housands AtBasut landCongress

ConferenceJOHANNESBU RG.

S EVE RAL thousand delegatesfro m Basutola nd and the

Union atte nded the annual con­feren ce of the Basuto land AfricanCong ress held in Maseru on De­cember 26 and 27. Thev listenedto nu merous speakers proclaim"We shall have a Congress Go­vernment in Basutoland."

The B.A.C . plans to consoli dat eits influence amongst the 600,000Basutos in the territory. The firststep was to conver t the organisa­tion into a pol itical party whichwould contest sca ts in the pro­posed Legislative Council to beformed in terms of the new con­stitutional reforms.

Mr. Ntsu Mokh chle, the Presi­dent of the B.A.C., told the con­ferenc e tha t they stood by theprinciples of the Accra A11-

(Co ntinued on page 3)

BA

PUBLIC OPINIO N

President Ntsu MokhehIe tookoff some time to dance,during it reception for the

delegates,

Toivo In Jai In S.W.A.CA PE TOWN. of official police forms. the Icttcr by a friend who is an employee of

MRW~ivoA~:i~~vo~:e S:u~~ ~~I;= i~~T~i~~e~a:o: ;~sn:oJ~~s t~ ~~~ ~;~o:d.sb~~~~~r i~Si~~et~ordered out of the Uni on recen t- decided to report at the magis- enclosure . I had some newspapersIy after send ing a ta pe-re corded trate 's Native Affairs Branch and with me and commenced reading.message to the United Nations 00 was given permission to stay until A chap cam e along and said hisbeha lf of Ovambola nd Af ricans, 29.12.58. boss wanted to speak to me an d Iis now in jail in Tsumeb. WE NT TO COMPOUND asked him what I had to do with

A letter from Mr. T oivo writt en "As it was my belief that the his boss. He said: 'l ust come a longin jail to New Age states tha t he Boers were after my blood I asked and talk to him your self,' an d Iwas orig inally arr ested for tr es- an African clerk if I could walk went with him to the compoundpassing on mine pro pe rty but was all ove r and he said yes. except office.afterwards told that he was held in the location where I wou ld need "The manager asked me what Ipending his remo val under escort a pe rmi t. It was about 11.30 a.m, was doing in the compound. I toldto Ovamboland. on the 24.12.58 when I went to the him I had gone to see some

Written in pencil on the back Tsumeb Compound accompanied (Continued on page 8)

Pu blic opinion here is con ­vinced that in spite of the Min is­ter's denial it was the in ten tion ofthe Nat ional ists to ban mixedmeetings .

The Na tionalist newspaper "Dag­breek en Sondag nuus" said in aleader that Mr. N el ob viou slyin tended th e ban to include poli ti­cal meetings.

Anoth er vital ques tion was whydid the Minister sing le out 13citizens if the ban was only in­tended fo r mixed parties?

Th e thi rte en on the list includeJ . Slovo. Shi rley Go ldsmith, Man ­nie Brown , Pixie Benia min. JuliusBaker, Abram Fischer, RonniePress, Mar cel Goldberg, Benni eArenstein an d Michael H arm el.

opp 51110'8 N

The charge rankled, andthere ' was much muttering inhigh places in me Americanfo reign service.

Only a few weeks ago, at areception held by Mrs . EleanorRoosevelt in New Yor k, Mr.Ronald Segal , edit or of themagazine "Africa Sout h" , re­peated before a dist inguishedAmerican au dience the cha rgethat the United State s repre ­sentatives pract ised a colourbar at the ir Emb assy in Pre­to ria .. and that this was notgoing down wit h the Non­White peoples of the Union.

The senior' Republican Sena­tor of New York. SenatorJavits, who heard Mr. Segalspeak, sa id he would makeimmediat e inquiries and stepswoul d be taken.

No w we hear that Mr. By­roade, the U.S. "ex pert" onAfrica who consistently refusedto ent erta in Non-Europeans, isto be shunted off to Afghanis­tan. Is this perhaps the firstsign of a change of hea rt onthe part of the Un ited StatesGov ernm ent?

If so, pr ogressive South Afri­cans want more ta ngible proofthan -tha t.

The y want to see Non -Whiteguests at the next IndependenceDay celebrations in the U .s.Embassy before they will be­lieve the colour-bar has gone ,

D eeds speak louder thanwords. Is the United Statesfor or against apartheid? Letth em show us , a nd th e wholeworl d. where they st a nd.

Do

Th is was the picture of apa rtbeid Milliner Sauer drinki1l2 atoast with U.S . Ambassador Byroade tbat we publis hed in 1957.

CAPETOWN.

I s the transfer of the UnitedStates Ambassador. Mr.

Henry A. Dyroade, fromSOl{th Afric~ to Afghanistanthe result of the mountingagitation in South Africa andoverseas against the operationof a colour bar at the U.S. I

Embassy in Pretoria?T his issue was first rai sed by

N ew Age in a front-page art icleon Ju ly 17, 1957, headed : " Mr.American Ambassador, HaveYou a Colour Bar?"

The article asked: "When theAmericans celebrated Inde­pend ence Day thi s mo nth, didthey invite a single African,Indian or Colo ured to join withthe white guests? No , they didnot .• • •

·" Mr. Byroade drank a toa stwith apartheid Minis ter Mr .Sauer. Mr . Bvroade did notdrink a toas t with any Non­European leader . For no Non­European leader was invited."

We pointed out that theAmer ica n Govern ment keepson talk ing about the equa lityof all men irrespective of race,but in pra ctice it suppo rts thecolour bar. An d we contrastedthe American behav iour withthat of the Soviet Consul Gen­eral, who always invited Non­European guests to his (unc­tion s. In fac t, the NationalistGov ernment kicked the Sovietrepre sen tatives out of the coun­try beca use th ey refused toprac tise a colour- bar at theSoviet . Embassy in Pretoria .

Liberals, Black Sash, C.O.D Will Fight BackJOHANNESBURG. ISHARP AND STORMY OPPO· sounded a retreat:, stating t~at .he

T H E NATIVE AF~AJRS SmON HERE. ~~tr~i~s~?O~y~ah mixed drinking

DEPARTMENT's1NTEN- By Monday of this week the THE FACTS, HOWEVE R,n O NTO BAN MIXED GATH- Mini ster of Bantu Administration SHOW THAT THE MI NI STERERING S H AS RECEIVED Mr. Dc Wet Ne l, had al rea dy ~~S p2~~~ O~~~GHT WITH

On December 12 he ga ve noticeto the Johannesburg City Councilof his int ention to implement theban in terms of the Native Co n­solidation Act which prohibits theholding of gatherings, meetin gs

Iand assemblies atten ded by Af ri ­can s in Whi te areas . In terms ofthe Act the City Coun cil has tostate any object ion with in th reeweeks.

I n add ition Mr. De Wet N ellisted 13 White Johannesbu rg citi­zens and said he intended to pro­hibit them from addressing ororganising meetings where one ormore Africans a re present.

The City Counc il at a n emer­gency mee ting rejected the pro ­posed ban and accused the Depart­ment of trying to steal a march onthem since the Council was inrecess.

A nu mber of organisations he rehave also announced their inten­tion to fight the measure. Theseinclu ded the Black Sash, theLibera l Pa rt y, the Institute ofRace Relat ions , the United Eng­lish-spea king South Africans andthe Co ngres s of Democrats.

The Liberal Party statementthre atene d court action seeki ng adeclaration of rights if the ba nwas enforced.

NEW AGE, TH U RSDAY, JANUARY 8, 19.59

HCHUTHER

HELP FROMENGLAND

We thougbt that we shouldtake this end-of-the-year op­portunity to write to you ofour continued purpose to raisefunds in tbis country for yourcourageous paper. In 1958 ourCommitt ee ra ised over £300.In 1959 we hope to exceed tbisfi2Ure.

Our succe ss in the past yea ris due not to our efforts. It isdue to the increasing recogni­tion in this country of tbe cou­rageous fight which New Agei1 making in the just cause forre al delri.oeracy and fre edom\0 Soutb Africa and for peacein the wor ld.

Please accept our best wishesfor success in your struggles.

Yours sincerely,Pa tsy Pillay,

Secretary .Max Jofl'e,Chairman.New ~e (London) Ctte e.

[We th ank th e N ew AgeCommittee for their timely andinspi ring gesture and wouldlike to assure them that , for alltheir m od esty, we are wellawa re it is their won derfulwork whic h has made thei rsuccess pos sib le.- Ed .]

STEPHENS O' DWYER.Johannesburg.

OE D IS 0 TOF ST P

VE

In the inter view with Un itedPre ss, the Prime Mini ster, Dr.H. F. Verwoe rd, has ma de abol d but fruitless attempt to de­fend the Un .on 's baasskap a ndapartheid pol icies.

He appears balked th at " theWest was seeki ng to outbid theCommunists at their own gameof atta ck ing the White man'sprestige in Africa."

