Ballarat Clarendon College - Planning Scheme Amendment C207 · cars to use arterial roads rather...

BALLARAT CLARENDON COLLEGE - PLANNING SCHEME AMENDMENT C207 - JANUARY 2019 1

Ballarat Clarendon College - Planning Scheme

Amendment C207 Social Impact Assessment

Prepared by Dr Kate Kerkin

K2 Planning Pty Ltd

26th January 2019


Contents

1. Statement of Expertise ............................................................................................................ 4

2. Key Findings .......................................................................................................................... 5

3. Application Details .................................................................................................................. 9

4. Relevant Legislation and Policy ............................................................................................... 16

4.1 State Government of Victoria .............................................................................................. 16

4.1 City of Ballarat .................................................................................................................. 21

4.2 Relevant Research ............................................................................................................. 25

5. Social Impact Assessment Approach ....................................................................................... 29

6. Social Impact Assessment ..................................................................................................... 30

6.1 Walkability ....................................................................................................................... 36

6.2 Connectivity and Permeability ............................................................................................. 40

6.3 Community Safety ............................................................................................................. 43

6.4 Heritage Dwellings ............................................................................................................ 55

6.5 Other Social Impacts ......................................................................................................... 61

7. Summary Social Impact Assessment ....................................................................................... 65

7.1 Mitigating Strategies .......................................................................................................... 71

8. Conclusion ........................................................................................................................... 71

9. References ........................................................................................................................... 72

10. Curriculum Vitae ................................................................................................................... 74


List of Abbreviations

CPTED Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design Principles

RXO Road Closure Overlay

SIA Social Impact Assessment

TDM Transportation Demand Management

VCAT Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal

List of Tables

Table 1: Key Findings and Overall Assessment ..................................................................................... 5

Table 2: Social Impact Levels ............................................................................................................. 7

Table 3: Indicators of Social Impact .................................................................................................. 26

Table 4: Heritage Issues Identified Through Prior Consultations ............................................................ 56

Table 5: 2018 School Rankings – Ballarat Area ................................................................................... 63

Table 6: Social Impact Assessment – Summary Findings ..................................................................... 65

List of Figures

Figure 1: Ballarat Clarendon College - Existing Planning Provisions ......................................................... 9

Figure 2: Site Context ..................................................................................................................... 10

Figure 3: Amendment C207 ............................................................................................................. 11

Figure 4: BCC Senior Campus Master Plan ......................................................................................... 13

Figure 5: Affected Neighbours .......................................................................................................... 14

Figure 6: Proposed Road Closure Overlay (RXO) ................................................................................. 32

Figure 7: Location of Pedestrian Easement ......................................................................................... 32

Figure 8: Redistributed Pedestrian Routes .......................................................................................... 35

Figure 9: Local Area Walkability ........................................................................................................ 36

Figure 10: C805 Bus Stops – Durham Street Walkability ...................................................................... 37

Figure 11: C805 Bus Stops – Wanliss Road Walkability ........................................................................ 38

Figure 12: Wanliss Road and Durham Street - Walkability .................................................................... 38

Figure 13: C805 Bus Stops – East Bound Access ................................................................................. 39

Figure 14: Intersection Efficiency in Area ........................................................................................... 41

Figure 15: Identified Areas of Concern - Community Safety ................................................................. 46

Figure 16: Proximity of Easement to Girls Boarding House ................................................................... 47

Figure 17: Existing Easement – Sturt Street Entry .............................................................................. 48

Figure 18: Existing Easement – Central Area of the Campus ................................................................. 48

Figure 19: Proximity of Easement to Student Movement and Social Clusters .......................................... 50

Figure 20: Master Plan – Campus Heart Space.................................................................................... 51

Figure 21: Master Plan – Proposed Changes to Ajax/Murray Street intersection ...................................... 53

Figure 22: Number of Students per Post Code Area – Student Place of Origin ......................................... 64

Figure 23: Student Numbers 2013 - 2026 .......................................................................................... 64


1. Statement of Expertise

Personal Details

My name is Kathryn (Kate) Lynne Kerkin and I am the Director of K2 Planning Pty Ltd, P.O. Box 6282 Highton

Victoria (ABN 43 691 437 127). I hold a Bachelor of Arts (Hons 1) degree from the Australian National

University majoring in urban geography and social planning, a Master of Public Policy (University of New

England) and a PhD in Architecture and Planning (University of Melbourne). I have over 25 years’ experience

in urban and social planning. I am a member of the Planning Institute of Australia (PIA) and a Certified Planning

Practitioner. A copy of my curriculum vitae is attached to this statement.

Area of Expertise

My area of expertise includes socio-demographic analysis, policy analysis and social planning. I have

undertaken work in these areas across the sectors of housing policy, community plans and vision, social impact

assessment, community facilities planning and gaming. I have prepared expert evidence reports providing a

social impact assessment for residential subdivisions, retirements villages, a liquor licence application, and

planning permit applications for electronic gaming machines in a range of municipalities.

Instructions

I have been instructed in this matter by HWL Ebsworth Lawyers, who are acting on behalf of the Ballarat

Clarendon College (the College), in its application for Planning Scheme Amendment C207 to the Ballarat

Planning Scheme related to the Ballarat Clarendon College Sturt Street Campus (The Amendment). I have

been instructed to prepare a limited expert social planning report (Social Impact Assessment (SIA)) addressing

my views on the potential social impacts of the Amendment, specifically:

1. the impact of the closure of the roads as a result of the Amendment including potential connectivity

issues, particularly having regard to changes in land use to the north of Sturt Street

2. the impact on child safety as a result of the proposed closure of the roads (having regard to both

conditions - i.e. public access and no public access)

3. the loss of contributory heritage dwellings as a result of the Amendment and the benefits of upgrades

being undertaken to the heritage buildings on the site (e.g. the Sturt Street frontage) as a result of

the Amendment

4. the benefits to be experienced by the local community as a result of the Amendment, and

5. any other matter I think is appropriate

Preparation

In preparing this evidence statement I have carried out the following Tasks:

• Inspected the Subject Site, and surrounding residential areas.

• Reviewed the applicant’s submission and supporting information.

• Reviewed local and state policy and legislation related to the social impact assessment indicators:

walkability, connectivity and permeability; community safety; and social and cultural heritage.

• Assessed the potential social impacts of the Amendment.

I have been assisted in the preparation of this evidence by Rhys Rappel, Architect who assists K2 Planning in

the production of maps and graphics.


2. Key Findings

This report provides an assessment of the potential social impacts of proposed Planning Scheme Amendment

C207 to the Ballarat Planning Scheme related to the Ballarat Clarendon College Sturt Street Campus (The

Amendment). A range of measures of the potential social impact of the Amendment are drawn from the

relevant legislative, policy and research context and used to conduct this assessment. Table 1 lists these

measures and shows that, overall, the Amendment is likely to have a moderate-high positive social

impact providing a range of benefits to both the local and broader community1. Full details of this

assessment are provided in Section 7, ‘Summary Social Impact Assessment’ (p. 65), below.

Table 1: Key Findings and Overall Assessment

Social Impact Measures Applied to Assessment Identified Social Impact Social Impact Level

Walkability – prior community concerns - adequacy of parking for residents and

College staff - residents in Ajax Street in relation to

impacts to their street car spaces - general concern in relation to school

traffic impacting residential street

Adjustments to the Master Plan have been made in response to these concerns; A Transport Impact Assessment identified: limited impact on the level of traffic; increases to pedestrians is considered acceptable; no traffic engineering grounds which should prohibit the proposal

NEUTRAL

Walkability measures: 1. A five minute walk, the time taken for

the average person to walk 400 metres; If the walking environment is favourable, an average of 1.2 kilometres in good conditions

2. Maintain existing levels of access to destinations and services

3. Fewer crossing points spaced around 500 metres

Walkable access to key church destinations north of the campus is no longer needed Walkability to existing key destinations (bus stops) will continue to meet the 400 mtr measure if the pedestrian easement is removed

NEUTRAL

Connectivity and Permeability measures: 1. Direct, desirable routes to schools and

public transport 2. Easy access to key destinations for

pedestrians 3. Continuous accessible paths of travel 4. Accessibly located public transport

stops 5. Active street frontages, legible

pedestrian circulation routes that are not compromised or interrupted by traffic calming devices or car access

6. A highly permeable network has many short links, numerous intersections, and minimal dead-ends - density of connections

7. Travel distances decrease and route options increase

8. Limited road connectivity to encourage cars to use arterial roads rather than local streets and promote walking as the local trip mode

The following features of the local street network will remain after the Amendment, despite the removal of the pedestrian easement and proposed road closures:

- direct routes to bus stops - the provision of continuous accessible

pathways - a highly permeable street network

NEUTRAL

1 NB: ‘Local community’ comprises residents, visitors and workers of the College and adjacent residential streets; ‘broader community’ comprises residents of the City of Ballarat and participants of the Ballarat secondary education sector.



Community Safety measures: 1. Co-locate movement routes to increase

natural surveillance 2. Locate paths to permit views of activity

for safety and security 3. Avoid dense shrubbery around

pedestrian routes and set plants well back from paths

4. Identify the safety implications of places where movement options are limited such as pedestrian bridges, enclosed pathways and stairways.

5. Develop solutions to reduce vulnerability, such as increasing visibility, lighting and adjacent activity at these places

6. Eliminate all potential entrapment spots within a reasonable distance (30 metres) of commonly-used pedestrian paths

7. Physically integrate pedestrian/cycle paths and crossings into surrounding areas to avoid predictability of movement

8. Avoid Cul-de-sacs except where pedestrian access is provided to link with other streets

9. Avoid land uses, subdivision and design features that act as physical barriers and impede access to key destinations

The proposal to relocate the girls boarding house will remove a high degree of public risk Removal of the pedestrian easement will greatly increase the safety of the campus for students (responding to recent changes to Child Safety laws in Victoria, discussed in Section 4: Relevant Legislation and Policy) The proposed changes to the intersection of Ajax and Murray Streets present significant improvements in this area in terms of community safety, including increased opportunities for passive surveillance and a clear sense of social identity in the campus area

POSITIVE MODERATE- HIGH

Heritage dwellings policy goals: 1. Conserve, protect, and enhance the

fabric of identified heritage places and precincts.

2. Identify and protect heritage places, including maintaining the visual prominence of heritage buildings and landmarks.

3. Discourage the demolition of buildings and other elements of identified local, state and national heritage significance.

A Heritage Assessment of the Amendment finds that: … The proposed scheme…represents an acceptable outcome with respect to the heritage values of Ajax Street and the wider precinct

NEUTRAL

Social and Cultural Heritage measures: 1. Public places where people gather and

act as a community/places of 'meeting'/places with special meaning for particular communities

2. Places of 'resort' and public entertainment

3. 'Communities' 4. Places associated with recent significant

events 5. Commemorative places 6. Usefulness - some places are valued

because they are useful, but would not be mourned if demolished and

None of these social or cultural heritage contributors will be impacted by the Amendment

It could be argued that community attitudes towards the existing pedestrian easement on the campus reflect the social or cultural value of 'Usefulness'

The connectivity and permeability assessment, above, shows that pedestrian networks will maintain access to key destinations

NEUTRAL



replaced, the value relates to our need for that function rather than our attachment to the fabric of that place

Other Social Impacts - Development of Sports Facilities

A range of social benefits of these sports facilities have been identified in prior work including: - improved health and well-being outcomes for

students - Increased amount of usable open space per

student

- Efficient delivery of the physical education and cocurricular sports program

- Enhancement of regional infrastructure

POSITIVE MODERATE

Other Social Impacts - Changes to the Sturt Street front of the Campus

A Heritage Assessment identifies these aspects of the Amendment as constituting a ‘positive heritage outcome’ contributing to the heritage significance of the area

POSITIVE MODERATE

Other Social Impacts - Role of the College in the educational community of Ballarat

The College plays an important role in the educational community of Ballarat. The Amendment will allow the College to provide appropriate facilities and campus environment for forecast student numbers

POSITIVE LOW

Overall Social Impact of Amendment POSITIVE

MODERATE

Table 2: Social Impact Levels

Positive Social Impact

NEUTRAL No identified social

impact

LOW Positive social impact

providing minor benefits to the local

community

MODERATE Positive social impact providing moderate level benefits to the

local and broader community

HIGH Positive social impact providing high level

of benefit to the local and broader community

Negative Social Impact

NEUTRAL No identified social

impact

LOW Low level negative

social impact that can be reduced through mediating strategies

MODERATE Moderate level

negative social impact that should be

reduced through mediating strategies

HIGH High level negative social impact that

should, but may not, be reduced through mediating strategies

Source: K2 Planning

Overriding social benefits of the Amendment include:

1. Increased student safety on campus

2. Significant community safety improvements in adjacent streets with increased opportunities for

passive surveillance and a clear sense of social identity in open space areas

3. Safe and successful development of a ‘campus heart’ supporting student activities and interaction on

campus

4. Improved sporting facilities contributing to increased health and wellbeing and physical education

outcomes for students

5. Enhanced regional sporting infrastructure

6. Appropriate facilities and campus environment for forecast student numbers


Potential Risks and Mitigating Strategies:

The Assessment of the Amendment using measures of ‘walkability’ finds that limitations are evident in the

current provision of crossing points on Sturt Street: i.e. The distance between the two existing crossing points

is approximately 550 mtrs which does not meet the 400 mtr walkability measure. Given the flatness of the

topography however, it could be argued that these crossing points do meet the walkability measure of 1.2

kilometres in good conditions.

As a potential mitigating strategy to reduce this risk, the College should continue to work with the City of

Ballarat as the lead agency, to negotiate with Vic Roads to ensure that safe and accessible crossing points are

provided on Sturt Street that ensure ongoing student and resident access to bus stops in this area.


3. Application Details

Ballarat Clarendon College (the campus) is located on 6.4 hectares in Newington, Ballarat, with the main

entrance at 1425 Sturt Street. The campus is bound by:

- Sturt Street to the north

- Wanliss Road and St. Patrick’s College to the west

- Junction Street and residential development to the south

- Murray Street and residential development to the east

The campus site is currently zoned:

- Special Use Zone – Schedule 5 Private Education Establishment (SUZ5)

- General Residential Zone (GRZ1) (Figure 1)

Figure 1: Ballarat Clarendon College - Existing Planning Provisions

Source: SED Advisory 2018 Ballarat Clarendon College Planning scheme amendment and planning permit application, Presentation

The campus site is subject to the following overlays:

Heritage Overlay

- HO124 – House and Garden, 1421 Sturt Street, Newington

- HO164 – West Ballarat Heritage Precinct


Design and Development Overlay

- DDO11 – Urban Character Area 17 West of Pleasant Street

- DDO20 – Ballarat Base Hospital Helicopter Flight Paths Protection Area (Outer Area)

Vegetation Protection Overlay

- VPO2 – Urban Character Vegetation

(Source: SED Advisory 2018 Ballarat Clarendon College Planning scheme amendment and planning permit application, Presentation)

The campus accommodates the Ballarat Clarendon College ‘Senior Campus’ with 965 students currently

attending, with approximately 150 of these being borders living on the campus. The most recent addition to

the campus was the Science Centre fronting Ajax Street which was completed in 2014 (Figure 22). The College

is seeking a to increase the number of students enrolled by up to 25 students per year over the next 10 years

up to a maximum of 1,195 students in 2027.


2 Planning decisions related to this recent addition are provided in Ballarat and Clarendon College v Ballarat City Council [2012] Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal VCAT 1105 Tribunal Decision (Source: Adapted from SED Advisory 2018 Ballarat Clarendon College Planning scheme amendment and planning permit application, Presentation).

Figure 2: Site Context


The Amendment

Ballarat Clarendon College at 1425 Sturt Street, Ballarat (the College) have prepared Planning Scheme

Amendment C207 (Amendment) to the Ballarat Planning Scheme (Scheme). The Amendment will make the

following changes:

1. Apply the Special Use Zone – Schedule 5 Private Education Establishment (SUZ5) to all of the land

owned by BCC at the Senior Campus (Figure 3)

2. Apply the Road Closure Overlay (RXO) to terminate vehicular access at the northern end of Murray

Street

3. Apply the RXO to terminate vehicular access at the western end of Ajax Street

4. include the Ballarat Clarendon College Sturt Street Campus Master Plan 2017-2030 (Master Plan) as

a reference document in the Scheme.

