Aster Solutions - Sustainable Construction Methods by optimizing Natural and Renewable Resources
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STRAW BALE HOUSES
Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneria1STRAW BALE HOUSES
Master in Interior Design
Prof. Arch. Filippo Taidelli
“Sustainable approach can bring to a
creative solution”
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Why Straw bale houses?Reason #1 Energy Efficiency.• A well built straw bale home can save you up to 75% on heating and cooling costs.
Reason #2 Sound Proofing. • Straw bale walls provide excellent sound insulation and are superior wall systems for home owners looking to block
out the sounds of traffic or airplanes in urban environments.
Reason # 3 Fire resistance. • Straw bale homes have roughly three times the fire resistance of conventional homes. Dense bales mean limited
oxygen which in turn means no flames. (REI90)
Reason # 4 Environmental responsibility. • Building with straw helps the planet in many ways. For example, straw is a waste product that is either burned or
composted in standing water. By using the straw instead of eliminating it, we reduce either air pollution or water consumption, both of which impact the environment in general.
Reason #5 Natural Materials
• The use of straw as insulation means that the standard insulation materials are removed from the home. Standard fiberglass insulation has formaldehyde in it, a known carcinogen. Bale walls also eliminate the use of plywood in the walls. Plywood contains unhealthy glues that can off-gas into the house over time. Straw =0.04-0.06 W/mK
Reason #6 Fast construction
• Straw bale house can grow up very quickly
2Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneriaSTRAW BALE HOUSES
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The beginning…
3Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneriaSTRAW BALE HOUSES
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4Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneriaSTRAW BALE HOUSES
The beginning…
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5Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneriaSTRAW BALE HOUSES
The beginning…
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6Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneriaSTRAW BALE HOUSES
The beginning…
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Recent straw bale house…
7Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneriaSTRAW BALE HOUSES
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8Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneriaSTRAW BALE HOUSES
Recent straw bale house…
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9Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneriaSTRAW BALE HOUSES
Recent straw bale house…
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10Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneriaSTRAW BALE HOUSES
Recent straw bale house…
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Construction Methods
11Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneriaSTRAW BALE HOUSES
DIFFERENT CONSTRUCTION METHODS
• LOADBEARING
• PRECAST
• INFILL AND TIMBER FRAME
• LIGHT WEIGHT FRAME AND LOADBEARING
• HYBRID
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Load bearing walls
12Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneriaSTRAW BALE HOUSES
NEBRASKA-STYLE WALL
• The bales themselves take the weight of the roof -
there is no other structural framework
• They are placed together like giant building blocks,
pinned to the foundations and to each other with
coppiced hazel, and have a wooden roof plate on
top
• Openings must be as small as possible
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13Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneriaSTRAW BALE HOUSES
Load bearing walls
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14Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneriaSTRAW BALE HOUSES
VALLELUNGA (BZ)
ITALY
Bed&Breakfast woth
Load Bearing
Walls(jumbo bales) - 3
floors
Load bearing walls
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15Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneriaSTRAW BALE HOUSES
Load bearing walls
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Load bearing walls
16Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneriaSTRAW BALE HOUSES
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18Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneriaSTRAW BALE HOUSES
A new building system from Austria:
• Austrian prefabrication system that combines the traditional
building techniques to the straw material.
• Prefab straw walls are assembled in the factory and made of
wood with vertical portals placed at fixed distance and fixed
to sleepers diagonals.
• The panels can be supplied with straw or just with the wood
structure, so to allow the manufacturer to complete the work
Prefab straw bale walls
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19Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneriaSTRAW BALE HOUSES
Prefab straw bale walls
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Precast straw bale walls
20Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneriaSTRAW BALE HOUSES
AMSTERDAM
HOLLAND
Edificio di 5 piani
fuori terra
realizzato in 6
giorni
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21Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneriaSTRAW BALE HOUSES
takes the advantage of the insulating capacity of the straw to
make courtain insulation.