Any studen t of African affa irsis aware th at it is not a qu estionof outb idd ing the Communists,but s 'rnple logica l reaso ning ofthe Western .de moc racies keeningpace with the stir ring Africangiant roused to freedom an d in­depen dence.

Mo st of the Western cou nt riesar e awar e tha t the peo ple ofAfr ica vehemently .detest a llform s of colonial ism. whi ch de­nies the Af r ican the right to fullctizenship. It is for these reasons,then, that the West points anaccusin g finger at South Af rica ,and says: "It is an oppressorcountry."

The Prime M inister complainsthat : "Wh en South Africa is a t­tacked, man y Western na tionseither sta nd aside or participateIn the attack."

Does Dr. Verwoerd want theWest to sup port the Un ion standeven though South Africa has nomor al basis, no just ificaton forits case?

The quest ion is asked : Whyhas the Nat ionalist Party failedto take cognizance of the mount­ing opposition at home . yet take sstrong ' exception to overs ea cr itic­ism?

HAVE YOUHE YEART" our New Age committees

in every centre who ' dosuch invaluable work for thepeople's paper go ou r hea rtfeltgood wishes for the new yea rand th an ks for what the y havedon e in the on e whic h has justfaded ou t. Th is appl ies too tothe volun teer s who are alway saround when needed most andto all our friends who con­stantly en sure that we are ingoo d financial stand ing ,

A special word of mentionabout our London N ew Agecommittee who not on ly ha vera ised hu nd reds of pounds forus in the past year bu t ha vealso bol ste red ou r mor ale andthat o f all our re ade rs in Sou thAfrica . On a small er scale, butno less impo rtant , New A gebenefits from th e efforts madebv the group of Dublin stu dentsand all othe r frie nds overseaswho supp ort us so nob1¥.

Our Xma s Eve dan ce downhere in Cape To wn went offwith the usual bang. Thewomen's committee and hand­ful of vo lunteers really excelledthemselves. The cash takingswere £1 14 and promises ofalmost £500 which a -e as secureas the rock of G ibralt ar Th esepromi ses will be redeem edwithin the first few d3YS of theNew Year and give us a goodsta rt for 1959.

MADE YOUliRESOLUTION?

The year ahead promises tobe a hard but beneficial one tothe liberatory stru ggle inSouth A frica. It is our NewYear re solution to be right inthe thick of the struggle toexpose the hypocrisy andtyra nny of the N ationalist gov­ernm ent. For thi s we needplenty of money to get ournews ou t . to the people. Sostart off the new yea r with thefirm resolv e to pu t Ne w A gedonations at the top of vourmonthly budget. And the t imeto sta rt implementing this re so­lution is as soo n as you readthis appe al. Put your hand in,"our poc ket and . before youforge t, take out those fewpou nds and post them to NewAge - NOW.

LA ST WE EK 'S DONATIONSCap e Town: Po rt Eliza beth

Patriot £5, R.S. £3 , Esme andDenni s Xm as Party £5 lOs.,A T . £5 , Xmas Party £113 19s.1d ., Paddy Xm as Pa rty £5,Pipe , 2s. 6d. . M.G. £1, D.B .4s. 6d., E.C.F. £4 4.s., J.ZEig htieth birthday £12 19s.,Hapoy New Year ·£4 14s. IOd.Tot'll £160 135. lid.

Johannesburgr Million Ngwe­nya 2s. 6d ., V. & Co. £10.Re aular (fo r Dec.) £5, Intel ­lectuals £5. Total £20 2s. 6d.

Grand T otal £180 16s. 5d.

HELP SELLNEW AGE

rr:;e~ll a~,,:r f~~ t~fl b~~~there are reports that a goodtime was had by all. Those whoattended the coon carn ivals nodou bt enjoyed the clouds ofdust , and the new contributionto ' "folk music" wh ich goes ,"Hula hoop, hula hoop, hulahoop," ad infinitum: .

There was another coon car­nival at Melkbosstrand andcoons tbere bad 80 elevatingtime with such games as vlnger­trek, skilpadtrek, aartappel-In­die-emmer, and blikkie-optel.

*B~a~t':es~lt~i~~~:n~o~.f.~Man De Wet Nel has started theball rolling by promising to paymore att ention to the "Natives."

He wants all meetlnzs bannedso they won' t 2et rOll2hed up byth e police .

*I ,~;l8ga::~~ ~~atb~h8u:.e;d

to the cops will be used onwomen only.

*A~veth:~:X~O::: ~: ~:;a:::the cocktail called Cuba libreand told to drink Castro oilinstead.

*'WH~;as.theG~~~~:g ..M~~~~~~'and Mosel> have ta ugh t us byasking fo r the exclusion of allgroups other than Co lou red s(Wh ites, Chinese, Indians) froma cinema down here , in orderto prevent a wh ite busin ess or ­ganisation from getting controlof it. is that once we becomeanti-one section we just can'thelp becoming anti- another.Those boys even clos ed th eireyes to the fact th at th e biobelonged to a member of theIn dia n gro up.

It appears that TeD school­principals haven't Ieam ed tha t

IIIIIIIIIIIIIUIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

By ALEX' LA GUMAJIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

you can't have your cake andeat it, neither cut off you r no seto spit e yo ur fac e.

*"TJ:ooti~e;:~: ne~t::~::Son~~nor due to an unusual increaseof crim e. but rather is indica­tive of a So uth African a ttitude •to wards fircarms ."-T he · Cap eArgus.

*A Dot-50-dum b blonde hit thejackp ot a lth ou 2h the y did­

n ' t give her a prize whe n sheap pcnredoo a ra dio. Quiz. Asked

:tfnkqU~~I:er~o;~h~n:owt:they reach the moon?"

Said she: "Russians,'

I RECEIVED ~o greeti ng cardsfrom the Special Branch but

a member did doff his hat to methe other day an d say compli­m ents of the season.

I wonder wbat he expec ted 81a rep ly: ''Happy bunting?"

NEW AG E, THURSDAY, JANUARY 8, .1959

SCHOOLBOY KIDNAPPED TOWORK FOR POTATO FARMER?

,

Are

S LF-ANDEPLIES

they are sub jected and exploited,ar e obl iged to retaliate ."

COMMUNISMBut Mr. Dun can takes the cake

in his report on th e so-called" rejection of communism" at theconference. He 'said :

"The Egyptian-led body whichfavoured it (com munism) is meet­ing w. th tou gh op position." (RandQaily Mail. 12/12/58 .)

"Only heaven and Mr. Duncanalone can reconclle the advocacyof communism by the anti-corn­munst United Arab Re pub lic,"says the Youth Leag ue statement.

And Anti-CadLoggerheads

, ConventionAI

On the question of the use ofviolenc e as a tactic, Mr. Duncanrepo rted that violenc e was rejecteda nd non -violen ce a long Ghandianlines was adopted (Post , Star) .

Yet the resolut ion adopted onthis point read as follows: '

"Recognising that national in­depend ence can be gained bypeaceful means in territories wheredemo crat ic means are availa ble, it(the conference) guarantees itssupport to all forms of peace fulaction. This support is pledgedequally to those who, in orde r tomee t the vio lent mea ns by which

MORE ON THE ACCRA CONFERENCE

JOHANNESBURG.

Tfs';u~'~'T~r~~~~~at~~:~tc~~~ceaning Mr. Patrick Duncan'sreports back on the Accra All­Af rican People's Conference.

The statement says: "Mr. Dun­can has' written to Mr. GeorgePadrn ore , of Gh ana, statin g thatthe Youth League has made anoffensive att ack on him, and herepudiates the fact that his re­ports painted a picture of a con­ference riddled with divisions andhostility. On the contrary he saysthat he has consistently spo ken onIts grea t importance . - I ----------------~--...:......:...

"Af ter care ful read ing of Mr.Duncan's letter," says the YouthLeague statement, "w e have ab­solutely no cause to withdraw any­th ing we have said."

rRESS , SELECTION

MR. DUNCAN DEFENDSHITHE YOUTH LEAGUE

Mr. Duncan himself concedes inhis letter to Mr . Padrnore that"the press of course does its ownselection. " The significan t thi nghow ever was the fac t that no denial or correction to the ne ws­papers concerned has been madeby Mr. Duncan, says the YouthLeague.

"The allegatons we originallymade against him are borne out bythe facts and we need only referto the press statements he hasmade."

On the question of unity, forinstance, Mr. George Clay of theLondon Observer reported onDecember 14:

"The conference achieved aremarkable degree of unanimityin sp ite of the wide variety ofpo litical views represented."

Yet Mr. Duncan said:"The rock-like firmness of dele­

gates [rom Black Africa aga instthe ideas of delegates from Russia.Egypt and French Africa wasincredible." (Golden City Post14/12/58.)

And in the Rand Daily Mai l(12/12/58). Mr. Duncan said:"There is a definite split on thisissue (i.e., the use of violence) ­with the Arabs and Algerians ODthe side of violence."

dimb~d in (presuma bly tosome form of vehicle. but theletter does not give details) andwent to Umt ata, From therethey were transported to thefarm at Kinross where he isnow working. The letter doesnot 'say whether they travelledby train or 'by van.