(Source: Adapted from SED Advisory 2018 Ballarat Clarendon College Planning scheme amendment and planning permit application, Presentation)

Source: State Government of Victoria Environment, Land, Water and Planning

Figure 3: Amendment C207


The Amendment also includes a planning permit via Section 96A of the Planning and Environment Act 1987

(Act) that proposes the following:

1. works to retain and reuse 15 Ajax Street as a school building associated with the open space sports

facility

2. relocation (off-site) or demolition of three dwellings (21 and 23 Ajax Street and 1 Murray Street)

subject to the Heritage Overlay

3. relocation of the dwelling at 19 Ajax Street onto 17 Ajax Street and associated works to retain and

reuse the building as a pavilion

4. development of a multi-purpose hard-surface (synthetic grass) sports playing field including cricket

nets with associated fencing, buffer planting along its eastern and southern boundaries and a 1

megalitre underground stormwater detention tank

5. demolition of the front Section of the girls boarding house (consisting of a unit and carport) and the

removal of existing tennis courts either side of the easement fronting Sturt Street

6. removal of the easement that covers the pedestrian walkway between Sturt and Murray Street

7. a combination of hard and soft landscaping treatments, including fencing within the front setback to

Sturt Street, replacing the tennis courts and flat/carport, and

8. development of a staff carpark in the south-western corner of the Campus at the corner of Wanliss

Road and Junction Street in place of the existing cricket nets

(Source: HWL Ebsworth Lawyers, December 2018; refer to Figure 4)

Progress of the Amendment to Date

Ballarat City Council (Council) resolved to seek authorisation to prepare and exhibit the Amendment on 2 May

2018. The Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning (DELWP) requested a number of changes

to the Amendment package as conditions to the authorisation of the Amendment which have been addressed.

It is my understanding that the Amendment was submitted to DELWP on or about 17 October 2018 for approval

prior to exhibition.

Council has requested that a Social Impact Assessment (SIA) be prepared on an urgent basis so that such a

document is made available to those people interested in the Amendment to inspect during the exhibition

period. Council, via its lawyers, has made this request for the following reasons:

- Council's review of the Amendment package indicates that no detailed or 'useful' independent analysis

of the various community benefits and dis benefits or broader social effects to be occasioned by the

Amendment have been considered;

- the SIA will assist in integrated decision making including the consideration of the heritage impact of

the loss of contributory heritage fabric; and

- the SIA will assist in balancing the competing interests concerning the alternate use of the road to the

current use proposed by the Amendment.



Prior Consultations

A range of prior consultations have been conducted on behalf of the Clarendon College Ballarat in relation to

the Amendment. Key stakeholders engaged through these consultations have include:

1. City of Ballarat: Officers/Units; Councillors; Heritage Advisory Committee

2. Local Residents

3. Organisations/Groups including: Committee for Ballarat; Commerce Ballarat; ‘Old Collegians/Alumni’;

Current parents/School community; Heritage Watch; Ballarat Courier; Planning Panels Victoria;

Department of Education

4. General Public

5. Submitters/objectors3

3 Source: Adapted from SED Advisory Ballarat and Clarendon College Senior Campus Section 96 Planning Scheme Amendment Key Stakeholder List (DRAFT)

Figure 4: BCC Senior Campus Master Plan


These prior consultations identified stakeholders that may be directly or indirectly affected by the Amendment

or have an interest in a specific component of the college’s project (Figure 5). A community engagement

process was conducted relevant to each identified stakeholder. Findings from these engagements that are

relevant to this social impact assessment are considered in the relevant Section below.

Source: SED Advisory 2018 Ballarat Clarendon College Local Stakeholder Mapping, December

Relevant Prior Reports

Significant prior work has been conducted in relation to the Amendment including:

1. Ministerial Direction Ballarat C207

2. SED Advisory Ballarat Clarendon College Feedback and Summary Responses

3. SED Advisory 2018 Ballarat Clarendon College Community Engagement - Summary and Responses

4. Ballarat Clarendon College Sturt Street Campus Masterplan – Update to Neighbours 10 May 2017

5. Ballarat Clarendon College Sturt Street Campus Masterplan Public Relations and Engagement Strategy

6. SED Advisory Ballarat and Clarendon College Senior Campus Section 96 Planning Scheme Amendment

7. Ballarat Clarendon College Signed Planning Permit Application

Figure 5: Affected Neighbours


8. Thomson Hay Landscape Architects 2017 Ballarat Clarendon College - Tree Assessment Plan

9. SED Advisory 2016 Ballarat Clarendon College Economic Impact Assessment Final Report June

10. Bryce Raworth Pty Ltd 2017 Proposed Demolition and Vehicle Turning Point Ballarat and Clarendon

College Ajax & Murray Streets, Newington - Heritage Issues

11. One Mile Grid 2017 Clarendon College Transport Impact Assessment, July

12. One Mile Grid 2017a Clarendon College Traffic & Parking Management Plan, July

13. SED 2017 Sturt Street Campus Master Plan Stakeholder Engagement Summary Ballarat Clarendon

College Final Report, June

14. SED Advisory 2018 Ballarat Clarendon College Local Stakeholder Mapping, December

15. SED Advisory 2018 Ballarat Clarendon College Planning scheme amendment and planning permit

application, Presentation

16. SED Advisory 2018 Sturt Street Campus Master Plan 2017-2030 Planning Report Ballarat Clarendon

College April

17. SED Advisory 2016 Ballarat Clarendon College – Contribution to Regions and People Final Report,

January

18. Ballarat Clarendon College City of Ballarat Road Discontinuation Application Form

19. Ballarat Clarendon College Sturt Street Campus Master Plan 2017 - 2030

20. Williams Boag Architects Sturt Street Elevation

21. Williams Boag Architects Ajax Street Elevation

22. Williams Boag Architects Existing Campus Condition and Proposed Master Plan

23. MDG Ballarat Clarendon College – Landscape Concept Plans

Prior Council consideration of plans for the Clarendon College Ballarat

24. City of Ballarat Special Ordinary Council Meeting 16 May 2018 Council Chamber, Town Hall, Sturt

Street, Ballarat MINUTES Public Copy

25. City of Ballarat Ordinary Council Meeting 2 May 2018 Council Chamber, Town Hall, Sturt Street,

Ballarat AGENDA Public Copy

Tribunal consideration of plans for the Clarendon College Ballarat

26. Ballarat and Clarendon College v Ballarat City Council [2012] Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal

VCAT 1105 Tribunal decision

Key issues from this prior work that are relevant to the social impact assessment will be considered in the

relevant Sections, below.


4. Relevant Legislation and Policy

This Section provides an overview of the current legislation and policy that guides a social impact assessment

of the Amendment. Key criteria from this legislation and policy context are used to develop indicators of social

impact that will be applied to the current assessment.

4.1 State Government of Victoria4

A number of Clauses of the Victorian Planning Provisions are relevant to the current Social Impact Assessment.

This Section highlights Sections of each relevant Clause only, with emphasis added to identify criteria that are

specifically relevant to a social impact assessment.

Clause 11: Settlement

Planning is to facilitate sustainable development that takes full advantage of existing settlement patterns and

investment in transport, utility, social, community and commercial infrastructure and services.

Clause 15: Built Environment and Heritage

• Planning is to recognise the role of urban design, building design, heritage and energy and resource

efficiency in delivering liveable and sustainable cities, towns and neighbourhoods

• Planning should protect places and sites with significant heritage, architectural, aesthetic, scientific and

cultural value

• Planning must support the establishment and maintenance of communities by delivering functional,

accessible, safe and diverse physical and social environments, through the appropriate location of use

and development and through high quality buildings and urban design

• Planning should promote development that is environmentally sustainable and should minimise

detrimental impacts on the built and natural environment. Planning should promote excellence in the built

environment and create places that:

- Are enjoyable, engaging and comfortable to be in

- Accommodate people of all abilities, ages and cultures

- Contribute positively to local character and sense of place

- Reflect the particular characteristics and cultural identity of the community

- Enhance the function, amenity and safety of the public realm

Clause 15.01-1S Urban Design

Objective To create urban environments that are safe, healthy, functional and enjoyable and that contribute

to a sense of place and cultural identity.

Strategies include:

• Require development to respond to its context in terms of character, cultural identity, natural features,

surrounding landscape and climate

4 NB: HWL Ebsworth Lawyers have also cited the Child Wellbeing and Safety Act 2005 in relation to the current assessment. Reference to this Act is considered in ‘Community Safety’, below.


• Ensure development contributes to community and cultural life by improving the quality of living and

working environments, facilitating accessibility and providing for inclusiveness

• Ensure the interface between the private and public realm protects and enhances personal safety

• Ensure development supports public realm amenity and safe access to walking and cycling environments

and public transport

• Ensure that the design and location of publicly accessible private spaces, including car parking areas,

forecourts and walkways, is of a high standard, creates a safe environment for users and enables easy

and efficient use

• Ensure that development provides landscaping that supports the amenity, attractiveness and safety of

the public realm

• Ensure that development, including signs, minimises detrimental impacts on amenity, on the natural

and built environment and on the safety and efficiency of roads

15.01-2S Building Design

Objective To achieve building design outcomes that contribute positively to the local context and enhance the

public realm.

Strategies include:

• Ensure development responds and contributes to the strategic and cultural context of its location

• Minimise the detrimental impact of development on neighbouring properties, the public realm and the

natural environment

• Ensure the form, scale, and appearance of development enhances the function and amenity of the public

realm

• Ensure buildings and their interface with the public realm support personal safety, perceptions of safety

and property security

• Ensure development is designed to protect and enhance valued landmarks, views and vistas

• Ensure development provides safe access and egress for pedestrians, cyclists and vehicles

• Ensure development provides landscaping that responds to its site context, enhances the built form and

creates safe and attractive spaces

• Encourage development to retain existing vegetation

Clause 15.01-3S Subdivision Design

Objective To ensure the design of subdivisions achieves attractive, safe, accessible, diverse and sustainable

neighbourhoods.

Strategies include:

• In the development of new residential areas and in the redevelopment of existing areas, subdivision

should be designed to create liveable and sustainable communities by:

- Creating compact neighbourhoods that have walkable distances between activities

• Reduce car dependency by allowing for:

- Convenient and safe public transport

- Safe and attractive spaces and networks for walking and cycling

- Subdivision layouts that allow easy movement within and between neighbourhoods


- A convenient and safe road network

- Being accessible to people with disabilities

Clause 15.01-4S Healthy Neighbourhoods

Objective To achieve neighbourhoods that foster healthy and active living and community wellbeing.

Strategies include:

• Design neighbourhoods that foster community interaction and make it easy for people of all ages and

abilities to live healthy lifestyles and engage in regular physical activity by providing:

- Connected, safe, pleasant and attractive walking and cycling networks that enable and promote

walking and cycling as a part of daily life

- Streets with direct, safe and convenient access to destinations

- Accessibly located public transport stops

- Amenities and protection to support physical activity in all weather conditions

Clause 19.02-2S Education Facilities

Objective To assist the integration of education and early childhood facilities with local and regional

communities.

Strategies include:

• Locate childcare, kindergarten and primary school facilities to maximise access by public transport and

safe walking and cycling routes

• Ensure childcare, kindergarten and primary school facilities provide safe vehicular drop-off zones

• Locate secondary school and tertiary education facilities in designated education precincts and areas that

are highly accessible to public transport

• Ensure streets and accessways adjoining education and early childhood facilities are designed to

encourage safe bicycle and pedestrian access

Other State Government Acts and guidelines relevant to the current assessment include:

Plan Melbourne

- A ’20 minute city’ with 95% of Melbourne residents living in urban villages within 1km of day to day

services, including healthy food options, a primary school, cafés, medical services and high quality

open space

- All areas of Melbourne connected by convenient, high frequency, direct public transport. Re-focusing

transport expenditure away from new freeways, towards other transport needs

- Auditing of walking access around all major public projects to identify and fund priority pedestrian

works, as a condition of funding

- Developing targets for walking, such as increasing walking from 3.4% of journey to work in 2011 to

7% by 2021; and 35% of primary school students and 25% of secondary school students walking to

school by 2021


The Victorian Public Health and Wellbeing Act 2008

The objectives of the Act are to achieve the highest standards of public health and wellbeing by:

• Protecting public health and preventing disease, illness, injury, disability or premature death

• Promoting conditions in which people can be healthy

• Reducing inequalities in the state of public health and wellbeing

Design Principle that inform the Victorian Planning Provisions, specifically Clause 15.01-1S Urban Design,

above include:

• Provide footpaths on both sides of all streets except where the road surface is so narrow that cars are

expected to share the space with pedestrians

• Ensure pathway networks connect with arterial networks to travel longer distances (particularly relevant

for cycle use)

(Source: Australian Standard 1428 Parts 1 & 2, Part 13 AustRoads Guide to Traffic Engineering Practice)

To provide convenient paths with generous proportions to encourage walking and cycling and promote

natural surveillance. Relevant Design Suggestions include:

4.4.3 There should be at least one safe through-route in all parks, with frequent ’escape routes’ linking the

through-route to surrounding streets and car parks

4.4.5 Ensure vegetation does not obscure lighting, either during its growth phase or at maturity

5.1.1 When designing new areas or undertaking a safety audit of existing areas, co-locate movement routes

to increase natural surveillance

5.2.1 Provide pedestrian/cycle crossing points of busy roads along direct, desirable routes to schools, parks,

shopping centres and public transport stops. Avoid inconvenient locations for these street crossings.

Evidence suggests that people often seek a direct route to their destination even where this involves

informal crossings of busy roads. The simple provision of a marked street crossing positioned at a

direct desire line for vehicular traffic movement is no guarantee of its use. Crossings should be

positioned, where possible, to meet pedestrian and cycle desire lines of movement

5.2.2 Ensure pedestrian circulation routes are not compromised or interrupted by traffic calming devices.

Roundabouts present specific problems for ease of pedestrian movement. Designed to ease vehicle

traffic flow, they can feed a flow of gap-free traffic ‘downwind’ of the roundabout, which reduces the

ability for safe, informal street crossings by pedestrians. Providing a median in the centre of the road

provides pedestrians with the opportunity to cross more safely

5.2.3 Ensure that paths are a minimum of 1.2 metres wide to allow pedestrians to walk two abreast

5.2.4 Ensure that continuous accessible paths of travel requirements are met (Australian Standard 1428)

5.3.1 Provide clear sightlines along pedestrian/cycle routes to assist navigation and provide visibility of

potential hazards such as people or cars entering or crossing the path. Pedestrians and cyclists need

to be clear about where they can move to and from

5.3.2 Locate paths to permit views of activity, as well as for safety and security

5.3.3 Avoid dense shrubbery around pedestrian routes and set plants well back from paths


5.3.4 Eliminate all potential entrapment spots within a reasonable distance (30 metres) of commonly-used

pedestrian paths

5.3.6 Physically integrate pedestrian/cycle paths and crossings into surrounding areas to avoid predictability

of movement, fixed paths or routes that offer no choice to pedestrians. A potential offender will be

able to predict where a person is going to end up. This can turn path users into potential crime targets.

For example, pedestrian tunnels, narrow passageways, pedestrian bridges, moving escalators and

staircases all serve as effective predictors of a user’s route. Such ‘movement predictors’ are of

particular concern when they are isolated or terminate in entrapment spots.

5.3.7 Identify the safety implications of places where movement options are limited such as pedestrian

bridges, enclosed pathways and stairways. Develop solutions to reduce vulnerability, such as

increasing visibility, lighting and adjacent activity at these places. A safety audit carried out by groups

of local users, facilitated by an experienced safety expert, is one of the most effective means of

identifying these patterns of heightened physical risk.

