Basic Manual for Free Range Colored Broiler Production
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Transcript of Basic Manual for Free Range Colored Broiler Production
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BASIC MANUAL FOR BOUNTY FRESH FREE RANGE
COLORED BROILERS PRODUCTIONBy: Eldani S. Fernando, DVM
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Table of Contents
Page number
Introduction. 2
Standard equipments and materials. 4
Chick brooding 7
Ranging time... 10
Feeding 14
Growth performance... 17
Common diseases and problems. 18
What is Bounty Fresh Free Range Colored Broilers?
Bounty Fresh free range colored broilers is a meat type bird that has
a comparable taste to our Philippine native chicken. These hardy
birds can be readily ranged in open areas requiring minimal
supervision as these can forage and source food from naturally
available food sources to supplement normal feed ration. These
birds are well suited to our climatic conditions with better growthrate, feed conversion, higher meat yield, and faster time to attain
slaughter weight compared to our native chicken without
compromising disease resistance.
Why raise Bounty Fresh free range colored broilers?
Over the years, the demand for high quality free-range chicken meat
that is free from antibiotics, synthetic growth hormones, animalprotein, pesticides, fertilizers, and other chemicals have consistently
grown due to the increasing awareness of consumers of its health
benefits. Traditionally, for this purpose, the Philippine native
chicken is used but with some drawbacks and disadvantages as the
Philippine native chicken tend to grow slowly, is not a good feed
converter and day-old to slaughter weight takes at least 18 weeks.
To address these problems brought about by the limits of the geneticcapability of our native chickens, Bounty Fresh has introduced the
colored broilers that can be ranged and raised like the Philippine
native chicken. These colored broilers are suitable for backyard as
well as commercial type of farming. Bounty Fresh free range
colored broiler is a meat-type bird capable of averaging 1.6 kilos
live weight at 56 days if raised on a fast grow system. It can have a
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livability of up to 97% if grown correctly. This is a considerable
improvement from the 1.2 kilos at 126 days for the native chicken.
Why choose Bounty Fresh free range colored broilers?
1. Chicks we are selling are coming from:a. Genetically superior parent stocks coming from a
reputable breeding company from Europe (Hubbard)
b. Parent stocks thoroughly vaccinated against NCD,Fowl Cholera, Infectious Coryza, IBD, IB, Fowl Pox,chicken infectious anemia, chronic respiratory
disease and other economically important diseases.
i. Chicks would benefit from the maternallyderived antibodies that they will receive from
the parent stocks that will protect them from
these diseases during their first few weeks of
lifec. Parent stocks housed in environmentally-controlled
houses ensuring controlled feeding, lighting, better
production and barrier to diseases leading to healthier
parent stocks
d. Parent stocks fed with breed-specific feed specs. Weformulate our own feeds based on the specific needs
and requirements of our parent stocks as required byHubbard
i. We ensure the health of our parent stocks togive you the best quality chick in the market
for a necessary good start for you
e. Are hatched in our own state of the art hatcheries.Not in any toll hatcheries ensuring clean, uniform,
and healthy chicks
Fig 1. Bounty Fresh Free Range Colored Broiler Parent Stocks inour environmentally controlled housing
2. Chicks we are selling comes with technical services toensure that our customers will grow their free range chickens
the right way
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OUR CHICKS ARE OF THE HIGHEST QUALITY OUT IN THE
MARKET!
