bill ClintonClinton1993--20011993--2001DemocratDemocratArkansasArkansas

Vp: Vp: Al GoreAl Goreborn: born: August August

19, 1946 19, 1946 (age 62)(age 62)

FYI:The first Baby

Boomer president

Election of ‘92Election of ‘92o Democrat William

Clinton, Arkansas gov (43.0% of the vote) o Republican incumbent

George H. W. Bush (37.4% of the vote) o Billionaire populist H.

Ross Perot ran as an independent

(18.9% of the vote)

o Bush lost popularity by breaking his 1988 campaign pledge against raising taxes. Remember: “Read My Lips…”

o The economy had sunk into recession, and the president's perceived best strength, foreign policy, was regarded as much less important following the collapse of the Soviet Union and the relatively peaceful climate in the Middle East following the defeat of Iraq in the First Gulf War

Why’d Bush lose???Why’d Bush lose???

19921992

***In the 1990’s, the US had highest health care costs in the world while being the only major democracy with a large % of the population still lacking basic medical insurance. o Healthcare was one of the highest priorities of Clinton, who set up the Task Force on Nat’l Health Care, chaired by 1st Lady Hillary

Healthcare Reforms - 1993Healthcare Reforms - 1993

o Announced plan to Congress on Sept 22, ‘93.

o Required each US citizen and permanent resident to enroll in a qualified health plan; could not leave that plan until

covered by another o Unpopular due to its complexity and the

fact that Americans suspected this plan would cause an increase in

taxes. oHis “plan” wasDefeated in Congress.Because of a fear of A tax increase

"Don't Ask, Don't Tell" "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" policypolicy

o Clinton's attempt to fulfill a campaign promise of allowing openly gay men and lesbians serving in the armed forces was the subject of criticism.

[criticism for being too tentative in promoting gay rights and for being too insensitive to

military life.] o Congress - which has sole power under the

U.S. Constitution to regulate the armed forces - implemented the "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" policy, stating that homosexual men and women may serve in the military as long as their sexuality is kept secret.

Family and Medical Leave Family and Medical Leave ActAct

o Shortly after taking office, Clinton signed the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993, which

required large employers to allow their employees to take unpaid leave because of pregnancy,

adoption of a child, or serious medical condition.

NAFTANAFTAo Clinton promoted another controversial

issue during this period regarding free trade.

o 1993: Clinton supported the North American Free Trade Agreement for ratification by the U.S.

Senate. NAFTA called for eliminating many of the tariffs set on products traded among the United States, Canada and Mexico

1992 Presidential 1992 Presidential Election – Ross Perot Election – Ross Perot

talking about????talking about????o http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x

Q7kn2-GEmM

Janet RenoJanet Reno

oFirst (and to date, only) female Attorney General of the U.S.

oServed from 1993-2001 (both terms of Clinton)

World Trade World Trade Center Center

BombingBombing

o On February 26, 1993, a massive bomb exploded in the parking garage of the north tower of the World Trade Center building in New York City, killing six people and leaving a crater six stories deep in the building's basement floors

o Planned by a group of terrorists of Middle Eastern descent; Ramzi Yousef is known as the “mastermind”

o A new form of international terrorism had emerged that was not state-sponsored: NO COUNTRY COULD BE HELD RESPONSIBLE

o consisted of "loose networks" of militant Muslims

Waco,TX/ Branch Davidian Waco,TX/ Branch Davidian SectSect

o Religious sect descended from Seventh Day Adventists- suspected of inappropriate sexual encounters with children on ranch

o On February 28, 1993, the US Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms attempted to search the Branch Davidian ranch at Mount Carmel, a property located nine miles outside Waco, Texas. An exchange of gunfire resulted in the deaths of four agents and six Davidians. A subsequent 51-day siege by the Federal Bureau of Investigation ended on April 19 when fire destroyed the compound.

o Approximately 77 cult members, including David Koresh, died in the skirmish, either of gunshot wounds or from the fire.

o The FBI was criticized for what were seen as heavy-handed tactics to end the siege and newly-appointed Attorney General Janet Reno was forced to defend her decision to use tanks and tear gas

SomaliaSomaliao 1991: Civil War widespread famine and

deatho 1992: UN sends monitors to oversee ceasefireo Dec 1992: US sent troops to help secure

the UN’s humanitarian efforts in Somaliao Clinton will continue the US assistance but

will try to limit US involvemento Oct 3, 4: 18 US soldiers died in the Battle

of Mogadishu; all American combat forces were ordered home by March 31.