(Source: Safer Design Guidelines for Victoria - Department of Sustainability and Environment Crime

Prevention Victoria 2018, pp. 34 – 38)

Heart Foundation Victoria Design Guidelines for Healthy Places:

Encourage

• Highly interconnected path network providing choice of walking and cycling routes that lead to local and

regional destinations

• Limited road space to encourage slower traffic speeds and higher pedestrian amenity

• Limited road connectivity to encourage cars to use arterial roads rather than local streets and promote

walking as the local trip mode

• Closure of existing roads while maintaining pedestrian access to increase pedestrian and vehicular safety

by removing unsafe intersections

• Parking on street (rather than indented bays) to slow vehicle speeds

• Improved pedestrian and cyclist safety through the provision of safe street crossings

• Narrow road widths to increase pedestrian crossing opportunities and reduce vehicle speeds

(Source: www.healthyplaces.org.au)

Avoid

• “Gated” communities as they restrict walking and cycling access and reduce the connectivity and

connectivity within and outside the local street network

• Land uses, subdivision and design features that act as physical barriers and impede access to key

destinations

• Cul-de-sacs except where pedestrian access is provided to link with other streets

• Use of roundabouts (prohibit them in retail and high pedestrian volume environments)

(Source: www.healthyplaces.org.au)

http://www.healthyplaces.org.au/



Recent changes to child safety laws in Victoria

HWL Ebsworth Lawyers have provided the College with advice related to recent changes to child safety

laws in Victoria. These changes will have a bearing on the schools future planning and should be considered

in this assessment. The changes are outlined in more detail in ‘Section 6.3: Community Safety’, below and

include:

- Ministerial Order 870 dated December 2015 (Order), made pursuant to the Training Act, requires

schools (such as the College) to take appropriate actions and put in place a range of processes to

ensure children are safe and protected.

- the Child Safety Standards (made pursuant to Section 17 of the Child Safety Act) require schools to

reduce and remove identified risks of child abuse

(Source: Adapted from HWL Ebsworth Letter to SED in relation to Child Safety Laws HWL Lawyers to SED Advisory 2017)

4.1 City of Ballarat

A range of relevant policies at the City of Ballarat also inform the current assessment. Key policy directions,

with emphasis added to identify criteria that are specifically relevant to a social impact assessment, include:

Ballarat Planning Scheme

21.01-2 Community Vision

Our Vision for 2040 outlines what the community values about Ballarat now, the collective hopes for Ballarat’s

future (the vision), and how it is going to achieve the vision (the key principles)

‘Our Vision for 2040’ outlines that Ballarat will be:

- A successful community that has built its future on its beautiful city and great lifestyle

- A proud community that has retained its unique sense of identity

- A desirable city that we love to live and work in, with excellent facilities and services

- A friendly city where the sense of community is a daily cornerstone of our life

- A healthy and safe community that supports and values its residents

21.01-3 Land Use Vision

The Ballarat Strategy (2015) applies the community values and key principles as a long term strategic direction

for Ballarat towards 2040. It outlines the shared community vision for a greener, more vibrant and connected

Ballarat, embracing the following concepts:

The 10 Minute City

The ‘10 Minute City’ concept in Ballarat reflects community aspirations to maintain existing levels of access to

destinations and services even when the city grows over time. It supports the ability for all residents of Ballarat

to be able to do more of their day to day shopping, accessing of services and business in local neighbourhood

centres. It also promotes the improvement of walking and cycling connections in local neighbourhoods so

residents find it easier to move around and reduce the need to use the car for short journeys. It will help guide

growth and change in Ballarat so in 2040 it is a place which has:


• Compact city form

• Complete local neighbourhoods

• Land uses and precincts supporting jobs, productivity and efficiency

• High quality local connections - safe, accessible and permeable neighbourhoods encourage walking, cycling

and public transport as convenient transport options. High amenity public spaces encourage people to use

them, with widespread health and safety benefits

The City in the Landscape The ‘City in the Landscape’ concept reflects Ballarat’s enviable physical, cultural and

historical location within its landscape. It will help guide growth and change in Ballarat so in 2040 it is a place

which:

- Supports urban areas linked and embedded with natural values and biodiversity

- Manages change in its Historic Urban Landscape

- Undertakes integrated local planning as vital for local communities

- Builds upon the mixture of urban and rural areas, which contribute to Ballarat’s identity

- Recognises and responds to a changing climate, and is resilient to environmental impacts and risks

21.06 Built Form, Heritage and Design

Objective 3 To improve the permeability, legibility, safety and comfort of the public realm.

Strategies include

3.1 Facilitate activation of streets, CBD laneways and public spaces

3.2 Ensure new developments in the CBD and Activity Centres provide active street frontages, legible

pedestrian routes including minimising pedestrian disruption from car access

3.3 Ensure built form promotes surveillance of the public realm at all times

21.06-2 Heritage

Ballarat has a rich natural, cultural and historic heritage. The City of Ballarat extends across parts of the

traditional country of the Wadawurrung and Dja Dja Wurrung peoples whom maintain their ongoing connection

with this land. Ballarat’s extensive heritage buildings, structures, features, highly intact historic areas,

archaeology, cultural landscapes, parks and gardens, trees, avenues and natural features are of high cultural

significance and therefore important to the local and wider community. Ballarat’s community considers the

heritage and historic character of Ballarat as its most valued features and that these elements must be retained

into the future. Ballarat’s heritage resources must be protected, conserved and enhanced for its conservation,

cultural and tourism potential as well as ensuring that what makes Ballarat distinctive isn’t lost. Ballarat’s

heritage includes places of national, state and local significance.

Objective 4 To protect, conserve and enhance areas, features, structures and sites of historic, aboriginal,

natural and cultural significance.

Strategies include:

4.1 Conserve, protect, and enhance the fabric of identified heritage places and precincts

4.2 Identify and protect heritage places, including maintaining the visual prominence of heritage buildings

and landmarks

4.3 Encourage sympathetic forms of development adjacent to heritage sites


4.4 Ensure alterations to heritage places are carried out in a sympathetic manner with consideration to

the ‘Burra Charter’

4.5 Discourage the demolition of buildings and other elements of identified local, state and national

heritage significance

4.6 Require that new development interprets culturally significant places and respects heritage and

cultural boundaries

4.7 Protect pre and post contact Aboriginal cultural heritage

21.07-1 Economic Growth

Ballarat’s economic development is both continuing and changing in equal measure. While manufacturing

remains a mainstay of the local economy, mining, agriculture and an increasingly important construction sector

are significant contributors to the surrounding region. Service industries from professional services, education,

health, retail, cultural and government are all represented in Ballarat and have been growing strongly over

the past decade. The diversity of the local economy across primary, secondary and tertiary economic sectors

is one of its great strengths. Ballarat’s economy has rebounded strongly from the global financial crisis;

moreover the economy has continued to diversify and develop new sectors with more traditional sectors

becoming more sophisticated. Businesses in Ballarat are adapting to the requirements of an open economy

and rapid changes in technologies and customer needs. Encouraging the co-location of business, education

and research in close proximity to the CBD will strengthen Ballarat’s competitive and innovative capacity and

its role in Western Victoria as a centre of knowledge, innovation and research.

Objective 1 To encourage a city structure which supports growth and productivity in key economic industries.

Strategies

1.1 Ensure adequate land supply for industrial and commercial growth

1.2 Plan for growth within regionally significant precincts

It is also noted that the Clarendon College Ballarat is located within the Sturt Street Education Cluster and the

planning scheme acknowledges the need for continued growth of this land use.

City Ballarat Council Plan 2017 – 2021

OUR VISION A proud city that is bold, vibrant and thriving

OUR MISSION Working together we create a better future for our city

Goals

LIVEABILITY Improve our community ’s quality of life

We will provide inclusive and accessible public spaces; quality services; and opportunities for our community

to participate, feel safe and be active and healthy

What we’ll aim for:

- A welcoming, inclusive, active and socially-connected city for all ages and abilities

- Healthy cultural life and creative expression through multi-arts, culture and heritage

- Well-used public spaces for living, learning and social engagement

- Public sports and recreation facilities to increase passive and active community participation

- Safe and accessible community spaces and facilities

- A community of respect and equality


Municipal Public Health and Wellbeing Plan 2017-2021

Priority 1 ‘Healthy Eating, Active Living’

Objectives include:

- Increase the level of physical activity residents undertake each week

- Decrease sedentary behaviour

- Create supportive environments

- Encourage cycling and walking by improving connectivity of paths, improved safety and amenity

- Support key settings including early childhood services, schools and workplaces to promote cycling

and walking as a means of transport

- Encourage the use of cycling, walking and public transport to attend community events

- Support key settings including schools and workplaces to reduce sedentary behaviour

- Reduce barriers to participation in sports and recreation

Priority 3: ‘Preventing Violence and Injury’

Objectives include:

- Reduce prevalence of family violence and increase gender equity

- Increase community safety

- Reduce the rate of alcohol and other drug related harm

- Use design principles which enhance safety and wellbeing for development and upgrades of community

spaces and facilities

Community Safety Strategic Statement 2017-2021

Health and wellbeing key priority include preventing violence and injury including:

- Reduce prevalence of family violence and increase gender equity Increase community safety

- Reduce the rate of alcohol and other drug related harm

- Improving mental health

- Healthy eating and active living

Principles that underpin the Plan include:

- Placemaking for Safe and Healthy Places and Spaces

- Community safety has major implications for Ballarat’s health, economy and social wellbeing

- Good design, lighting and effective use of the urban environment through placemaking helps reduce

the opportunity for crime, as well as reduce the fear of crime and increase feelings of safety


4.2 Relevant Research

Key Definitions discussed in relevant research that inform a social impact assessment of the Amendment

include:

Connectivity (or permeability) refers to the directness of links and the density of connections in a transport

network. Connectivity affects the degree to which transportation networks such as streets, walking and cycling

paths, connect people to their destinations (including intermediate destinations such as public transport

services). Good connectivity provides easy access to key destinations for pedestrians. Excellent connectivity

actively seeks to discourage car use by making local trips easier and more pleasant by foot than by car.

A highly permeable network has many short links, numerous intersections, and minimal dead-ends. As

connectivity increases, travel distances decrease and route options increase, allowing more direct travel

between destinations, creating a more accessible and resilient transportation system (Victorian Transport

Policy Institute, Transportation Demand Management (TDM) Encyclopedia, 2009)

Permeability - When combined with mixed use planning (see separate Fact Sheet), a permeable path network

significantly increases the opportunities for residents to walk to undertake daily tasks, rather than drive.

Studies have proven a link between network connectivity and use of active transport or car dependence

http://www.onethousandfriendsoforegon.org/resources/lut_reports.html

By providing path connections around every 100 metres a suburb will be highly permeable and more likely to

encourage pedestrian trips. Where major barriers (such as creeks and railway lines) make connections

expensive to provide, the network should confluence around fewer crossing points spaced around 500 metres

apart. www.healthyplaces.org.au

Walkability - Many people refer to 400 metres being a “reasonable” distance for people to walk. This stems

from United States research in the 1960s. The purpose was to consider walking distances to public transport

facilities. A “reasonable” walking distance is likely to be affected by location, topography, weather, pedestrian

facilities, trip purpose and cultural factors. While a five minute walk (the time taken for the average person to

walk 400 metres) may seem like a reasonable benchmark, it will not provide for a person’s daily exercise

needs alone. More recent studies have shown that people are willing to walk much greater distances if the

walking environment is favourable (an average of 1.2 kilometres in good conditions)

www.healthyplaces.org.au

Social and Cultural Heritage - Examples of places of social value can be grouped into the following

categories:

1. Public places - Most people identified 'public places' or the 'public face' of all architecture (i.e. the parts

of the 'private environment' that are part of the public sphere including streetscapes)

2. Places of 'meeting' - Informal meeting places e.g. Flinders Street Station clocks (Melbourne)

3. Places of 'resort' and public entertainment - Types of places suggested included theatres, showgrounds,

cricket grounds, community halls, bushland reserves close to urban centres, beaches, piers, public

http://www.onethousandfriendsoforegon.org/resources/lut_reports.html




parks and gardens. Specific examples in Melbourne included Kooyong tennis stadium and the Regent

Theatre.

4. 'Communities' Localities such as Carlton, Melbourne, were seen as a special place that people now

visit because of the associations with Italian culture and alternative theatre. While much evidence of

this has disappeared, the locality remains identified with these two groups

5. Places associated with recent significant events and events long past, and their heritage value may be

seen as historic value

6. Commemorative places – eg. memorials

7. Places with special meaning for particular communities: Examples of a special attachment to a place

may include a long standing spiritual or religious attachment or may overlap with one of the above

categories5

Table 3 draws on the above legislation and policy context to develop a list of measures that will be applied to

the social impact assessment of the Amendment in the following Sections.

Table 3: Measures of Social Impact

Impact Category Measures of Social Impact

Walkability

Overriding policy goal includes Ensure a welcoming, inclusive, active and socially-connected city for all ages and abilities Measures of walkability are:

1. A five minute walk, the time taken for the average person to walk 400 metres If the walking environment is favourable, an average of 1.2 kilometres in good conditions

2. Maintain existing levels of access to destinations and services 3. Fewer crossing points spaced around 500 metres

Connectivity and Permeability

Connectivity (or permeability) refers to the directness of links and the density of connections in a transport network. Overriding policy goals include:

1. Ensure improvement of walking and cycling connections in local neighbourhoods

2. Ensure streets and accessways adjoining education and early childhood facilities are designed to encourage safe bicycle and pedestrian access.

3. Encourage the use of cycling, walking and public transport to attend community events

4. Increase the opportunities for residents to walk to undertake daily tasks 5. Improve the permeability, legibility, safety and comfort of the public realm

Measures of connectivity and permeability are:

1. Direct, desirable routes to schools and public transport 2. Easy access to key destinations for pedestrians 3. Continuous accessible paths of travel 4. Accessibly located public transport stops 5. Active street frontages, legible pedestrian circulation routes that are not

compromised or interrupted by traffic calming devices or car access

5 Source: Adapted from Johnston, C. 1992 What is social value? A Discussion Paper Context Pty Ltd Commonwealth of Australia, p. 6; and Byrne et al. 2003 Social Significance - a Discussion Paper, NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service, June, pp. 6–10.




7. Travel distances decrease and route options increase 8. Limited road connectivity to encourage cars to use arterial roads rather

than local streets and promote walking as the local trip mode

Community Safety

Overriding policy goals include:

1. Increased community safety 2. Well-used public spaces for living, learning and social engagement 3. Built form that promotes surveillance of the public realm at all times 4. Safe and accessible community spaces and facilities that enable and promote

walking and cycling as a part of daily life Measures of community safety are:

1. Co-locate movement routes to increase natural surveillance 2. Locate paths to permit views of activity for safety and security 3. Avoid dense shrubbery around pedestrian routes and set plants well back from

paths 4. Identify the safety implications of places where movement options are limited

such as pedestrian bridges, enclosed pathways and stairways. Develop solutions to reduce vulnerability, such as increasing visibility, lighting and adjacent activity at these places





Social and Cultural Heritage Overriding policy goals include:

1. Protect, conserve and enhance areas, features, structures and sites of historic, aboriginal, natural and cultural significance

2. Require that new development interprets culturally significant places and respects heritage and cultural boundaries.

Measures of places of social and cultural heritage value include:

1. Public places where people gather and act as a community/Places of 'meeting'/ Places with special meaning for particular communities

2. Places of 'resort' and public entertainment 3. 'Communities' 4. Places associated with recent significant events 5. Commemorative places 1. Usefulness - some places are valued because they are useful, but would not be

mourned if demolished and replaced, the value relates to our need for that function rather than our attachment to the fabric of that place

Heritage significance6 Overriding policy goals include:

6 Consideration of Heritage Value is beyond the scope of the current report. Reference is made to the findings of Bryce

Raworth Pty Ltd 2017 Proposed Demolition and Vehicle Turning Point Ballarat and Clarendon College Ajax & Murray Streets, Newington - Heritage Issues.



1. Conserve, protect, and enhance the fabric of identified heritage places and

precincts. 2. Identify and protect heritage places, including maintaining the visual

prominence of heritage buildings and landmarks. 3. Discourage the demolition of buildings and other elements of identified local,

state and national heritage significance.

This Section provides an overview of current legislation and policy guiding a social impact assessment of the

Amendment. Measures of potential social impacts are drawn from this legislative and policy context and

summarised in Table 3.

The following Sections apply these measures to an assessment of the Amendment.


5. Social Impact Assessment Approach

The following tasks have been undertaken to complete this report:

1. Site visit – Ballarat Clarendon College Sturt Street Campus and adjacent areas

2. Background Analysis - desktop assessment of:

i. Relevant material related to the Amendment

ii. Relevant State and Local Government policy, legislation and planning controls related to the

potential social impacts of: road closures, removal of public access easement, changes to heritage

dwellings

iii. Relevant Victorian and local social impact indicators, including indicators of: walkability,

connectivity and permeability; community safety; social and cultural heritage

3. Social Impact Assessment Report including consideration of:

i. prior community concerns related to the Amendment

ii. the impact of the closure of any roads as a result of the Amendment

iii. the impact of the removal of the public access easement as a result of the Amendment

iv. the impact on social heritage of the loss of contributory heritage dwellings as a result of the

Amendment

v. any benefits of upgrades being undertaken to the heritage buildings on the site as a result of the

Amendment

vi. any benefits to be experienced by the local community as a result of the Amendment

vii. potential positive and negative social impacts associated with the Amendment

viii. mitigating strategies for responding to any identified negative social impacts

(NB: Criteria used to assess the potential social impacts of the Amendment are drawn from

relevant legislations and policy and summarised in Table 3, p. 5 above).


