Beaver Wood Pownal 248 Filing: No. 8H - Pre-Filed Testimony of Charles Knight SD

8/8/2019 Beaver Wood Pownal 248 Filing: No. 8H - Pre-Filed Testimony of Charles Knight SD

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STATE OF VERMONTPUBLIC SERVICE BOARD

Petition of Beaver Wood Energy Pownal, LLC )for a Certificate of Public Good , pursuant to 30 )V.S.A. 248, to install and operate a Biomass )Energy Facility and an integrated wood pellet ) Docket Nomanufacturing facility located north of the old )Green Mountain Racetrack in Pownal, Vermont, )to be known as the Pownal Biomass Project )

PRE-FILED TESTIMONY OFCHARLES KNIGHT, Ph.D.ON BEHALF OFBEAVER WOOD ENERGY POWNAL, LLC

October 25, 2010

The purpose of the pre-filed testimony ofMr. Knight is to demonstrate that the proposedPownal Biomass Project will comply with certain provisions of 30 V.S.A. 248 (b)(5),namely those pertaining to archeological concerns.


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Introduction. 12. Summary of Findings .23. Conclusion 3

EXHIBITSPetitioners Exhibit CK-1 Resum of Charles KnightPetitioners Exhibit CK-2 Archaeological Resources Assessment Report


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Petition of Beaver Wood Energy Pownal, LLC )for a Certificate of Public Good , pursuant to 30 )V.S.A. 248, to install and operate a Biomass )Energy Facility and an integrated wood pellet ) Docket Nomanufacturing facility located north of the old )Green Mountain Racetrack in Pownal, Vermont, )to be known as the Pownal Biomass Project )

PRE-FILED TESTIMONY OFCHARLES KNIGHT, Ph.D.ON BEHALF OFBEAVER WOOD ENERGY POWNAL, LLC

1. Introduction2 Qi. Please state your name, business address an d employment.3 Al. M y name is Charles L.F. Knight, PhD, and I am the assistant director of the4 University of Vermonts Consulting Archaeology Program. M y business ad dre ss5 is 180 Colchester Avenue, Burlington, Vermont. M y flail resum is provided as6 Petitioners Exhibit CK - 1.

7 Q2 . Please describe your educational background and professional experience.8 A2. I have a Ph.D . in Anthropology, from the University of Pittsburgh, an d I ha ve9 been working for 10 years as the Assistant Director of the Consulting

10 Archaeology Program at the University of Vermont.11

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Pownal Biomass Project, PSB Docket No.Prefiled Testimony of Charles Knight, PhDOctober 25, 2010Page 2 of 3

I Q3. Wiat is the purpose of your testimony?2 443. The purpose of my testimony is to demonstrate that the Pownal Biomass Project3 (the Project) satisfies the requirements of 30 V.S.A. 248(b)(5). Section4 248(b)(5) provides, in pertinent part, that a generation or transmission facility5 should not have an undue adverse effect on water purity or the natural6 environment, with due consideration having been given to the criteria specified in7 10 V.S.A. 1424a (d ) (Outstanding Resource Waters) and 6086(a)(1) through8 (8) and (9)(K) (various Act 250 criteria). My testimony specifically covers9 Archaeological Sites [ 6086(a)(8)].

1011 Q4. Have you testified previously before the Board?12 A4. Yes, I have testified regarding the Georgia Community Wind Project, and the13 Sheffield Wind Project.1415 2. Summary of Findings16 Q5. Based upon your evaluation and analyses, does the Project comply with Section17 248?18 AS. At this point, there is no reason to believe the Project does not comply with19 Section 248, and the applicant currently is conducting archaeological mitigation20 that , when complete, will confirm that the Project will not disturb Hist or ic21 Properties. The University of Vermont Consulting Archaeology Proam (UVM22 CAP) conducted an Archaeological Resources Assessment (ARA) of the Area of


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Pownal Biomass Project, PSB Docket No.Prefiled Testimony of Charles Knight, PhDOctober 25, 2010Page 3 of 3

1 Potential Effects (APE) for the proposed Beaver Wood Energy Project. The ARA2 followed established guidelines and involved a background search, record and3 map research, computer-based predictive modeling, and a field inspection4 including the excavation of 5 trenches. The ARA determined that intact so ils5 exist underneath a layer of historic disturbances. A Phase I site identification6 survey has been recommended and if no sites are identified, then it will be clear7 that the Project will have no effect on Historic Properties. If a site is identified as8 a result of the Phase I study, and cannot be avoided by the proposed Project, then9 a Phase II site evaluation will be recommended of that sit e to determine if it is

10 eligible for inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places. In the event that11 such a site is identified, a determination of possible impacts will be made .12 3. Conclusion13 Q6. Does this conclude your testimony?14 A6. Yes.


