“BAYMAX” SHAPE DOLL MODEL AS MEDIA OF COUNSELING TECHNIQUE

“CATHARSIS” FOR TEENAGERS

(Media Model Service of Guidance And Counseling At School For Teenagers)

Gesha Rahmalia, S.Pd

Al Ikhlas Islamic Junior High School, Jakarta

gege.gesha@gmail.com / signofsos.wordpress.com / +6285798260039

Abstract

Nowdays, emotional explosion teenagers take much attention for all society. Emotional explosion teenagers could

be one of serious problem as barrier development for teenagers. Impact of emotional explosion teenagers show in society,

such as teen brawl, vandalism, breaking society rules, etc. As guidance and counseling section, we could take part of this

problem, esspecially in education line. One of technique counseling which treat emotion is catharsis. Catharsis is one of

treatment process which could decrease or cool down emotional explosion individual. Catharsis could be more effective if

we use media as facility for individu who express his/her feeling out. One of physical media could be a shape dool. Shape

dool which could be choosen as a media in catharsis is Baymax. Baymax is a character from Big Hero 6 movie which a

healthycare/ caregiver robot to help or heal a pain from the patient. Baymax is the best icon for being a shape dool catharsis

media which could make a peacefull atmospher counseling.

Keyword: Teenagers, Baymax, Catharsis, Media

A. INTRODUCTION

Teenager derives from Latin "adolescere" which means it grows into an adult or in

development to become adult (Desmita 2005, p. 189). Adolescence is one of the

developmental periods of an individual age range which is period of transition between

childhood and adulthood. According to Santrock explaination, the meaning of development

is "development is the pattern of change that begins at conception and continues through the

life span. Most development involves growth, although it includes decay (as in death and

dying). The pattern of movement is complex Because it is the product of processes- Several

biological, cognitive, and socioemotional ".

In every period of human development (life span) has the development task to be

accomplished, including adolescence. According to Havighurst (Hurlock, 1990), the task of

development is the task that arises during or about a certain period of an individual's life

which if successful leads to happiness and leads to carry out next subsequent

tasks. However, if it failed, it caused unhappiness and found difficulty in facing the next

tasks.

Adolescence problematic is also driven by the natural changes in adolescents

period. Adolescents need help to develope their entire life, esspecially in emotional

developement.. Teenagers and emotions can not running away from problem. Problem is the

gap between ideality / expectation and reality. In 2016, El Jalaludin Rumi, a young artist had

a feud case with a lawyer, Farhat Abas because El not accepted the way Farhat Abas treating

his father (accessed from:

http://lifestyle.kompas.com/read/2013/11/29/1524004/Beradaptasi.dengan.Emosi.Meledak-

ledak.Remaja) Not only that feud case but also the brawl teen case is often happen, as

reported by detiknews.com 2017 five students brawled and two wounded in Jagakarsa, South

Jakarta (accessed from: https://news.detik.com/berita/d-3596506/polisi-tangkap-5-pelajar-

tawuran-di-jagakarsa-2-korban-terluka). It shows that teenagers often could not express

their emotions neither well nor positively. Individual emotions need to be taken out and

expressed by doing catharsis technique. The catharsis technique is one of the counseling

processes that associate individual feelings to be expressed through body language, verbal,

writing and others. Catharsis techniques can use media to further streamline of the benefits

of the expressed individual emotional in order to subside and ease the individual

psychological burden.

Character of Baymax

Image A.1 Baymax available at: https://disney.wikia.com

Baymax, name of one character in Disney animated movie "Big Hero 6". The film is

about a genius boy named Hero Hamada who lost his only dear brother, Tadashi

Hamada. Hero and his brother who are orphan and raised by their aunt who work to support

them, this condition makes Hero and his brother look after each other. Hamada brothers are

very interested in robotics, until one day his brother has a project to make a personal robot

that can help people physically and emotionally. The robot is called Baymax that can detect

pain suffered by others and can detect the source of the pain. By the time his brother passed

away because fire, Hero suffered a deep sadness and did not want to meet anyone or do

anything. Due to his deep sorrow, Baymax is activated to assist Hero in removing his grief

about losing his brother.