Standard equipments for 100 Bounty Fresh free range colored
broilers under Philippine condition
Feeding equipments
For brooding stage (day old to 21 days)Chick feeder troughs (1 meter length) = 2-3 pcs
Chick feeder trays (20 inches diameter) = 2-3 pcs
For growing stage (22 days up to harvest, minimum 60 days)
Tube feeders (5 kilos capacity) = 8 pieces
Feeder troughs (
Watering equipments
For brooding stage (day old to 21 days)
Water galloners (medium) = 2-3 pcs
For growing stage (22 days up to harvest, minimum 60 days)
Water basin with basin guards (1 pair) = 8 pairs
Heating/brooding equipments for brooding stage
Incandescent bulbs (50 watts) = 2 pieces
1 watt per chick is usually sufficient
For areas without electricity
Used 3 kilo capacity powdered milk can = 3 pieces
Charcoal = 1 sack
or as needed
Other standard equipments:
Light source: two 18 watts CFL lighting or petromax (forareas without electricity)
Emergency light source 1x50 gallon drum as water reservoir 1x5 gallon plastic pail 1 unit weighing scale of 10 kilo capacity Fishnet for perimeter fencing of range area = 100 meters
Housing dimension and living space requirements for 100 headsBounty Fresh free range colored broilers
BROODING AREA (day old to 21 days)o 8 square meters per 100 heads ( or a double decked
cage of dimensions 2x1x0.5 meters per deck can
house 50 heads for each deck)
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Fig 2. Improvised brooding area by utilizing pig pens covered with
fish net to protect from predators with incandescent bulb as heat
source
Fig 3. A triple deck design with 2x1x0.5 meters with side
extension for heaters. Capacity of 150 heads
MOBILE RANGING HOUSE (22 days up to 80 days)o 7x2x2 meters or 14 square meters per 100 birdso Option of putting up ranging house per ranging area
or ranging house can be transferred to another
ranging location as flock is transferred from one
ranging area to another to save cost of building new
ranging house
o Ranging house should offer protection from badweather conditions
RANGING AREA (space requirement up to harvest age of80 days)
o At least 1 square meter of ranging area per birdexcluding ranging house
o Ranging area is enclosed in fishnet 5 feet in height toprevent birds from roaming too far away and to
protect birds from predators
o Presence of forage materials is an added advantage toencourage natural foraging behavior of chickens
CHICK BROODING
Brooding Management Principle
A chick does not have the ability to maintain its ownbody temperature, therefore, it is necessary to provideexternal source of heat to help the chick maintain its
core body temperature constant
The first few weeks of the chicks life is critical, thisfew weeks will determine the success of your
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performance until harvest. It is necessary to give your
chicks a good head start.
Brooding Management
Provide clean and dry litter (dried grass, rice hulls,wood shavings) free from moulds, bacteria, viruses
that can be a possible source of infection
o Newspaper placed on top of litter for the firstfew days to enable floor feeding
Provide right number of waterers (please seerecommended poultry equipment ratio) and place in
strategic locations where chicks can easily have
access to the waterers
Make sure that brooding area/cage is protected fromcold drafts but with openings to keep brooder house
temperature from getting too hot
Provide heating source (please see recommendedpoultry equipment ratio)
Pre-heat the brooding area at least 2 hours beforechick arrival to avoid cold stress to the birds
Upon chick arrival, do not give feeds during the first30 minutes to encourage birds to drink first. Floor
feed birds first to encourage them to eat.
Provide chicks with clean, new feeds 30 minutes afterplacement
Provide feeds in small amounts but in frequentinterval to ensure feeds are fresh encouraging chicks
to feed
Recommended brooding temperature during the first week
Day Brooding Area Temperature (C)
1 34
2 34
3 34
4 32
5 32
6 307 30
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Fig. 4. Charcoal heaters as heat source for brooding
Fig 5. rice hulls burned in drums provide artificial heat source
Fig 6. Incandescent bulb used as heat source. Note that laminated
sacks installed to prevent cold drafts from entering and conserve
heat inside brooding area
Ranging Time
Stage where birds are set loose to forage for grass, insects,legumes, as supplementary diet aside from feeds
These stage will help birds develop lean meat due frequentforaging and acquire the taste of native chicken
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Ranging Proper
Provide at least one square meter of range area per chicken Provision fishnet perimeter fence to exclude predators and to
confine chickens
o Fishnet is the material of choice for fencing so as notto block the flow of air
Provide shaded areas as rest areas during hot times of the dayo Improvement of 10-15% in performance was noted ifbirds are provided with shade. A heat stressed bird
will consume less feed than it normally does
Before letting loose chickens in the ranging area,o Confine birds inside the ranging house for at least 3-5
days to allow them to adjust to their new environment
Strategically place waterers inside the range area that can beeasily accessed by the birds