6. Social Impact Assessment

This Section provides an assessment of the potential social impacts of the following aspects of the Amendment7:

1. Road Closure Overlay (RXO) to terminate vehicular access at the northern end of Murray Street

2. RXO to terminate vehicular access at the western end of Ajax Street

3. Removal of pedestrian access easement that runs north-south through the centre of the Senior

Campus between Sturt Street and Murray Street

4. Relocation (off-site) or demolition of three dwellings (21 and 23 Ajax Street and 1 Murray Street)


5. Relocation of the dwelling at 19 Ajax Street onto 17 Ajax Street and associated works to retain and


The social impact assessment includes:

1. Clarification of the details of each aspect of the Amendment considered in this assessment

2. Consideration of any relevant findings from prior work

3. Assessment of the potential social impacts of each of the above aspects of the Amendment, against

the relevant indicators of social impact set out in Table 3, p. 5.

Proposed Road Closures

As set out in Ballarat Clarendon College Sturt Street Campus Master Plan 2017-2030 the Amendment includes

roadworks to terminate Ajax and Murray St, specifically:

- To facilitate development of the multi-purpose sports playing field, both Ajax Street and Murray Street

are proposed to be closed to vehicle traffic at the boundary of the proposed rezoning

- Ajax Street will be terminated with a court bowl and a 3-point turn area will be provided at the

termination of Murray Street. On-street parking will mostly be retained except for a short length on

the approach to the court bowl. Access to existing residential properties will not be affected.

- A road is closed when the amendment to apply the RXO to a road is approved

(Source: SED Advisory 2018 Ballarat Clarendon College Planning scheme amendment and planning permit application,

Presentation)

These proposed road closures respond to the following overriding objectives of the Amendment:

- Improve the school entry and sense of address

- Improve campus safety and access

- Provide a clear and explicit understanding for the surrounding community and the City of Ballarat as

to the future growth and development of the school

- Improve access, traffic and parking at the campus

(Source: Ballarat Clarendon College Sturt Street Campus Master Plan 2017-2030, p. 1)

7 These aspects are set out in SIA instructions ‘Section 1: Statement of Expertise. Refer to Section 3, above, for full details of the Amendment.


The proposed road closures also respond to the following issues which the College has identified as impacting

on the future capacity of the campus:

- Lack of a formal entrance point

- Inadequate drop-off and pick-up facilities on key access streets, i.e. pick-up/drop-off activity occurs

largely within the Sturt Street service road, however, Clarendon understands that a proportion of pick-

up/drop-off activity also occurs on Murray Street and Ajax Street along the southern boundary of the

campus

- A lack of on-site car parking for staff


In response to these issues the Amendment aims at improving residential amenity in the immediate surrounds

by making better use of non-residential streets and providing additional car parking on the campus including:

- Formalising the pick-up and drop-off locations for the campus (in particular Wanliss Road)

- Providing an additional 31 off-street car parking spaces

- Actively discouraging the use of Ajax Street and Murray Street for any school-related pick-up/drop-off

activity

- Demarcating car parking along Wanliss Road and

- removal of redundant cross overs in Sturt Street

These outcomes aim to ‘address the future needs of the campus whilst improving parking and access

arrangements, and general residential amenity which were key expectations identified through the

consultation process’ (Source: Adapted from Ballarat Clarendon College Sturt Street Campus Master Plan

2017-2030, p. 9). The location of the proposed road closures is shown in Figure 6, below.

Removal of a Pedestrian Easement

As noted above, the Amendment also includes removal of the pedestrian easement that runs north-south

through the centre of the campus between Sturt Street and Murray Street. This easement is used as a public

pedestrian access way and currently provides 24-hour public access through the core of the campus. The

origins of this pedestrian easement are summarised below:

- On or about 7 November 1990, the City of Ballarat (Council) discontinued part of Murray Street and

sold the discontinued portion of land to the College

- The contract of sale (Contract) included a number of special conditions….special condition 3…specifies

that:

3(a) The Site is sold subject to the creation of a 2 metre wide pedestrian easement along the

southern boundary of the Site and running the length of the Site from north to south

(b) The Purchaser shall ensure that the public have access to and over the pedestrian easement at

all times

(c) The Purchaser shall maintain the pedestrian easement in a safe condition at all times

(Source: Letter to SED in relation to Child Safety Laws, HWL Ebsworth Lawyers 2017)

The location of this pedestrian easement is shown in Figure 7, below.


Source: SED Advisory 2018 Ballarat Clarendon College Planning scheme amendment and planning permit application,

Presentation

Source: SED Advisory 2018 Ballarat Clarendon College Planning scheme amendment and planning permit application, Presentation, adapted by K2 Planning 2018.

Figure 6: Proposed Road Closure Overlay (RXO)

Figure 7: Location of Pedestrian Easement


The proposed removal of the pedestrian easement responds to the following overriding objectives of the

Amendment:

- improve the school entry and sense of address

- improve campus safety and access

- improve the amenity and functioning of Clarendon’s internal gathering spaces


Student safety has been identified by the College as an overriding concern behind the request to remove the

pedestrian easement:

- The College now considers the risks associated with public access through a school campus to be a

serious concern and a potential liability issue

- The risk is increased with potential access to boarding facilities on the campus

- Legislation now dictates that Clarendon and City of Ballarat have increased responsibility and

accountability for the safety of students under its care

- On 26 November 2015, the Victorian Parliament passed the Child Wellbeing and Safety Amendment

(Child Safe Standards) Act 2015 to introduce seven child safe standards (the Standards). The

Standards apply to all organisations involved in child-related work in Victoria, including Clarendon and

City of Ballarat, and one of the standards states that organisations must have strategies to identify

and reduce or remove any risks to child safety

- Until the pedestrian easement is removed, Clarendon cannot conclude that it has reduced or removed

this particular risk

- The pedestrian easement through the campus has been identified by Ballarat Clarendon College as a

major risk to students as well as exposing the school to being in breach of the Standards

(Source: Adapted from Ballarat Clarendon College Sturt Street Campus Master Plan 2017-2030, p. 10)

An assessment of the potential contribution to community safety of the proposed removal of the pedestrian

easement is provided in Section 6.4

Relevant Issues from Prior Work

Prior consultations conducted on behalf of the Ballarat Clarendon College raised a number of issues related to

these proposed Road Closures. These issues have been responded to in prior work and addressed through

the following changes to the Amendment:

1. The provision of additional on-site car parking facilities for staff on the school campus

A number of concerns were raised by neighbours as to the adequacy of parking for residents and

College staff. Accordingly, additional onsite car parking facilities were provided as part of the final

Master Plan. These additional car spaces assist in alleviating any concerns or impacts on the availability

of car parking in the residential streets surrounding the school.


2. The retention of on-street car parking spaces in Ajax Street for all existing neighbouring

residences

There was a concern raised by residents in Ajax Street in relation to impacts to their street car spaces.

To addressed this, the College have raised the proposed court bowl in Ajax Street further to the west,

which ensures all non-school properties will have access to on street car parking and introduced a

traffic management plan to discourage the use of Ajax Street for school purposes

A general concern was raised in relation to school traffic impacting residential streets

To alleviate this the College have incorporated designated pickup and drop off points and will discourage the

use of residential streets though in time. This seeks to address a number of concerns raised by neighbours as

to increased school traffic in Ajax Street. It is and remains the school’s intention that school pick-up/drop-off

will be strongly discouraged along Ajax Street and that both management and traffic measures will be put in

place to support this.8

The current report provides an assessment of the potential social impacts of the proposed road closures and

removal of the pedestrian easement. It does not attempt to provide a traffic assessment of these features of

the Amendment but rather defers to the findings of the Traffic Impact Assessment which includes consideration

of traffic volumes, pedestrian activity, existing parking and street conditions. The following findings of that

report are noted:

1. Vehicular access to all residential properties that are to be retained will be maintained if

currently provided

2. The proposal seeks to provide an additional 31 car spaces on-site which provides for 18 spaces in

excess of the statutory requirement and therefore caters for the loss of parking on Ajax Street and

allows for additional parking opportunities

Given the location of the proposed [street] closures, it is not expected that the closures will

materially impact on the travel patterns of residents and staff of the school, however pick-up

and drop-off activity associated with the school will be redistributed within the surrounding road

network

3. Wanliss Road has schools on either side and a range of existing pedestrian management

interventions. The road is therefore well placed to absorb increased pedestrian use.

4. As a result of the removal of the pedestrian path existing users of the path would, similar to the traffic

redistribution, will need to choose an alternate route to travel north-south. Of note, pedestrian

movement counts undertaken on a school and non-school day indicate that pedestrians

travelling along the path through the school are low with 5 and 19 movements recorded

respectively

5. Review of the likely walking destinations indicates that pedestrians are likely to be directed to the

controlled crossing points across Sturt Street to link to the north to City Oval and Lake Wendouree

8 Source: Adapted from SED Advisory 2017 Sturt Street Campus Master Plan Stakeholder Engagement Summary, pp. 9


6. as a result of the removal of the pedestrian path through the school campus, the distance for

pedestrians to walk will largely remain unchanged assuming they are using the existing signals

to cross Sturt Street to travel north-south (see Figure 8)

7. It is acknowledged that other destinations may be sought and as such to walk along Murray Street

through to Sturt Street at the intersection with the pedestrian path, an additional walking distance of

between 280 – 470 metres or 3 – 6 minutes would result

8. It is considered that for the small number of pedestrians that would be requiring this destination in

particular, that the additional walk time is acceptable and with largely recreational trips expected

this will be largely imperceptible to pedestrians

9. The pedestrian surveys only recorded 5 and 19 general pedestrians across a 12 hour period

on the school and non-school days surveyed which is considered very low

(Source: Adapted from One Mile Grid 2017 Clarendon College Transport Impact Assessment, July, pp. 23 – 32, emphasis added)

Figure 8: Redistributed Pedestrian Routes

Source: One Mile Grid 2017 Clarendon College Transport Impact Assessment, July, p.32, adapted by K2 Planning 2019

Overall, the Transport Impact Assessment of the Amendment finds that:

1. A level of traffic will be redistributed through the network as a result of the proposed closures

2. The redistributed traffic is expected to have a limited impact on the level of traffic in the surrounding

road network

3. The existing public pedestrian link through the school is to be closed which will result in a redistribution

of pedestrians through the local road network

4. The expected increases to pedestrians is considered acceptable

5. There are no traffic engineering grounds which should prohibit the proposal

(Source: Adapted from One Mile Grid 2017 Clarendon College Transport Impact Assessment, July, p.34)


The following Sections provide an assessment of the potential social impacts of the proposed road closures

and removal of the pedestrian easement using the following measures of social impact identified in Table 3,

p. 26, above:

- Walkability

- Connectivity

- Permeability

- Community Safety

6.1 Walkability

The summary of relevant legislation and policy, Section 4 above, identifies an overriding policy goal related to

‘walkability’ in Victoria as ‘Ensure a welcoming, inclusive, active and socially-connected city for all ages and

abilities’. Established measures of walkability are:

1. A five minute walk, the time taken for the average person to walk 400 metres; If the walking

environment is favourable, an average of 1.2 kilometres in good conditions



Figure 8, above, and Figure 9, below, show that most of these measures of walkability are achieved in the

existing streets around the Campus including:

1. A five minute walking distances around the campus if the pedestrian easement is removed

- 430mtr between the Murray Street/Junction Street intersection and Sturt Street (Figure 8)

- 400mtr between the Wanliss Road/Sturt Street intersection and the Durham Street/Sturt Street

intersection (Figure 9)

Source: googlemaps.com Figure 9: Local Area Walkability



Prior work has noted that the origins of the pedestrian easement related to specific destinations north of the

campus, particularly church facilities. However, declining attendances and an ageing congregation have

contributed to the closure of these churches in recent years9. It has particularly been noted that the St

Cuthbert’s Church is now a private residence and no longer a key destination for some members of the

community10.

Given these changes to the land uses north of the campus, it is argued that ‘the easement does not have the

same significance to pedestrians as it once had when the easement was created’ (Source: Key Messages –

Comments and feedback to Sandy Kaye).

Key destinations now appear to primarily comprise bus stops located in Sturt Street. The following figures

show that walkability to these bus stops will continue to meet the 400 mtr measure if the pedestrian

easement is removed including:

- Less than 400mtr walkability between Durham Street and bus stop, and Wanliss Road and bus stops

- 400 mtr between Wanliss Road and Durham Street

- Less than 400 mtr access to west bound bus stops from the end of both Wanliss Road and Durham

Street

- Immediate access across Sturt Street to east bound bus stops at the end of both Wanliss Road and

Durham Street

9 https://www.thecourier.com.au/story/5351337/fall-in-faith-leads-to-closure-at-pleasant-street-uniting-church/ 10 SED Advisory Ballarat and Clarendon College Senior Campus Section 96 Planning Scheme Amendment – emphasis added

Figure 10: C805 Bus Stops – Durham Street Walkability


Figure 11: C805 Bus Stops – Wanliss Road Walkability

Figure 12: Wanliss Road and Durham Street - Walkability


NB: please note this figure shows the location of bus stops and does not show formalised crossing points

However, limitations are evident in the current provision of crossing points on Sturt Street.


- An existing pedestrian crossing point is provided across Sturt Street at the intersection of Wanliss

Road and Sturt Street

- A second crossing point is provided at the intersection of Sturt Streets and Pleasant Streets – shown

as ‘Existing Signals’ on Figure 8, p. 35 above.

- The distance between these two crossing points is approximately 550 mtrs which does not meet

the 400 mtr walkability measure. Given the flatness of the topography however, it could be argued

that these crossing points do meet the walkability measure of 1.2 kilometres in good conditions

- The master Plan has proposed a pedestrian footpath on the northern side of Junction Street and

eastern side of Wanliss Road for pedestrians to access Sturt Street and its pedestrian crossing in

an improved and safer manner. This is an improvement that will benefit the wider community and

promote a safer pedestrian environment for both the school and local residents11.

11 Source: Adapted from SED Advisory 2017 Sturt Street Campus Master Plan Stakeholder Engagement Summary, pp. 9

Figure 13: C805 Bus Stops – East Bound Access


Summary - Walkability

1. Most existing measures of walkability are achieved in the existing streets around the Campus

2. Walkability to bus stops will continue to meet the 400 mtr measure if the pedestrian easement is

removed

3. Limitations are evident in the current provision of crossing points on Sturt Street

6.2 Connectivity and Permeability

The summary of relevant legislation and policy, Section 4 above, identifies overriding policy goals related to

pedestrian and streetscape ‘Connectivity and Permeability’ in Victoria include:

1. Ensure improvement of walking and cycling connections in local neighbourhoods

2. Ensure streets and accessways adjoining education and early childhood facilities are designed to

encourage safe bicycle and pedestrian access.