Veldm an says he gets £4 amon th in wages , He gives thenames of other boys from theUmtata area who are with himand adds: "Temba is arrestedand in jail and I do not knowwhen he will be out. Sipho hasrun away." .

CAPE TOWN.MEET Mrs . Ed ith Mtekeli,

of 12th Avenue, Winder­mere, Cape T own, mother of13-year-old Vel dma n. a schoo l­boy in standard IV, who isliving with his gran dmother,Mrs. Mtekeli' s moth er , nearUrn tata , in the T ranskei, andatt ending school the re. Or wasun til recently . . .

Some time last NovemberMrs . Mtekeli received a tele­gram from her mother info rm­ing her tha t Veld man had dis­appeared from home. Forweeks she heard nothing more.

The n on Del!emb er 29 Mrs.Mt ekel i received a let ter fromher son which had been for­warded to her by her mother.The lett er informed her thatVeldma n was work ing on afarm at Kin ross, in th e pota tobelt in the Eastern Transvaal,notori ous for th e farmers'har sh treatment 0 f their la­bour ers .• How had he got the re? One

morning, said Veldman in thelet ter, when he was about to goto school, he was asked byother schoolboys to go withthe m to a valley near theschoo l called the Val , wherea teacher wan ted to see them.

They had lied to him. Therewas no teacher there. but hefound a number of other boysat the Val, and they all

Thousands .AtBasutoland

ongressonierence

•••• ANDHUTCHINSON'S"S LO" TO A

ALFREDBROTHERFARME

JOHANNESBURG. where he was. There was only one

EV;~~e Y:h~ i:llUSi~t~S t1:: !~i~w~~:;~rm~~B~~rGt~~~clutches of the police are spirited was not on duty that day.awa y to work on the farms with- Furt her attempts were ma de toou t their relat ives or fr iends know- ascertain the facts from the Direc­mg what has happened to them. tor of Prisons, but he too was

Th is is th e story of one of them , nowhere to be found.Mr .George Hu tchinson, youn ger By this time the Pretoria attor­brot her of treas on trialis t Alf red neys who had been asked to traceHutchinson who is now in Gh ana. Hutchinson were in a fury. They

George Hutchinson was arrested threatened to apply tv theon Decembe r 23 en rou te to Nel- Supreme Court for an order ofsprui t, Ea stern Tran svaal. The habeus corpus which would com­follow ing day he was convicted pel the prison authorities to pro­?y a. Pretoria .maglstra te for be- duce the body of Hutchinson.mg an possession of liquo r and After this thr eat tele phones be-

~~r s~~~kscei~ j~il~ fine of £3 or f~~nJoan~uh~ i~riur~a~~fea;hO~:~On Monday, December 29, he "the far mer. But there was still a

:rfr\~ntg ~dh~~att:ll~~hi:~thi~ ~~~e.- the fanner was not atfa te . Steps were then tak;D to Th e attorn eys gav e a furth er

B{jfseH~tWAS ~(rW~RE TO ~~?n~~~u~u~eb:n~:~~g~f~ac~~~BE FOUND. the Pr etoria jail within th ree

"SOLD" TO FARMER ~ogur~~ ~h~o~~~m~a~~~~ s:.~ °f4The prison authorities stated miles away.

tha t Hutchinson was " sold" as a Before the time limit expi redlaboure r to a farmer by the name Hutchinson was brought back,of Stals, The au tho rities did not his fine paid and he was again 00know who this farmer was or hi, way to Nelspruit,

(Con tinue d on pag e 8)

you get it an d I'll drive." Hewir.ked and said goo d-nat ured­ly. "Swell , meet me at sevendown Twenty-three Street." ·

I was waiting all dressed up.He walked up to me and said."Right on time my friend. It'sjust down this street and aroundthe corner." .

A big black Buick was a t thekerb , a sup er de luxe model. Iran my hand al on g her sh iningbonne t admiring the sleek lines.

" Gosh what a car . Abd ullah' suncle must be very rich. He must~~~:you a lot to tru st you with

He la ughe d, "Well of coursehe does, I can get almost an y­thing from him." He lau ghedagain. His merrimen t jarred alittle so I said, " Well get in."

The en gine purred conte nted­ly as all well-car ed-for cars do.I felt pride in driv'm~ it. Wedrove th rough the city and ar ­rived at the centre before Ar en­ha 's last song.

Can that female sing? Gosh Iwas bursting with love for ,her.D upe wh ispered in my ear . " Ifthere is anyone you want to lZivea lift to, it's O.K., I'll get af riend or two. the car's biz an dthey'll appreciate it." I fel t no­thing but true friendsh ip towa rdsth is guy , the fellow 's hea rt wasopen and kin d. I offered twogu ys who lived near us a lift,th ey accepted. The car wascrowde d. We were eleven in thecar but we didn 't mind , everyonewas in high spir its. Stokki and anew chao in ou r crowd Pari s wasalso there.

We were driving along thehighway t ow a r d s Alexandrawhen I heard the siren behind us.Things happened so fast thateven now I cannot recall all th attranspired. One minute I washappily pressing my knee agains tArenha 's an d smiling at her side­wavs, an d the next the po licesiren was notifying us to pull up.I slowe d UP. when a dull roa rfrom the rear seat jerked me toaction.

"Damn you. you nitwit drive ,drive like hell do you want U5to go to iail? Press the accelera­tor down." The shock made mean easy accomplice. I raced alosing rac e. the pol ice closed inon us, and at last I was fo rcedto draw UD, or we would havecapsized . Needless to say. it wasa stolen car . Dupe and I wer elocked up ou r statements weretake n. I tol d the truth, whichsounded like a far fetched false ­hood. Dupe swore that I offeredhim and a few others a lift with­out telling where J got the ca rfr om. My conviction was a fore­gone conclusio n, Du pe said hewas und er the impression thatbeing so well liked at the garagewhere I worked. I had borrowedIt.

(Left): Another U.S. rocket out of control.

D ulles: "J ust wait till I lau nch my next one!"(Neues Deutschland)

" Oh Di m please try to under­stand we did come back but youwere gone." I wondered if thatwas true . But then I'rememberedsomething else," "And of courseyour friends drove."

"No that man did. After beleft us, Du pe went to look forth at Ind ian on Sixth Street a ndhe drove us to look fo r yo u."

I was believing her, but I saidunce rtainly, "You of coursedidn 't know whe re I lived."

"Oh you are a stubborn da rl­ing, We all know you r brotherdon 't like us. so we tr ied to way­lay you, and this was the firstchance I had to see you ." Shegave my hand a little squeeze ,and put it over her firm breast.I felt myself floating agai n. I gothome very late that night. Wemet every night secretly. Ididn't want to meet the gan gvet , I was happy just to be withher. A few nights later Dup e'sIndian frien d ho oted outside ourhouse. Reluctantly I went out.There in the car were the wholegang hailing me joyously. I wasma ddeningl y happy.

Arenh a had accepted my mo­dest ring and even Job had toown that pe rhaps she was thegir l for me. My foo l's para disewas an enchant ed Eden. She wassinging at a Socia l Concer t onenight and as I was -wo rking lateJ pro mised to fetch her after theConcert. Dupe looked in at thegarage tha t afternoon 0 11 passin g.As he was leaving he aske d ca­sually if I was fetch ing Aren hath at night. I said I was. .

" . . . because If you do I' dappreciate a lift home." Ilaughed. " A lift? Wha t woul d IUse to lift you in chum ?" Hestared at me unb elievingly, hisfat face with his small twinklinghalf pink eyes turned full on me.

"Y ou don' t mean you ar e go­ing to let Ar enha stand in anovercrow ded queu e wait ing foran overcr owded bus are you?"Th e way he said it, ma de mewant to crawl under one of thecars and hide.

I mumbled, "Well .. . we al­ways do tha t."

He grinned, "Gosh you guysmake me sick, I wish I bad agir! like that, a driving licence,and that I could drive . . . Iwould have showed you how totreat a lady."

I pondered this for a while .It would have been nice to fetchher in a swank car. the dress shewas going to wear and the con­cert she was going to sing forwas a class affair, and a carsui ted a girl like her, down toher sho es.

"I could ask Ab dullah for hisuncle's car if you 'll drive ... 1hate to ask you, becau se of whathap pened that night ." .

It was the first time he re­min ded me about that night, Ifelt ashamed, and said quickl y tocover my embarrasment, "O.K.

hands out and felt bef ore me,the dark making it impossi ble tosee her. She caught my hand andI pulled her tow ards me. Shecame with a rus h, I stagge redagainst the large drum holdingher tightly against me, our lipsmet as long lost friends. Mymouth deman ding and her lipswilling. I was on a flying carpetsoaring above the slum s ofAlexandra, and Arenh a was inmy arms. I was content until Iremembered , I he ld her awa yfrom me peering at her face.

