Biblical A26 Student

8/12/2019 Biblical A26 Student

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Unit 26391

Unit 26

Translating Yiqtol, Con't

Unit Description:In this unit we will continue with the questions concerning the meaning and the translation of the

Yiqtolform. We will discover how this form performs in different sentences and how Hebrew is

different from English in this point.

15New Words in this Unit

390Total New Words


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Unit 26392

Vocabulary

Category Hebrew Transliteration Pronunciation English

ht ahot sister (f.s.) bmh bama high place (f.s.) bal bal owner, lord,

husband (m.s.)

zra zra arm, shoulder,strength (f.s.)

Nouns

abbt shabat sabbath (b.s.) ahb ahav Ahab liyyh eliyhu Elijah l elisha Elisha

Proper

Nouns

bal bal Baal erm esrim twenty

Numbers

lm shloshim thirty bhar bahar he chose hlh halah he was weak,

he was sick

krat karat he cut (off/down)*Verbs

rap saraf he burnedm. = masculine f. = feminine b. = both m. and f. s. = singular

* The expression he cut a covenant means he made a covenant.


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Unit 26393

Slides from the Unit


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Unit 26394


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Unit 26395


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Unit 26396


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Unit 26

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Unit 26400

Grammatical Remarks

In this unit we continue our study of the Yiqtol verb (the prefix conjugation) by examining the

common ways in which this verb might be translated in various contexts.

Translating Yiqtol

As discussed previously, the Yiqtolform (like other Hebrew verbs) does not have an exact

parallel tense in English. In part because Hebrew has fewer verb forms than English, the single

Hebrew verb form Yiqtolcovers the uses of several different English forms. Remember also that

Hebrew uses a relative verbal system in which each verb form takes its meaning from its

relationship to other verbs in its context. The uses of the Yiqtolverb in biblical Hebrew come

under two main categories:

1. Posterior Action The Yiqtol verb expresses what we call a posterior relationship, i.e.it speaks of an action that occurs after (or in the future relative to) something else in its

context. We must look at the context to see which verb or event the Yiqtol verb is

posterior to (i.e. which verb or event it occurs after), and understand the meaning of the

verb accordingly. As discussed in Unit 25, this often means that we can translate a Yiqtol

verb, especially in direct speech, with the simple future tense or as a conditional.

However, when theYiqtolform appears in the context of a past tense narrative, the

translation is more difficult. Different contexts may require this verb to be translated

coulddo, woulddo, was todo, shoulddo, mightdo, etc. The point is that the

Yiqtolaction happens after something else.

2. Habitual / Repeated ActionYiqtol is also used for any habitual or repeated action.This includes the language of the law (Unit 25), commands meant to be continually

followed.

General Truth, Habitual Present Habitual present is used for an action that isrepeated over a period of time, beginning in the past and extending into the future,

e.g. He readsthe newspaper every morning. Likewise, a general truth is true not

only in the present, but also at any point in the past or in the future. It is often seen

in proverbial phrases such as, A bribe blindsthose who see (Exodus 23:8). In

both cases, the Yiqtol verb may be translated in English with the simple present. Past Iterative The Yiqtolform may also be used in the context of a past tense

narrative for repeated or continued action in the past (English: he used todo or

he woulddo). This is very similar to the habitual present; the only difference

between them is that with the past iterative, the action occurs and is repeated only

in the past.


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Unit 26401

Homework

1. Using the Unit 26 vocabulary list, fill in the crossword puzzle below with the

correct Hebrew words. Each square will hold one consonant or vowel letter

(mater lectionis); disregard the vowel pointing.

1.

.3 .2 4.

6.

5.

7.

2. Translate the following phrases from Hebrew into English.

(1 Kgs. 17:17)

after these things, the son ofthe woman became sick

(2 Kgs. 10:19) (Deut. 16:2)

(2 Sam. 3:13) (1 Kgs. 19:1)

(1 Kgs. 3:4)

(Josh. 6:24)

Across:2. Elisha

5. owner

6. arm

7. sabbath

Down:

1. Ahab

2. sister

3. twenty

4. thirty


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Unit 26402

3. Write the appropriate form of the Yiqtolverb for each subject in thesentences below, then translate.

(Isa. 6:8)Whom shall I send?

Whom shall the LORDsend?. .

. . . . . .


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Unit 26404

Homework Answers

1. Using the Unit 26 vocabulary list, fill in the crossword puzzle below with the

correct Hebrew words. Each square will hold one consonant or vowel letter

(mater lectionis); disregard the vowel pointing.

1..3

2. .4

.6 5.

.7

2. Translate the following phrases from Hebrew into English.

(1 Kgs. 17:17)

after these things, the son of the

woman became sick

(2 Kgs. 10:19) all the prophets of Baal (Deut. 16:2) in the place that the LORDwill choose

(2 Sam. 3:13) I will make a covenant with you (1 Kgs. 19:1) everything that Elijah did

(1 Kgs. 3:4) for it was the great high place

(Josh. 6:24)

and they burned the city and

everything that was in it

Across:

2. Elisha

5. owner

6. arm

7. sabbath

Down:

1. Ahab2. sister

3. twenty

4. thirty


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Unit 26405

3. Write the appropriate form of the Yiqtolverb for each subject in thesentences below, then translate.

Whom shall the LORDsend? Whom shall you (m.s.) send? Whom shall the kings send? Whom shall we send? Whom shall you (f.s.) send? Whom shall the queens send? Whom shall you (m.p.) send? Whom shall Naomi send? Whom shall you (f.p.) send?

4. Write the number of the correct translation after each phrase, paying attention

to how the Yiqtolform is translated in each context.

(Jdg. 13:18) 3 (1 Sam. 2:25) 1 (2 Chr. 19:6) 2

... (Jdg. 12:1) 5 (Deut. 16:20) 4

(2 Chr. 1:10) 7 (Num. 18:22) 8

(Hos. 2:20) 6

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