Baymax was created by the brilliant Tadashi Hamada as a healthcare-

providing robot nurse/doctor for the citizens of San Fransokyo and his

brother, Hiro Hamada. Tadashi's goal in creating Baymax was to help

improve healthcare around the world, basically wanting nothing more than to

use his creation and genius for the betterment of humanity. To provide him

with his programming and overall personality, Baymax was given a special

chip with Tadashi's inscriptions. The chip makes him the lovable robot he

truly is, for without it, he can be conceived as an entirely different being. As

programming would have, Baymax is instantly summoned by the sound of

distress, and can only deactivate once his current patient states "I am

satisfied with my care." (Disney-Wiki, 2015)

Baymax will be inactive if the assisted person has said "I am satisfied with my

care". Baymax treatment to make Hero back to his life from the worst condition became an

interesting storyline on the movie "Big Hero 6". Baymax always strive to help and

accompany Hero even provide the physical and psychological treatment needed by Hero. In

the end, Hero accepted to loss his brother and returns into life. Hero feels comfortable with

Baymax's presence that makes him aware that he needs help and open himself up with others

who can ease his sorrow.

Baymax become one of the iconic robot character "caregiver" who needed someone

to ease the physical and psychological pain. Professor University Robotics Institute, Chris

Atkeson (Giardina, C., 2014) states "Robots as caregivers - it's going to happen", kind of

Baymax robot has been designed in real life due to the help, kindness and peace of the world

has become necessary. "There are a lot of people who need physical help - people with

disabilities, older people" Chris Atkeson (Giardina, C., 2014) adds that it is required by the

world's helper figure. Figure of caregiver needed people who experience psychological lack

of strengh . According to the Indonesian General Dictionary (Poerwadarminta 2013, p. 521),

"character is properties of psychological, moral, or character that distinguish one person to

another". Correspondingly, FW Foerster (Adisusilo 2013, p. 77) states that character is

something that qualifies a person.The character is fixed that distinguish individual identity

from one another.

The idea of Baymax interacting with Hiro on an emotional level also

is grounded in research. "There's a big interest in handling depression," says

Atkeson. "And the notion that a robot could provide therapy, that's very

popular in autism. Some autistic children relate much better to, essentially,

machines. Crude versions are not too far off, but it's going to take a while

before we get good at it." (Giardina, C., 2014)

That statement reinforces the idea that Baymax characters not only help in the needs

of a person's physical help but also emotional support. Figure can help one's emotional

therapy as has been done in people with autism. Therefore, nonliving objects can be built to

provide a sense of security and comfort by visualizing the image of the figure in forming the

perception and counselee suggestion. The film 'Big Hero 6' can be used as a way of forming

apperception of Baymax characters for counselee.

Guidance and Counseling Media

The medium is derived from Latin "medius" and the plural form is "medium" which

etymologically means "middle", "intermediary" or "introduction". The National Education

Association affirms the media as forms of both print and audio-visual communication and its

equipment, so that the media can be manipulated, seen, heard, and read (Sadiman, et al.

2009, p. 6-9).

According to Gagne, media in the education related to various types of components

in the learning environment of learners who can stimulate them to learn (Sadiman, et al.

2009, p. 6). Correspondingly, Briggs argues the media is all physical tools that can present

the message and stimulate learners to learn (Sadiman et al, 2009: 6). Gagne and Briggs

implicitly share the view that media is physically used to convey messages and stimulate

individuals to feel, think, and so on. Based on the above expert's expertise, media is a

common thing used in conveying messages that include emotions, words, or even

orders. Media is commonly used to facilitate daily life activities, intended to help others,

especially on guidance and counseling services.

Guidance and counseling aims to guide, educate and help individuals to be able to

live more effectively. According to Prayitno and Erman Amti (2004, p. 99), guidance is a

process of providing assistance made by experts to individual or group, from children to

adults, so that counselees can develop their own ability and self, by utilizing the power of

individuals and existing facilities and developed based on the prevailing

norms. Correspondingly, Kartini Kartono (1985, p. 9) defines guidance as a help given by an

expert who has the knowledge, understanding, certain skills needed to help others.

According to Rahman Natawijaya (Sukari 2008, p. 36), guidance is a process of

providing assistance to individuals who are done on an ongoing basis so that the individuals

can understand their self, so they are able to direct their self and can act fairly, in accordance

with the demands and circumstances of the school environment, family, community and life

in general.

While counseling is a unity that is integrated with guidance and

inseparable. Counseling is helping relationship between counselor and counselee. Bloom and

Balinsky (Djumhur & Surya 1975, p. 29) suggests there is no fundamental difference

between guidance and counseling. Thus, guidance and counseling is a process of assisting

individuals from an expert who aims to be independent as individual.