" Arenha what is this?" I shookher slightly ,

"Oh Dim I longed so for you.Believe me. I wanted to come

The Story byRICHARD PDALAwhich won 2ndPrize in the New

ge Competition

sooner but thought it better towait ."

" Why? a nd where are yourfriends ?"

" Do n't sound so bitter Dimdarling, I'll tell you all if . . ."She hesitated .

"Well go on ... if what'} Doyo ur friends know you are herewith me?" She moved in myarms, but no t ou t of them.

"Lo ok darl ing let's sit down,and I'll tell you."

We mov ed towar ds the oldstone steps of th e shanty and satdown. Arenha sat just within thecurve of my arm. Tilting herhead back. she kissed my chin .I turned my head and caught herlips a glancing kiss.

" Well . .. what ...T""D id you think D upe hit you

th at night ?"Well I'm damned." I moved

my arm from around her, but shecaught it and put it backaro und her .

"All right I kn ow you thinkth at, but you are wrong it wasthat man he didn't know whoyou were ." I laughed.

"And I suppose Dupe didn'tknow me either that's why hekicked my breakfast out." Imoved irr itated ly.

"No, no ... but vou came athim , he had to defen d himself.He was sorry bu t tha t beastmade us go saying he didn't wanta brawl,"

"So -my friends left me theraway fr om bus and hom e."

NEW AGE, THURSpAY, JANUARY 8, 1959

.. • • • and it is not yet known iftbe latest U.S. sa tellite achieved

its orbit."

SPUTNIK SPAR KS

Schw eik In tbe U.s.A.: "Beg to reportSir, I've raised this pup for your

satellitc."-(Rude Pra vo, Prague)

El "Why Dirnakatso Gabashane,you ape - here I am makingcy cs at yo u .. . and .. . yo u . . ."

I could have kick ed myself , Ihad waited fo r this o pportunityand when I got it, I pan icked. I

.nut my hand out to her hu t she

~~e :ai~~:~~. Th:~b~~u~~l~ds~~ :~~¥, an d ask, "W ill you marry ~h~ ~lh~~:dc~~ed~~~~. a~~et~~make en ds meet and th ey conse - My dream was shattered by a out and asked, " Is it O.K.?"quently looked as. if the 'spir its' shout from Stokki. Sto kk ie answere d "Ja . youhad let them down badly . " Hey . . Hey Dim .• D im bring Dim wit." Th ey lau ghed

My brother was more success- come here." He stoo d in front an d I felt as if some one hadful. He had a job in a garage. of the Chinaman's store , h is back pu shed me on to a revo lvingHe was very mu ch in love with to the window. He ha d an un- chair. I couldn't get my bearings.a school-tea cher and planned to Ilghted cigarette betwe en his lips , When wiII I be one of them ? We .marr y her and send for Mother an odd hab it he had. go t into ano ther car , a very late

jg; ~th h~~~ri~'o~et;i~ {f'~ : " D upe wants to know if you ~d~~tl.w~e;~ld~ifud 't~ea~~h~r ~:i.fly takes to jam, I was sure it w~~:rive usuu

pto th\city?~ Ar enha sa id som ething li.ke .