3. Encourage the use of cycling, walking and public transport to attend community events

4. Increase the opportunities for residents to walk to undertake daily tasks

5. Improve the permeability, legibility, safety and comfort of the public realm

Established measures of connectivity and permeability include:

1. Efficient Intersections – providing direct, desirable routes to schools and public transport and easy

access to key destinations for pedestrians. The previous Section ‘Maintain existing levels of access to

destinations and services’ has demonstrated that direct routes to bus stops will continue to be

available in the area, and meet the 400 mtr measure of walkability, despite the removal of the

pedestrian easement and proposed road closures

2. Easy access to key destinations for pedestrians – as above, ‘bus stops’ are now key destinations and

access is maintained with the Amendment; the Traffic Assessment Report has noted that the distance

for pedestrians to walk will largely remain unchanged12

3. Continuous accessible paths of travel - Figure 8, above, shows the provision of continuous accessible

pathways will continue with the Amendment. It is also noted that the flat topography of the area

contributes to this accessibility

4. Accessibly located public transport stops – as above, ‘bus stops’ are now key destinations and access

is maintained with the Amendment

5. Active street frontages, legible pedestrian circulation routes that are not compromised or interrupted

by traffic calming devices or car access – The Amendment notes that: ‘Designated drop-off and pick-

up points will be encouraged for use through a traffic management plan shared with the school

community. The traffic management plan and the design of proposed works aim to reduce traffic on

Ajax and Murray Streets and divert it to Sturt Street and Wanliss Road’13. In relation to any potential

compromise to pedestrian routes from this traffic management plan, the Traffic Impact Assessment

has noted that: ‘it is not expected that the closures will materially impact on the travel

12 Source: One Mile Grid 2017 Clarendon College Transport Impact Assessment, July, pp. 23 – 32 13 Source: Ballarat Clarendon College Sturt Street Campus Master Plan 2017-2030, p. 18


patterns of residents and staff of the school, however pick-up and drop-off activity associated

with the school will be redistributed within the surrounding road network; the distance for

pedestrians to walk will largely remain unchanged’14

6. Figure 14 shows that the street network in the area will continue to provide a highly permeable network

with many short links, numerous intersections, and minimal dead-ends. The Amendment will improve

the efficiency of intersections as pedestrian crossing points and encourage cars to use arterial roads

rather than local streets, promoting walking as a local trip mode

Source: Ballarat Clarendon College Sturt Street Campus Master Plan 2017-2030, Adapted by K2 Planning 2018

NB: ‘Efficient Intersections’ providing direct, desirable routes to schools and public transport and easy access to key destinations for pedestrians; ‘Inefficient Intersections’ do not support these access routes and may impede direct connections and access to key destinations.

14 Source: One Mile Grid 2017 Clarendon College Transport Impact Assessment, July, pp. 23 – 32

Figure 14: Intersection Efficiency in Area


Summary – Connectivity and Permeability

1. Direct routes to bus stops will continue to be available in the area despite the removal of the pedestrian

easement and proposed road closures

2. The distance for pedestrians to walk to key destinations (bus stops) will largely remain unchanged

3. The provision of continuous accessible pathways will continue

4. It is not expected that the road closures will materially impact on the travel patterns of residents and

staff of the school

This Section has provided a social impact assessment of the Amendment with a particular focus on walkability,

connectivity and permeability. It has found that:

1. Adjustments have been made to the Master Plan in response to prior resident concerns about traffic

and parking

2. A Transport Impact Assessment of the Amendment notes: limited impact on the level of traffic;

increases to pedestrians is considered acceptable; no traffic engineering grounds which should prohibit

the proposal

3. Walkable access to key church destinations north of the campus is no longer needed

4. Walkability to existing key destinations (bus stops) will continue to meet the 400 mtr measure if the

pedestrian easement is removed

5. The following features of the local street network will remain after the Amendment, despite the

removal of the pedestrian easement and proposed road closures:

- direct routes to bus stops

- the provision of continuous accessible pathways

- a highly permeable street network

6. There is evidence of limitations in the current provision of crossing points on Sturt Street


6.3 Community Safety


‘Community Safety’ in Victoria include planning for:

1. Increased community safety

2. Well-used public spaces for living, learning and social engagement

3. Built form that promotes surveillance of the public realm at all times

4. Safe and accessible community spaces and facilities that enable and promote walking and cycling as

a part of daily life

Established measures of community safety include:

1. Co-locate movement routes to increase natural surveillance

2. Locate paths to permit views of activity for safety and security

3. Avoid dense shrubbery around pedestrian routes and set plants well back from paths

4. Identify the safety implications of places where movement options are limited such as pedestrian

bridges, enclosed pathways and stairways. Develop solutions to reduce vulnerability, such as

increasing visibility, lighting and adjacent activity at these places

5. Eliminate all potential entrapment spots within a reasonable distance (30 metres) of commonly-used

pedestrian paths

6. Physically integrate pedestrian/cycle paths and crossings into surrounding areas to avoid predictability

of movement


8. Avoid land uses, subdivision and design features that act as physical barriers and impede access to

key destinations

The following Objectives of the Amendment relate to community safety:

1. improve campus safety and access

2. improve the amenity and functioning of Clarendon’s internal gathering spaces

3. improve the future functionality of the campus within the urban fabric of Ballarat as a core facility in

the Ballarat Education cluster

(Source): Ballarat Clarendon College Sturt Street Campus Master Plan 2017-2030, p. 1)

As noted above, the College has also identified the following specific community safety issues that the

Amendment aims to address:

The security and welfare of our students is paramount…the residential girls facility is next

to a public thru way and the school’s population is vulnerable given the fact that members

of the public are able to access the school grounds at any time day or night…Schools

have an increasing responsibility to ensure the safety of their students in modern times. The


removal of the pedestrian easement through the heart of the campus will help the

College provide a safer environment, particularly for borders

(Source: SED Advisory Ballarat and Clarendon College Senior Campus Section 96 Planning

Scheme Amendment – emphasis added)

HWL Ebsworth Lawyers have also provided the College with the following advice related to any ‘potential

liability for Ballarat and Clarendon College (College) should the carriageway easement be found to pose a

safety concern for students’:

Recent changes to child safety laws

1.1 The State Government recently introduced Child Safety Standards under the and Training (Training

Reform Act) Act 2006 and Wellbeing 2005 (Child Safety Act).

1.2 Ministerial Order 870 dated December 2015 (Order), made pursuant to the Training Act, requires

schools (such as the College) to take appropriate actions and put in place a range of processes to

ensure children are safe and protected.

1.3 Pursuant to the requirements of the Order, the College is required to implement strategies to identify

and reduce or remove risks of child abuse.

1.4 In addition, the College must develop and implement a risk mitigation strategy and reduce or remove

the identified risks.

1.5 Similarly, the Child Safety Standards (made pursuant to Section 17 of the Child Safety Act) require

schools to reduce and remove identified risks of child abuse.

2. Impact on the College

3.1 We are of the view that the Easement is an identifiable risk to child safety. It allows the public to enter

the school grounds at all hours and the location of the easement (directly adjacent to a girls dormitory)

poses a significant safety risk to students residing on campus.

3.2 Accordingly, we are of the view that in seeking to remove the easement, the College has taken

appropriate actions to ensure children are safe and protected (as required by the Order and the Child

Safety Standards).

4. Liability concerns

4.1 Should removal of the Easement be refused, we are concerned that the College will be at risk of non-

compliance with the recent changes to child safety laws.

4.2 Further, pursuant to Section 19 and Schedule 1 of the Child Safety Act, we note that Council is a

category one entity and has obligations identical to those of the College in relation to compliance with

the Child Safety Standards. Council does not benefit from the exemptions identified in the Child Safety

Act.

4.3 What this means in practical terms, is that the duty to consider risks to children and Implement

mitigating measures at the Site applies equally to Council and the College. For this reason, we are of

the view that Council is required to assess the application to remove the easement in light of its duties

pursuant to the Child Safety Act.

4.4 Furthermore, should a child safety incident occur on the Campus arising from the offending person

using the Easement, Council and the College may be held jointly (and severally) liable.


4.5 In the event that Council refuses to allow the removal of the Easement (and assuming that such

refusal is publicly documented) we are of the view that the Council would be exposed to liability claims

from the affected child (or children) and also the College.

4.6 Given the above, it is our view that the College should actively pursue removal of the Easement and

draw these issues to the attention of the Council.

(Source: HWL Ebsworth Letter to SED in relation to Child Safety Laws HWL Lawyers to SED Advisory 2017)

Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design Principles (CPTED) provide measures for assessing

community safety issues associated with the Amendment. The theory behind CPTED is that the design of a

physical environment can produce behavioural effects that will reduce both the incidence and fear of crime.

These behavioural effects can be accomplished by reducing the susceptibility of the environment to support

criminal behaviour. There are three basic strategies in CPTED:

1. Natural access control - Natural access control restricts criminal intrusion, in particular into areas

where they will not be easily observed, by:

- Limiting access

- Increasing natural surveillance

- Locating an activity so individuals engaged in that activity become part of the natural surveillance

system

- Placing safe activities in places that will discourage would-be offenders

- High-risk activities should be shifted to safer locations to overcome the vulnerability of these activities

and to take advantage of natural surveillance within the safe area

- Gathering areas should be located in areas that provide for natural surveillance or in locations away

from the view of would-be offenders

- Gates, fences, walls, footpaths, landscaping and lighting can be used to:

• Clearly guide the public to and from specific entrances and exits

• Prevent or discourage public access to or from dark or unmonitored areas

• Enable intruders to be more easily recognised

2. Natural surveillance is a design concept that aims to keep potential offenders and intruders under

observation through the creation of environments where there is sufficient opportunity for people

engaged in their normal behaviour to observe the space around them. Areas can be designed so they

are more easily observed through:

- Design and placement of physical features to maximise visibility through building orientation, windows,

entrances and exits, car parking areas, refuse containers, walkways, guard gates, landscape trees and

shrubs, use of walls such as wrought iron or picket fences, signage and other physical obstructions.

- Placement of persons or activities to maximize surveillance possibilities

- Maintenance of minimum lighting standards to provide for night-time illumination of parking lots,

walkways, entrances, exits and related areas

3. Territorial reinforcement - Territoriality is a design concept that clearly delineates private space

from semi-public and public spaces and also creates a sense of ownership. When there is a sense of

ownership within a space, strangers and intruders stand out and are more easily identified. This can

be achieved through:


- Reinforcing existing natural surveillance and natural access control strategies with additional symbolic

or social ones to enhance a feeling of legitimate ownership

- Designing a space to accommodate long-term and continued use and to fit its intended purpose

- Using pavement treatments, landscaping, art, signage, screening and fences to define and outline

ownership of space15

A site visit conducted as part of this Social Impact Assessment identified the following two areas that are of

concern in relation to community safety:

1. The public access easement through the campus which introduces a high element of public risk

2. The intersection of Murray and Ajax Street which currently provides limited passive surveillance

These areas are shown in Figure 15 and assessed below.


15 Source: Adapted from https://www.police.vic.gov.au/content.asp?document_id=10444

Figure 15: Identified Areas of Concern - Community Safety

https://www.police.vic.gov.au/content.asp?document_id=10444


1. Public Access Easement

As noted above, the College has identified a concern about the public access easement and student safety,

particularly related to the location of the girls boarding house. Figure 16, below, shows the proximity of the

public access easement and the girls boarding rooms which currently comprises:

- less than two metres between the public access easement and individual boarders’ rooms

- direct visibility into borders rooms from the public access easement

This direct access and visibility fails to reflect key aspects of the CPTED principles, above, including:

- Limiting access

- Gathering areas located in locations away from the view of would-be offenders

- Designing a space to accommodate long-term and continued use and to fit its intended purpose

The proposal within the Amendment to relocate the girls boarding house to an area north of Ajax Street and

within the school boundaries (see Figure 4, p. 13 above) would remove this element of public risk and reflect

the following CPTED principle:


and to take advantage of natural surveillance within the safe area.

Figure 16: Proximity of Easement to Girls Boarding House


However, other community safety concerns will continue if the public access easement remains on the campus

particularly the high risk of public access to:

- school facilities such as library and tennis courts (Figure 17)

- central social movement areas of the campus (Figure 18)

Figure 18: Existing Easement – Central Area of the Campus

Figure 17: Existing Easement – Sturt Street Entry


Figure 17 shows that the public access easement entry from Sturt Street is adjacent to the current library

facility and tennis courts. Figure 18 shows that the public access easement currently continues through the

middle areas of the campus. This public access raises significant concerns related to community safety and

managing any risks associated with child protection, as set out in legal advice provided to the school and cited

above, including:

Ministerial Order 870 dated December 2015 (Order), made pursuant to the Training Reform Act

2006, requires schools (such as the College) to take appropriate actions and put in place a

range of processes to ensure children are safe and protected.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Order, the College is required to implement strategies to

identify and reduce or remove risks of child abuse16

Figure 19 shows that the location of the public access easement directly intersects the area of highest

student movement on the campus including movement between:

- Grades 9 – 10 class rooms

- Grades 5 – 8 student access to lockers and performing arts facilities in the eastern area of the

campus

- Grades 10 – 12 student access to the canteen area and physical education/pool facilities in the

western area of the campus

The public access easement is also immediately adjacent to areas of high student use that become

‘social clusters’ in the campus public spaces including:

- Public seating areas used by students for lunchtime socialising – identified as spaces of ‘social

clusters’

- Access to 95 student lockers located immediately to the east of the public access easement

This location of the public access easement in the central areas of social movement and informal social meeting

increase the risk of managing and reducing risks to child safety posed through direct contact with members

of the public. While it is acknowledged that no record of child abuse has been made in relation to the public

use of the pedestrian easement, this does not remove the possibility of this risk occurring.

As proposed in the Amendment, the removal of the public access easement, and changes to the intersection

of Murray and Ajax Streets, allow future planning for safer public spaces on the campus that will support the

development of a ‘college heart space’ in the areas that are central to the current patterns of student

movement and open space use on the campus (see Figure 20, below).

16 Source: HWL Ebsworth Letter to SED in relation to Child Safety Laws HWL Lawyers to SED Advisory 2017



Figure 19: Proximity of Easement to Student Movement and Social Clusters


Source: Ballarat Clarendon College Sturt Street Campus Master Plan 2017 – 2030, p. 16, adapted by K2 Planning 2019.

Figure 20: Master Plan – Campus Heart Space


Intersection of Murray and Ajax Street

A core element of the Amendment includes changes to Ajax Street and Murray Street located on the south

eastern edge of the campus. These changes respond to the following issues identified by the College:

Vehicular access to the campus is currently provided…[through]…a staff car park accessed

from Ajax Street…Clarendon…[also]…understands that a proportion of pick-up/drop-off

activity also occurs on Murray Street and Ajax Street along the southern boundary of the

campus…Ballarat Clarendon College...intends to formalise the pick-up and drop-off

locations for the campus (in particular Wanliss Road) and to provide an additional 31 off-

street car parking spaces. The Master Plan actively discourages the use of Ajax Street

and Murray Street for any school-related pick-up/drop-off activity, improving the

residential amenity for local residents. Demarcation of car parking along Wanliss Road

and removal of redundant cross overs in Sturt Street will support the availability of on-street

car parking in the education precinct

(Source: Ballarat Clarendon College Sturt Street Campus Master Plan 2017 – 2030, p. 9 – emphasis added)

The overriding aim of these street scape changes is to ‘support the improved functioning of the College and

local neighbourhood’. Key upgrades associated with the streetscape changes include:

- improved pick-up and drop-off facilities in Wanliss Road

- works to Ajax Street and Murray Street

- street tree planting and removal of redundant cross overs in Sturt Street

- demarcation of on-street parking where appropriate and

- the augmentation of the off-street pedestrian network along Junction Street and Wanliss Road to

provide a safe pedestrian-friendly link to Sturt Street

(Source: Adapted from Ballarat Clarendon College Sturt Street Campus Master Plan 2017 – 2030, p. 12 –

emphasis added)

Application of the CPTED principles to the current intersection of Ajax and Murray Street raises significant

concerns about community safety in this area. Currently the area does not reflect the following CPTED

principles:

- Sufficient opportunity for people engaged in their normal behaviour to observe the space around them

- Maximising of visibility through building orientation, windows, entrances and exits, car parking areas,

walkways, landscape trees and shrubs

- Placement of persons or activities to maximize surveillance possibilities

- Clear delineation of private space from semi-public and public spaces to creates a sense of ownership.