Whitewater ScandalWhitewater Scandalo Political controversy over the real

estate dealings of Bill and Hillary Clinton and their associates Jim and Susan McDougal in the Whitewater Development Corporation, a failed business venture in the 1970s and 1980s In Arkansas

**Conclusion? “Insufficient evidence” to charge the Clintons with criminal wrongdoing

OJ Simpson VerdictOJ Simpson Verdict

o October, 1995o Most publicized criminal trial (8 months long) in American history (up until Casey Anthony…)

Oklahoma City BombingOklahoma City Bombingo April 19, 1995: a truck bomb destroyed a federal building in OK City, killing 168 peopleo destroyed about half of the building,

damaged/destroyed 300 other buildings, and was felt as far as 30 miles away

o Timothy McVeigh was charged with the crime (most likely reason was he was mad at the government for the Waco incident ** and he was coo-coo. coo-coo) and was executed on June 11, 2001

o Accomplice Terry Nichols was sentenced to life in prison

o Largest act of US terrorism until 9-11

Timothy McVeigh, 26

OK City bombing memorial

Bombing CasualtiesBombing Casualtieso The toll eventually reached 168 confirmed dead,

not including an unmatched leg that might be from a possible, unidentified 169th victim. Of these, 160 were killed in the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building, four people in the Athenian Building, one woman in a parking lot across the street, a man and woman in the Oklahoma Water Resources building, and a rescue worker struck in the head by debris. The victims ranged in age from three months to seventy-three, not including unborn children of three pregnant women. Nineteen of the victims were children, including fifteen who were in the America's Kids Day Care Center

1996 presidential 1996 presidential electionelection

o [D] Bill Clinton/Al Gore (49.2% of pop vote)

o [R] Bob Dole/Jack Kemp (40.7% of pop vote)

o Reform candidate Ross Perot (8.4%)

o Clinton is the first Democrat to win reelection to the presidency since Franklin Roosevelt; he benefited from an economy which recovered from the early 1990's recession and a relatively stable world stage

Election of 1996Election of 1996

UnabomberUnabomberTheodore “Ted” Kaczynski

is an American mathematician who carried out a campaign of bombings and mail bombings which killed three people and wounded 23.

His brother recognized his picture and turned him in

Why?- CRAZY!!! Mad at US Government

Atlanta Olympics BombingAtlanta Olympics Bombingo The Centennial Olympic Park bombing was a

terrorist bombing on July 27, 1996 in Atlanta, Georgia during the 1996 Summer Olympics, the first of four committed by Eric Robert Rudolph. Two people died, and 111 were injured.

o Why? Revealing his motives for the first time, Eric Robert Rudolph blames the death and violence behind the four bombings he's confessed to in Georgia and Alabama on the legalization of abortion and "aberrant sexual behavior."

o All the wierdo’s in 1 place!!! Rudolph will likely serve his time at a "supermax" federal prison in Florence, Colorado, which also houses "Unabomber" Ted Kaczynski and Ramzi Yousef, mastermind of the 1993 World Trade Center bombing. There is no parole in the federal prison system.

State of the EconomyState of the Economy

We benefited from an economy which recovered from the early 1990's recession

Clinton ImpeachmentClinton Impeachmento 1998: 2nd president to be

impeached by the House of Representatives (the other being Andrew Johnson).

o Two charges against him were for perjury and obstruction of justice. The perjury charge arose from Clinton's testimony about his relationship to Monica Lewinsky during a sexual harassment lawsuit (later dismissed, appealed and settled for $850,000) brought by former Arkansas-state employee Paula Jones. The obstruction charge was based on his actions during the investigation of that testimony. Acquitted by Senate

Dan Rather repeatedly said the Democratic argument that Kenneth Starr's investigation of the Monica Lewinsky matter was about Bill Clinton's personal life and sex. He chooses not to relay the Republican view that Clinton may have committed perjury or obstruction of justice.

Paula Jones; Clinton

Monica Lewinsky; Clinton

Panama Canal ReturnedPanama Canal ReturnedoDec 31, 1999: Panama Canal

became under sole control of Panama

o U.S. gave the canal to them freely, in return for the guarantee that the canal would remain neutral and that the U.S. would have continued access to it.

