BELLWORK• Read pgs. 480-481 & answer the following:

1. What is imperialism?

2. Describe the three key factors of imperialism in the late 1800’s.

3. How did European powers compete with each other to control colonies?

4. Why did European powers want to establish foreign markets?

5. THINKER: In your opinion, is imperialism more of an advantage or disadvantage? Explain!

Imperialism in Africa• As you know, one of the most profitable continents in the

1800’s was Africa.• African resources included rubber, copper, gold, coffee, coal,

and oil.• Make a prediction – what will European powers do once they

realize the tremendous profit available in Africa?• European powers begin to colonize African states

IMPERIALISM• This led to a wave of European exploitation of African

resources, land, and people. The rivalries between European countries over control in Africa is one of the main causes of WWI.

Imperialism in Africa• Today we are going to focus on three main events

regarding Imperialism in Africa:• Gold Rush in Africa (pg. 487)• Colonization of Africa (pgs. 483-487)• Building of Suez Canal (pg. 484) • While reading section 2, complete the graphic

organizer for these three events.• Include important people and the outcome.• The Africa section is due next class!

Map of Africa

50 countries

A-18

BELLWORK: Imperialism in Africa1. Who was David Livingstone? Why was he important?

2. How did the journeys of Livingstone and Stanley affect European imperialism?

3. Why did the British first settle in Africa? How did the Boers respond to this? (487)

4. What was the outcome of the Anglo-Boer War?

5. Who was Muhammad Ali? Was he a successful ruler? Why or why not?

6. Explain the building of the Suez Canal. How did it impact foreign involvement in Egypt?

In 1885, 14 nations met in Berlin and agreed to partition (divide) “this

magnificent African cake” (Belgian King Leopold II)

By 1914, Europeans controlled 90% of the

continent.

In order to understand these partitions, you will

create a division of Africa map.

Imperialism in Americas• During the 1800’s, America was expanding and

fighting for control over territories.• One major event was the Spanish-American War• Both sides were competing for control of foreign

markets.• Complete your graphic organizer for the following

events:

1. Monroe Doctrine (pg. 497)

2. Spanish-American War (pg. 498)

America Becoming a World Power• Japan had not traded with a Western power for 250

years, but had great coal deposits.

• Open Door Policy: Commodore Matthew Perry sailed to Tokyo and “opened” or negotiated trade. The growth of Asian markets stimulated the U.S. economy.

• 1867 – U.S. seized the Midway Islands in the Pacific (strategic for trade with China & Japan)

• 1867 – U.S. buys Alaska from Russia

• Gold, copper, and oil are discovered in Alaska.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/Starr_080531-4733_Midway_Island_Cable_station_building_%28nb_643%29_in_May_2008_with_cocos_nucifera.jpg

Causes of the Spanish-American War• Background:• Cuba had struggled for 30 years over independence from

Spain.• Some argued Cuba was part of the U.S. - geographically close

& great economic potential (sugar)• 1895 – Cuban rebels launched a fight for independence.

Spanish retaliated by placing them in concentration camps.• 1896 – McKinley elected President; openly supports Cuban

independence. • February 1898: Explosion of U.S.S. Maine – American’s blame

Spain (actually was a coal fire)

End of the Spanish American War• After the U.S. won, Spain signed an armistice (cease-

fire).

• In October 1898, both countries signed the Paris Peace Treaty

– Spain granted Independence to Cuba, Guam, Puerto Rico and the Philippines to the U.S. for $20 million.

• Caused the collapse of the Spanish Empire

• Cuba and Philippines eventually were given complete independence but Puerto Rico and Guam remain U.S. territories.

Importance of Spanish-American War

• America was now considered a “superpower”• Makes foreign powers recognize American

military/political strength• U.S. now establishes foreign markets• U.S. is able to establish military bases

around the world

Construction of CanalsSuez Canal (1859) Panama Canal (1904)

Imperialism in Asia• Just like Africa, Asia was also very profitable to

European powers.• Asian resources included cotton, tin, tea, coffee, and

silk. • Complete your imperialism graphic organizer for the

following events:

1. Sepoy Rebellion (pg. 489)

2. Opium War (pg. 491)

3. Formation of United League (pg. 492)

BELLWORK: Block 21. What was the Monroe Doctrine?

2. Define protectorate.

3. What is a sphere of influence? How would this benefit the imperial powers?

4. What was the Open Door Policy?

5. Who were the Meiji? (pg.493)

6. What was the goal of the United League?

***When you are finished, color-code your Asia map using pgs. 490-491. Seven colors! Create a key!

Imperialism Review• The class will be divided into seven groups.• Each group will represent a different example of imperialism from the time

period.• Your task is to use your knowledge of the event and create a “graffiti

board” for review.• Since this is review, make sure it covers the main points/ideas/people

from each topic. You are responsible for re-teaching the event to the class• It is up to you how you represent the event…. Pictures, text, key words,

flow chart, etc.• Do NOT just copy paragraphs of information – everything should be

summarized and to the point!• Each group member must contribute!

Imperialism Groups• Anglo-Boer War: British rule in Africa, Gold Rush, causes/effects of war,

creation of South Africa (487)• Spanish-American War: Spanish rule in Cuba, causes/effects of war,

impact on the U.S. (498)• Construction of Canals: causes/effects of Suez Canal (484) causes/effects

of Panama Canal (500)• Sepoy Rebellion: British rule in India, Causes/Effects of Rebellion, Indian

Nationalism (489-490)• Opium Wars: Causes/Effects of war, unequal treaties, spheres of influence

(490-491)• United League: Chinese responses to Western imperialism, revolution of

1911, formation of the league and its goals (491-492)• Open Door Policy: Modernization of Japan, Positives/negatives of the

Policy, Meiji rule, Japan as a world power (492-494)

Sepoy Rebellion• British vs. Sepoys (Indian soldiers)• May 10, 1857• Considered India’s First War of

Independence• At the time, India was ruled by the

British East India Company• Rebellion led to the end of the

company, but Britain established a new financial system, and government ruled by a viceroy (representative of the monarch)

• British repression of the Indians led to decades of resentment

Opium War• Chinese vs. British• Chinese disputed British control of trade and government

– British restricted trade to one port and prohibited foreign entrance to China

• Trade was imbalanced and China was making more money, so Britain smuggled opium to trade for Chinese tea, silk, and porcelain.

• Alarmed at number of addicts, Chinese government taxed opium, arrested dealers, and destroyed opium dens.

• Britain was angry that the Chinese government was taking over their trade (even though it was illegal) and sent forces to China.

• Very brutal conflict – a lot of civilian deaths• Treaty of Nanking: took away civilian rights, legalized the opium trade, and

gave rights to foreigners • Later became known as the “unequal treaty” and the period is referred to in

China as the “Century of Humiliation”

United League• Underground resistance

movement• Composed of several

different revolutionary groups that aligned together to drive out foreign influence

• Formed by Sun Yat-Sen in 1905

• Goal: modernize China, improve economy, get rid of foreign powers = democracy!

• Revolt was successful• Hundred Days of Reform:

Emperor Guangxu modernized the government

Imperialism Political Cartoons• During the 1800’s, journalists started using

political cartoons to express their opinions

• Each of the following political cartoons has a deeper meaning with regards to foreign powers and control

• Analyze each political cartoon and be ready to discuss

• Look for symbols, colors, wording, etc.

Imperialism Crossword Review• To review all important concepts, people,

events and vocabulary about imperialism, you are going to complete a crossword puzzle.

• Use all notes, handouts, and textbook! Pages 480-491

• Follow directions! Use pencil!