By :

Mohamed Khalid Ali Newera

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Definition

Mechanism

classification

How To Avoid Atrophy?

Definition

Decrease size of organ as a result of decrease

in both the number and size of the cells.

I’m Normal !

Atrophy Attack!:????

I’m Normal !

Atrophy Attack!:????

I’m Normal !

Atrophy Attack!:????

Example

Macroscopic:

1.Affected organ decrease in size

2.Appear : soft flabby

3.Color : pale

4.Capsule : wrinkled

Microscopic :

1. the cells in atrophic organs are smaller in size

2. Increase spaces between muscle fiber

Reduction in structural components of cell

Atrophy

Protein

synthesis

Mitochondria

&

myofilaments

Endoplasmic

reticulum

Protein

catabolism

1)Physiological

1. Atrophy of thymus gland

2. thyroglossal duct after birth

3. atrophy of ovaries & uterus after menopause

4. Atrophy of uterus following child birth

2)Pathological

1.Starvation

2.Neuropathic atrophy:

due to loss of innervation.

3. Senile atrophy : in old age

2)Pathological

4.Pressure atrophy: due to long continued pressure on a

tissue leading to decrease in its blood supply with atrophy of its cells

e.g. amyloidosis of the liver

Amyloidosis liver

2)Pathological

5.Ischemic atrophy:

due to decrease of blood supply

e.g. atherosclerosis

6.Decreased work load: e.g. immobilized limb

How To Avoid Atrophy?

1. eating a healthy diet

2. getting regular, moderate exercise

3. avoiding smoking or quitting

4. Do not stay in one position for too long