Bill Clinton -Foreign Policy

Clinton as a Peacemaker

Al GoreVice President

Madeline Albright2nd Secretary of State

Key Foreign Policy Advisers

NAFTA North American Free Trade Agreement

• Created largest free trade zone

Jobs– Lost 127,000 (beginning)– Created 2.5 million (end)

• Traded doubled between countries

Oslo Accords

Israel and the PLO

Oslo Accords• Created Palestinian

Authority (PA)– West Bank– Gaza Strip

Treaty of Peace Israel and Jordan

• Normalized relations between the 2 countries

• US forgave a billion debt from Jordan

Military Coup in Haiti (1991)

Haitian Boat People

Haiti (1994)

Jimmy Carter Colin Powell

Operation Uphold Democracy

Jean-Bertrand Aristide returned to power 1994

North Korea

Kim Il Sung (Died 1994)

Kim Jong Il -The Dear LeaderWanted World Respect

Making Nuclear Weapons

North Korea –Agreed Framework (October 21, 1994)

North Korea– Will freeze and dismantle

nuclear bomb making capability

– Inspectors permitted

United States– Provided $4 billion in aid

• Oil• Light-water nuclear reactors

Kim Jong Il -The Dear Leader• Has $4 billion in Swiss

bank accounts

• Owns 8 worldwide villas

• Bought 200 Mercedes S Class cars -$100,000

(1998)

• Owns over 200,000 movies

Vietnam

• Embargo lifted–February 3, 1994

• Recognition–July 11, 1995

Vietnam –Official Visit November 16, 2000

Yugoslavia “The powder keg of Europe”

• 6 republics• 5 nations• 4 languages• 3 religions• 2 alphabets• 1 political party

Communist Josip Tito Died 1980

Break up of YugoslaviaIndependence

• Slovenia – June 25, 1991

• Croatia– June 25, 1991

• Macedonia– Sept. 8, 1991

• Bosnia- Herzegovina– April 6,1992

Serbia President Slobodan Milosevic

“The Butcher of the Balkans”

• “Where ever there is a Serb, there is Serbia.”

• Sent Serbian forces to “protect” Serbs in other

areas.– Croatia (1991)

– Bosnia-Herzegovina (1992)

Srebrenica, Bosnia July 13 – 22, 1995

• UN safe haven

• nearly 8,000 men and boys executed

• Hundreds of woman raped

Operation Deliberate Force August 30 – September 20, 1995

• Military Action to pressure Milosevic to

negotiate

• First NATO military action

(3,515 sorties)

Dayton Accords December 14, 1995

• Ended the fighting in Bosnia

Good Friday Agreement April 10, 1998

• IRA agreed to the “cessation” all military

action• Political compromises

Ballybunion, Ireland

Russian-American Relations

The Cold War: Part II?

Feels LikeContainment

New NATO Members• Czech Republic

• Hungary• Poland

Permanent Joint Council

Warheads

US: 3,500Russia: 2,997

START II (2000)

Fighting Terrorism

Foreign Terrorist Attacks

Khobar Towers(Saudi Arabia)June 25, 1996

• 19 killed• 372 wounded

Dar es Salaam, Tanzania August 7, 1998

• 213 killed• over 4,000 wounded

Nairobi, Kenya August 7, 1998

• 11 killed• 77 wounded

USS Cole (October 12, 2000) Adem, Yemen

• 17 killed• 39 wounded

Osama bin Laden

andAl Qaeda

Clinton and Military Action

Problems with Hussein and Iraq

Operation Bushwhacker June 26, 1993

Problem: Attempted assassination attempt by Hussein’s forces against President George H. W. Bush

SUCCESS (I Guess?)

Operation Desert Strike September 3, 1996

Problem: 40,000 Iraqi troops gathered on the northern border of No Fly Zone

SUCCESS: Iraqi Army withdrew from No Fly Zone Border

Operation Desert Fox December 16 – 19, 1998

Problem: Hussein did not allow weapons inspectors access

SUCCESS

• over 100 targets

destroyed set back

programs a year

FAILURE

• Hussein still did not let UN

weapons inspectors

back into Iraq

Somalia Operation Restore Hope

Mohammed Farah Aidid

Somalia –Operation Gothic Serpent October 3-4, 1993

19 killed, 84 wounded

Presidential Decision Directive 25

United States isleaving the

mission to theUnited Nations

BlackhawkDown(2001)

Rwanda –Hutu vs. Tutsi

800,000 killed in89 days

April – July, 1994

Fighting Terrorism

Operation Infinite Reach August 20, 1998

Sudan Afghanistan

Memorandum of Notification

Clinton gave theorder to the CIA

to use lethalforce to kill bin Laden

Back to the BalkansDayton Accords

-stopped Serbian forces in Bosnia

Slobodan Milosevic attacked Ethnic

Albanians in

Kosovo

The Kosovo War Operation Allied Force

March 24 – June 10, 1999

Clinton Doctrine• “Genocide is in

and of itself a national interest where we should

act.”• “. . . and if it’s within our power to stop, we will

stop it.”

Operation Allied Force

General Wesley Clark

Operation Allied Force

• Over 38,000 sorties– 2 planes hit

– No war deaths

• All 19 NATO members had to

agree to bombing targets

• No ground troops

Operation Allied Force• Dogfight –Yugoslav

fighter engaged by 24 NATO fighters

• 99.6% of 20,000 bombs and missiles

hit their targets (DOD)

• Hit Chinese embassy– 3 killed

President Slobodan Milosevic

• Arrested April 1, 2001

• Trial February 12, 2002

• Died March 11, 2006

• Died Again March 6, 2007

You Got a Friend in Pristina

Dedicated Nov 2, 2009

It’s not so foreign, anymore!