Automotive Ethernet Compliance,

System Level Testing using Non-Intrusive

signal Separation Techniques

Darshan Mehta

Autonomous Car Block Diagram

2

DOMAIN CONTROLLER

Camera Sensor

Radar Sensor

Lidar Sensor

Gateway

ECU

ABS

EPS

CAN/LIN/FlexRay

CPU#0

Automotive Ethernet, LVDS

CAN-FD, Automotive Ethernet, LVDS

CPU#

L3-L5 Autonomous Car

AccuatorSensors ADAS Controller

In-Vehicle Network In-Vehicle Network

In-Vehicle Networking

3

BACKBONE OF THE AUTONOMOUS CAR

Source: Dr. Kai Richter and Jonas Diemer of Symtavision and Daniel Thiele, Philip Axer and Dr. Rolf Ernst of Technische Universität Braunschweig

Automotive Ethernet Standard• IEEE Ethernet derivative standard (BroadR-Reach) created by an industry alliance (OABR)

• IEEE has established its own standards 100BASE-T1 (P802.3bwTM) and 1000BASE-T1 (802.3bpTM)

• Initial deployment focused on 100 Mb/s and 1 Gb/s, early development underway for 10Gbps

• Unshielded single twisted pair cabling designed for automotive use and lower cost

• PAM3 Modulation: Slow rise time, reduces EMI

• Full-Duplex Communication: Reduces cable and increases effective bandwidth

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100BASE-T

BRR/100BASE-T1

UTPC

Unshielded single twisted pair cabling designed for use in

automotive environments with

lower cost

TL3

PAM3

Automotive Ethernet Test Requirement

OSI CAN

7. Application Application6. Presentation5. Session4. Transport3. Network 2. Datalink DLL1. Physical PHY

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OSI Automotive Ethernet

7. Application Application6. Presentation5. Session4. Transport TCP/UDP3. Network IP2. Datalink Network Access1. Physical 100/1000BASE-T1

Eye Diagram,

Protocol Test

Eye Diagram, Compliance

Protocol Decode

Protocol Conformance

Test

Protocol Decode

Automotive Ethernet- Compliance Test

TC8 Test Requirement

OSI Automotive Ethernet 7. Application Application6. Presentation5. Session4. Transport TCP3. Network IP2. Datalink Network Access1. Physical 100/1000BASE-T1

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PMA Tx

IOP Test

Switch Test

TCP/IP

Application

Tx Frequency, Jitter, RL, MDI Mode conversion, Droop, PSD, Distortion, Common mode Emission, Signal Quality Test, Rx

ARP, DHCP, ICMPv4, IPv4, UDP, TCP, SOME/IP

Time Sync, VLAN, Address Resolution, Config, Filtering, DiagnosticLink Up/Down time, Sleep/Wake-up time etc

Automotive Ethernet PMA Compliance Test• PHY Media Attachment Compliance Test • PHY test mode configuration should be provided by PHY vendor• Transceiver PHY electrical test requirements include:◦ Maximum Output Droop ◦ Timing Jitter (master/slave)◦ MDI Output Jitter◦ Distortion◦ Power Spectral Density ◦ Clock Frequency ◦ MDI Return Loss◦ Peak Differential Output◦ MDI Mode conversion Loss

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Automotive Ethernet- Eye Diagram Test

Eye Diagram Test- Use caseCustomer DUT Type DUT Job to be done

PHY silicon companies 100BASE-T1 PHY Silicon PHY performance in different Noise condition (Signal Quality Test)

Performance test and debugT1 System Integrator and Cable companies

ECUECU Performance test under Noise condition (Signal

Quality Test)

System: ECU to ECU, ECU to Sensor System performance Test with different ECUs or

different cable type

Production ECU Performance test - Manufacturing variation Test

OEM Car with Automotive Interface

Performance test under various scenario- Cracking- DC MotorSystem level Debug

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Eye Diagram Test challenge-1

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• Voltage Probe Signal

Multilevel Signal

Close Eye Diagram

Eye Diagram Test challenge-2

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• Directional coupler-◦ Cut the cable and disturb the system

◦ Directional coupler works on Directivity principle, would not show true Signal for Signal Integrity test

◦ Insertion loss, Reflection, Mode conversion loss

◦ Propagation delay

◦ De-Embedding the signal will degrade Signal to noise ration

Signal Separation• Tektronix unique (Patent pending)

Automotive Ethernet Signal separation solution using Voltage and Current waveform

• Proprietary method to separate Full-duplex signal using Current waveform and Full-Duplex Voltage waveform

• Direct access Probing, no need to break cable, No loading on ECU system

• Provides Master and Slave separated signal

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Tektronix Solution

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Before Separation

After software Separation

PAM3 signal

Full-Duplex Signal

PAM3 Analysis• Software clock recovery

• PAM3 Eye Height and Width

• PAM3 Linearity

• Jitter Separation

• Bathtub curve (BER)

• Eye Mask test

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PAM3 Analysis Report

• Detailed Report with Measured value, Pass/Fail Summary, Limits, Plots

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Automotive Ethernet- Protocol Decode

Protocol Decode use cases

• Timing Measurement◦ MII to Automotive Ethernet ◦ PHY Control System (PCS) timing test◦ ECU Power-on timing Test◦ Time Synchronous Network timing measurement

• Debug◦ Protocol failure in various scenario

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MCU PHY PHY MCU

MII

Automotive Ethernet

MII

Test challenge

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• Directional coupler-◦ System performance will be degraded with

Directional coupler

◦ Propagation delay

◦ Difficult to use for system level debug

Protocol Decode

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Search Option

Full-Duplex Protocol Decode

Signal Separation solutionTektronix Confidential

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Eye Diagram

Protocol Decode Table

Protocol Decode

Automotive Ethernet solution

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OSI Automotive Ethernet

7. Application Application6. Presentation5. Session4. Transport TCP/UDP3. Network IP2. Datalink Network Access1. Physical 100/1000BASE-T1

Eye Diagram, Compliance

L1-L7 Conformance

Test

Protocol Decode, Timing

Measurement

Summary

• Ability to see the “real” signal without Insertion Loss which increases diagnosis accuracy

• Easier test set up reduces total test time

• User can perform Protocol Test, Cable performance test, ECU performance test, Reliability test, Debug in-car using New Signal Separation technique.

• Precise timing Measurement

• Comprehensive Test solution for In-Vehicle Network standards (Automotive Ethernet, HDBaseT, LVDS standards)

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SEE THE SIGNAL YOU COULD NOT SEE BEFORE

Thank you!