was my vocati on. I loved every- he?" " . s re • . • were J 'd amn fool.' I asked "What?" r-

~~~~go:~h~tiot~eing:h:g.rio~:g~~ he" ~idwent to scout for a car ." ~~r;g sro°olte:u;~~~~s ' . '. '. ~~~~

~~:~e~m"o°~~~~gth~et~~gi~~na~~ ye~'S:~::rs~~da t~~~'~i~g~~u~~:~ gOr rasn't quite so dum b, Imy boss had great trust in me. of the time I pretend ed I knew kn ew some thing was fishy, so ITh e yea rs went by. I had 'a ~ood what they were talking about. said determ indl y, " Sorry Dupe butfuture in front of me; that is "Ja he 'll be back ... oh by I am not sticking my neck intountil I met Arenha. the way your girl friend wants anyt hing I don't know about ."

What a girl, she ran ar oun d to go along ... ob ject?" Mv.heart Stokkie said lazily, "O h hell ,with a happy -go-lucky crowd flew to my throat and detoured look Dim , you dr ive and that'swho wou ldn' t have not iced me if to its proper place agai n. all. we broug ht this man's . . ."she had n't taken up with me. My _ " Object ? .. why chum that's nodd ing his head towards themother had aince died, all the the best news ever." He gave me dark house . "car, and we gowhile waiting for my brother to a pitying loo k which I was too back in this tin."send for her . Ishalt a had asked if silly to un derstan d. I a lways I wasn' t going to let them getI woul d like to fetch the children drove th em to town. Du pe had a away with anyth ing phoney andand see about the funeral. I hur - lot of frien ds a nd their cars taking me for a stooge, as muchriedly replied: " No, no I don 't Were always at his d isposal. One as I wan ted to be one of th em. , -lwant to go to the farm . .. you night I almost doubt ed my good So I said cont emptuously; "I amgo Sis." She look ed inten tly at fr iends but it pr oved I was sorrv ch aps •.. but I don 't go.me . "Mter all you are the eld- wrong. We ha d been to a movie Come Arenh a, we' ll catc h a .b~s."est . . .," I said to soothe my and on the way back Stokki had . Th ose were the last in telligib leconsci ence . said : "He y guys th ere's a car words I used.

My br other Job didn't like my let's have some fun .. how I saw Dup e lift his arm andfri ends. He said to me one night! about a drive ?" They all laug hed something descend ed on my neck"D imakatso why do yo u keep so I laughed too, they were so that s~nt me staggering. I shookth is company? They are no t of iolly We piled in, Dupe, Stokki, the famtness. from me, and cameour crowd ." " Our crowd?," I Edna, Moore, Arenha, Pitso , UD fists flYing, hut. Du pe w~scried. " Old busybodies you an d 1. We dro ve aro und for some read y for me , he kicked me Inmea n. You are only stuck up. time and left th e car a few th e sto mach , J lay where I fellMy frien ds are lively an d full of streets from whe re we found it. and became sick. Afte r a while Ijokes." He was leaning against It worried me so I aske d if the looke d around. Finding I wasthe table his r ight hand on the owner stay ed somewhere about alone I crawled out of the yardpage of the book he was read- there. Pitso shou ted " Wha t? Oh and Waited to get back someing. bless his little heart .. . listen to wind. Every bone in my body

"Too full of jokes if 'You ask h im guys." They laughed up- ached but I knew it was the kickme." he said. . roariously and slapped me on the in my stomach. .

" No one asked ' you. Sto p back. While feeling foolish at I stayed home that week.pre achi ng." I slammed the door their laughter I liked the com- Rapiena eyed me dub iously butbehind me. I was disgusted with radely slap so I joined in their lucky for him he held his ownhis fault-finding. The best thin g merriment. counsel. The following SundayI could do was to get married Now Stokki was saying in his evening I was standin g 00 theand get away from my family, lazy drawl! "You must teach corner of our street wonderingI'll ask Arenha to marry me. I'll me to drive pal. It's foolish to whe re to 1/:0, when a voice saidask her tonight. How a girl like have only one driver in a crowd softl y, " Hey Dim, hey .. . he reher fell for me I didn 't know like ours." I agreed . I felt good . , . next to the drum." T he startbut why query a gift from th e I was one of them. Or was I? We I gave was not hing to the bea tgods? went on our drive, tha t is Du pe of my hear t but I stayed put.

I walked down the pot -holed directed me to a place on the "Well," next to the drum,street rehearsing my proposal. outskirts of the city . A dim " .. . what do you want?"I'll say, "Arenha .. . Ar enha ligh ted street that ra n into a "Ssh talk softly ... pleasedarling, I love you .. look at large yard. Du pe and Stokk i got come here." My heart movedme dear ." She'll hang her head out and walke d towards the and went towards the big drumshyly but I'll be pe rsistent. h ouse whistling. Arenha sidled that stood against a shanty. but"Look at me dear • . , I ... I UP to me an d said in her husky my legs refuse d to move. I saidlove you don 't you love me a voice: "Why so qui et D im?" again, "What do 'You want?" Herlittle too?" She will throw her The way she whispered my answer sent me running to-arms around my neck and whis- name was musie to my ears wards the sound of her voice, Iper against my broad chest, All of a sudden I felt tongu e- bumped into the drum . skinning"Yes . . . Yes Dim darling. I tied. "Arenha . . I'm ... where my shins, she was crying as iflove vou too ." I'd kiss her ten - are the othe rs?" her heart could break . I put my

A.S I straightened up 'I felta burning sensation in

the small of my back. Thehoe slipped from my hands,I gave a start and picked itup. My sense refused to be­lieve what I saw. And mymind did not want to registerthe words I heard or thoughtI heard, a voice from thegrave. That day long ago mymother had said to me:

"Dimakatso my son, do notuse that word 'never' so frequent­ly you tempt the spirit s in usingit."

" But I mean it mother. whenI leave here I'll never , nevercome back again.'

" Oh my chi ld that wor d has aboomerang effect on us morta ls."

She sighed and wiped my littlesister's nose with the corner ofher apron. My father had d iedwhen I was ten years old, myeldes t sister Ish alta, and my bro­ther Job, who had gone to live inAlex andra in Joh annesburg, thenI , next my brother Rapiena andthen Mart a the baby - moth er 'sonly interest in life wa s us kids.When my father died somethingdied in her too. T hey ha d beenboy and girl lovers in far awayBasutoland. My father had paidgood fat catt le for my mo therand never regretted it. After h isdeath mo ther had lost the cattl ewe had, an d had come to Vaa l­plaats with us. We staye d andworked.

Our master was stern but kind .J hated mules and work ing in thefields but I had to do it. Itseemed that even the sun wasagainst me, it burned on thesame spot on my neck . I wouldsob and mumble, 'One day I'llleave here and never come back.'Ishalta married a man from thenext farm , and they left for Jo­hannesb urg. My heart was heavywith envy, but I promised my­self 'one day SOOfl.' When tha tday came I just walked awa yfrom the farm, witho ut saying"by your permi ssion' to anyone.By hitching and hiking I arrivedin this awe-inspiring city with itstall buildings and thous ands ofpeople: I almost lost my nerveand returned to the farm bu t forthe thou ght of the mules and thefields. Surely in this vast placethere was a job of work for me?I located both my sister andbrother The former looked oldand very let down to me. Shehad gone fat and her many chil­dren kept her on her feet con­stantly . Her husb and worked on

u

NEW AGE, THURSDAY, JA_N_U_AR_Y_8,_1_9_59 . ~ __..::.._ , _=_~------------------=-

EOOLS

AIM OF EDUCATI ON

tion of Britain , France, West Ger ­many and Italy (the to tal popu la­tion of which is roughly the sa meas that of the U.S.S.R.)

But with every great advancethe Soviet Uni on al wa ys looks fo rnew ways of improvement .

"N OT SUFFICIENTLY

PREPARED"

WORLD STAGEBy ,

Spectator

of everyone; on the other, work ,previously some thing looked downupon by the edu cated few, hasbecome a m att er of honour andcivic du ty for everyone.

The strid es forward in the edu­cation al field since the re volut ionhave been breathtaking, Whereasbefore the socialis t revol utionthere were millions of peop le inoppres sed backward nati onali tiestoday ther e are no lon ger back­war d peeples , Everyone has theopportunity of 20in g to scho ol ona completely equ al basis, and ofbeing taught in his own language.

There is no more illiteracy andthe university pop ulati on of theSoviet Union is four times that ofthe com bined uni versity popula-

ET

IIUSTN 'T REST

)ISAPPEARING

A fa ult in the present system,the thesis says " is that instructi onis to some extent divorced fro mlife and that when they ' leaveschool, young people are not suf­ficiently prepared for practical

"Bu t .oviet people mus t not work."rest on heir oars. Life itself is Th is lis a car eful and balancedsetti ng tie scho ol new tasks . formu lation. It shows that the dis-

" Our .ysterns of general and cussion of the whole issue hashigher e.ucat ion are lagging be- gone through many stages . A th 'nd the demands made by the first, as is often the case whenbuilding If commun ism and suffer there is a desire to improve some­frum seious sho rtcomings. Th e thing, the re is a tendency to ex­most seious of these is that aggerate its fa ults . T hus the pro­instr uctim is to some extent gressive Ame rican journ alistdivorced from life . This short- Elmer Bendiner (New Age, Dec.coming it the educational system 4, 1958) describe d the orig ina lis all thr more intol erable at the trend of discussion as being thatpr esent · tage in the building of educ ation was so much centre d oncornmunim." prep aring children for university

One 0 the mai n fa ults in non- that those who failed to get intosoc ialist society is the great gulf the un iversities "were unfit forbet ween nanual and mental work. wor k in the factories or the

"The livorce of mental labo ur fa rms ."fro m maiu al labour and the con - Even Kru schov in his discuss ionversion i. mental endeavour into mem orandum declared roun dly ofa monojnly of the rulin g classes' these pupil s: " Owing to the facthave dore tremendous harm to that the school curriculum is di­the Inteleetual developm ent of vorced from life , these boys andmankind For cent uri es culture girls have a bsolutely no know ­was fo ridden fruit for the mil- ledge of pro duction."lions of irdinary people. For cen- It is clear from the final word­turi es thr old society organised the inz that the Cen tra l Commi tteeschool sstem in such a way that thought that such judgments wereit was, Ir fact , out of reach of the over-harsh.masses If working people andserved tie interests of the ex­ploiters,' the thesis declares, On the aim of socialist educa­

tion , the thesis took over theringing words of Kruschov's me-

In the Soviet Union this dis- morandum:tinct ion s gradually disappearing. "The most important thing hereOn the ere hand the achievements is to issue a slogan, and makeof work culture previously con- this slogan sacred for all childrenfined to a han dful of educate d entering scho ol , nam ely, th at allpeop le h ve become the possession childr~ must prep are for useful

soThough Soviet Edl£ation Has Produced the'Creators of a New PLanet,

·the Communists Sc.y

NEW AG E, T H U RSDAY, JANUARY 8. 1959

T ENEW GHANA FACESANY ROBLEMS .

The new Ghana faces manyproblems as a young Sta te: str oneremnants of tri ba lism, corruptionamong certa in Ministers and offi­cia ls, a backward economy mainl ybase d on a scatte red rural pea­santry, and in oth er direct ions inthe grip of the overseas monopol­ists.

But its inde pendence and posi­tion as a new State and memberof the U nited Nations have pre­seated a challenge to all Africa.

WHAT S GOOD ANDWHAT IS BAD?

I N e~~?c~~.:t f:t:e~;5~f~~~j~:~!:~b~:5tit:~~r~ ~List No. 26 Pub lished Subsequent to the Revised List P ublishedby Government Notice No . 1510 of the 31st Ju ly, 1956."

List No. 26 consists of the titl es of 179 boo ks whose Impo r­tati on int o the Uni on is banned on th e grounds that the Ministerof tbe In terior, Jo zua Fm ncois Naude, finds tbem " inde cent.objectionable or obscene," I

Item No . 168 on Lis t No . 26 read s as foll ows: "Wbat is'G ODd an d What is Bad • • • V. May ak ovsky ."

Vladimir Mayako vsky is tbe famo us Russi an poet who diedin 1930. " Wbat is Go od and What is Bad" is the na me of apoem for ch ildren written by M ayakovsky in 1925. Here 1.1 thePO~D1 in its entirety, as tran slated by Paddy Breslin:

Ti ny todd ler t ld llis Dad :"I am puzzled so!What is good and what is bad?Answer if you know!"Secrets I will always shun ­Nothing could be wor se!All that Papa to ld his sonI have put in verse.

If the wind tears down the roofs ,If the heav ens spout,Th at is bad -=-why, even goof.Will not ventu re out.Sun has conquered rain and cold,Sun shines over all -