Guidance and counseling is a service that requires media to streamline the

service. Thus, counseling and guidance media is a tool or an intermediary that can help the

process of helping services others become more effective and targeted.

Counseling Technique “Catharsis”

According to Corsini and Wedding (Qonitatin, 2011), catharsis in psychoanalytical

point of view is an expression and release of suppressed emotion or experiencing painful

emotional in psychotherapy, usually involving awareness of previously suppressed

material. Catharsis is one of the counseling techniques of psychoanalytic approach found by

Sigmund Freud. This technique involves disclosing individual emotions through verbal and

non-verbal depending on the convenience of disclosing each individual's way.

Catharsis technique only becomes one part of the individual counseling process but is

quite effective in mitigating the emotional state of the individual's shock. Supported by

Berry & Pennebaker's expression in Graf (Qonitatin, 2011), emotional expressiveness is a

natural expression of true emotion. Individual psychological problems are inseparable from

their emotions so that in therapy requires techniques to provide individual emotional

treatment. Correspondingly, Scheff (Qonitatin, 2011) states that verbal disclosure is less

important and inadequate for therapy, whereas emotional release is important and sufficient

in therapy. Not only thought is built to improve the condition of the counselee but emotion is

also an important part to be given treatment.

Smyth & Pennebaker in Graf (Qonitatin, 2011) states that emotional disclosure is a

process that involves natural feelings or real emotions and turns them into oral, body

language, or writing expression. The emotions inside is changed to be expressed in other

languages, such as body language, oral, written expression and so on. Catharsis technique is

necessary in the counseling process that involves an emotional problem in the individual.

B. METHODOLOGY

Baymax Shape Doll Model As Counseling Technique “Catharsis” Media for Teenagers

Image B.1 Stages of Baymax Shape Doll Maker Model

Stage One: Designing Media Model Guidance and Counseling Service

In the early stages, there are several substage that are described about the media

guidance and counseling. At this early stage approximately carried out within six months.

Design of

Media Model Media Trial

Media

dissemination dan

socialisation

1. Study Literature

Initial stages of studying the literature through print and online related to the

guidance and counseling media concepts. In this phase, the literature study is

conducted to find out theoretical about the innovation and creativity of guidance and

counseling media, and the effectiveness of guidance and counseling media in helping

to increase the service of guidance and counseling, especially in catharsis counseling

technique for counselee.

2. Developing a Media Plan Model Baymax Shape Doll

a. Arrangement Baymax Model Media Design

The guidance and counseling team formulates the Baymax model design

along with the school designer. In addition to formulating Baymax designs,

compile the materials that will be used in making Baymax shape doll models

by considering the texture of softness of the material, easy to clean and not

dirty quickly, durable materials, water resistant, production cost and doll

contents which make soft impression.

b. Arrangement Budget for Making Media Model Baymax

Prepare a budget for making a Baymax model media, applying to the school

management and making a dealing with designers and vendors.

c. Evaluation and Development Media Model Baymax

Evaluation and development stage is done to evaluate the Baymax production

in accordance with agreed design.

3. Validation Media Model Baymax Dolls By Agency Assessors

This stage of Baymax media will be validated by several parties, such as the

school management, school facilities teams, guidance and counseling team and

school designers.

The Second Phase of Media Trial

1. Determining students with criterias:

a. Students representative of each level / grade level (VII, VIII, IX).

b. Students who have problems in expressing emotions

c. Students who will / are in the handling by counselor

d. Students who need a hug as affirmations and positive suggestions

2. Media Trial on Empirical Way

In this step, Baymax model were tested for the effectiveness scaling the

differencies emotional condition of counselee between using Baymax media and not

using media. Experiment is done on students who have been determined with certain

criteria.

3. Media Revision

Revisions are made after testing if there are some things less effective.

Third Stage: Socialization and Dissemination Media Nationally

We keep on networking or collaboration with several parties, namely the Ministry of

Education and Culture, Walt Disney production house, sponsor from institution that cares for

the educational and social issue.

C. DISCUSSIONS

Usage Baymax Media

Baymax media is used for individual and group services. This media can help

cathartic techniques in terms of psychoanalytic counseling approach. Here is a model photo

of Baymax that has been designed before, with a height about 1.5 m, width about 500 - 600

cm, reaches thickness approximately 70 cm and placed in a standing position / vertical in the

corner room.