Pearl High School Pearl High School ShootingsShootings

o 1st High School Shooting – Luke Woodham (mentally unstable)

o The killings....Oct. 1,1997 Luke Woodham stabbed his mother to death, and then went to Pearl High School with a rifle. He shot and killed Christina Menefee, 16, and Lydia Dew, 17. Then, he shot seven other students.

o  As he left, another student cut his car off, then Assistant Principal Joel Myrick ran up, sticking his .45 pistol in Woodham's face, and then police came.

oThe mastermind of the Pearl High School shooting was Justin Sledge.

Columbine HS shootingsColumbine HS shootingso April 20, 1999: Littleton, Coloradoo Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold went on a

shooting rampage, killing 12 students, one teacher, and themselves

o Aftermath: much discussion concerning the nature of high school cliques and bullying, as well

as the role of violent movies and video games.

U.S.S. ColeU.S.S. Coleo Oct 12, 2000: suicide bomber attack

against US navy ship; 17 sailors killed

o Attack was ordered and carried out by bin Laden’s al-Qaeda organization; in March ‘07, Sudan was also declared responsible

42. George Walker 42. George Walker BushBush

2001- 2009 (R)2001- 2009 (R)

Birth/Death: 1946-1946-Elected from: TexasTexasVice President: Dick CheneyDick Cheney

o FL’s 25 electoral votes were in question. o Bush led the popular vote in FL by < 2,000. o FL law required a recount. o Supreme Court

– December 12, 2000– Bush v. Gore awarded FL to Bush.– 1st president in over 100 years to win electoral

vote, but not the popular.

The 2000 Election/ Supreme Court The 2000 Election/ Supreme Court InterventionIntervention

o Nominee: George W. Bush Albert A. Gore

o Party: RepublicanDemocratic

o Home state: Texas Tennessee o Running mate: Cheney Liebermano Electoral vote: 271 266o States carried: 30 20+DCo Popular vote: 50,460,110

51,003,926o Percentage: 47.9% 48.4%

o 8 months into Bush’s first termo 19 terrorists (under bin Laden’s

orders) o 2 airline passenger jets into the

Twin Towers (NYC)o 1 into the Pentagon (DC), and one on

way to DC that was taken over by passengers and crashed in PA.

o 3,000 Americans die within an hour and a half. Rudy Giuliani becomes “America’s Mayor.”

Sept. 11, 2001Sept. 11, 2001

o Education plan to increase efforts to fully educate every child.

o Schools are held more accountable (state testing)

o Federal and state governments have increased education spending.

o (This is why the 6 of us are a little stressed out right now. )

No Child Left BehindNo Child Left Behind

Invasion of Invasion of Afghanistan:Afghanistan:o Beginning of George W’s “War

on Terrorism”o Purpose: to capture Osama bin

Laden, destroy al-Qaeda, and remove the Taliban regime which had provided support and safe harbor to al-Qaeda.

o Oct. 7, 2001: US and Great Britain begin strategic air strikes.

o The U.S.-led Coalition is credited with removing the Taliban from power and seriously crippling al-Qaeda and associated militants in both Afghanistan and neighboring Pakistan.

o U.S. has maintained its presence in Afghanistan ever since, fighting continued opposition by Muslim extremists.

USA Patriot Act (2001)USA Patriot Act (2001)o " Uniting and Strengthening America by

Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001"

o The Act expanded the authority of US law enforcement agencies for the stated purpose of fighting terrorism in the United States and abroad.

o Very Controversial- supposedly “suppresses civil liberties”

Enron/ World Com/ Big Enron/ World Com/ Big Business Bankruptcy (2002)Business Bankruptcy (2002)o Enron- Energy Co. out of Houston, TX

– Employs/ Investors lost millions because of accounting fraud

– Inflated profits and assets

o World Com- Telecommunication Co. out of Clinton, MS– CEOs took money (loan) and inflated

assets – Bernie Ebbers: CEO now serving a 25 year

jail sentence!

o Feb. 1, 2003o Caused by damage sustained during

launch when a piece of foam insulation from the external fuel tank peeled off during the launch 16 days earlier, puncturing the edge of the wing.

o Upon re-entry, hot gases entered the wing, destroying the support structure. The shuttle disintegrated over Texas.

Space Shuttle Space Shuttle ColumbiaColumbia DisasterDisaster

Invasion of Iraq/ Capture of Invasion of Iraq/ Capture of Saddam Hussein (2003)Saddam Hussein (2003)

o March 20, 2003- US and GB forces invade Iraq after the UN would not invade.

o The Iraqi military was defeated, and Baghdad fell on April 9.

o On May 1, U.S. declared the end of major combat operations, terminating the Ba’ath’s party rule and removing Iraqi President Saddam Hussein from office.

o Coalition forces ultimately captured Saddam Hussein on Dec. 13, 2003.