I,~~td ifo;ob~ ~:l~:~ft. an d old,

If the boy is black as pitch,If his face has dirt on,Then his skin is bound to itch ­And that is bad for certain.If the boy likes soap and water,Toothpaste, brush and comb,Then he's very good and ought toBe a pet at horne.

Some boys bully, bite and hitBoys but half the ir size.Boys like this I can 't permitVerse to advertise.Other boys will never strikeSmall er boys. That's good!Boys like this we'r e bou nd to like ­

. That is understood.

If the boy destroys and tearsPicture books and toys ,

Each October child declares:"What a bad . bad boyl"If h is eyes to books are glued,If he's never shirking,Th en the boy is very good,For 'he's fon d of wor king.

Th is boy met a crow and scamperedIn a dreadful funk.Coward! He is sorely hamperedThrough hIS lack of spunk.Othe rs would not be afraid toTackle birds of prey .Good ! Such spunk's a mighty aid toBoys on life 's long way.

Some boys' shirts are black as ovens,Yet the boys seem glad.People call them dirty slovens .Do n't you think they're bad? ,This boy's shoes are always shinyJust as shoes should be.Th ou gh the boy is very tiny,He is good, you see.

All must grow fro m small to bi2 ­No th ing ou ght to bal k us.Boys are bound to grow up piglIf the boys are porkers.Tiny toddler understood.Tiny told his Dad:"I will always do what's goo d.Never what is bad ."

In tenus of section 128 re ad with sectton 126 of th e CustomsAct, "any person who knowinil ly has in b~ possession or dea lswith" tbis poem sball be "guilty of an ollence llnd liable oncon viction to II fine of £1,000 or to imprisonment for a periodnot exceeding five year s, or to both such fine an d imprisonment."

employed In any 20vemment De­partment In terms of a 1954 de­cree; and censorshi p Is impos edon left-winK and communis t publi­cations.

T he Ghanese Trade U nionmovement is in the pro cess ofreorganisation . Ini tially it was or­ganised on British craft lines, butthis is being abandoned as a"conservative and capital-inspiredsystem bu reaucra tica lly impose dfrom th top:'

Dr. K wame Nkrumab.

The first pol itical orga nisationthat attempte d to gain indepen­dence for the cou ntry was theUni ted Go ld Coast Conventionled by Dr. Danqu ah, Th e UGCChad a fat al weakness: set upongaining independence, it was never­theless scared of the very forcethat could ach ieve it - thepeople.

The resul t was that more radi­cal middle-class elements in theuacc led by the Ame rican edu­cat ed Dr. Kw am e Nkrumah , esta­blished the Co nvent ion Peo ple'sPar ty and took con trol of the na­tional movement. The ir main slo­gan was "Self-Government Now,"and their method "Positive action,"

This won support among wide

sections of the peop le, and thegains of the CPP were consoli­dat ed into the "positive actionstruggle" which led to the im­pr isonment of Nkrumah andothe r CPP leaders in 1949-50.

The struggle led to tbe Britisbimperialists bein2 forced to aban­don direct con trol of the country,and granting politict11 indepe n­dence to the people . At the sametime tbe b~ Bri tish an d Uni tedStat es mono poly groups main­tained their economi c Rrip on tb eceuntry,

OPPOSITION

The CPP became th e ruli ngparty of the new G hana. Its ma inopposition, crea ted out of a num­ber of rival tribal parties, is theUnited Party formed in October,1957. The declared aim of theUnited Party is "to build on thefoun dation or the ir tradi tions an dculture a true parli am entary de­mocracy . .. to uphold an d main ­ta in the institutions of chieftaincyand the rights of the people; toinitiate or co-operate in schemesfor the rapid development ofAfrica; and to seek b v negotia-

~i~ i~~e~~~~'::ten~f~~~~ee~ati~b~: IJ--- -------------- - ---Jthe settlement of pro blems createdby the imposition of imperialistfrontiers."

T he influences within the UnitedParty are many; rich city mer­cha nts and bo urgeoi sie; variou striba l and you th fa ction s.

Nkrumab bas taken varioussteps to prevent the ~owtb in anyform of a Com munist IP'OUP inthe country. In 1953 he suspendedtwo ' mlltant trade un ion strikeleaders; Communkt. -ma y Dot b.

geew

VOLTA RIvER PROJECT

ess

Th e wages of the more th an10,000 workers in pr ivate indust ryare stated in official statistics tobe about £14 per month. TheNkrumah government is esta blish­ing new health and socia l ser viceschemes an d may apply much ofthe new aid being received by theG overnment to building a giantho using pro ject in the capitalAccra. .

workers live below subsistencelevel and they realise that the ycannot stave off the workers' de­mand s for living wages. Now isthe time to fo rce them to changeresolut ions into action. This canonly be done by organisation: byforming strong Trade Unions,whatever the har dshi ps and what ­ever the setbacks.

S.A.C.T.U,'s message for 1959 ison e of action: Its call is: "Wor­leers, organise yourselves nowwherever you are, fight for a legalminimum wage of £1 a Day. in­creases for those earning more,equality of job s and an end toNationalist rule . Meet Verwoe rd 'scha llenge by uniting in a powerfulT rade Union or~anisation:"

lU'S

r

AFRICA ON THE M,ARCH-4

"I stand for no racialism, no flour mainly from the United although chiefs were chosen fromdiscrimination against any racs or States and ' Canada. ' families with "ritual status," theyin,dividual, but I am ull.'lltern ly could only be "enstooled" by theopposed to imp erialism in my Ghana 's work ing-class is still people , who also had the rightform." sma ll and undeveloped. But with to " destool" (remove) them at any

-KWAME NKRUMdI. new schemes fo r industrialisation, time should they fail to carry outit is gr owin g steadily in numbers their duties.and or gani sation. On the gold­mines there are about 25.000Afr ican workers, and about 4,000on the d iamond mines . Go ld,diamond, manganese and bauxiteprodu ct ion is controlled by mono­poly groups such' as the Bri tishAluminum Company Ltd. andAfrican Man ganese Co. Ltd .

An Industrial Development Cor­porat ion with a capital of £1million is speeding up Ghana'sindustrialisation Overseas mon o­poly finance gro ups enjoy wideconcess ions as well , and th eNkr uma h Government encour agesinvestment by them, granting gene­rous relief to so-called '''pioneercomp anies" including "tax holi ­day s" on profits. Industries rem ainsmall. though, and are coneen­trated on consumer goods likefurniture, soa p (cont ro lled by thegigantic Unilever world monopo­ly). shoes, bricks and tiles and soon.

GHANA, one of the newest ofthe Afr ican ind e pene nt

states, takes its name frorr ame diae va l African K ingdo m. retthe modern polit ical unit vascreated as recently as 1957. Ghnais divided into thr ee mai n regims,the Gold Coa st Prov ince , Ashaiti­land and the spars ely populaedNorthern ter rito ry.

Britain colon ised the costalregions in the fifties of the 9thCe ntury. In 1901. after a seen­year war, the Ash anti people , to­gether with 'the peop le of theNorthern Territo-v, were br oightunder Brit ish imperialistic r ul,

On March 6, 1957, these tr ri­torie s together with that pan ofT ozol and which fell under UotedK ingdom Trusteeship (granted bythe U nited Nations), gained pli­tical independence under the nmeof Ghana.

The population of this ide­pen dent state is 5,127,000 of wlomon ly about 6,000 are Whit es. "hecap tal Accra has 135,926 inh bi­ta nts . Th e British Aluminium Com-

COC OA CR OP ' panv jand the Ca nadian combine,Th e people are mainly Afrran , Alu~m1Um Lt~.• are beh ind a gt­

pea sant farmers. pr oducing cco a gl\nhc sche.me, called the. Voltafor expor t. T his crop accounts for Rlye~ Project, which alms attwo-t hirds of Gh ana's incane Ibuilding a dam acros~ the Voltafrom export s. It is grown by jea- n ver and a powe~ station to sup­sants on plantations which selom ply hydro electric power to beexceed six acrer ur-ex..rem: -,tJiY.\)oo used mainly to ....man~facture alu ­peo ple, togetherwith an additiona l mml1~m from Ghana s enormo.usseasonal laboui forc e of 250,000 bau xite r.eserves. These companiesare engaged in cocoa production. ~illec~::II;;~dmmi~n.the scheme

Thls means nat taking into ac­count the famiies of these pea ­sa nts and la brurers, nearly Iimillion men, wanen an d chil dren,or about 40 % )f the pop ulation,ar e dependent on cocoa produc ­tion fo r the ir li'eliboo d.

The ma rketng of coco a ismonop olised IV a Ma rke tingBoard. an d mst of the ex ports(amounting to E5t million a year )S~:t~:.nt to Brit in and the U nited POLITICAL DEVEWPMENT

Th e tribal trad itions of the peo-LOWES' LEVELS pie of th is new Sta te, particula rly

In the N or tJern Territory the those of the largest national group,peasant s subsis on the lowest the Ashanti, have brought for ­levels, and haw little if any sur - ward many democratic institutionspl us for cash ale, Ghana is still and forms of popular government.fo rced to imp<ft meat , fish and For exam ple by Ashanti custom.

JOIANNESBURG.The South Arican Cong ress of

Trade Unions i. a New Year mes­sage extends ts solida rity andwa rm greeting: to a ll workers.The Co ngress jays tribute to thethousands of sorkers who sacri­ficed their securty and jobs duringthe struggles of the past year , thebus boycott of 957 and the strikesof 1958.

"These exarroles ha ve insp ired11 people who are driven to live

below the breadine to carryon thefight for higher wages, a 4O-hourweek. trade unon r ights and fulldemocracy."

Employers annot ignore thetK:onom ic realites of South Afri­ean Iife. , Th e: know tha t the

More Atom Deaths

BRITAI N' S FOLLYMeanwhil e it is Brit ain which

has siffered most fro m her mis­judgnent of th e si tua tion . TheArnercans, in the closing mon thsof tre Batista regime. began toado pt a policy of cau tio n. fo rcingBatisn to seek some of his armselsewiere. Britain - which her­self hIS 30 milli on doll ars inve sted;n Ciba - jum ped in on ly thr eernontls ago , sellin g Bat ista 17aeropanes and provoking Ca strointo leclar ing tha t he con sideredBritan "an enemy country" andwouk expel Brt ish citizen s andexprcoriate Br itish prooerty.

Jusifyin2 Ilr j,j <l'l 11'o1 jry to the»ress an unofficial British spokes­man ol d the Observer on October17th If last year: "Batista enjo ys·...e smnort of the army and thetrade unions."

N O POLITICAL P lO G RAMMECastro's m overneit however . \

has not ado pted .nv clear -cutpolitical programme of its own.Castro and all the othe r leadersare wealt hy or midde-class men,a nd for a lon g tim: the und er­grou nd trade unim movem entwas hesitant to conmit itself tohis banner.

In Au eu st, 1957. however, theillegal Commualst Party an-nounced its belief nat no singl epolitica l orea n isation in the coun ­try was abl e a lone to overthrowBatista. This could be achievedonly by the united action of allant i-Batis ta fo rces, iVh a tever dif­fer ences there mi~h be betweenthem. On this basis t thre w in itssupport for Castro mai ntainingits position in sp ite If prom nt re­jection of Co mmmist a id byCastro.

P RIME Minister Nehru of ISocialism, in an address at theIndia condemned capital- Delhi university recen tly .

ism and expla ined why India Ca pitalism, he sa~d, ."n.ot

intended following th e path of fr~li~,br;~~~tli~~y ~~~~~i~e~~ ti~

~". . . - r:» : ' :' .~-:~~, .~,-rr: ~oaj~J ~~nfl:h~' ~~:i:ls~r~~ °gi, , . rnodern man for soci al justice.

f " , ~ . ,. , ci~i~~m~ew:rha~oe 't"~r;e~~~~~;., ( , " that there cannot be any so-

;,. " cialism if! a backward and

. . • ;" "," ~~';·~ ~~t~~e:~~~dom:~~j~~· w~~~. ch ildren of an industrial c ivili­

, ,,~: " sation which led to greater

~ , '; mst:~~:~is::s~~~~:;~re is basedon the growth of material rs­sources a s well as social ius­tice and the co-operativemethod of working."

Mr. Nehru said that in In diatoday the methods of produc­tion were broadly spe aking oldfashioned and backward andthat this led not only to econo­mic bac kwardness but alsowas a drag on the country'ssoc ial and intellectual life.

I , .. -.I' ,

\. '

people, Cuba is very rich in natu­ral re sourc es. It is fourth in th eworld in iron ore deposits andhas valuabl e man ganes e, chro­mium , nicke l, copper, bau xite andother strategic materials.

But Its greatest wealth is itssugar of wh ich it is the world'sleadi ng exporter. Sugar accountsfor 90% of the nationa l income.

A merican mon opolies con trolthe ent ire wealth of Cuba. Al­though both the country and the

New Government PromisesDemocratic Freedoms

CUBAN ·PEOP E OVERTH WFASCIST DIC ATO SH P

A sm all island countrv with apopulati on of only six millian

THE people of Cuba haveoverthrown one of the

modem world's vilest dictator­ships - the govemment ofFulgencio Batista, which wasplaced in power and supportedto the bitter end by the UnitedStates.

ECONOMIC UNIONBut the u nion is no t confined

to tariffs. It also has other far­reach ing imp lica tion s. Th e coun­tries in it have agreed to harrn o-

