BACKUP/MASTER:Strategies for Archiving

Dianne McAdamSenior Analyst and PartnerData Mobility Group

Backup versus archiving

Terms used interchangeably

Define different processes

Different end results

Backups

Designed to protect ALL data

• Datacenter, desktop, laptops

Run on a regular basis

• Every 24 hours

• More often for mission-critical applications

Multiple backup copies are saved

• Several copies of weekly backups

• Incrementals

• Monthly and quarterly backups

Backups (2)

Usually not actively deleted

Overwritten

• Second set of incrementals overwrites the first

• Fifth set of weekly backups overwrites the first

Multiple backup processes and software

can exist

• One product for laptops

• Another for departmental backups

Archive

Not a backup copy

Not a disaster recovery copy

Data that is kept for a long period of time

Can be called:

• Fixed-content data

• Unstructured data

• Reference data

• Retention managed data

Archive (2)

Active archive

Deep archive

Active archive

Software to “slim down” databases

Databases expand over time

Customer databases contain numerous

“inactive” customers

Software extracts inactive data

• Associated table definitions, indexes, metadata

Migrates inactive data to lower-cost storage

• Disk, tape or optical storage

Active archive (2)Designed to improve management of large

databases

Not a replacement for backup

Not a form of data protection

Does not have to run daily, but on a regular basis

• Weekly, monthly

• Depends on the amount of data that becomes “inactive”

Saves money

• Using lower-cost storage

Improves performance of main database

• Quicker to backup and restore

Deep archiving

Corporations have had internal policies for how

long data should be kept

• Medical, financial, employee records

• Engineering designs

New regulations are dictating retention periods

Archival software designed to store regulated

and non-regulated data for specific period of

time

Deep archiving (2)

Not a backup copy

Not a disaster recovery copy

Data is actively deleted

• When a specified time period elapses

Seven years for e-mail

• When a specific event occurs

Two years after an employee leaves the company

Deep archiving (3)

Many different types of storage

• Tape, optical, disk, special appliances

Backups store multiple copies of data;

archive should store only one copy

SEC 17a-4

• Need to keep one copy offsite

Some regulations require WORM support

Deep archiving (4)

Recovery Time Objectives (RTO)

• Time to recover data

• Different from backups

Recovery Point Objectives (RPO)

• Age of data used to restore

• RPO = 0

What’s the cost?

Not just acquisition costs

Other long-term costs

• Environmental factors

• Maintenance

Hardware requirements

How much data will be archived?

• Projected growth rate

• Retention period

• Backed up onsite or offsite

• Extra capacity for unexpected growth

Hardware requirements (2)

Media choice

• Disk, SATA disk, tape, optical

Average disk/tape utilization

RAID level

• Combination of disk/tape?

• WORM support required?

Purchase and maintenance costs

Purchase price

Installation and freight charges

Warranty period

Lifespan of equipment

Cost to migrate

• People

• Software

Software requirements

Archive software costs

Additional software required?

Compatibility with existing/new

equipment

Environmental requirements

Footprint

Power

Cooling

Calculating the costs

Calculate storage requirements

Assumptions

• Initial storage requirements = 50 TB

• Annual growth rate = 10%

• Average tape utilization = 85% Average compression 2:1

• Average disk utilization = 70%

• No data expires the first 7 years

Calculating the costsTerabytes Year

1

Year

2

Year

3

Year

4

Year

5

Year

6

Year

7

Initial

Storage

50 55 60.5 66.6 73.3 80.6 88.7

New Data 5 5.5 6.1 6.7 7.3 8.1 8.9

Total Data 55 60.5 66.6 73.3 80.6 88.7 97.6

Disk

Requirements

78.6 86.4 95.1 104.7 115.1 126.7 139.4

Tape

Requirements

64.7 71.2 78.4 86.2 94.8 104.4 114.8

All-tape configuration

Tape Library $77,860

4 LTO2 Drives $73,560

287 Cartridges $18,655

Total $170,075

All-disk configuration

10 controllers $243,810

30 expansion units $695,490

4 racks $18,000

Total $957,300

Calculating environmentalsAssumptions

• $20/square foot/month

• $.10/KWH

• Electrical = (Power + cooling) * units *

8760 *.1

Footprint Yearly

Cost

Power

per unit

Cooling

per unit

Electrical

per year

Total

Library 10.2 $2448 .92 KWH .92 KWH $1612

Drives 0 $0 .032

KWH

.032

KWH

$ 224

Total $1836 $4284

Calculating environmentals (2)Assumptions

• $20/square foot/month

• $.10/KWH

• Electrical = (Power + cooling) * units *

8760 *.1

Footprint Yearly

Cost

Power

per unit

Cooling

per unit

Electrical

per year

Total

Disk Base

unit

29 $6,940 .33 KWH .39KWH $6,307

Expansion

unit

0 $0 .33 KWH .39 KWH $18,921

Total $25,228 $32,168

Seven-year costsYear 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 Year 7 Total

Tape $174,359 $4,284 $4,284 $4,284 $4,284 $4,284 $4,284 $200,063

Disk $989,468 $32,168 $32,168 $32,168 $32,168 $32,168 $32,168 $1,182,476

Some caveats – not included

The cost of maintenance

The cost to replace disk and tape

The cost of the software

The cost of phasing in equipment

purchases

Some caveats – not included (2)

The amount of data that will expire

The cost associated with backing up data

The additional cost for RAID-1 or RAID-5

disk

The additional cost of HBAs and cables,

etc.

Other optionsHybrid disk/tape solution

Raw Usable

Disk Capacity 24.5 17.2

Tape Capacity 95 80.8

Total 120 98

Hardware costs - hybridDisk appliance

$276,600

Tape

Library

$76,640

2 LTO2

drives

$36,780

238 cartridges

$15,470

Total $128,890

Seven-year costs: Hybrid solution

Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 Year 7 Total

Tape $133,062 $4,172 $4,172 $4,172 $4,172 $4,172 $4,172 $158,094

Disk $284,285 $7,685 $7,685 $7,685 $7,685 $7,685 $7,685 $330,395

Total $488,489

Summary

Disk

• Initially costs more and continues to cost more over

the years

• Faster retrieval time

• How often do you replace disk?

Every 3 years?

Tape

• Initially costs less and continues to cost less

• Slower retrieval time than disk

• How often do you replace tape?

Every 5 – 7 years?

Summary (2)

WORM support

• WORM cartridges cost 10-15% more

Evaluate tape/disk combination

• Evaluate integrated tape with disk appliance

Evaluate migration efforts and costs