Aug 4Aug 4thth If you could live If you could live anywhere in the world- where anywhere in the world- where

would that be and why?would that be and why?

Items to add to your mapItems to add to your map AlbertaAlberta ChinaChina Saudi ArabiaSaudi Arabia HimalayasHimalayas Washington StateWashington State IrelandIreland ZimbabweZimbabwe AlpsAlps ChileChile Rocky MountainsRocky Mountains 2008 Olympics2008 Olympics Andes MountainsAndes Mountains Quebec Quebec Ural MountainsUral Mountains

PakistanPakistan FinlandFinland TajikistanTajikistan UgandaUganda WinnipegWinnipeg Sahara DesertSahara Desert ParaguayParaguay MalaysiaMalaysia MongoliaMongolia PolandPoland West Siberian PlainWest Siberian Plain Costa RicaCosta Rica French GuianaFrench Guiana IndiaIndia GreeceGreece

Introduction to Social Introduction to Social StudiesStudies

Welcome to the

World!!!!

There are five fields of learning in social studies. We learn about the world and its people by studying geography, history, economics, government,

and culture.The Hoover Dam on Lake Mead at the Arizona-Nevada border.

HistoryHistory

History… is a record of the past; the past

shapes the present

With your group decide on 5 things With your group decide on 5 things that happened in history that that happened in history that influence who we are today…influence who we are today…

Government

How Countries Govern Every country has laws—rules that govern

behavior Government makes and enforces lawsLimited and Unlimited Governments Limited—everyone obeys laws, including rulers Unlimited—rulers have absolute authority over

everyone, everything

With your group write 2 countries that have limited government, and 2 countries that have unlimited government…

Government Continued

Citizen—a legal member of a country with rights and duties

Two ways to achieve citizenship:- born in country - NaturalizationIs there anyone that was born in

another country?

Economics

The Study of ResourcesEconomics—the study of how people manage

resources ( what you do with what you have) Scarcity—conflict between unlimited desires and

limited resources ( there is never as much as you want or need!) Resources

Economists identify three types of resources:- natural: gifts of nature- human: production skills- capital: goods and services produced

CultureCulture

Culture—shared beliefs, customs, laws, art, ways of living

Many Regions, Many Cultures

people share common:- beliefs- history- language- religion- technology- work- food- clothing- shelter

With your group, decide what cultural regions there are located throughout the world…be sure to use the definition to justify your choices

Hint: There are 7 of them!!!

The World’s Culture Regions

Where you right???Where you right???The world has seven culture regions:

- U.S. and Canada- Latin America- Europe and former U.S.S.R.- North Africa and Southwest Asia- Africa south of the Sahara- South Asia- East Asia, Australia, and the Pacific Islands

Elements of CultureElements of Culture

With your half of the class- decide With your half of the class- decide what are some of the characteristics what are some of the characteristics of your culture.of your culture.

How Does Religion Effect How Does Religion Effect Culture?Culture?

Next, with your group describe how Next, with your group describe how religion has effected our culture in religion has effected our culture in the United States- name specific the United States- name specific examples on how religion shapes examples on how religion shapes who we are today.who we are today.

What Cultural Conflicts have you What Cultural Conflicts have you seen within your school and in the seen within your school and in the United States?United States?

The World?The World?

Government and Culture…Government and Culture…

How can Government (laws) effect How can Government (laws) effect culture of a society?culture of a society?

THE FIVE THEMES OF THE FIVE THEMES OF GEOGRAPHYGEOGRAPHY

GeographyGeography

Geography Geography –– is the study of people, places, and the environment

The study of geography focuses on five themes:

- location- region- place- movement- human-environment interaction

Theme 1: Location Absolute LocationAbsolute location —the

exact spot on Earth where a place is found

latitude—lines parallel to equator; show distance north and south of Equator

longitude—lines between North and South Poles- show distance east and west of prime meridian

Relative LocationRelative location is where a

place is in relation to other places example:

Lat is fat!!!! Longitude

"Turn right when you see the big monkey statue, move 5 blocks down and on your left will be a water fountain".

Our Absolute LocationOur Absolute Location

With your group, With your group, determine our determine our absolute location. absolute location. You want to You want to describe it in terms describe it in terms of where you are of where you are right now and work right now and work your way out!your way out!

Mrs. Chen’s Room#505Mrs. Chen’s Room#505 Freedom Middle SchoolFreedom Middle School City- CantonCity- Canton County-CherokeeCounty-Cherokee State-GeorgiaState-Georgia County- United StatesCounty- United States Continent- North AmericaContinent- North America Hemisphere- Northern and Hemisphere- Northern and

WesternWestern Planet-EarthPlanet-Earth System- SolarSystem- Solar Galaxy- Milky WayGalaxy- Milky Way

Theme 2: RegionsTheme 2: Regions

Regions are used to make comparisons. Regions are used to make comparisons.

Regions have Regions have unifying characteristicsunifying characteristics

such as climate, population, or history. such as climate, population, or history. What region do we live in?  What type of What region do we live in?  What type of

region is it?  What are its characteristics? region is it?  What are its characteristics? What states do you define as the South?  What states do you define as the South?  The Northeast?  What characteristics and The Northeast?  What characteristics and perceptions go along with these regions? perceptions go along with these regions?    

Theme 3: PlaceTheme 3: Place What do you think of when you imagine China?  Japan?  What do you think of when you imagine China?  Japan? 