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Petition of Beaver Wood Energy Pownal, LLC )for a Certificate of Public Good, pursuant to 30 )V.S.A. 248 , to install and operate a Biomass )Energy Facility and an integrated wood pellet D k Nanufacturing facility located north of the old ) oc e OGreen Mountain Racetrack in Pownal, Vermont, )to be known as the Pownal Biomass Project )

PREFILEP TESTIMONY OFCHARLES KNIGHT, PhD

Exhibit BWEP -CK-- 1Resum


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Charles Knight - CV

Dr. Charles KnightConsulting Archaeology Program111 Delehanty Hall, 180 Coichester Ave.University of VermontBurlington, VT 05405Work: (802) 656-4310Email: [email protected] Fax: (802) 656-8033EducationAwarded Institution Program1999 University of Pittsburgh Anthropology (Ph.D.)1999 University of Pittsburgh Certificate in Latin American Studies1992 University of Calgary Archaeology (BA)Current Positions2001-present: Assistant Director/Senior Researcher: University of Vermonts ConsultingArchaeology Program, Burlington, Vermont2001-present: Adjunct Assistant Professor. Department of Anthropology, University ofVermontPublicationsKnight, Charles L. F.,2010 The Quijos Valley Chipped Stone Assemblage. In Quijos Settlement Dataset.Comparative Archaeology Database, University of Pittsburgh. URL:http://www.cadb.pitt.edu.2010 Precontact Native American settlement along the shores of Malletts Bay:Archaeological Phase III Investigations at the Norbert and Shore Acres sites,Colchester, Vermont The Journal of Vermont Archaeology. 10:1-232007 Palo Errado Patterned Wetland Mapping Project, Veracruz, Mexico. Final reportsubmitted to the Foundation for the Advancement of Mesoamerican Studies .2007 Proyecto de Mapeo de los Campos Inundables de Palo Errado, Veracruz, Mexico.Tempraoda 2005. Informe Final submitted to the Instituto Nacional de

AntropologIa e Historia, Mexico D.F., Mexico.2005 Th e Use and Maintenance of Levanna Style Projectile Points at the Bivouac Sitein Colchester, Vermont. In. The Journal of Vermont Archaeology. 6:13-282003 Obsidian Production. Consumption, and Distribution at Tres Zapotes: PiecingTogether Political Economy. In SettlementArchaeology and Political Economy atTres Zapotes, Veracruz, Mexico. ed. Christopher Pool. UCLA Institute ofArchaeology Occasional Papers. Monograph 50.

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Charles Knight - CV

Knight, Charles L. F. and Michael D. Glascock2010 The Terminal Formative to Classic Period Obsidian Assemblage at Palo Errado,Veracruz, Mexico. Latin American Antiquity . 20(4):507-524Selected Technical ReportsKnight, Charles2010 Archaeological Phase III Data Recovery at the Norbert (VT-CH-942) an d ShoreAcres Drive (VT-CH-943) sites , located in the proposed West Lakeshore DrivePath project area, Colchester, Chittenden County, Vermont. ConsultingArchaeology Program, University of Vermont. Report No. 401.2006 Archaeological Phase III Data Recovery at the Norbert (VT-CH-942) and ShoreAcres Drive (VT-CH-943) sites, located in the proposed West Lakeshore DrivePath project area, Colchester, Chittenden County, Vermont. ConsultingArchaeology Program. University of Vermont. Report No. 401.

Archaeological Phase I Site Identification Survey and Phase II Site EvaluationSurvey for Selected Archaeologically Sensitive Areas at Camp Johnson,Colchester. Chittenden County, Vermont. Consulting Archaeology Program,University of Vennont. Report No. 388.Archaeological Phase I Site Identification Survey, Phase II Site Evaluation andPhase III Data Recovery of the Proposed Brandywine Development Project,Wifliston, Chittenden County, Vermont. Consulting Archaeology Program,University of Vermont. Report No. 363.