Presidential Election of Presidential Election of 20042004

o [R] GW Bush (TX)/ Cheney- 286 electoral voteso [D] John Kerry (MA)/ John Edwards-

251 electoral voteso Issue- WAR ON TERROR

US hands over power to US hands over power to Iraqi Interim Gov’t (2004)Iraqi Interim Gov’t (2004)

o US and Coalition Allies created this gov’t as a “caretaker” gov’t to govern Iraq

o Iraq has continued to see several different gov’ts over the past 4 years.

Interim President Sheikh Ghazi al-Yawar, right, is sworn in Monday by Iraqi Chief Justice Midhat Al-Mahmodi.

o Undersea earthquake inUndersea earthquake in

Indian Ocean Indian Ocean o Killed 225,000 people in 11 Killed 225,000 people in 11

countriescountrieso Former presidents Former presidents Clinton and GHW Clinton and GHW Bush led relief effortsBush led relief efforts

Dec. 26, 2004- Tsunami Dec. 26, 2004- Tsunami

Social Security Problems Social Security Problems (2005)(2005)

o Soc Sec was in fear of bankruptcy Soc Sec was in fear of bankruptcy (people are living longer!!!)(people are living longer!!!)

o W. suggested allowing citizens to W. suggested allowing citizens to take Soc Sec taxes and place take Soc Sec taxes and place them in secured investments.them in secured investments.

o Plan did not catch onPlan did not catch ono Dems gain control of Congress in Dems gain control of Congress in

2006- social security is still in 2006- social security is still in jeopardy.jeopardy.

o In 1950, there were 16 workers to support every one beneficiary of Social Security.

o Today, there are only 3.3 workers supporting every Social Security beneficiary.

o In 2008 – just three short years from now – baby boomers will begin to retire. And over the next few decades, people will be living longer and benefits are scheduled to increase dramatically. By the time today’s youngest workers turn 65, there will only be 2 workers supporting each beneficiary.

Under the current system, today’s 30-year-old worker will face a 27% benefit cut when he or she reaches normal retirement age.

Hurricane Katrina (2005)Hurricane Katrina (2005)

There’s gonna be a lot of wurter!

Did somebody say something about buses?

o August 23, 2005- Category 5August 23, 2005- Category 5o Costliest and one of deadliest Costliest and one of deadliest in historyin historyo Gulf CoastGulf Coasto Over 1800 people killedOver 1800 people killedo Haley and RayHaley and Ray

Saddam Hussein is convicted & Saddam Hussein is convicted & hanged (2006)hanged (2006)

o Dec. 13, ’03: Captured by U.S. forces Dec. 13, ’03: Captured by U.S. forces o Brought to trial under the Iraqi Brought to trial under the Iraqi

interim government set up by U.S.-led interim government set up by U.S.-led forces.forces.

o Nov. 5,’06: Convicted of executing Nov. 5,’06: Convicted of executing 148 Iraqi Shi'ites 148 Iraqi Shi'ites sentenced to sentenced to death by hanging. death by hanging.

o Dec. 30, ’06: ExecutedDec. 30, ’06: Executed

Bush Vetoes Bush Vetoes stem-cell research - stem-cell research - ‘06‘06

o "This bill would support the "This bill would support the taking of innocent human lifetaking of innocent human life in the hope of finding medical benefits in the hope of finding medical benefits

for others," …"It crosses a moral for others," …"It crosses a moral boundary that our decent society needs boundary that our decent society needs to respect. So I vetoed it." to respect. So I vetoed it."

o The Stem Cell Bill would have loosened The Stem Cell Bill would have loosened the restrictions on federal funding for the restrictions on federal funding for stem-cell research. stem-cell research.

o House Republican leaders tried to House Republican leaders tried to override the veto, but that vote fell short override the veto, but that vote fell short of the necessary two-thirds majority. of the necessary two-thirds majority.

(above) President Bush holds a child who was adopted while an embryo.

Hezbollah/Lebanon/Hezbollah/Lebanon/Israel (2006)Israel (2006)

a 34-day military conflict in Lebanon and northern Israel. The principal parties were Hezbollah paramilitary forces and the Israeli

military. (The conflict started on 12 July 2006, and continued

until a United Nations-brokered ceasefire went into effect in the morning on 14 August 2006, though it formally ended on 8 September 2006 when Israel lifted its naval blockade of Lebanon.) The conflict began when Hezbollah militants purposely fired rockets at Israeli border towns