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Transcript of Axes Systems AG by Axes Systems ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 ICC 2007, Moscow, Russia...
Axes Systems AG
by Axes Systems
ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007
ICC 2007, Moscow, Russia
Automated Derivation of a 1:300 000 Topographic Map
from Swiss DLM VECTOR 200
Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems AGIngo Petzold, University of Zurich
Dirk Burghardt, University of Zurich
by Axes Systems
ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems
Overview
• Context / Introduction• Derivation of DCM300• Perspective: Derivation of DCM25• Conclusion
by Axes Systems
ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems
Context / Introduction
swisstopo’s project OPTINA-LK
OPTINA-LK
Vector200
DCM 300
Vector200Karto
Generali-sationMRDB
Feasabilitystudy
by Axes Systems
ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems
Context / Introduction
swisstopo’s project OPTINA-LK
OPTINA-LK
Vector200
TLM
DCM 300
Vector200Karto
DCM 25
TLMKarto
Generali-sation
Generali-sationMRDB
MRDB
Feasabilitystudy
RealisationJan´08
by Axes Systems
ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems
Source Data
DLM VECTOR200• digitized from topographic map 1:200'000• 31 feature classes, 6 topics:
– Transportation– Hydrography– Landcover– Buildings– POI– Boundaries
• Manually thinned for derivation of DCM300
by Axes Systems
ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems
Source Data
DLM VECTOR200, sample 1 (mountains):
by Axes Systems
ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems
Source Data
DLM VECTOR200, sample 2 (hills / lake):
by Axes Systems
ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems
Target Data
DCM300• Digital Cartographic Model for
topographic map 1:300'000• ~40 feature classes (VECTOR200:
31)– Due to more detailed variations, e.g.
line symbolisation of roads
Two major parts of processing:• Reclassification• Cartographic Generalisation
by Axes Systems
ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems
Reclassification
Reclassification / Model Transformation:
m:n relation
+ Attribute TransformationTransformation Rules, near Prolog Syntaxe.g. road:use:tunnel road:main AND construct == 3
FC
FC
FC
FC
by Axes Systems
ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems
Reclassification
Rules definition through GUI:
by Axes Systems
ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems
Cartographic Generalisation
Generalisation Operators used:• Selection
– Through feature size• Displacement
– Mainly between Road/Railway/River– Parameters: Stiffness (e.g. Major Road or
River)– Self-Displacement (e.g. narrow slopes)
• Simplification: Variant of Douglas-Peucker– Topology preservant– Connectivity preservant
by Axes Systems
ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems
Workflow
Suitable workflow was compiled after a seriesof tests:
1. Model transformation2. De-selection3. Displacement of line features4. Line Simplification5. Area Simplification
by Axes Systems
ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems
Examples
Sample 1 (mountains): VECTOR200
by Axes Systems
ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems
Examples
Sample 1 (mountains): DCM300 after MT:
by Axes Systems
ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems
Examples
Sample 1 (mountains): DCM300 after Gen.
by Axes Systems
ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems
Examples
Sample 2 (hills / lake): VECTOR200
by Axes Systems
ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems
Examples
Sample 2 (hills / lake): DCM300 after MT:
by Axes Systems
ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems
Examples
Sample 2 (hills / lake): DCM300 after Gen.
by Axes Systems
ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems
Examples
Central Switzerland: DCM300 after Gen.