- Natural surveillance and natural access control strategies with additional symbolic or social ones to

enhance a feeling of legitimate ownership


The proposed changes to the intersection of Ajax and Murray Streets present significant improvements in this

area in terms of community safety and particularly respond to the following CPTED principles:

- Limiting public access

- Increasing natural surveillance – this is particularly evident in the campus area between building 37

and 25

- Locating an activity so individuals engaged in that activity become part of the natural surveillance

system – this is particularly evident through the location of the tennis courts in this area

- Placing safe activities in places that will discourage would-be offenders – this is particularly evident

through the location of the tennis courts and increased sport user activities increased in the area


and to take advantage of natural surveillance within the safe area – this is particularly evident through

the relocation of the drop off and pick up areas to safer locations with greater passive surveillance

- Gathering areas should be located in areas that provide for natural surveillance or in locations away

from the view of would-be offenders – also evident through the relocation of the drop off and pick up

areas to safer locations with greater passive surveillance




• Enable intruders to be more easily recognised – all of these criteria are met through the proposed

changes to the intersection of Ajax and Murray Streets (Figure 21)

Kk meets cpted cguidelnes




• Enable intruders to be more easily recognised

Source: Ballarat Clarendon College Sturt Street Campus Master Plan 2017 – 2030, p. 16

Figure 21: Master Plan – Proposed Changes to Ajax/Murray Street intersection


Summary – Community Safety

1. The public access easement on the campus presents a range of challenges to community safety given

that it: provides direct visibility into the current girls boarding house thus presenting significant risks

in terms of student safety; directly intersects the area of highest student movement on the campus;

and, is immediately adjacent to areas of high student use or ‘social clusters’

2. The current intersection of Ajax and Murray Streets does not reflect CPTED principles

3. Proposed changes to the intersection of Ajax and Murray Streets present significant improvements in

this area in terms of community safety

4. The removal of the public access easement, and changes to the intersection of Murray and Ajax Streets,

allow for safer public spaces on the campus that will support the development of a ‘college heart space’

in the areas that are central to the current patterns of student movement and open space use on the

campus


6.4 Heritage Dwellings

This social impact assessment defers to the findings of a Heritage Assessment of the Amendment in relation

to these heritage related policy goals17. Consideration is then given to the concept of ‘social’ or ‘cultural’

heritage and the impact of the Amendment on identified measures of social or cultural heritage.


‘Heritage Dwellings’ in Victoria include:

1. Conserve, protect, and enhance the fabric of identified heritage places and precincts

2. Identify and protect heritage places, including maintaining the visual prominence of heritage buildings

and landmarks

3. Discourage the demolition of buildings and other elements of identified local, state and national

heritage significance

The Amendment includes the following propose changes to heritage dwellings:

1. Relocation (off-site) or demolition of three dwellings (21 and 23 Ajax Street and 1 Murray Street)


2. The replacement of these dwellings with the development of a multi-purpose sports playing field and

associated minor buildings, fencing and buffer planting.

3. Relocation of the dwelling at 19 Ajax Street onto 17 Ajax Street and associated works to retain and


4. Roadworks to create a court bowl that encroaches into the setback of 2 heritage buildings on Ajax

Street

(Source: Adapted from SED Advisory 2018 Ballarat Clarendon College local Stakeholder Mapping, December)

These proposed changes relate to a number of overriding objectives in the Amendment including the following:

1. Clearly identify the land holdings of Ballarat Clarendon College and guide retention of existing built

form and location of future facilities

2. Improve the future functionality of the campus within the urban fabric of Ballarat as a core facility in

the Ballarat Education cluster


The Amendment notes that:

Overall the Master Plan recognises the heritage values of the existing buildings and

provides for the integration of new buildings and reuse of existing dwellings as part of the

campus (Source: Ballarat Clarendon College Sturt Street Campus Master Plan 2017-2030, p. 9)

17 Bryce Raworth Pty Ltd 2017 Proposed Demolition and Vehicle Turning Point Ballarat and Clarendon College Ajax & Murray Streets, Newington Heritage Issues.


Prior consultations conducted on behalf of the College show that there is significant community concern about

these proposed changes to heritage dwellings. Key issues raised through consultations, and the response to

these issues by the College, are summarised in Table 4, below, including:

1. Heritage – removal of heritage homes; the school is working to retain dwellings (and facades)

where possible

2. Number of contributory dwellings to be removed reduced to three with one dwelling to be relocated

on-site

3. The school will offer the dwellings for free to anyone who wishes to relocate them18

Table 4: Heritage Issues Identified Through Prior Consultations

Issue College Response

Removal of houses on north side

of Ajax St for construction of 2-

storey boarding house

- The master plan does not intend to remove these houses but

integrate them into a larger building which would be sited behind

- Design of boarding house sensitive to overlooking.

Neglect of school owned houses

(particularly in area covered by

Heritage Overlay)

- This is the nature of houses which are not owner occupied. The

implementation of the master plan will ensure the use of these

properties by the school and their current appearance upgraded.

- College has an excellent record of maintaining grounds and

heritage stock on the campus.

Removal of heritage homes

(contravening Heritage Overlay)

- The school are working to retain dwellings (and facades) where

possible

- Number of contributory dwellings to be removed reduced to three

(one relocated on-site).

- The school will offer the dwellings for free to anyone who wishes to

relocate them.

- Heritage advice obtained from heritage expert which supports the

Amendment

Source: Adapted from Ballarat Clarendon College Engagement Summary and Response

Prior Heritage Assessment

In relation to determining the heritage impact of the Amendment this social impact assessment defers to the

findings of a Heritage Assessment which has been conducted of the Amendment. In relation to the potential

demolition of heritage dwellings that Heritage Assessment finds:

We do not consider the proposed demolition of 17 Ajax Street...to be problematic given its status

as a non-contributory building. Whilst the building at 1 Murray Street is not part of the Ajax

Street streetscape, it is a representative building nonetheless and reasonably intact except in terms

18 Source: Adapted from SED Advisory Ballarat and Clarendon College Senior Campus Section 96 Planning Scheme Amendment Key Stakeholder List (DRAFT)


of its altered porch. However its demolition will result in little appreciable impact upon its

streetscape or the broader precinct because of its relative isolation. The greatest potential

impact in terms of significance will relate to the demolition of 19, 21 and 23 Ajax Street. Whilst these

buildings are generally representative of the heritage precinct, they cannot be seen as exceptional

or unusual examples that sit on the higher end of the spectrum of contributory dwelling….Their

demolition in my opinion will therefore result in an incremental impact upon the character

and significance of the precinct…The heritage significance of the precinct identified in the

statement of significance will remain relevant, even if these buildings are demolished, and

will not be undermined to such an extent that would call the statement of significance into

question…19

In relation to the potential relocation of a heritage dwellings that Heritage Assessment finds:

The idea of shifting heritage buildings from one site to another is generally discouraged in heritage

practice, however given that these are only contributory buildings rather than individually

significant buildings, it is considered acceptable20

Overall, the Heritage Assessment of the Amendment finds that:

The proposal will result in a low impact outcome in relation to the heritage values of Ajax

Street. … The proposed scheme therefore represents an acceptable outcome with respect to the

heritage values of Ajax Street and the wider precinct21

Consideration of Social or Cultural Heritage


social or cultural heritage including:

1. Protect, conserve and enhance areas, features, structures and sites of historic, aboriginal, natural and

cultural significance

2. Require that new development interprets culturally significant places and respects heritage and

cultural boundaries

Established measures of ‘social’ or ‘cultural’ heritage in include:

1. Public places where people gather and act as a community/places of 'meeting'/places with special

meaning for particular communities

2. Places of 'resort' and public entertainment

3. 'Communities'

4. Places associated with recent significant events

5. Commemorative places

19 Bryce Raworth Pty Ltd 2017 Proposed Demolition and Vehicle Turning Point Ballarat and Clarendon College Ajax & Murray Streets, Newington Heritage Issues, p. 18-19, emphasis added. 20 Bryce Raworth Pty Ltd 2017 Proposed Demolition and Vehicle Turning Point Ballarat and Clarendon College Ajax & Murray Streets, Newington Heritage Issues, p. 20, emphasis added. 21 Bryce Raworth Pty Ltd 2017 Proposed Demolition and Vehicle Turning Point Ballarat and Clarendon College Ajax & Murray Streets, Newington Heritage Issues, p. 23, emphasis added.


Places of social value would be expected to be places that:

1. Provide a spiritual or traditional connection between past and present

2. Tie the past affectionately to the present

3. Help give a disempowered group back its history

4. Provide an essential reference point in a community's identity or sense of itself (or historical grounding)

5. Loom large in the daily comings and goings of life

6. Provide an essential community function that over time develops into a deeper attachment that is

more than utility value (e.g. Victoria Market)

7. Have shaped some aspect of community behaviour or attitudes

8. Are distinctive - the one clocktower in a town, or an architectural folly - features that lift a place above

the crowd, making it likely that special meanings have been attached to that place

9. Are accessible to the public and offer the possibility of repeated use to build up associations and value

to the community of users; and places where people gather and act as a community, for example

places of public ritual, public meeting or congregation, and informal gathering places 22

Other definitions of social value include:

- As cultural significance - The broadest definition of social value would equate it to cultural significance,

based on the argument that all values recognised by humans are in essence cultural or social (or

human) values. While this is true, it also does not take us any further in our understanding.

- As Usefulness - Some places are valued because they are useful, but would not be mourned if

demolished and replaced. Each of us can think of a local place - such as the supermarket - which has

value to us because it exists in our neighbourhood, but the value relates to our need for that function

rather than our attachment to the fabric of that place.

- To have the greatest value could be those that:

were the oldest, with many years of patronage by users

the most renown, with many users, and

were associated with important events related to local community, or to the community of users

- Other places, such as drive-ins, would be expected to be valued as they were important places often

marking adolescent rites of passage, however their demise has gone virtually unremarked23

These definitions of social or cultural value are reflected in the criteria for heritage registration in Victoria. For

a place or object to be included in the Victorian Heritage Register it must meet at least one of the heritage

Council of Victoria’s criteria for assessment which are used to determine the importance of a place or object

to the history and development of Victoria. Relevant criteria for consideration of places or objects as social or

cultural heritage include:

1. Criterion G: Strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group for social,

cultural or spiritual reasons

22 Source: Johnston, C. 1992 What is social value? A Discussion Paper Context Pty Ltd Commonwealth of Australia, p. 6

23 Source: Johnston, C. 1992 What is social value? A Discussion Paper Context Pty Ltd Commonwealth of Australia, pp. 12-13.


2. Criterion D: Importance in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a class of cultural places and

objects

(Source: Adapted from https://heritagecouncil.vic.gov.au/heritage-protection/criteria-and-thresholds-for-inclusion)

In the context of Ballarat, the statement of significance for the Precinct HO164, in which the College is located,

as found in the Ballarat Heritage Precincts – Statements of Significance (2006), is as follows:

The West Ballarat Precinct is historically significant at a LOCAL level (AHC criteria A.4 and H.1)

(a) The place's importance in the course, or pattern, of Australia's natural or cultural history

(b) (a3) Importance in exhibiting unusual richness or diversity of built landscapes and cultural

features

(a4) & (h1) Importance for association with events, developments, cultural phases and individuals

which have had a significant role in the human occupation and evolution of the region24.

6.5 Social or Cultural Heritage Impact of the Amendment

It is difficult to find any evidence of social or cultural value associated with the proposed demolition of heritage

dwellings in the Amendment. The Heritage Assessment identifies a range of significant social activities in the

area, however, none of these activities attach social or cultural significance to the dwellings in Ajax or Murray

Streets:

The Precinct is historically significant for its associations with underground quartz mining that

was sustained over a long period of time. …[and]…as an early example of a highly desirable mid

19th to mid 20th century goldfields residential area p. 13.

The Precinct is important as it demonstrates the lasting continuity of civic pride and urban

beautification schemes that had defined the 19th century structure of the city. This is illustrated

by major avenue plantings, and infrastructure development such as the extensive network of

significantly intact bluestone channel drains, gutters and kerbs from the 1880s. The

combined works contribute to the creation of a stately provincial City with magnificent wide

thoroughfares, tree-lined avenues, parks, gardens and substantial educational

institutions…The Precinct’s reputation for a better class of housing was encouraged by the

introduction in 1887 of a horse drawn tram service along Sturt Street as far as Lake Wendouree25

The Heritage Assessment identifies recreation ovals and facilities as socially significant features of the area:

…The Precinct is recognized and highly valued by the local community for residential,

educational, religious, and recreational reasons. The City Oval, home to the Ballarat Football

Club and including the grandstand, tennis and croquets clubs, is of considerable social

24 Adapted from Bryce Raworth Pty Ltd 2017 Proposed Demolition and Vehicle Turning Point Ballarat and Clarendon College Ajax & Murray Streets, Newington Heritage Issues, p. 12 25 Adapted from Bryce Raworth Pty Ltd 2017 Proposed Demolition and Vehicle Turning Point Ballarat and Clarendon College Ajax & Murray Streets, Newington Heritage Issues, p. 13 – emphasis added.


significance. It was originally the site of the Royal Saxon Company's mine and has been used for

recreational activities since the 1850s26

This Section has considered the potential social impacts of the proposal within the Amendment related to the

demolition and relocation of heritage dwellings. It has shown that the Heritage Assessment of the Amendment

has found that:

…The heritage significance of the precinct identified in the statement of significance will remain

relevant, even if these buildings are demolished, and will not be undermined to such an extent that

would call the statement of significance into question27

There is no evidence that the heritage dwellings, or other areas included in the Amendment, reflect established

measures of social or cultural heritage including:

- Public places where people gather and act as a community/places of 'meeting'/places with special

meaning for particular communities

- Places of 'resort' and public entertainment

- 'Communities'

- Places associated with recent significant events

- Commemorative places

It could be argued that community attitudes towards the existing pedestrian easement on the campus reflect

the social or cultural value of Usefulness, i.e.:

…where some places are valued because they are useful, but would not be mourned if demolished

and replaced. Each of us can think of a local place - such as the supermarket - which has value to

us because it exists in our neighbourhood, but the value relates to our need for that function rather

than our attachment to the fabric of that place28

However, an assessment of the social impact of the Amendment using measures of walkability,

connectivity and permeability, above, shows that removal of the easement will not reduce the ‘usefulness’

of the area in terms of connection and opportunities for walking to key destinations.

26 Adapted from Bryce Raworth Pty Ltd 2017 Proposed Demolition and Vehicle Turning Point Ballarat and Clarendon College Ajax & Murray Streets, Newington Heritage Issues, p. 16 – emphasis added. 27 Bryce Raworth Pty Ltd 2017 Proposed Demolition and Vehicle Turning Point Ballarat and Clarendon College Ajax & Murray Streets, Newington Heritage Issues, p. 23, emphasis added. 28 Source: Johnston, C. 1992 What is social value? A Discussion Paper Context Pty Ltd Commonwealth of Australia, pp. 12-13.


6.5 Other Social Impacts

This Section briefly considers any other aspects of the Amendment that might contribute towards an overall

social impact including:

1. Development of sports facilities including a multi-purpose hard-surface (synthetic grass) sports playing

field including cricket nets with associated fencing

2. Changes to campus facilities fronting Sturt Street including demolition of the front Section of the girls

boarding house and the removal of existing tennis courts either side of the easement fronting Sturt

Street, a combination of hard and soft landscaping treatments, including fencing within the front setback

to Sturt Street, replacing the tennis courts and flat/carport

3. Role of the College in the education community of Ballarat

Development of Sports Facilities

The construction of the proposed new sports practice fields and cricket practice nets will involve relocating the

existing sports courts, demolishing a flat and car port on the northern Sturt Street frontage and converting

the former tennis court space into a new formal entry point. These works will result in the provision of an all-

weather multi-purpose sports field and improved integration of sports facilities on the campus29.

It is proposed that the land currently occupied by 19, 21 and 23 Ajax Street and 1 Murray Street be combined

with what is now the western end of Ajax Street to accommodate a large rectangular area of multi-purpose

ball courts that could be used for basketball, netball, tennis and mini-soccer. In addition to this, the rear south

side of 15 and 17 Ajax Street will be cleared, combined and developed to contain cricket practice nets 30.

The existing oval will be retained and a new all-weather synthetic playing field will be developed. The area is

planned to be marked out for one mini-soccer pitch, four basketball or netball courts and six tennis courts.

The surface would be synthetic grass and surrounding the playing area would be a 3.6 metre high mesh fence

to ensure sports balls would not escape. Extensive landscaping and an acoustic fencing along the southern

and eastern boundaries of the area will ensure that any potential off-site amenity impacts are managed

appropriately and the campus interface with the laneway is significantly improved31.

