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Basic Sentence PatternGrammar Refresher Course for TOEFL

Pachara Pookpanich

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Basic Sentence Pattern

SUBJECT VERB COMPLEMENT MODIFIER

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Basic Sentence Pattern

SUBJECT VERB COMPLEMENT MODIFIER

People float Kratongs to make merits during the festival

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Subject of the sentence

Subjects of any sentences can only bemade of either NOUN or PRONOUN.

>The principles of health care ..Mr. Barack Obama ..

A festival which includes manyevents .They / We . / One . /Someone

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Verbs

Verb shows actions, performance orlinks the subject to its status oradditional information.

> ..exhibits certain symptoms.> ..maximize the town s benefit.> ..is an impressive ceremony.> ..are magnificent.> ..became a political issue.

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Complements

Complement completes the verb. As an object. (made of noun/pronoun)

The British colony declared its independence.Prof. Davis told him to be careful in the lab.

As reason of the action.

The British colony declared its independenceto establish a new nation.Prof. Davis told him to be careful in the lab.

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Modifiers

Modifiers add more info to theaction.Categorized into 3 types: Manner,Place, Time.

> James drove his sedan carelesslyalong the highway last night.

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The making of a noun phrase

N

Articles

Adjectives

Determiners

Prep. Phrase

Relative Clause

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Adjective before noun

ADJ.

N

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Adjective before noun

A CARELESS DRI VER

Adj. N

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Adjective before noun

An aggressive businessman

Many hazardous materials

Valuable heritage

Constitutional Monarchy

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Prepositional Phrase after noun

NPrep. + Noun

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PREPOSITIONS:

IN, ON, AT, OF, ABOUT,WITH, WITHOUT, TO,FROM, ABO VE, O VER,UNDER, BELOW,BETWEEN, AMONG .

Prepositional Phrase after noun

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Prepositional Phrase after noun

Prepositional phrase

PREP + NOUN / NOUN PHRASE

The Kingdom of Thailand

The United States of AmericaA well-known research in biology

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Relative clause after noun

N Relative Clause

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Relative clause

Relative clause after noun

OR

REL.PRON. VERB

REL.PRON. NOUN VERB

N

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RELATI VE PRONOUNS

WHOWHOMWHOSEWHICHTHAT

Relative clause after noun

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Relative clause after noun

NREL.PRON. VERB

A man who is the government leader

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Relative clause after noun

NREL.PRON. VERB

NOUND OER

A criminal whom the police arrested

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Relative clause after noun

NREL.PRON. VERB

NOUND OER

A commander whose men are well-trained

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Relative clause after noun

NRelative ClauseADJ