2004 Report of the Archaeological Phase II Site Evaluation of site VT-CH-321,Checkerberry Commercial Park, Milton, Chittenden County, Vermont. ConsultingArchaeology Program, University of Vermont. Report No. 394Report of the Archaeological Phase I Site Identification Survey for the Proposed835 Hinesburg Road Development, South Burlington, Chittenden County,Vermont. Consulting Archaeology Program, University of Vermont. Report No.391

2003 Archaeological Phase II Site Evaluation of site VT-RU-349 and SupplementalPhase I site Identification Survey of the proposed Rutland Town BRF 019-3(48)SCBridge Replacement Project, Rutland. Rutland County, Vermont. ConsultingArchaeology Program, University of Vermont. Report No. 377Archaeological Phase I Site Identification Survey of the Proposed Point BayMarina Dredging Project, Charlotte, Chittenden County, Vermont. ConsultingArchaeology Program, University of Vermont. Report No. 376

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Ch arles Knigh t - CV

Archaeological Phase I Site Identification Survey of the proposed Bristol BRF/STP021-1(15), Bridge Improvement Project, Addison County, Vermont. ConsultingArchaeology Program, University of Vermont. Report No. 372Archaeological Phase I Site Identification Survey and Phase II Site Evaluation ofthe Wastewater Collection and Treatment Facility at Site VT-WA-106 (The MuimSite) , Waitsfield Village and Irasville, Washington County, Vermont. ConsultingArchaeology Program, University of Vermont. Report No. 365Archaeological Phase I Site Identification Survey of the Heffeman Rock Quarry,Addison County, Vermont. Consulting Archaeology Program, University ofVermont. Report No. 364Archaeological Phase I Site Identification Survey and Phase II Site EvaluationSurvey for the Mill Pond Farm Project, Coichester, Chittenden County, Vermont.Consulting Archaeology Program, University of Vermont. Report No. 358Archaeological Phase I Site Identification Survey and Phase II Site EvaluationSurvey for the Demers Development, Colchester, Chittenden County, Vermont .Consulting Archaeology Program, University of Vermont. Report No. 356Archaeological Phase I Site Identification Survey for the Tuner HousingDevelopment (Christine Court), Milton, Chittenden County, Vermont. ConsultingArchaeology Program, University of Vermont. Report No. 343

2002 Archaeological Phase I Site Identification Survey and Phase JI Site EvaluationSurvey fo r the Mill Pond Farm Project, Colchester, Chiuenden County, Vermont.Consulting Archaeology Program, University of Vermont. Report No. 358Archaeological Phase I Site Identification Survey and Phase II Site EvaluationSurvey for the Demers Development, Colchester. Chittenden County, Vermont .Consulting Archaeology Program. University of Vermont. Report No. 356Archaeological Phase I Site Identification Survey for the Calkins PropertyDevelopment, South Burlington and Shelbume, Chittenden County, Vermont.Consulting Archaeology Program, University of Vermont. Report No. 344CCCH Site Relocation and Site Datum Placement for Ten Prehistoric NativeAmerican Sites in Chittenden County, Vermont. Consulting Archaeology Program,University of Vermont. Report No. 329

2001 Phase 1 Archaeological Site Identification Survey for the Charleston BridgeReplacement in Charleston, Orleans County, Vermont. Consulting ArchaeologyProgram, University of Vermont. Report No. 301

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Charles Knight - CV

Knight, Charles, K. Kenny, and J. 0. Crock2002 Phase I Site Identification Survey for the Newport State Airport AIR 04-3142-100Project, Coventry, Orleans County, Vermont. Consulting Archaeology Program ,University of Vermont. Report No. 332Professional Papers2009 Reduction Technology and Source Material Variation in the Early Formative toClassic Period Obsidian Economy of Tres Zapotes. Presented at the 74th AnnualMeetings of the Society for American Archaeology. Atlanta. April 22-26, 20092008 Power, Status and Production during the Terminal Formative to Early Class icperiods at Palo Errado, Veracruz, Mexico. Presented at the 41st Annual ChacmoolConference, Calgary, Canada. November 7-10, 20082008 Volunteering and Archaeology at the Severance Site in Coichester, VT.Presented at the Vermont Archaeological Society Fall Meeting. Burlington,Vermont. October 11, 20082008 Formative to Classic Period Obsidian Consumption at Tres Zapotes, Veracruz,Mexico. Presented at the 73rd Annual Meetings of the Society for AmericanArchaeology, Vancouver, Canada. March 26-30. 20082006 The Norbert and Shore Acres Sites: Middle to Late Woodland Period Occupationalong the Banks of Mallets Bay in Colchester, Vermont Presented at the VermontArchaeology Society Spring Meeting, Enfield, New Hampshire. April 8, 20062003 Ceramic Consumption and the Proto to Early Classic Period at Palo Errado.Veracniz, Mexico. Presented at the Vermont Archaeological Society Fall Meeting ,Burlington, Vermont. October 4. 20031999 More than Macrocores: Obsidian Core-Blade Technology during the Late