Make sure water provided is clean and regularly replaced.Leftover water from the previous day should be replaced the
next morning
Ranging house should be big enough to accommodate allchicken when it is necessary to confine them at night time or
during bad weather (give at least 1.5 square feet per bird)
Rehabilitation of pasture/range area must be practiced toprevent pasture fatigue which can lead to hyper acidic soilthat can favor the growth of pathogenic microorganisms in
high numbers
Fig 7. Permanent ranging house. Note ranging house was placed on
highest point to prevent flooding inside
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Fig 8. chickens confined for three days inside ranging house tofamiliarize them to their new environment
FEEDING
Three types of feeding management
1. Fast grow system with intensive use of high densityfeeds
CLASSIFICATION: CERTIFIED SEMI-INDUSTRIAL
FREE-RANGE
Expected average live weight of 1.65 kilos in 56 days Brooding time (day old to 21 days)
Feed type: chick booster
Feeding: ad libitum ( full feeding)
frequent but in small amounts
Watering: change water every 3 hours
Ranging time (22 days until harvest time)Feed type:
22-35 days: chick starter
35-56 days: grower finisher feeds
Feeding: Full feeding 3x a day
Watering: provide water as needed
2. Medium grow system with use of mixture of high densityand low density feeds
CLASSIFICATION: STANDARD GROW FREE
RANGE
Expected average live weight of 1.50 kilos in 56 days
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Brooding time (day old to 21 days)Feed type: chick booster
Feeding: frequent but in small amounts
Watering: change water every 3 hours
Ranging time (22 days until harvest time)Feed type:
22-32 days: grower finisher feeds
33-43 days: 50% grower finisher feeds
50% corn grits
44-56 days 35% grower finisher feeds
65% corn grits
Feeding: Full feeding 3x a day
Watering: provide water as needed
3. Slow grow system with use of 30% high density and70% low density feeds and legumes
CLASSIFICATION: SLOW GROW FREE RANGE
Expected average live weight of 1.50 kilos in 70 days
Brooding time (day old to 15 days only)Feed type: chick boosterFeeding: frequent but in small amounts
Watering: change water every 3 hours
Ranging time (16 days until 70 days)
Feed type:
22-32 days: 50% grower finisher feeds50% corn grits
33-55 days: 35% grower finisher feeds
65% corn grits
56-70 days 80% fresh corn
20% binlid/palay
Supplemented with vegetables,
fruits, herbs as additional foodsource
Feeding: Full feeding 3x a day
Watering: provide water as needed
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*GROWTH PERFORMANCE
Performance obtained with crumble feed at 3200 kcal
AGE(days)
WEIGHT(grams)
**FEEDS(g/bird)
FCR
14 251 28 1.22-1.26
21 471 37 1.36-1.40
28 733 47 1.50-1.54
35 1023 62 1.64-1.68
42 1316 70 1.78-1.8349 1601 83 1.91-1.97
56 1877 99 2.06-2.12
63 2136 110 2.21-2.27
70 2405 120 2.37-2.43
*The performance data contained in this graph was obtained from
the results of Hubbards research flocks and flocks of their
customers. In no way does the data contained in this graph constitute
a warranty or guarantee of the same performance under differentconditions of nutrition, density, or physical or biological
environment.
**under Philippine field conditions
COMMON DISEASES/PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED IN FREE
RANGE CHICKEN PRODUCTION
Infectious Coryza New Castle Disease Fowl Pox Worm Infestation External parasite infestation (mites and lice) Diarrhea
Steps in preventing these problems from occurring in your
operations
Vaccinate your birds against NCD and other disease that areprevalent in your area. Vaccination is an accepted practice in
free range farming especially if you are going into
commercial scale of production. It is necessary to consult aveterinarian regarding the right vaccination program
o Vaccination will protect your birds from potentiallydangerous diseases if an outbreak may occur
o Vaccination will protect your birds from diseaseoutbreaks from unvaccinated flocks
Practice good biosecurity in your farmo Although an overused clich, An ounce of prevention
is better than a pound of cure still holds true!o It is of extreme importance to keep your farm and
farm premises as clean as possible to eliminate
possible source of infection
o Limit the number of people coming in and out ofyour farm especially people coming from other farms
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o If possible, practice all in, all out system of rearingo Cull/remove weak or sick birds that would not
recover and practice proper disposal of mortalities to
eliminate risk of possible source of infection
Adapt a deworming program for your operations as freerange chickens are more predisposed to internal parasites due
to prolonged contact with the ground.
Basic Farm Layout
Fig 10. basic farm layout
REMINDERS!!!
BOUNTY FRESH FREE RANGE COLORED BROILERS ARE
NOT INTENDED FOR BREEDING!
PROGENY FROM BOUNTY FRESH FREE RANGE BROILERS
WOULD BE LOWER IN PERFORMANCE COMPARED TO
THEIR PARENTS.
BREEDING BOUNTY FRESH FREE RANGE BROILERS WITH
EACH OTHER WOULD BE INBREEDING AS THESE
CHICKENS ARE CLOSELY RELATED AND WOULD RESULT
IN DECREASED PERFORMANCE OF OFFSPRING AS WELL
AS INCREASED SUSCEPTIBILITY TO DISEASES
References:
Basic Manual for HAPPY FARMERS CHOICE FREE RANGE
CHICKEN MEAT production. Dr. Erwin Cruz