Prior assessments of the Amendment have noted that the proposed sporting fields respond to the following

limitations on the existing campus:

- A lack of outdoor sporting facilities for students to use throughout the year

- Use of the current sports oval is limited due to a lack of line-marking for alternative sports and limited

wet winter use

29 Adapted from Ballarat Clarendon College Sturt Street Campus Master Plan 2017-2030, p. 8 30 Adapted from Bryce Raworth Pty Ltd 2017 Proposed Demolition and Vehicle Turning Point Ballarat and Clarendon College Ajax & Murray Streets, Newington Heritage Issues, p. 21 31 Adapted from Ballarat Clarendon College Sturt Street Campus Master Plan 2017-2030, p. 12


- Currently physical education class time and physical activity during breaks takes place on the tennis

courts fronting Sturt Street which are poorly located and too small to regulation sized pitches/courts

A range of social benefits of these sports facilities have been identified in prior work including:

- Support improved safety, education, health and well-being outcomes for students

- Increasing the amount and quality of usable open space per student

- Supporting the efficient delivery of the physical education and cocurricular sports program32

- Effectively doubling current capacity for health and physical education classes, the sports program and

during recess and lunchtime

- Enhancement of regional infrastructure - facilities on campus are very often at the heart of community

life in regional communities and can significantly complement assets and facilities provided by

governments, businesses and other agencies33.

Changes to campus facilities fronting Sturt Street

The Amendment also includes significant changes to the current campus facilities facing Sturt Street. The aim

of these changes includes:

- improve presentation of the campus to Sturt Street and help to create a quality streetscape along its

entire Sturt Street frontage

- improve the school entry and sense of address34

The Heritage Assessment notes that the Sturt Street frontage of the campus ‘lies within HO164 and

compromises a part of a major heritage streetscape’. The significance of Sturt Street to Ballarat is noted in

this assessment:

The Sturt Street boulevard is the focus of city design in this area as the formal western gateway

to the centre of the city, and to the east, it links with the commemorative Ballarat Avenue of

Honour, where between 1917 and 1921, over 3,000 trees were planted along the Western

Highway for 22km. 35

The elements of the campus that the Amendment proposes to remove from Sturt Street include existing sports

courts comprising a ‘large area of sealed ground, enclosed by a 3 metre high black cyclone wire fence’, and a

‘single storey flat of modern origin with a small carport’. According to the Heritage Assessment these elements

of the campus are not significant and in fact detract from the Sturt Street frontage:

32 Adapted from Ballarat Clarendon College Sturt Street Campus Master Plan 2017-2030, p. 8 33 Adapted from SED Advisory 2016 Contribution to Regions and People, p. 7 34 Adapted from Ballarat Clarendon College Sturt Street Campus Master Plan 2017-2030 35 Bryce Raworth Pty Ltd 2017 Proposed Demolition and Vehicle Turning Point Ballarat and Clarendon College Ajax & Murray Streets, Newington Heritage Issues, p. 13


These represent visually intrusive, non-contributory elements that detract from the

setting of the adjacent heritage buildings and from the Sturt Street streetscape. They

provide a poor public interface between the built form of the school and its primary public

frontage, which includes heritage36

The Heritage Assessment concludes that the removal of these elements from Sturt Street will constitute a

‘positive heritage outcome’ contributing to the heritage significance of the area:

..the demolition….will represent an appreciable and highly visible, highly public benefit in

terms of one of the most important streetscapes within the heritage overlay area…The proposed

demolition of these non-contributory elements will enhance the context and setting of the key

significant heritage structures along the Sturt Street campus frontage, which include brick

school buildings to the west, the adjacent residence at 1423 Sturt Street and further houses to

east at 1415, 1417, 1419 and 1421 Sturt Street. This is a positive heritage outcome37.

Role of the College in the education community of Ballarat

There is clear evidence that the role of the College in the Ballarat education community is significant. In 2018

the College ranked 12 out of 533 schools in Victoria, achieved a median VCE score of 36, and 27.5% of

students achieved a score of 40+. These are significantly higher results than many other private schools across

Victoria, and any other school in the Ballarat region (Table 5).

Source: https://bettereducation.com.au/CompareSchools/year_12/vic/compare_vce_school_ranking.aspx

NB: VCE results are recorded in terms of Study Scores. Victorian Curriculum and Assessment Authority provides a Study Score for each Unit 3 & 4 study, based on the marks a student receives for each graded study. Achievement is assessed on a scale of 0 to 50, and in all studies the average study score across the state is 30.

36 Bryce Raworth Pty Ltd 2017 Proposed Demolition and Vehicle Turning Point Ballarat and Clarendon College Ajax & Murray Streets, Newington Heritage Issues, p. 22 – emphasis added. 37 Bryce Raworth Pty Ltd 2017 Proposed Demolition and Vehicle Turning Point Ballarat and Clarendon College Ajax & Murray Streets, Newington Heritage Issues, p. 22 -23 – emphasis added.

Table 5: 2018 School Rankings – Ballarat Area


Recent enrolment trends indicate the attraction of the College showing that between 2013 – 2015 94 families,

comprising 155 students, relocated to Ballarat to attend the College. Most of these families were from greater

Melbourne and Country Victoria38.

There is also clear evidence that residents of the City of Ballarat benefit from the high academic standing of

the College. Student enrolments by post code show that the majority of current students are from the local

Ballarat area, i.e. 1,072 students or 76.2% of current enrolments (Figure 22).

Source: SED Advisory 2016 Economic Impact Analysis

The College is seeking to increase the number of students enrolled by up to 25 students per year over the

next 10 years up to a maximum of 1,195 students in 2027 (Figure 23). The Amendment will allow the College

to provide appropriate facilities and campus environment for forecast student numbers.

Source: SED Advisory 2016 Economic Impact Analysis, p. 14

38 SED Advisory 2016 Economic Impact Analysis

Figure 22: Number of Students per Post Code Area – Student Place of Origin

Figure 23: Student Numbers 2013 - 2026


7. Summary Social Impact Assessment

This Section provides a summary of the potential social impacts of the Amendment identified in previous Sections, above.

Table 6: Social Impact Assessment – Summary Findings

Relevant Impact Measures Identified Social Impacts Social Impact Level

Walkability (Refer to Section 6.1)

Evidence from prior work shows significant community concern about:

- adequacy of parking for residents and College staff

- residents in Ajax Street in relation to impacts to their street car spaces

- general concern in relation to school traffic impacting residential street

Adjustments to the Master Plan have been made in response to these concerns including:

- Additional onsite car parking facilities are provided - Proposed court bowl in Ajax Street has been moved further west to ensure all non-

school properties will have access to on street car parking - School pick-up/drop-off will be strongly discouraged along Ajax Street and management

and traffic measures will be put in place to support this

The Transport Impact Assessment concludes: 1. A level of traffic will be redistributed through the network as a result of the proposed street closures 2. The redistributed traffic is expected to have a limited impact on the level of traffic in the surrounding road network 3. The existing public pedestrian link through the school is to be closed which will result in a redistribution of pedestrians through the local road network 4. The expected increases to pedestrians is considered acceptable 5. There are no traffic engineering grounds which should prohibit the proposal

NEUTRAL

Overriding policy goal includes Ensure a welcoming, inclusive, active and socially-connected city for all ages and abilities Measures of walkability are: 1. A five minute walk, the time taken for the average person to walk 400 metres; If the walking environment is favourable, an average of 1.2 kilometres in good conditions 2. Maintain existing levels of access to destinations and services 3. Fewer crossing points spaced around 500 metres

Pedestrian Easement 1. Prior land uses to the north of the Campus that contributed to the conditions of sale, and the provision of the pedestrian easement, included the location of churches in the area. However, declining attendances and an ageing congregation have contributed to the decision to close these churches in recent years. 2. Walkable access to key church destinations north of the campus is no longer needed - St Cuthbert’s Church is now a private residence and no longer a key destination 3. Walkability to existing key destinations (bus stops) will continue to meet the 400 mtr measure if the pedestrian easement is removed 4. Limitations are evident in the current provision of crossing points on Sturt Street: The distance between the two existing crossing points is approximately 550 mtrs which does not meet the 400 mtr walkability measure. Given the flatness of the topography however, it could be argued that these crossing points do meet the walkability measure of 1.2 kilometres in good conditions

NEUTRAL



Connectivity and Permeability (Refer to Section 6.2)

Measures of connectivity and permeability are:

9. Direct, desirable routes to schools and public transport

10. Easy access to key destinations for pedestrians 11. Continuous accessible paths of travel 12. Accessibly located public transport stops 13. Active street frontages, legible pedestrian

circulation routes that are not compromised or interrupted by traffic calming devices or car access


15. Travel distances decrease and route options increase

16. Limited road connectivity to encourage cars to use arterial roads rather than local streets and promote walking as the local trip mode

The following features of the local street network will remain after the Amendment, despite the removal of the pedestrian easement and proposed road closures:

- direct routes to bus stops will continue to be available in the area, and meet the 400 mtr measure of walkability

- the provision of continuous accessible pathways - the area will continue to provide a highly permeable street network with many short

links and intersections and good density of connections - the Amendment will encourage cars to use arterial roads rather than local streets

The Traffic Assessment Report has noted that:

the distance for pedestrians to walk will largely remain unchanged it is not expected that the road closures will materially impact on the travel patterns of residents and staff of the school, however pick-up and drop-off activity associated with the school will be redistributed within the surrounding road network

NEUTRAL

Community Safety (Refer to Section 6.3)

Measures of community safety are:

10. Co-locate movement routes to increase natural surveillance

11. Locate paths to permit views of activity for safety and security

12. Avoid dense shrubbery around pedestrian routes and set plants well back from paths

13. Identify the safety implications of places where movement options are limited such as pedestrian bridges, enclosed pathways and stairways.

14. Develop solutions to reduce vulnerability, such as increasing visibility, lighting and adjacent activity at these places

The College has received legal advice that 'the Easement is an identifiable risk to child safety. It allows the public to enter the school grounds at all hours and the location of the easement (directly adjacent to a girls dormitory) poses a significant safety risk to students residing on campus...Should removal of the Easement be refused, we are concerned that the College will be at risk of non-compliance with the recent changes to child safety laws...should a child safety incident occur on the Campus arising from the offending person using the Easement, Council and the College may be held jointly (and severally) liable' The proposal within the Amendment to relocate the girls boarding house to an area north of Ajax Street and within the school boundaries would remove this element of public risk and reflect the following CPTED principle: - High-risk activities should be shifted to safer locations to overcome the vulnerability of these activities and to take advantage of natural surveillance within the safe area. An assessment of the Amendment using CPTED Principles identifies the following areas of concern regarding community safety on the current campus design:

POSITIVE MODERATE - HIGH







- Area of pedestrian easement within the campus - Intersection of Ajax and Murray Streets

These areas do not reflect the following CPTED principles:

- Sufficient opportunity for people engaged in their normal behaviour to observe the space around them

- Maximising of visibility through building orientation, windows, entrances and exits, car parking areas walkways, landscape trees and shrubs

- Placement of persons or activities to maximize surveillance possibilities - Clear delineation of private space from semi-public and public spaces to creates a sense

of ownership - Natural surveillance and natural access control strategies with additional symbolic or

social ones to enhance a feeling of legitimate ownership The pedestrian easement is immediately adjacent to the girls boarding house and areas of high student use that become ‘social clusters’ in the campus public spaces including:

- Public seating areas used by students for lunchtime socialising – identified as spaces of ‘social clusters’- Public seating areas used by students for lunchtime socialising

- 95 student lockers located immediately to the east of the public access easement - While no record of child abuse has been made in relation to the public use of the

pedestrian easement, this does not remove the possibility of this risk occurring. Removal of the pedestrian easement would greatly increase the safety of the campus for students (responding to recent changes to Child Safety laws in Victoria)

The proposed changes to the intersection of Ajax and Murray Streets present significant improvements in this area in terms of community safety and particularly respond to the following CPTED principles:

- Limiting public access - Increasing natural surveillance - Locating an activity so individuals engaged in that activity become part of the natural

surveillance system – this is particularly evident through the location of the tennis courts in this area

- Placing safe activities in places that will discourage would-be offenders – this is particularly evident through the location of the tennis courts and increased sport user activities increased in the area



- High-risk activities should be shifted to safer locations to overcome the vulnerability of these activities and to take advantage of natural surveillance within the safe area – this is particularly evident through the relocation of the drop off and pick up areas to safer locations with greater passive surveillance

- Gathering areas should be located in areas that provide for natural surveillance or in locations away from the view of would-be offenders – also evident through the relocation of the drop off and pick up areas to safer locations with greater passive surveillance

Heritage Dwellings (Refer to Section 6.4)

Overriding policy goals related to Heritage dwellings include:

4. Conserve, protect, and enhance the fabric of identified heritage places and precincts.

5. Identify and protect heritage places, including maintaining the visual prominence of heritage buildings and landmarks.

6. Discourage the demolition of buildings and other elements of identified local, state and national heritage significance.

A Heritage Assessment of the Amendment finds that, in relation to the demolition of heritage listed dwellings:

We do not consider the proposed demolition of 17 Ajax Street...to be problematic given its status as a non-contributory building. Whilst the building at 1 Murray Street is not part of the Ajax Street streetscape, it is a representative building nonetheless and reasonably intact except in terms of its altered porch. However its demolition will result in little appreciable impact upon its streetscape or the broader precinct because of its relative isolation. The greatest potential impact in terms of significance will relate to the demolition of 19, 21 and 23 Ajax Street. Whilst these buildings are generally representative of the heritage precinct, they cannot be seen as exceptional or unusual examples that sit on the higher end of the spectrum of contributory dwelling….Their demolition in my opinion will therefore result in an incremental impact upon the character and significance of the precinct…The heritage significance of the precinct identified in the statement of significance will remain relevant, even if these buildings are demolished, and will not be undermined to such an extent that would call the statement of significance into question In relation to the potential relocation of heritage dwellings the Heritage Assessment of the Amendment finds that: given that these are only contributory buildings rather than individually significant buildings, it is considered acceptable

Overall the Heritage Assessment finds that: The proposal will result in a low impact outcome in relation to the heritage values of Ajax Street. … The proposed scheme therefore represents an acceptable outcome with respect to the heritage values of Ajax Street and the wider precinct

NEUTRAL

Overriding policy goals related to Social and Cultural Heritage include:

The Heritage Assessment of the Amendment identifies the following factors contributing to historical significance in the area:

- its associations with underground quartz mining

NEUTRAL



1. Protect, conserve and enhance areas, features, structures and sites of historic, aboriginal, natural and cultural significance

2. Require that new development interprets culturally significant places and respects heritage and cultural boundaries.

Established measures of ‘social’ or ‘cultural’ heritage in include:

7. Public places where people gather and act as a community/places of 'meeting'/places with special meaning for particular communities

8. Places of 'resort' and public entertainment 9. 'Communities' 10. Places associated with recent significant events 11. Commemorative places 12. Usefulness - some places are valued because

they are useful, but would not be mourned if demolished and replaced, the value relates to our need for that function rather than our attachment to the fabric of that place

- the precincts lasting continuity of civic pride and urban beautification schemes that had defined the 19th century structure of the city...illustrated by major avenue plantings, and infrastructure development such as the extensive network of significantly intact bluestone channel drains, gutters and kerbs from the 1880s. The combined works contribute to the creation of a stately provincial City with magnificent wide thoroughfares, tree-lined avenues, parks, gardens and substantial educational institutions…

- City Oval, home to the Ballarat Football Club originally home to the Royal Saxon Company's mine

None of these social or cultural heritage contributors will be impacted by the Amendment

It could be argued that community attitudes towards the existing pedestrian easement on the campus reflect the social or cultural value of 'Usefulness', i.e.:

…where some places are valued because they are useful, but would not be mourned if demolished and replaced. Each of us can think of a local place - such as the supermarket - which has value to us because it exists in our neighbourhood, but the value relates to our need for that function rather than our attachment to the fabric of that place However, an assessment of the social impact of the Amendment using measures of walkability, connectivity and permeability, above, shows that removal of the easement will not reduce the ‘usefulness’ of the area in terms of connection and opportunities for walking to key destinations.

Other Identified Social Impacts (Refer to Section 6.5)

Development of sports facilities

A range of social benefits of these sports facilities have been identified in prior work including: - support improved safety, education, health and well-being outcomes for students - increasing the amount and quality of usable open space per student - supporting the efficient delivery of the physical education and cocurricular sports program - effectively doubling current capacity for health and physical education classes, the sports program and during recess and lunchtime - enhancement of regional infrastructure - facilities on campus are very often at the heart of community life in regional communities and can significantly complement assets and facilities provided by governments, businesses and other agencies .