Formative to Classic periods in southern Veracruz, Mexico. Presented at the 64thAnnual Meetings of the Society for American Archaeology, Chicago. March 24-27.1998 The Obsidian Economy during the Late Formative to Classic periods in theHinterland of Tres Zapotes, Veracruz, Mexico. Presented at the 31st AnnualMeetings of the Canadian Archaeological Association. Victoria, British Columbia,Canada. May 6-10.1998 Intra-site Dynamics of Obsidian Use and Distribution at Tres Zapotes : Piec ingTogether Political Economy. Presented at the 63rd Annual Meetings of theSociety for American Archaeology, Seattle. March 25-29.1997 Obsidian Distribution at Tres Zapotes: Arriving at an Understanding of ObsidianProduction, Consumption. and Distribution. Presented at the 62nd AnnualMeetings of the Society for American Archaeology, Nashville.1996 Distributional Analysis of Obsidian Technology at Tres Zapotes.Presented at the 61st Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology,New Orleans.

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Charles Knight - CV

Other Related Experience2007 April-May: Lithe Analyst, Baeza, Ecuador(Proyecto RIo Quijos, Ecuador. Under the Direction of Dr. Andrea Cuellar,University of Lethbridge)2005 February-April: Director, Palo Errado, Veracruz, Mexico(Palo Errado Patterned Wetland Mapping Project. Veracruz. Mexico)2003 May: Senior Lithic Analyst, Tres Zapotes, Veracruz, Mexico(Proyecto ArqueolOgico de Tres Zapotes [P .A .T .ZJ project. Under the directionof Dr. Christopher Pool, University of Kentucky).2002 October-November: Lithic Analyst, Baeza, Ecuador.(Organization of Agricultural Production and the Emergence of Chiefdoms in theQuijos Valley, Ecuador Project. Under the direction of Andrea Cuellos, Universityof Pittsburgh, Universidad de los Andes, Colombia, and the Universidad de SanFrancisco, Ecuador).2000 January-November: Archaeological Field Technician, Follansbee. West Virg ini&(Follansbee site, Phase III project, GAl consultants, Monroeville, PA)1997 February-October: Director, Palo Errado, Veracruz, Mexico.(Proyecto Palo Errado: National Science Foundation funded dissertationfieldwork).1996 October: Archaeologist, Anguilla, British Virgin Islands.(Anguilla Archaeological Project: Under the direction of John Crock, University ofPittsburgh).1996 June-August: Archaeological Crew Chief, Tres Zapotes, Veracruz, Mexico.(Recorrido Arqueolgico de Tres Zapotes [R .A .T.ZJ project. Under the directionof Dr. Christopher Pool, University of Kentucky).

1995 May-August: Archaeological Crew Chief, Tres Zapotes, Veracruz, Mexico(Recorrido ArqueolOgico de Ties Zapotes [R .A .T .Z] project. Under the directionof Dr. Christopher Pool, University of Kentucky).1994 May-July: Archaeological Field Technician, Wooster, Ohio.(Wayne 30 , Phase I survey, CCRR, Pittsburgh, PA)1993 June: Archaeological Field Technician, Calgary, Alberta. Canada.(Burnco site, Phase I survey, Aresco Ltd., Social and Earth Sciences Research ,Calgary)1992 May-August: Archaeologist, Portales. Chihuahua, Mexico.(Proyecto Arqueolgico de Chihuahua, under the direction of Dr. Jane Kelley,University of Calgary, an d Dr. Joe Stuart, Lakehead University).1991 September: Archaeological Field Technician, Hanna, Alberta, Canada.(Scappa Rib site, Phase III project, Bison Uistorical Services, Calgary)1989 August: Volunteer Archaeological Field Technician, Pincer Creek, Alberta,Canada. (Oldman Dam sites, Phase III project, Bison Historical Services , Calgary)