Russia?  Saudi Arabia? Russia?  Saudi Arabia? Places have both Places have both humanhuman and and physicalphysical characteristics, as characteristics, as

well as images. well as images. PhysicalPhysical characteristics include mountains, rivers, soil, characteristics include mountains, rivers, soil,

beaches, wildlife, soil.   Places have beaches, wildlife, soil.   Places have humanhuman characteristics characteristics also.also.  These characteristics are derived from the ideas and   These characteristics are derived from the ideas and actions of people that result in changes to the environment, actions of people that result in changes to the environment, such as buildings, roads, clothing, and food habits. such as buildings, roads, clothing, and food habits.

The image people have of a place is based on their The image people have of a place is based on their experiences, both intellectual and emotional.  experiences, both intellectual and emotional.  People's People's descriptions of a place reveal their values, attitudes, and descriptions of a place reveal their values, attitudes, and perceptions. perceptions.

Theme 4: MovementTheme 4: Movement

The movement of people, the import The movement of people, the import and export of goods, and mass and export of goods, and mass communication have all played major communication have all played major roles in shaping our world.roles in shaping our world.   

People everywhere interact.  They People everywhere interact.  They travel from place to place and they travel from place to place and they communicate.  We live in a global communicate.  We live in a global village and global economy. village and global economy.

Movement ContinuedMovement Continued

People interact with each other through People interact with each other through movement.  Humans occupy places unevenly on movement.  Humans occupy places unevenly on Earth because of the environment but also Earth because of the environment but also because we are social beings.  because we are social beings.  We interact with We interact with each other through travel, trade, information each other through travel, trade, information flows (E-Mail) and political events. flows (E-Mail) and political events.

Not only do humans move but also ideas moveNot only do humans move but also ideas move; ; fashions move; fads move.  What is an example fashions move; fads move.  What is an example of an idea that moves?    How do we depend on of an idea that moves?    How do we depend on people in other places?     What would happen if people in other places?     What would happen if we traveled by camel or horse?  How do we move we traveled by camel or horse?  How do we move from place to place? from place to place? 

Theme 5: Human InteractionTheme 5: Human Interaction

How do humans and the environment affect How do humans and the environment affect each other? each other? 

There are three key concepts the There are three key concepts the human/environmental interaction:human/environmental interaction:

  Humans adapt on the environment.Humans adapt on the environment. Humans modify the environment.Humans modify the environment. Humans depend to the environmentHumans depend to the environment..

With your group, identify ways we adapt, With your group, identify ways we adapt, modify, and depend on the environmentmodify, and depend on the environment

The Geographer’s World

Geographers study Earth in terms of location, place, region, movement, and human-environment interaction. They use tools such as maps, charts, and graphs to represent Earth. Botafogo Bay in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Types of Maps- You Have to Types of Maps- You Have to Know this!!!!Know this!!!!

Physical Map: shows identifiable landmarks such Physical Map: shows identifiable landmarks such as mountains, rivers, lakes, oceans, and other as mountains, rivers, lakes, oceans, and other permanent geographic features permanent geographic features

Types Of MapsTypes Of Maps

Political Map: Map which shows Political Map: Map which shows countries, borders, and major citiescountries, borders, and major cities

Types of MapsTypes of Maps

Thematic map- shows area with specific Thematic map- shows area with specific information, such as climate, natural information, such as climate, natural resources, or human populationsresources, or human populations

Things to know on a globe:Things to know on a globe:

LocationLocation Equator - 0° Equator - 0° North and South poles North and South poles

are 90°are 90° Each degree of Each degree of

latitude is equal to 69 latitude is equal to 69 miles.miles.

Introduction to GeographyIntroduction to Geography Location ContinuedLocation Continued

a. Longitude – the a. Longitude – the location lines that run location lines that run around the earth through around the earth through the north and south pole.the north and south pole.

b. Meridians – another b. Meridians – another name for the longitude name for the longitude lines.lines.

c. Prime Meridian - 0° c. Prime Meridian - 0° runs through Greenwich, runs through Greenwich, England. Opposite side of England. Opposite side of the earth would be 180°the earth would be 180°

Introduction to GeographyIntroduction to Geography

Globes and MapsGlobes and Maps

Globe – The best way to present a map of Globe – The best way to present a map of the Earth. A round map like to Earth itself.the Earth. A round map like to Earth itself.

Scale – The difference between the actual Scale – The difference between the actual and the model.and the model.

Distortion – By changing the shape of the Distortion – By changing the shape of the Earth map, you create distortion between Earth map, you create distortion between the real Earth and the map.the real Earth and the map.

Introduction to GeographyIntroduction to Geography

Globes and Maps Cont.Globes and Maps Cont.

Projections – The act of putting the globe Projections – The act of putting the globe onto a flat map.onto a flat map.

Examples:Examples:

Mercator (1Mercator (1stst))

InterruptedInterrupted

Equal-AreaEqual-Area

PetersPeters

Robinson (new)Robinson (new)

Introduction to GeographyIntroduction to Geography

The Parts of the MapThe Parts of the Map Compass Rose – A model of a Compass Rose – A model of a

compass on the map that show the compass on the map that show the cardinal directions.cardinal directions.

Cardinal Directions – North, South, Cardinal Directions – North, South, East, and WestEast, and West

Key or Legend – The place on the Key or Legend – The place on the map where certain symbols will be map where certain symbols will be explained.explained.

Introduction to GeographyIntroduction to Geography

Page 41 in the book…Review and Page 41 in the book…Review and ActivitiesActivities

Latitude and Longitude