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ILOs By the end of this lecture, each

student should be able to:1. Describe the origin, course, termination ,

relations & branches of axillary artery.

2. Describe the origin, course, tributaries &termination of axillary vein.

3. Enumerate groups of axillary lymph nodes4. Explain areas of drainage of each groupof axillary L.N.

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Axillary artery is the continuation of

the subclavian artery.Starts at the outer border of thefirst rib .

Ends at lower border of the teresmajor muscle where it continues asthe brachial artery.

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Axillary artery is acontinuation of thesubclavian artery.

Starts at the outerborder of the first

rib .

Ends at lower border

of the teres majormuscle where itcontinues as the

brachial artery.

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Parts of Axillary

Artery

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Pectoralis minor musclecrosses in front of theaxillary artery and divides it

into three parts.

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Axillary artery

12

3

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First part :

Above pectoralis minor

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Branches of first partof axillary artery

One branch

superior thoracicartery

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Superior

thoracic art

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Second part :

Behind pectoralis minor

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Branches of the second part :

1. Thoracoacromial artery -

2. Lateral thoracic artery

AP

C

D

Acromial Pectoral Clavicular Deltoid

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Tho

raco

acromial A

Lat. thoracic A

A

P

C

D

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Third part :

Below pectoralis minor

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Branches of the third part:

1. Subscapular artery

2. Anterior circumflex humeral artery

3. Posterior circumflex humeralartery

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subscapular art

Post. circumflex humeralart

Ant. circumflexhumeral art

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Relations of AxillaryArtery

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skin

Superficial fasciaDeep fascia

ANTERIOR

Pectoralis major

Pectoralisminor

3rd 2nd 1st

2rib 1ribSubscapularisLatissimus

dorsiTeres major

POSTERIOR

Axillary A

1st & 2nd digitationsof serratus ant.

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AXILLAR

Y

ARETERY

AXILLARYVEIN

LATE

RAL

MEDIA

L

Coracob

rachialis

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Surface anatomy of the axillary artery

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Begins at the lower border of teres major muscle

Ends at the outer border of first rib and continues

as the subclavian vein .

as a continuation of the basilic vein .

Axillary vein is medial to axillary artery

Axillary Vein

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BASILIC VEIN

CEPHALIC VEIN

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BASILIC VEIN

AXILLARY VEIN

SUBCLAVIAN VEIN

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Basilic vein

Axillary vein

Cephalic vein

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Tributaries of axillary vein1. Tributaries corresponding to the

branches of the axillary artery.2. Cephalic vein.

3. Two venae comitantes of thebrachial artery.

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BRACHIAL

VEINS

CEPHALIC

VEINTRIBUTARIES

CORRESPONDINGTO

BRANCHESOF

AXILLARY ARTERY

TRIBUTARIES OF AXILLARY VEIN

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Axillary Lymph

Nodes

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1/ anterior (pectoral) group.

2/ posterior (subscapular) group.

3/ lateral group.

4/ central group.5/ apical (Infraclavicular) group .

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Anterior (pectoral) group at lower border of pectoralis minorAlong lateral thoracic vessels

Posterior ( subscapular) group at lower border of subscapularis

Along subscapular vessels

Central group in the center of axilla

near its base

Apical group in the apex

of axilla

Lateral group

along the upper part of humerus

A i l

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pectoralisminor

hum

er

us

Axillary

vein

Anteriorgroup

Posteriorgroup

Lateral

group

Centralgroup

Apicalgroup

G

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1- Central &Lateral

quadrants of theBreast

Anterior Group

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2- Anterolateral wall of thetrunk above umbilicus

P t i G

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1- Axillary tail ofbreast

Posterior Group

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Posterior Group

Back as far as iliac crest

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Supratrochlear L.N.

Lateral L.N.

Infraclavicular L.N.

Lateral groupof

Axillary L.N.

A i l G

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1- upper part ofbreast

Apical Group

+It receives from

AllOther groups

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AnteriorAnteriorAnteriorAnterior(pectoral) group(pectoral) group(pectoral) group(pectoral) group

*Anterolateralwall of the trunk*central & lateralpart of breast

*Back as faras the level of

the iliac

crests +axillary tail ofbreast

PosteriorPosteriorPosteriorPosterior

((((subscapularsubscapularsubscapularsubscapular))))

groupgroupgroupgroup

*All upperlimb except

lateral side offingers, hand,forearm and

arm.

lateral grouplateral grouplateral grouplateral group

centralcentralcentralcentral

groupgroupgroupgroup

apicalapicalapicalapical

groupgroupgroupgroup

infraclavicularinfraclavicularinfraclavicularinfraclavicular

lateral side offingers, hand,

forearm and arm

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Clinical Note

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Since axillary L.N. drain theupper limb, breast, anterior &

posterior body walls above thelevel of umbilicus, therefore in

any inflamation or malignancy inthese areas, examination of

the axillary L. N. isnecessary

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The axillary artery gives thefollowing branches , EXCEPT:

A. Suprascapular artery

B. Superior thoracic artery

C. Lateral thoracic arteryD. Subscapular artery

E. Thoraco-acromial artery

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The 3rd

part of the axillaryartery lies anterior to thefollowing , EXCEPT:

A. Subscapularis

B. Teres majorC. Latissimus dorsi

D. Pectoralis major

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Lymphatics from central &lateral quadrants of the breastdrain DIRECTLY into:

A. Pectoral group of axillary L.N.

B. Lateral group of axillary L.N.C. Posterior group of axillary L.N.

D. Central group of axillary L.N.E. Apical group of axillary L.N.

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