by Axes Systems
ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems
Context / Introduction
swisstopo’s project OPTINA-LK
OPTINA-LK
Vector200
TLM
DCM 300
Vector200Karto
DCM 25
TLMKarto
Generali-sation
Generali-sationMRDB
MRDB
Feasabilitystudy
RealisationJan´08
by Axes Systems
ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems
Derivation of DCM25
Source: • Topographic Landscape Model (TLM)• Newly created, currently built up• Only sample data• Basis for maps 1:25K, 1:50K, 1:100KTarget:• Digital Cartographic Model DCM25• Basis for map 1:25K
by Axes Systems
ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems
Derivation of DCM25
Comparison to DCM300 : • Bigger amount of data• New feature classes (~220)More generalisation operators needed
• Area coverage, to be maintained• Full topology, to be maintained• Need for automated update
mechanism
by Axes Systems
ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems
Derivation of DCM25
Main components of new system: • Workflow Management• New generalisation operators• Partitioning and Generalisation Zones• Horizontal Relations• Automated Incremental Updating
by Axes Systems
ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems
Workflow Management
Workflow Editor:– Define workflows graphically
Workflow Engine:– Execute workflow
Characteristics of architecture:– Sequences– Sub-Workflows– Branches, concurrent processes– Loops– Connection to Generalisation Services
by Axes Systems
ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems
Generalisation operators
New generalisation operators (compared to DCM300), most already implemented:
• Typification / of building alignments• Aggregation• Amalgamation• Merge• Building simplification• Geometry type change• Various special operators
by Axes Systems
ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems
Partitioning / GenZones
Partitioning: handling of large amount of data
• Trans-Hydro-Graph• Density analysis, e.g. building density
City / residential zone / rural area
• Pre-defined regions• Manual partitioningGeneralisation Zones: Effect on Parameters• Urban / Rural • Alpine / Hilly
data driven
process driven(top-down)
by Axes Systems
ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems
Horizontal Relations
Allow representation of relationships between features within one resolution
originalsituation
buildingalignments
trans-hydro-graph
topology nearness
by Axes Systems
ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems
Conclusion
• swisstopo´s OPTINA LK• Derivation of DCM300:
– Feasability study– Accomplished
• Derivation of DCM25– Productive System– Realisation Jan´08
Thank you!
by Axes Systems
ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems
Incremental Updating
Two Approaches: Re-Generalisation and Construction (see ICC 2005)
a a'
Original data
Updated data
ungener-alised
generalisedb b'
Re-Generalisation
GR GR
UR a a'
b b'
ConstructionGR
UR
UR
Original data
Updated data
Re-Generalisation Construction
by Axes Systems
ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems
1..*
1..2
0..*
Feature
geometry:Geometryattributes:Collection
object-oriented model
Relation modeling
by Axes Systems
ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems
1..*
1..2
0..*
Feature
geometry:Geometryattributes:Collection
Relation
object-oriented model
Relation modeling
by Axes Systems
ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems
1..*
1..2
0..*
Feature
geometry:Geometryattributes:Collection
BinaryRelation
feature1:Featurefeature2:Feature
NAryRelation
features:Collection
Relation
feature1 xor feature2 of an instance of aBinaryRelation can point to a null-object.
object-oriented model
Relation modeling
by Axes Systems
ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems
1..*
1..2
0..*
Feature
geometry:Geometryattributes:Collection
BinaryRelation
feature1:Featurefeature2:Feature
NAryRelation
features:Collection
Relation
IntraResolutionRelation
type:IntraResolutionRelationType
InterResolutionRelation
genOperators:CollectionconsideredFeatures:Collection
UpdateRelation
dateInserted:DatesourceOfInformation:String
minusGeometry:GeometryplusGeometry:GeometryattributeChanges:Collection
feature1 xor feature2 of an instance of aBinaryRelation can point to a null-object.
object-oriented model
Relation modeling
by Axes Systems
ICC 2007, Moscow, 5.-10. Aug. 2007 Matthias Bobzien, Axes Systems
1..*
1..2
0..*
Feature
geometry:Geometryattributes:Collection
BinaryRelation
feature1:Featurefeature2:Feature
NAryRelation
features:Collection
Relation
IntraResolutionRelation
type:IntraResolutionRelationType
InterResolutionRelation
genOperators:CollectionconsideredFeatures:Collection
UpdateRelation
dateInserted:DatesourceOfInformation:String
minusGeometry:GeometryplusGeometry:GeometryattributeChanges:Collection
feature1 xor feature2 of an instance of aBinaryRelation can point to a null-object.
object-oriented model
Relation modeling