~~~s t~~irth~o:I;~ati~n s~fh lab~~; Iand of cap ital, on social welfareschemes. on overtime pay . equ a lpay for women, transport charges ,etc.

Britain was told: Abandon therestrictions against us in theCommonwealth or else we willim pc se restrictions on you inEurope.

But as Britain's whole economicstr en gth rests on her exploitationof the empire, this was really nochoice at all. _ .

The new econ omic challenge toBritain comes a t a part icularly The number of deaths in Japancrit ical ti me. For in spite of ta lk resultng directly from atomic ra -of an end to tlle slump, unemp loy- diatioi result ing from the U.S.ment i.J growin2. There are now ato m-com bing thi rteen yea rs ago536,000 unemploved, is cortin uing to increase.

A recent G allup poll by the In Hir oshima alone 35 peop leNe ws Chronicle revealed that thi s died Tom atomic diseases du ringis caus ing increasing anxiety. 17% 1958 an d scientists pr edict thatof voters now consider un employ- , ~~ ~_~~~~~_~~ • I mor will die th is year.

VCT

Fidel C~tro.

AMERICANSOCIALISTS

SEEK UNITY

Challenge Comes To Britain at Critical Time

___________________N_~W_A_I!_,_T_HURSDAY, J~.::.:N:.._..U:.:AR:.=.:.Y::......::.I:....,.:.:.19..:..;5':....- _

supp or ted it in the fac e of thebloodthirsty reprisal.

Equally unh esitain gly, theUnited States goveriment backedBatista in his attemp to cru sh th erevolution . In the SIring of 1957the United Staje s News andWor ld Report discksed th at "j etplanes given to the Iati sta govern­men t by the U.S . lave dropped

population are so small, Cuba I na palm bom bs and strafed Cas­holds third pla ce in South Am eri- tro's forces."ca for the amount of American In Ju ly of tha year U.S.ca pital invested in it - no lets I ma rines act ually lamed in Cu bathan 800 million dollars. I under th e pret ence of protecting

Mos t of th is capital has been in- the U.s. naval bas e here, but thevested since Batista was placed in outcry a~ainst this let of a~~res­power in 1952. Since 1957 Batista sion was so J.!rea thro ugho uthas exempted the Amer icans from South America that the marlnespaying any tax es on exported were withdrawn.pro fits .

FASCIST TERRORAs a result of the cynic al Am e­

~~~--~~~~~~~~----~----~~~-~----- rian ~~d~ ~ilie w~~fuepeople are amon g the poorest inSouth America, and to re tainpower Bat ista resorted to nakedfasc ist terrorism. The cou ntry wastu rned into a huge concen trationcamp .

Spo ntaneous up risings againstthe govern ment have taken placefrequently in the past years, bu tthey have been unco-ordinatedand d isunited and hav e beenspeedily and bloodil y crushed.

One such brief uprising tookplace on July 26th, 1953. Amonaits leaders was Fidel Castro. whowas one of the few survivors andmanaged to escape to M exico .The re he orga ni red a 2roup ofCuban youths in exile and o nDecember 2, 1956, 81 of themlanded on the island and formedthe nucleus of the guerilla armywbich has now overthrownBatista.

American socialists of all typesof outlook. from the CommunistParty to th e right-wing Social­Democrats met at a national con­ference in Cleveland last month todiscuss the possibilities for com­mon act ion in the pre sidential elec­tions next year.

GERMANY'S monopoly ca-Ivied the advanta ges which her Iment to be the country's mc;stpitalists who hav~ long empire h~ given t~ Britain, ~~~en~nfroil~~ksc~m~ared With

chafed under the dommatio have achieved an lDlportant y g

of the United States, and en- success in their latest bid to Thr:-~~r%9':~~sti~:t~ the im~clia~~ea~s:~~~at~:s~~e ag~ ~~__~~ I reach the top. latest industrial stati sti cs. -nn.r 26th" mea n progressives. They hav e

.Th e last attempt failed when Brit ain' s st eel production drop- _ Ca lling th emselves th e Ju ly 26th brougit the new presid ent, ManuelHitler went down to defeat. ped again in No vem ber, bein ~ movement, th is small guerilla Urruta, from his exile in the

From the beginnlng of this year, 16 % less tban the sam e m onth group was ab le to elude the raids Unitei States , where his svrn­West G ermany, France, Ita ly, last year, (351.000 ton s weekly, of Batista's army because the oath is for American big business

~~~~~~d'ha~:lg~~?:ed a~~ f~~e~ cO~P~~~d fit~t 4~9~~t~~n2f 1958, people of ,the area unhesitatingly :;~Ijg'dw~1~-k~~~~~m~~~tfs~ ~:~European Com mo n Marke t. qritain ha d produced 14.8 millions his fiendsh ip fo r th e U .S. and

Th e effect of the ma rke t will be tons of stee l, wh ich was 8.6 % less has eclared. "Our relations withthe gradual lifting of tariffs on than ~he . same period of 1957. . the 1.S . will be res oec tful."imports fro m the member co un- Shr inking orders from .the capt- BU I the revolutio~ has unleasedtries ,,0 that there will be a free ta l goods producers m industries new nrccs. Castro has committedflow' of goods, such as construction, sh ip-b uilding, him't1f to..a number of premises