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Petition of Beaver Wood Energy Pownal, LLC )for a Certificate of Public Good, pursuant to 30 )V.S.A. 248, to install and operate a Biomass )Energy Facility and an integrated wood pellet ) D ket Noanufacturing facility located north of the old ) OLDGreen Mountain Racetrack in Pownal, Vermont, )to be known as the Pownal Biomass Project )

PREFILED TESTIMONY OFCHARLES KNIGHT, PhD

Exhibit BWEP -CK-- 2Archaeological Resources Assessment Report


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Archaeological Resources Assessment for the Proposed Beaver Wood Energy Project,Pownal, Benuington County, Vermont

Submitted to:Meddle J. Perry

Senior HydrogeologistVanasse 1-Tangen Brustlin, Inc.7056 US Route 7Post Office Box 120North Ferrisburgh, VT 05473

Submitted by:Charles Knight, Ph.D.

University of VermontConsulting Archaeology Program111 Delehanty Hall180 Colchester Ave.

Burlington, VT 05405Report No. 624

October 18, 2010


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storage pile, the stormwater treatment area, the reclaim conveyor, the storm management pond,the force main, drivew ay, and in the south, the truck scale (Figure 12). In addition, the existingdes ign Nan indicates that a proposed water line exten ding west from the proposed water pumphouse and clarifier in the extreme northern portion of the APE will cross the floodplain to theriver. As a result, the UVM CAP recommends that arch aeolog ical Phase I site iden tific at iontesting is conducted in the lim its of the uncovered storag e pile, the reclaim conveyor, the stormmanagement pond , and along the driveway. Since the water line trench in the far north will notbe constructed in 2010, no arch aeolog ical testing is require d at this tim e. However, since ther e isthe possibility that an cien t precontact Native American sites may be disturbed by various projectelements proposed fo r construction in 2010, a Phase I site ident ifi ca tio n survey is recommendedfor those areas before project const ruct ion begins .Sinc erely,

Geoffrey A. MandelResearch Supervisor

Charles Knight, Ph.D .Ass is tant Director

uvM CAP Repo rt #624 6


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Figure 1, Map show ing the location of the proposed Beaver Wood Energy Pro ject . Pownal.Bennington County. Vermon t.UVM CAP Report 624 7


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Figu re 3. Map of the historic 1856 Wallings map showing the location of the proposed BeaverWood Energy Project, Pownal, Beimington County, Vermont.

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Figure 4. Map of the historic 1869 Beers map showing the location of the proposed BeaverWood Energy Project. Powrial, Bennington County, Vermont.


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Project , Pownal, Bennington County, Vermont.


Figure 5. Histor ic 1898 USGS map showing the location of the proposed Beaver Wood Energy


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Figure 6. Map showing the location of the backhoe trenches excavated to assess the soils wilhinthe limits of the proposed Beaver Wood Energy Project, Powna l, Bennington Coun ty, Vermont,


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Figu re 7. View of North Wall profile of Trench 1,0-1.60 m(0-5.2 ft) below the ground surface.Note upper stratum of thick fill and gleying soil beneath. Beaver Wood En ergy Project , Pownal,Bennington County, Vermont

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Figure 8. View of the south wall profile of Trench 2. Orange pin flag represents the ocation ofasphalt fragmenis found at the base of the buried historic era plowzone. Beaver Wood EnergyProject, Pownal, Bennington County, Vermont.

14UVM CAP Report No. 624


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Figure 9. View of the North Wall profile of Trench 3. Beaver Wood Energy Project, Pownal,Bennington County, Vermont. UVM CAP archaeologist is in the eastern portion of the trench.

15IJVM CAP Report No. 624


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Figure 10. View ofNorth wall Profile of Trench 4. UVM CAP archaeologist is at the western ofthe trench. Beaver Wood Energy Project, Pownal, Bennington County, Vermont.



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Figure 11. View of the North Wall profile of Trench 5. Beaver Wood Energy Project, Pownal,Bennington Coun ty, Vermont.



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Beaver Wood Pownal 248 Filing: No. 8H - Pre-Filed Testimony of Charles Knight SD

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Transcript of Beaver Wood Pownal 248 Filing: No. 8H - Pre-Filed Testimony of Charles Knight SD