ATTACHMENT TO KULEKHANI –I HYDROPOWER

BHUPENDRA SAUD -207 BHUBAN DHAMALA -208 KABINDRA POKHAREL -

226 NAWARAJ PAUDEL-233 RABINDRA BHANDARI -

234 SUMAN ADHIKARI-242

BACKGROUND Location:

Dam:Makawanpur,kulekhani Powerhouse:Makawanpur,Dhorshing

Construction started : 1977 A.D. Generation started : 1982 A.D. Installed capacity : 60 MW Primary Annual generation : 165 GWh Secondary annual generation: 46 GWh Capital cost: $117.84 million Funded by : World bank, Kuwait fund, UNDP, Overseas

economic cooperation fund, GON

CIVIL STRUCTURE Dam

1 Type :Zoned Rock Fill Dam with

Inclined Core

2Dam Height

:114 m

3Crest Length

:406 m

4Crest Width

:10 m

5

Embankment Volume

:

4,4419348 m^3

Reservoir1 Catchment basin

area :126 km^2

2Reservoir area : 2.2 km^2 at highest water level

: 1530m from (M.S.L.)3 Gross storage

capacity : 85.30 million cu.m (Initial) : 62.30 cu. m (Estimated 2002)4 Effective Storage

Capacity : 73.30 million cu. M(Initial) 55.56 cu.m (Estimated 2002)5 Dead Storage : 12 million cu.m (Initial) : 6.74 cu.m (Estimated 2002)6 Design Flood

Inflow : 1380 m^3/sec7 Probable Max.

Inflow : 2720 m^3/sec8 Design Flood

Outflow : 1270 m^3/sec9 Probable

Max.Flood Outflow: 2540 m^3/sec

10

Fax Strech in Full Level : 7 km

Waterway Intake

1Original Structure

Type :Horizontal Bell mouth type with

gate shaft

Gate :Caterpillar Gate

2.5m wide*25m high

2Sloping Intake :Constructed under KDPP-I

Dimension :103m long*7.2m wide*5.2m high

Inside width :2.5 m

Minimum operation level for :13.1 m^3/sec

full load 60 mw

Tributary Intakea Chakhel Intake

Type :Non controlled weir type

Connecting Tunnel : 2368 m Long

Dimension : 1.8m wide*18m high

Maximum capacity : 4.1 m^3/sec

b Sim Intake

Type :

Non controlled weir with shaft of 94.7m high and an air trap chamber

Maximim capacity : 3.3 m^3/sec

Spillway:Controlled Crest with 2 Radial Gates of 9.0m wide * 11.5m high and Non-Controlled Crest of 65m Long with Chute and Plunge Pool

Penstock Line1 Diameter : 2.1-1.5 m2 Length : 1324 m

3Length of Bifurcation(each) : 14 m

Headrace Tunnel

1

Type :

Circular Section

2

Diameter and length :

2.5m dia*6233m long

Surge Tank1

Type : Circular Section2 Diameter

and Height

: 3m dia*92m high

Tailrace Tunnel

1Type : Chamber type

2Dimension : 3.1m wide *in length

BY PASS VALVE & INLET VALVE Inlet valve Regulate water flow Remains complete open/close By pass valve Reduce water

pressure to open inlet valve

TURBINE

Turbine

1No. of units : Two

2Type :Vertical Shaft Pelton

3Rated output : 31,000 kW

4Rated speed : 600 rpm (50 Hz)

5Gross Head : 614m to 560m

6Rated Head : 550m

7Maximum Discharge : 13.1 m3/sec

TURBINE ROTATING AND COUPLING MECHANISM

GOVERNING MECHANISM Regulate bucket striking water flow Maintains constant speed under varying load condition