This system is very economical but has the negative aspect of
a strong thickening of the perimetral wall.The new straw courtain must be firmly attached to the existing
building in order to avoid convective phenomena.
Straw bale courtains
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Straw bale courtains
22Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneriaSTRAW BALE HOUSES
GERMANY
ITALY
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The structure of a strawbale house:
DIFFERENT METHODS OF BUILDING
• LOADBEARING
• LIGHT WEIGHT FRAME AND LOADBEARING
• INFILL AND TIMBER FRAME
• HYBRID
23Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneriaSTRAW BALE HOUSES
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Italian Building CodeThe only structural system admitted according to the
2008 Italian Building code is:
TIMBER FRAME
24Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneriaSTRAW BALE HOUSES
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Light frame
PIONEERED BY BARBARA JONES
• It uses a timber framework that is so light-weight
that it cannot stand up alone.
• It requires temporary bracing to give it stability until
the straw is in place.
• The straw is an essential part of the structural
integrity of the building and it works together with
the timber to carry the load of floors and roof.
26Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneriaSTRAW BALE HOUSES
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Post and beam/timber frame• In this method, the weight of the roof is carried by a
wood, concrete framework, and the bales are
simply infill insulation blocks between the posts.
27Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneriaSTRAW BALE HOUSES
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28Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneriaSTRAW BALE HOUSES
Post and beam/timber frame
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29Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneriaSTRAW BALE HOUSES
SCIOLZE (TURIN)
ITALY
Post and beam/timber frame
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Post and beam/timber frame
30Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneriaSTRAW BALE HOUSES
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Post and beam/timber frame
31Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneriaSTRAW BALE HOUSES
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Timber frame elementsFOUNDATIONS: T-SHAPED
32Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneriaSTRAW BALE HOUSES
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33Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneriaSTRAW BALE HOUSES
Timber frame elementsTIMBER FRAME
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34Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneriaSTRAW BALE HOUSES
Timber frame elementsFLOORS
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35Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneriaSTRAW BALE HOUSES
Timber frame elementsFLOORS
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36Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneriaSTRAW BALE HOUSES
Timber frame elementsFLOORS
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37Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneriaSTRAW BALE HOUSES
Timber frame elementsCROSS BRACING
system utilized to reinforce
building structures in which
diagonal supports intersect.
"Cross bracing can increase
a building’s capability to
withstand seismic forces
from an earthquake."
(Check source) The cross
bracing is usually seen with
two diagonal supports
placed in a X shaped
manner; these supports
withstand only tension.
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38Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneriaSTRAW BALE HOUSES
Finite Element model
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39Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneriaSTRAW BALE HOUSES
Finite Element model
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40Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneriaSTRAW BALE HOUSES
Finite Element model
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Our last work:CASA BERGANDI
Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneria41STRAW BALE HOUSES
Independent villa in Saluggia (Italy)
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Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneria42STRAW BALE HOUSES
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Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneria43STRAW BALE HOUSES
WALLS U= 0.18 W/m2K
FLOOR U= 0.14 W/m2K
ROOF U= 0.14 W/m2K
WINDOWS U= 1.40 W/m2K
VELUX U= 1.70 W/m2K
Medium height 5.20 m
Heated Surface 105 mq
Heated Volume 406 mq
ENERGY CLASS
A+
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Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneria44STRAW BALE HOUSES
SOUTHERN side
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Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneria45STRAW BALE HOUSES
WESTERN side
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Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneria46STRAW BALE HOUSES
NORTHERN side
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Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneria47STRAW BALE HOUSES
EASTERN side
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Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneria48STRAW BALE HOUSES
Section B-B
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Maurizio Macrì e Stefania Mancuso Architetti
Ing. Claudio Di Taddeo - Aster s.r.l. Società di ingegneria49STRAW BALE HOUSES
Architectural model of the wooden elements