This . means, for example, that ~~~~arher~l~~~~ns~~~k th:dfalti~ j;s~r.~~on;oli~iC~~e :ri:~rie:~,e ::;where ~n the past German goods steel pr oduction. These industries boldul! of election s - and it isIII Par!s. have cost much more reduced their stocks sha rply during not ~in2 to be easy to 20 back

~~~e ~1~~~ri:;~~t~utr~O~h~t ~~ ~~~n~~i~ ie~~~~i~nQ~o~~~~o ~~ritg:. (In tlese promises.Germans had to pay. In fut~re, A substantial cut in coal pro- T h- revo lu tion in C uba cannotWith t.he ea.smg of these duties, ductio n is expec ted to lead to a but had to big new advances. notthe prices WIll be much the same . furt her decline in the demand for least of these being the weaken-

Such a meet ing has not taken It als o means th at Bri tain and stee l in the comin ll months. ing o' the remaining dictatorshipsplace in the United States - and the U.S., which are not part of the I i=.::...:.::.....:.:~;~.=:..~:::..:::::~-~~-~---~~___; I in SOJth America.po ssibly anywhere else in the Common Market, will no t find it

western world - for the past b:~~~ s::"t~~~o~s::ril:rC:~i INDIA WILL BE SOCIALISTforty years. remain and prices will therefore

Th e main organisations repre - have to be I112h. -Nehrusen ted were the Communist Part y,the Socialist Wo rkers' Par ty. th eSocial Democratic Federation andthe Independent Socialist League.

Th e Communists out fo rwardthe viewpoint that all socialistsshould un ite to consolidate thisyear 's limited victory over theRepublicans by sup porting pro­gres sive Democrats and using allpossible influence within the De­mocr at ic Party. They maintainedthat to adopt ind ependent actionat this stag e would me an isolationand ineffectiveness in the heighten­ed pol itical tempo of election year.

The SWP however declared thatit could not support candidates ofcapita list parties and called forsociali st opposition candidatesever ywhere they could be mus­tered, irrespective of the votesthey might obtain.

Th e two nositions were found tobe irreconcilable. bu t all delegatesagreed that further con fer encesshould be held in futu re to at ­temp t to achiev e united action.

TOI(Continued fro~ pa ,e 1) .

friends . He asked me vheth er Ihad a permit. I said nc and hesa id he was having me arrested

• for t respassing ."

The police arrived atcrwards,said Mr. Toivo, and to oc him tothe charge office where he wastold to wait while they took thestatement of the mlnewoker whohad called him to the offee. Afterthat they went with him to fetchhis bags at the station and un ­packed and searched then.

IN C USTODY

in the compound, I was fined £2or 20 days.

"A lth ough I had some moneyand wanted to pay the fine, theyrefused to take the money,"

A con sta ble , G . J . Bakker , or ­dered tbe keeper to issu e him wi thp riso ner's un iform, Mr. Toivocla ims , an d the fo llo wing Mondaymorning he wa s call ed to theoffic e where he was as ked wh etherhe wanted to pay h is fine . Mr .To ivo explained that he hadwanted to pay when he wassentenced.

"I sa id I wanted to see the ma­gist ra te and was told th at I couldsee him when I had pa id . J paid£I 14s. Od.

REPAT RI ATI ON ORDER

KNOWS NOTInNG

" I am now facing a charge ofwhich I know nothing." l\1r. Toi-

vo~:.e~civ~n~~s asked New A ge West Indies-CoLourto cont act th e A fri ca Bureau in -

~onc~~':;e~ti~nfr~i~~s ~l~ ~~~itYoc::.k DiscriminationIn Wi ndhoek . wh e re he arrived 1-----­

aft er leaving Cape Town, he hadcon sid erable trouble getting per-miss ion to travel to O vambol andwhe re h is re la tives li ved. Th e a u-tho rit ies insist ed on h is tak in g upempl oyment t her e im mediately a l-though M r. Toivo m a in ta ined th atowin g to hi s heal th b e could n otwork immediat el y. H is referencebook was tak en from him and hewas issued with a permit to tr avelto Ovarnboland .

by

ULE

JEZEBEL

HIGHEST INNINGS IN TESTCRICKET

365 n.o. G ar field Sobers ­West Indies vs . P ak istan - 1957­58.

364 Len Hutton - Englan d vs,Aus tralia - 1938 .

·337 Hanif Mohammed ­Pakista n vs. We st In dies - 1957­58.

336 n.o, Walter Hammond ­En gland vs. N ew Zealand 1932-33.And fu rther down the list :­

·270 n.o. G . H ead ley - WestIn dies vs . En gla nd - 1934 -35.

·261 F . M. Worrell - WestInd ies vs. E n gland - 1950.

*260 C. Hunte - W est Indiesvs. Pakistan - 1957-58.

·Non-Whites.In add ition the world's first ,

second , fourth, sixth an d seventhwick et partnerships are hel d byNon-Whites .

So uth Afri ca' s h ighest recordedin d ivid ua l sco re is that of 410 notout, by M. I. Yusuf, a Natalian,in a leagu e m at ch played in Salts­bury.

We Hear It Said .. -,

Week

v.l Ltd 8 Barrack S tr eet. Capeh ellev Road. Salt RIver. Thhctreutanons. New Age omclla:2-3787.Issloner Street. Phone 22-~21l

one 6-88117.Street . P bo ne &Ile17.

ma de b y two clown wi tnesses inth e magistrate's court h ere lastweek.

T he witnesses were giving evi­dence a t a p rep a ratory exa m ina ­tio n ·o f 66 pe rson s alleged to bethe members of the Msomi Gangwhi ch had ter rorised Alexandr aT ow nship. T he me n are facingcl ose to 90 ch ar ges of murder ,arson . robbery a nd ext o rt ion .

One of the witne sses is an A fri ­can constable a lso sta tioned a tWynberg, He told the courttha t in th e co urse of hi s dutiesone da y he saw a box f u JI o frevol vers lying in th e " Msornioffice" in the townshi p.

He repo rted th e m a tter to th eW ynberg pol ice bu t not h ing wasdone.

A nother wi tn ess who h ad beenber of th e ga ng but h ad re ­a few m onths before the

(Continued fro m page 3)

the open, it is ex oec te d that manymember s bo th of'fhe A .A .C . an dthe Anti-Cad are likely to feel aneed to re as sess th eir situ ation .

There wi1l be disg ust a t theA.A.C.'s decisio n to confine itsa ttention to the pr ofessional m enan d traders and to tu rn its b ackon the great maiorit v of Africans,the worke rs , and at tbe same timeequal disg us t w ith th e An t i-Ca d 'sconsistent sabo tage of every callby the Congresses for ge nuineunitv to fight th e N a ts.

As a result there is bound to bean increased movement of N EU Msupporters away fro m these poli­cies and towards the Congress es.

Re<;. 69-3337

o ice Took No C '0

Aga ins f Gan9 5 fer5 ~ JNN~~I. -::h~~I; "j:;<~;i~<be~~~• II organised and con duc ted on a, e ses 9 ~~:XgS St~is~~i~~r;hatSC~~~h ;~~~ • T ha t the S.A. African F .A.sho uld be in it ia te d on a nat ion a l and the S.A . Bantu F .A . h av e in

A'I rl g was rounde d up sa id he had ~~r:rS~i~;~~~' ~e~~ato~:a~~see:f~; ~m~ii~ l;e~~ni~~ge~ni~~' ::as~~~seen me mb ers of the gan g sta b th e European schoo lboys. This fac t was d isclosed at the an­a nd kill a person. He repo rted the T he time i'i ri :1c fo r th e fo r ma - nu al meeting of the S.A . Bantuma tt e r to th e W vnb erc !loI.ce on lion of such a bo dy . an d admi ni- F.A. where it was stated th at thetwo occ asio ns an d when nothing stra tor s of the se sch oo ls tou rna - am a lga m a tio n was accepted on ly

~~~s ~o~~h~~loS~~t~r~e P~7~;.tCd to ~~n~y 't~~l l~f s~~ rt i~~fat?~~1 i[O~~ ~h ei;h:ffiI1at:~run~~s~sidera tion of

SEP ARATE OFFICE ~n V;~~d~c,:;~r-~;~~i~~~a~ s ~i~~~ • Th at Basil D 'O liviera is the

att~~~~e~oath~e~~;i_iJ~~i~~ ~:~~~; nina to tour Natal next D ecem ber. ~;evjY~~r~h~c~heo~~~~6g{t~r;:~eti~Board , whic h has it s own lo cal ~~:~:ni:~ui~r Ptl~evii~r~~ti~alofP~ tion s o rgani sed by the N on­

~O li~~e~r~e~ s~ idD~7~~t~C ohffi~eh~~ nat iona l bo dy. N a ta l. I k now , i : ~~~~ralafeelfna:e~f' th~h~an iin ~~:to wn wh ere Alexandra resi de nts beCI~tm~~h l s~~. g~~dt~~ s:rh~~d ;~~ street, as Basil h as done enoughcou ld g ive sta tements a bou t the vinces in te rested subsequent lv, th is y ear to wa rrant this honour.act ivi t.e s of the Ms o-ni Gang . Onc e this Idea has been adopted . • Th at th e West Indies teamThis met hod naid divid ends be - I a m positi ve that many sponsors now touring Indi a ar e pe rformingcau se oeople were terr ified to give could be fou nd to finan ce this cred itabl y a lt hough play ing with­sta temen ts a t his office in th e sch eme. But th is ca n fo llow lat e r, out their three stars - 'w orrell,township. fo r the formation must firs t come We eke s and Walcott. Players like

H e h ad obs e r ved th e offices of about. Sobers, Hunte a n dSmith are strik-

~:eks~~~i (h~a~~('e~~ran~e:f~:~ Non-White World-Record ing go od b atting form.he ha d see n some of the men in • Th at in a f riendly so ccer

~~~r~ea~~~u~~fd:J~or~~~~gt~:'~~ HoLders ~at~u:Ja~o~~:~tl~ P~h~ y:~~~~Evidence wa s al so led of how --- Bu sh Bucks wer e completely out-

th e a llgee d m em bers of th e gang cl as sed b v the Dynamos F.C. from

i~~ t~~~z~~ti~~ro~h~~. a fter pour- JU~cke~~~ ll~u~~m~~~~~~~I ~~~~n3::~~rg and were lucky to

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