Load ↑ −►water flow ↑ Load ↓ −►water flow ↓

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF GOVERNER

GENERATOR & EXCITOR

Generator

1.No. of units :Two

2.Types :Vertical Shaft revolving salient field three phase synchronous type

3.Rated Capacity :35000 kVA 0.85 lag

4.Generating Voltage :11 kV

5.Frequency :50 Hz Fig: excitor

EXCITATION SYSTEM

COOLING SYSTEM

Water cooling system

Cools generator and power transformer

SYNCRONIZATION / BRAKING SYSTEM

Condition : Set during construction

1. Waveform2. Phase sequence

Set during synchronization

3. Frequency4. Voltage 5. Phase angle

Braking system Jet brake:- reverse

striking of water to bucket Air brake :- when speed reached 40%

SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM OF KULEKHANI-1

SWITCH YARD

Switchyard

TRANSFORMER

Rating 35MVAfrequency

50HZ

connection

Star/delta

type 3 phase oil immersed forced oil-circulation with water cooler, indoor type

Primary voltage

11Kv

Secondary voltage

66Kv

Primary current

1837

Secondary current

306

500 Kva for PH

CURRENT AND VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER

Voltage 66Kv

unit 1 per phaseconnection Parallel to busbarSecondary voltage 110 V

Primary current 400-600ASecondary current 5A

type 3-core secondary

unit 2

RELAY

CIRCUIT BREAKERS

type SF6VOLTAGE 66KVNorma current 0.5KABraking current

12.5KA

Making current 31.5KARestriking voltage

0.75us/kv

Brake timeMaking timeBraking time

5s0.15s0.05s

For 11Kv – vacuum CB

Synchronizing SF6 CB

Breaking SF6 CB

ISOLATOR

LIGHTNING ARRESTORtype Metal

oxide arrestor

Fault on R phase 5

Fault on Y phase 3

Fault on B phase 1

EARTHING

Earth wire

PLCC:-POWER LINE CARRIER COMMUNICATION

Way of Data transmission system using power line Each end of transmission line is provided with PLCC equipmentFor Station to station communication Protection of transmission line

SCADA:-supervisory control and data acquisition system Operates with coded signals over communication channel Control of remote equipment Programmable logic controller (PLCs) as subsystems ButNot used in kulekhani- 1 power station

Fire fighting system Performed manually with water

Cooling system

Sound trap system Traps the noise and Removes out of the plant

AIR CIRCULATING SYSTEMWhy…….?? Complete underground powerhouse with 500m tunnel way

MAIN FEATURES OF POWER STATION

Address Power outage problemBut, how..?For Brownout → supply reactive power Rolling out → rated constant power supply during dry season also “Blackout” → start operation and energized main transmission line.

WHY KULEKHANI-I FOR BLACK START…??

Considering the Ferranty effect problem. Constant discharge.Process of black start Backup battery starts diesel generator Diesel generator helps to bring generating station into operation Energize the key transmission line Starts other power plant

Battery backup

Diesel generator

Plant operatio

n

Transmission line

BACKUP SYSTEM

Battery bank : 400 Ah Total load of PH : 20

Amp For protection For internal lighting

Diesel Generator 1 : capacity : 350 Kva/240KW RPM : 1500 gen. voltage 400V Diesel generator-2 Capacity : 385kva/286.4kw RPM 1500 Gen. voltage 400V

For maintenance For black start

time Power load Power factor Gen.1 MW Gen.2 MW Total MW Gen.1

cosɸ1Gen.2 cosɸ2

Freq. Hz Voltage KV Water level

01:00 - - - - - 49.6 68.5 1526.9902:00 - - - - - 49.3 65.5 1526.9903:00 - - - - - 49.5 66.0 1526.9904:00 - - - - - 49.2 66.6 1526.9905:00 - - - - - 49.3 67.2 1526.9906:00 - - - - - 49.4 66.9 1527.0007:00 - - - - - 49.2 65.0 1527.0008:00 - - - - - 49.6 66.0 1527.0009:00 - - - - - 49.6 63.0 1527.0010:00 - - - - - 49.6 62.0 1527.0011:00 - - - - - 49.6 63.3 1527.0012:00 - - - - - 49.5 64.3 1527.0013:00 - - - - - 49.2 64.8 1527.0014:00 - - - - - 49.2 64.6 1527.0015:00 - - - - - 49.6 65.1 1527.0116:00 - - - - - 49.8 65.7 1527.0117:00 - - - - - 49.0 62.4 1527.0118:00 30.00 - 30.00 1.00 - 49.1 64.6 1527.0119:00 20.00 - 20.0 0.98 - 49.2 66.0 1527.0020:00 - - - - - 49.1 66.9 1527.0021:00 - - - - - 49.3 66.6 1527.0022:00 - - - - - 49.4 63.3 1527.0023:00 - - - - - 49.5 66.0 1527.0024:00 - - - - - 49.5 66.0 1527.00

DAILY LOG SHEET-2072/09/02

Morning peak load (MW) Evening peak time (KW)

time KL-1 Hz time KL-1 Hz

06:00 - - 17:30 - -

06:15 - - 17:45 26.00 49.1

06:30 - - 18:00 30.00 49.1

06:45 - - 18:15 30.00 49.1

07:00 - - 18:30 30.00 49.3

07:15 - - 18:45 28.00 49.3

07:30 - - 19:00 20.00 49.2

07:45 - - 19:15 24.00 49.0

08:00 - - 19:30 11.00 49.5

08:15 - - 19:45 10.00 49.8

08:30 - - 20:00 - -

RECOMMENDATION Use of sectionalized Bus bar Upgrade transmission from 66Kv Use of SCADA system Removal of sediment from the reservoir

….THANK YOU….