Basics of Automotive Technology - toyota- · PDF fileBasics of Automotive Technology Body...

Basics of Automotive Technology

Body Shapes in Toyota Vehicles
Vehicle Body
Engine Components and Technologies
Vehicle Performance
Tyre Specification in Toyota Vehicles
Passive Safety System
Types of Suspension System in Toyota Vehicles
Types of Transmission System in Toyota Vehicles
Active Safety Systems in Toyota Vehicles
Transmission and Fuel Economy
Car Market Segments in Toyota Vehicles
Vehicle Steering Systems

Car Market Segments
in Toyota Vehicles

Toyota Model Body Shapes
Liva B Hatchback
Etios B Sedan
Corolla Altis C Sedan
Camry D + E Sedan
Innova MPV High
Fortuner SUV Mid
Car Market Segments in Toyota Vehicles

Toyota Model Body Shapes
Etios Liva Hatchback
Etios Sedan
Cross CUV
Innova MPV/MUV
Corolla Altis Sedan
Fortuner SUV
Camry Sedan
Prius Fastback
Land Cruiser Prado SUV
Land Cruiser 200 SUV

Vehicle Body

Toyota Model Body Construction
Etios Liva Monocoque
Etios Monocoque
Cross Monocoque
Innova Chassis
Corolla Altis Monocoque
Fortuner Chassis
Camry Monocoque
Prius Monocoque
Land Cruiser Prado Chassis
Land Cruiser 200 Chassis
Body Construction in Toyota Vehicles

Engine Components and Technologies

Camshafts help in opening and closing
of the valves.
Camshafts
Valves
Inlet Valve allows the entry of air-fuel
mixture in petrol engines and only air in
diesel engines.
Exhaust valve releases the burnt
air-fuel mixture.
Camshafts
Inlet Valve
Exhaust Valve
Engine Components

Spark Plug is present only in petrol
engines and its main function is to
ignite the compressed air-fuel mixture.
Spark Plug
Connecting Rod
A connecting rod is an engine component
that transfers motion from the piston to the
crankshaft and functions as a lever arm
.
Spark Plug
Connecting Rod
Engine Components

Crankshaft converts the linear motion of
piston into rotating motion.
Crankshaft
Cylinder Block
Cylinder Block is the largest part of
an engine and houses most of
the components.
This portion of the engine lies between the
cylinder head and the sump and is the
supporting structure for the entire engine.
Crankshaft
Cylinder Block
Engine Components

Piston is the moving component in the
cylinder.
Its function is to transfer force from the
expanding gas in the cylinder to the
crankshaft via connecting rod.
Piston
Fuel Injector
Fuel injectors are unique to
diesel engines.
The function of the fuel injection system is
to provide the right amount of fuel at the
right moment and in a suitable condition
for the combustion process to occur.
Piston
Fuel Injector
Engine Components

Toyota Model Fuel Options
Petrol Diesel
Etios Liva
Etios
Cross
Innova
Corolla Altis
Fortuner
Camry
Prius + Electric Motor
Land Cruiser Prado
Engine Fuel Options in Toyota Vehicles

Toyota Model Engine Valves per
Cylinder
Etios Liva Petrol 4
Diesel 2
Etios Petrol 4
Diesel 2
Innova Diesel 4
Corolla Altis Petrol 4
Diesel 4
Cross Petrol 4
Diesel 2
Fortuner Diesel 4
Number of Valves as per Cylinder in Toyota Vehicles

Toyota Model Engine Valve
Mechanism
Etios Liva Petrol DOHC
Diesel SOHC
Etios Petrol DOHC
Diesel SOHC
Innova Diesel DOHC
Corolla Altis Petrol DOHC
Diesel DOHC
Cross Petrol DOHC
Diesel SOHC
Fortuner Diesel DOHC
Valve Mechanism in Toyota Vehicles

Inline engines are very popular.
They are used in small to
mid size engines.
Inline
VShape
V-Shape engines have compact
construction.
They are suitable for big engines.
They are balanced and provide smooth
engine operation.
Click on the play button to view the animation.
Types of Engine Construction