POSITIVE MODERATE

Changes to the Sturt Street front of the Campus

The Heritage Assessment identifies these aspects of the Amendment as constituting a ‘positive heritage outcome’ contributing to the heritage significance of the area: ..the demolition...[of the current tennis courts and flat facing Sturt Street]….will represent an

POSITIVE MODERATE



appreciable and highly visible, highly public benefit in terms of one of the most important streetscapes within the heritage overlay area…The proposed demolition of these non-contributory elements will enhance the context and setting of the key significant heritage structures along the Sturt Street campus frontage, which include brick school buildings to the west, the adjacent residence at 1423 Sturt Street and further houses to east at 1415, 1417, 1419 and 1421 Sturt Street. This is a positive heritage outcome.

Role of the College in the educational community of Ballarat

The College plays an important role in the educational community of Ballarat. It was ranked 12 out of 533 schools in Victoria, achieved a median VCE score of 36, and 27.5% of students achieved a score of 40+. These are significantly higher results than many other private schools across Victoria, and any other school in the Ballarat region. There is also clear evidence that residents of the City of Ballarat benefit from the high academic standing of the College. Student enrolments by post code show that the majority of current students are from the local Ballarat area, i.e. 1,072 students or 76.2% of current enrolments. The Amendment will allow the College to provide appropriate facilities and campus environment for forecast student numbers.

POSITIVE LOW

Overriding social benefits of the Amendment include:

1. Increased student safety on campus

2. Significant community safety improvements in adjacent streets with increased opportunities for passive surveillance and a clear sense of social

identity in open space areas

3. Safe and successful development of a ‘campus heart’ supporting student activities and interaction on campus

4. Improved sporting facilities contributing to increased health and wellbeing and physical education outcomes for students

5. Enhanced regional sporting infrastructure

6. Appropriate facilities and campus environment for forecast student numbers


7.1 Mitigating Strategies

The Assessment of the Amendment using measures of ‘walkability’ finds that limitations are evident in the

current provision of crossing points on Sturt Street: i.e. The distance between the two existing crossing points

is approximately 550 mtrs which does not meet the 400 mtr walkability measure. Given the flatness of the

topography however, it could be argued that these crossing points do meet the walkability measure of 1.2

kilometres in good conditions.

As a potential mitigating strategy to reduce this risk, the College should continue to work with the City of

Ballarat as the lead agency, to negotiate with Vic Roads to ensure that safe and accessible crossing points are

provided on Sturt Street that ensure ongoing student and resident access to bus stops in this area.

8. Conclusion

This report provides an assessment of the potential social impacts of proposed Planning Scheme Amendment

C207 to the Ballarat Planning Scheme related to the Ballarat Clarendon College Sturt Street Campus (The

Amendment). A range of measures of the potential social impact of the Amendment are drawn from the

relevant legislative, policy and research context and applied this assessment. Table 1 lists these measures

and shows that, overall, the Amendment is likely to have a moderate-high positive social impact

providing a range of benefits to both the local and broader community39. Full details of this assessment

are provided in Section 7, ‘Summary Social Impact Assessment’.

39 NB: ‘Local community’ comprises residents, visitors and workers of the College and adjacent residential streets; ‘broader community’ comprises residents of the City of Ballarat and participants of the Ballarat secondary education sector.


9. References

1. Ballarat Clarendon College Sturt Street Campus Masterplan – Update to Neighbours 10 May 2017

2. Ballarat Clarendon College Sturt Street Campus Masterplan Public Relations and Engagement Strategy

3. Ballarat Clarendon College Draft Media Release/ Holding Statement

4. Ballarat Clarendon College Key Stakeholder List (DRAFT)

5. Ballarat Clarendon College Key Messages – Comments and feedback to Sandy Kaye

6. Ballarat Clarendon College Signed Planning Permit Application

7. Ballarat Clarendon College City of Ballarat Road Discontinuation Application Form

8. Ballarat Clarendon College Sturt Street Campus Master Plan 2017 – 2030

9. Ballarat and Clarendon College v Ballarat City Council [2012] Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal

VCAT 1105 Tribunal decision

10. Bryce Raworth Pty Ltd 2017 Proposed Demolition and Vehicle Turning Point Ballarat and Clarendon

College Ajax & Murray Streets, Newington - Heritage Issues

11. Byrne et al. 2003 Social Significance - a Discussion Paper, NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service,

June

12. City of Ballarat Special Ordinary Council Meeting 16 May 2018 Council Chamber, Town Hall, Sturt

Street, Ballarat MINUTES Public Copy

13. City of Ballarat Ordinary Council Meeting 2 May 2018 Council Chamber, Town Hall, Sturt Street,

Ballarat AGENDA Public Copy

14. Community Safety Trustee 2018 Community Safety Statement Assurance Report June (Community

Safety Trustee appointed by the Victorian Government to advise and monitor progress in respect to

the Community Safety Statement)

15. Department of Sustainability and Environment Crime Prevention Victoria Safer Design Guidelines for

Victoria 2018, pp. 34 - 38

16. HWL Ebsworth Letter to SED in relation to Child Safety Laws HWL Lawyers to SED Advisory 2017

17. Johnston, C. 1992 What is social value? A discussion Paper Context Pty ltd Commonwealth of Australia

18. Ministerial Direction Ballarat C207

19. MDG Ballarat Clarendon College – Landscape Concept Plans

20. One Mile Grid 2017 Clarendon College Transport Impact Assessment, July

21. One Mile Grid 2017a Clarendon College Traffic & Parking Management Plan, July

22. Reeman Mohammed Rehan 2013 ‘Sustainable streetscape as an effective tool in sustainable urban

design’ Housing and Building National Research Center Journal 9, pp. 173–186

23. SED Advisory 2016 Ballarat Clarendon College – Contribution to Regions and People Final Report,

January

24. SED Advisory 2016 Ballarat Clarendon College - Economic Impact Assessment Final Report June

25. SED 2017 Sturt Street Campus Master Plan - Stakeholder Engagement Summary Ballarat Clarendon

College Final Report, June

26. SED Advisory 2018 Ballarat Clarendon College - Local Stakeholder Mapping, December

27. SED Advisory 2018 Sturt Street Campus Master Plan 2017-2030 Planning Report Ballarat Clarendon

College April

28. SED Advisory Ballarat and Clarendon College Senior Campus Section 96 Planning Scheme Amendment


29. SED Advisory 2018 Ballarat Clarendon College Community Engagement - Summary and Responses

30. SED Advisory 2018 Ballarat Clarendon College Planning scheme amendment and planning permit

application, Presentation

31. Thomson Hay Landscape Architects 2017 Ballarat Clarendon College - Tree Assessment Plan

32. Williams Boag Architects Sturt Street Elevation

33. Williams Boag Architects Ajax Street Elevation

34. Williams Boag Architects Existing Campus Condition and Proposed Master Plan


10. Curriculum Vitae

Dr Kate Kerkin Director K2 Planning Kate is an urban research and policy professional with extensive experience in

social and community planning. Kate has worked with community associations, local,

and federal governments on a range of issues including housing policy,

community facility planning, social plans and community visions.

Qualifications

• PhD University of Melbourne 2002

• Masters of Public Policy University of New England 1991

• Bachelor of Arts, Hons (1) Australian National University 1984

• Certified Planning Practitioner (CPP/PIA)

Professional Association Memberships

• Planning Institute of Australia (PIA)

• International Association for Participation (IAP2)

• Privacy Impact Assessment Training (Privacy Commissioner Victoria)

• Australian Market and Social Research Society (AMSRS)

• Institute of Australian Geographers

• International Cities, Town Centres and Communities

• Course Advisory Board Member Deakin University Planning Program

• Referee Urban Policy and Research

• Board Member Siro Villa Retirement Housing

Awards

• Planning Institute Australia (PIA) Victoria Planning Excellence Awards 2014 Commendation Community

Engagement – Monash City Council, Kingston City Council and K2 Planning Strengthening Clayton and Clarinda

Project

• Planning Institute Australia (PIA) Victoria Planning Excellence Awards 2010 Social and Community Planning

Commendation - K2 Planning and Mount Alexander Shire Council for the Mount Alexander Review of

Community Services and Facilities

• PIA Victoria Planning Excellence Awards 2005 Social and Community Planning Commendation City of

Greater Geelong – Bellarine Peninsula Strategic Plan (Dr Kate Kerkin Project Manager)

• PIA Victoria Planning Excellence Awards 2009 Urban Planning Achievement Commendation CPG Australia

- Addressing Gaming in the Victorian Planning Framework (Dr Kate Kerkin Project Manager)

• Finalist 2014 Telstra Business Women’s Award (Dr Kate Kerkin)

Community Facility Planning • Endeavor Hills Community Facilities Needs Assessment 2017

• Hampton Park Community Facilities Needs Assessment 2017

• Cranbourne Town Centre Community Facilities Needs Assessment 2017

• Clayton Business Park Social Impact Assessment – Peer Review and revised Assessment 2017

• City of Whittlesea Established Areas Infrastructure Plan 2016


• Kingston Golf Club Community Infrastructure Assessment 2016

• Glenelg Early Years Feasibility Study and Infrastructure Plan 2015

• Warrnambool Child Care Assessment Report 2015

• Bayside Kindergarten Assessment Bayside City Council 2014

• Colac Early Years and Family Services Logic Mapping Report 2014

• Sunbury South PSP Community Infrastructure Needs Assessment Metropolitan Planning Authority 2014

• Lancefield Road PSP Community Infrastructure Needs Assessment Metropolitan Planning Authority 2014

• Centre Road Narre Warren Community Infrastructure Assessment 2014

• Brierly Reserve Community Hub Feasibility Study Warrnambool 2013

• Warrnambool Community Services Infrastructure Plan 2013

• Moorabool Community Infrastructure Needs Assessment 2013

• Hume North Growth Corridor Health Master Plan 2013

• Eaglehawk Community Infrastructure Needs Assessment 2013

• Children’s Services Infrastructure Plan City of Greater Geelong CoGG 2012

• Armstrong Creek Town Centre Community Infrastructure Requirements CoGG 2012

• Armstrong Creek East Early Provision of Community Infrastructure CoGG 2012

• City of Melbourne Community Infrastructure Needs Analysis 2010

• City North URA Community Infrastructure Needs Analysis City of Melbourne (COM) 2011

• Arden Macaulay Urban Renewal Areas Community Infrastructure Needs Analysis 2011

• Southbank Community Infrastructure Needs Analysis City of Melbourne (COM) 2011

• Hobsons Bay Community Infrastructure Plan 2011

• City of Kingston Community Infrastructure Plan 2011

• Mount Alexander Shire Community Infrastructure Needs Analysis 2011

• Mount Beauty Community Facilities Strategy 2011

• West Maddingley Community Infrastructure Assessment 2010

• Docklands Community Infrastructure Plan 2008

• Yarrawonga Growth Management Strategy Moira Shire 2008

• South Shepparton Community Infrastructure Strategy City of Greater Shepparton 2008

• Anglesea Community Precinct Master Plan Surf Coast Shire 2008

• Torquay Community Civic Precinct Master Plan Surf Coast Shire 2007

• Melbourne Docklands Human Services VicUrban 2007

• Myrtleford Community Hub Alpine Shire 2007

Social Impact Assessments (SIA) • Tenant Survey Ashwood Chadstone Gateway Project Port Phillip Housing Association (PPHA) 2013- 2017

• Neighbourhood Survey Ashwood Chadstone Gateway Project PPHA 2014

• Palais Theatre Redevelopment Social Impact Assessment 2013

• Beveridge Social Impact Assessment 2011

• Ashwood Chadstone Gateway Project SIA PPHA 2010

• Brooklyn Greens Social Impact Assessment – Supreme Court 2010

• Corner Hotel Liquor Licence Hours Social Impact Assessment 2010

• Laurimar Hotel VCGLR Application Social Impact Assessment 2010

• Edgewater Club EGM Application Maribyrnong (VCAT) 2009

• Bells Hotel Port Phillip EGM Application (VCGR) 2009

• Kennington Retail Development Bendigo 2009


• Burnside North Residential Development Melton 2008

• Wightsands Retirement Village Cowes 2008

• Lakes Hotel Pakenham EGM Application (VCGR) 2008

• Romsey Hotel Macedon EGM Application (VCAT) 2008

• Bells Hotel Port Phillip EGM Application (VCAT) 2008

• Edgewater Club EGM Application Maribyrnong (VCGR) 2008

• Chirnside North Residential Subdivision 2007

• Big Hill Residential Development Bendigo 2007

• Drive-In Site Retail Redevelopment Shepparton 2007

Facilitation • Pokies Assessment Training Day Victorian Local Governance Association 2012 - 2014

• Bellarine Peninsula Localised Planning Statement – Councillor Workshop 2014

• Moreland Community Infrastructure Framework - Scoping Session 2013

• South Coast Primary Care Partnership - Gaming Forum 2013

• Ballarat Transport Connections Workshop 2013

• Community Development Staff Development Workshop – City of Greater Geelong 2012

• Proposed Development Workshop - Tobab Court Bell Park 2012

• Armstrong Creek Master Plan - Stakeholder Workshop 2011

• Corio Norlane Structure Plan - Community Panel Enquiry by Design 2011

• Lovely Banks Community Engagement Strategy 2011

• Moreland Gaming Policy – Stakeholder Engagement 2010

Project Evaluations • Strengthening Clayton and Clarinda - Evaluation Report 2013

• Privacy Impact Assessment – Geelong Safe Taxi Rank Initiative 2013

• Communicating Port of Melbourne Research and Knowledge 2013

• City of Port Phillip Health and Wellbeing Literature Review 2012

• Bellarine Peninsula Strategic Plan Mid-Term Evaluation 2011

Gaming Policies (Coomes Consulting) • Peer Review - Maryborough Highland Society VCGR Application 2012

• Peer Review - City of Greater Geelong Social Gaming Policy 2012

• Peer review – Browns Corner Hotel VCGLR Application 2012

• Guides to the Application Processes for Electronic Gaming Machines

- http://egm.responsiblegambling.vic.gov.au/ 2011

- Social Impact Assessment Red Lion Hotel VCGLR Application 2011

• Gaming Policy Surf Coast Shire and City of Greater Geelong 2008

• Gaming Policy Macedon Ranges Shire 2008

• Gaming Policy Mitchell Shire 2008

• Gambling Planning Framework Hume City Council 2008

• Gaming Policy Yarra City Council 2008

• Gaming Policy Bendigo City Council 2008

• Gaming Policy Brimbank City Council 2008

Housing

http://egm.responsiblegambling.vic.gov.au/


• Melton Housing Strategy Melton Shire 2008 - 2009

• Moreland Housing Needs Assessment Moreland City Council 2008

• Inner Melbourne Regional Housing Statement (with Collaborations) 2004

• Moreland Affordable Housing Strategy Moreland City Council 2004

• Planning Regulations for Elderly Persons Housing Mornington Peninsula

(with Beverley Kliger and Assoc)

• Study Guide on Women and the Australian Housing System 1996

• Study Guide on the Australian housing system for workers in the community housing sector 1996

• Board Member Victorian Women’s Housing Association 1998- 2001

Social Plans • Monitoring Social Change – Ashwood Chadstone Gateway Project Port Phillip Housing Assoc. 2011- 2016

• Moira Social Plan Moira Shire Council 2007

• Bellarine Community Transport Action Plan City of Greater Geelong 2012

• Geelong Community Transport Action Plan City of Greater Geelong 2012

• Bellarine Peninsula Strategic Plan - City of Greater Geelong 2006

• Social Planning City of Greater Geelong 2004

University Lecturing • Guest Lecturer Social Planning University of Melbourne 2014

• Guest Lecturer Urban Planning Deakin University 2014- Present

• Guest Lecturer Urban Design Deakin University 2011-Present

• Lecturer Health Cities PIA Victoria 2009

• Lecturer, Anthropology, Geography and Environmental Studies, Uni. Melbourne 2002

• Lecturer, Faculty of Architecture, Building and Planning, University of Melbourne 2001 - 2002

• Lecturer, School of Architecture and Design, RMIT 1998–2001

• Lecturer, Urban Policy and Planning, RMIT 1991–1998

• Lecturer/Course Coordinator Associate Diploma of Community Development, VUT 1991

Other Research Experience • Regular presentation at professional conferences Ongoing

• Course Advisory Member Deakin University Masters of Planning Ongoing

• Urban Design Study Tour Canada and USA 1995

• Research Fellow, Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute 1995

• Research Assistant to Lecturer in Public Policy, University of New England 1988

• Research Officer, The Rural Development Centre, University of New England 1987

• Research Assistant, National Centre for Development Studies, 1985

Australian National University

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