Image C.1 Baymax Media Model

Baymax media placed in comfort corner at guidance and counseling room. Baymax

media in the guidance and counseling room adds comfortable atmospher and safe impression

to be visited by the students.

Image B.2 The location of Baymax in Guidance and Counseling Room

White used on Baymax symbolizes purity, peace and compassion. Strengthened by

the color psychology theory (Si-Pedia, 2017), white can give effect to relieve pain, sterile,

bringing aura of freedom and openness. Furthermore, usage white when used appropriately

is able to give a confidence effect of quality without disappointing. White atmosphere built

by Baymax is expected to provide an implicit message that Baymax is present to reconcile,

provide comfort, openness, confidence and ease the emotional explotion indirectly on the

counselee.

Image C.3 Sample Usage Baymax Media

The presence of Baymax aims to facilitate emotional expression of students who are

not revealed through by words. Based on the study "Most littered Nation In the

World" conducted by Central Connecticut State Univesity in March 2016, Indonesia was

ranked 60th out of 61 countries a matter of interest read (Gewati, 2016). A lack of reading

culture among adolescents makes teenagers less able to realize, understand and express

emotions in themselves, thus requiring other channeling media to be able to express self

emotions in order to achieve good emotional stability.

Baymax media becomes one of the facilitate to channel the expression of teen

emotions in counseling process with counselor. There are some limitations in counseling that

not all counselors can do to counselee, as counselor and counselee which have different

gender can not have too intimate physical contact, such as hugging or leaning one part of his

body to the counselor as part of the counselee's comfort expression; for counselees who have

never felt the arms of the nearest attachment; for counselees who have excessive emotional

expression; for counselees who still not open with counselors; facilitation for counselee to do

catharsis / express complained in own self.

D. CONCLUSIONS

Baymax shape doll model bacame one of media guidance and counseling service at

school. Baymax shape doll model support counselor to helps in relaxation process at self –

catharsis by counselee. This media is suitable for counselees who have less ability to express

emotion, lack of parent’s attachment /family, have excessive emotional expression,

feel insecure and difficult to open with other people, do catharsis for students which have

complaint inside. This service media could be explored further to further streamline the

provision of creative and innovative guidance and counseling services.

REFERENCES

Adisusilo, Sutarjo. (2013). Pembelajaran Nilai Karakter. Jakarta: PT. Raja Gravindo

Persada.

Desmita. (2005). Psikologi Perkembangan. Bandung: Rosda Karya.

Disney-Wiki. (2015) Baymax. [Online]. Accessed from:

http://disney.wikia.com/wiki/Baymax.

Djumhur, I & Surya, Moh. (1975). Bimbingan dan Penyuluhan di Sekolah. Bandung: CV.

Ilmu.

Gewati, Mikhael. (2016) Minat Baca Indonesia Ada di Urutan ke-60 Dunia. [Online].

Accessed from:

http://edukasi.kompas.com/read/2016/08/29/07175131/minat.baca.indonesia.ada.di.ur

utan.ke-60.dunia.

Giardina, Carolyn. (2014) ‘Big Hero 6’: Why the Cuddly Robot Is Closer to Reality Than

You Think. [Online]. Accessed from: http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/behind-

screen/big-hero-6-why-cuddly-747750.

Hurlock, E. B. (1990). Psikologi Perkembangan: Suatu Pendekatan Sepanjang Rentang

Kehidupan(terjemahan). Jakata: Erlangga.

Kartono, Kartini. (1985). Bimbingan Dan Dasar-Dasar Pelaksanaanya. Jakarta: Rajawali.

Poerwadarminta, W.J.S.,. (2013). Kamus Umum Bahasa Indonesia. Jakarta: Balai Pustaka.

Prayitno & Amti, Erman. (2004). Dasar – Dasar Bimbingan dan Konseling. Jakarta: Rineka

Cipta.

Sadiman, A. S., et all. (2009). Media Pendidikan: Pengertian, Pengembangan dan

Pemanfaatannya. Jakarta: Rajagrafindo.

Sukari, Dewa Ketut. (2008). Pengantar Pelaksanaan Programm Bimbingan dan Konseling

di Sekolah. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.

Qonitatin, et all. (2011). Pengaruh Katarsis dalam Menulis Ekspresif Sebagai Intervensi

Depresi Ringan pada Mahasiswa. 24 Journal of Undip Psychology, Vol. 9 No.1.