Boxer engines are not very popular.
They are low height construction.
They helps in low center of gravity.
Boxer
Circular
Circular engines are not used
in automobiles.
Types of Engine Construction

Toyota Model Engine No. of Cylinders Engine
Construction
Etios Liva Petrol 4 Inline
Diesel 4 Inline
Etios Petrol 4 Inline
Diesel 4 Inline
Cross Petrol 4 Inline
Diesel 4 Inline
Innova Diesel 4 Inline
Corolla Altis
Petrol 4 Inline
Diesel 4 Inline
Fortuner Diesel 4 Inline
Cylinder and Engine Construction in Toyota Vehicles

Diesel directly reaches the
injectors from the fuel tank via
a low pressure pump.
Fuel is discharged at high pressure
with uniform distribution.
Advantage:
It produces more power and is
fuel efficient.
Disadvantage:
Noise level is high.
Mechanical Direct Injection

Toyota Model Engine
Etios Liva Turbocharger and Intercooler
Etios Turbocharger and Intercooler
Innova (BS 3) Turbocharger
Innova (BS 4) Turbocharger and Intercooler
Corolla Altis Variable Nozzle Turbocharger
and Intercooler
Fortuner Variable Nozzle Turbocharger
and Intercooler
Land Cruiser Prado Variable Nozzle Turbocharger
and Intercooler
Land Cruiser 200 Variable Nozzle Turbocharger
and Intercooler
Turbocharger and Intercooler Specification in Toyota Vehicles

Vehicle Performance

Engine Size in Toyota Vehicles
Toyota Model Engine Engine Size
Etios Liva Petrol 1197 cc
Diesel 1364 cc
Etios
Petrol 1496 cc
Diesel 1364 cc
Cross Petrol 1496 cc
Diesel 1364 cc
Innova Diesel 2494 cc
Corolla Altis Petrol 1798 cc
Diesel 1364 cc
Fortuner Diesel 2982, 2494 cc
Camry Petrol 2500 cc
Prius Petrol 1800 cc
Vehicle Performance in Toyota Vehicles

Engine Torque in Toyota Vehicles
Toyota Model Engine Max Torque
Etios Liva Petrol 104 Nm @ 3100 rpm
Diesel 170 Nm @ 1800 2400 rpm
Etios
Petrol 132 Nm @ 3000 rpm
Diesel 170 Nm @
Cross Petrol 104 Nm @ 3100 rpm
Diesel 170 Nm @ 18002400 rpm
Innova Diesel BS IV 200 Nm @1200-3600 rpm
BS III 200 Nm @ 1400-3400 rpm
Corolla Altis Petrol 173 Nm @ 4000 rpm
Diesel 205 Nm @ 1800-2800 rpm
Fortuner Diesel 343 Nm @ 1400-3400 rpm
Camry Petrol 213 Nm @ 4500 rpm
Prius Petrol 142 Nm @ 4200 rpm

Engine Power in Toyota Vehicles
Toyota Model Engine Max Power
Etios Liva Petrol 80 PS @ 5600 rpm
Diesel 68 PS @ 3800 rpm
Etios
Petrol 90 PS @ 5600 rpm
Cross Petrol 80 PS @ 5600 rpm
Innova Diesel 102 PS @ 3600 rpm
Corolla Altis Petrol 140 PS @ 6400 rpm
Diesel 88.4 PS @ 3800 rpm
Fortuner Diesel 171 PS @ 3600 rpm
144 PS @ 3400 rpm
Camry Petrol 160 PS @ 5700 rpm
Prius Petrol 180 PS @ 5200 rpm

Toyota Model Tyre Specification
Etios Liva 175/65 R14, 185/60 R15
Etios 175/65 R14, 185/60 R15
Innova 205/65 R15
Corolla Altis 195/65 R15
Fortuner 265/65 R17
Camry 215/60 R16
Prius 195/65 R15
Land Cruiser Prado 265/60 R18
Land Cruiser 200 285/60 R18

Vehicle Steering Systems

Toyota Model Steering Type
Etios Liv

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